Chapter 47 Answer to "How long can the red flag last?"

Many people know that Mao Zedong wrote a famous article titled "Why Can China's Red Regime Exist?" ". This article with interrogative sentences as the title is included in the first volume of "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" and listed in the third part, which is very eye-catching. In fact, this was part of a resolution written by Mao Zedong for the Second Congress of the Hunan-Kiangsi Border Party held on October 4, 1928.This resolution was passed by the "Second National Congress" of the Boundary Party on October 5. It was originally titled "Political Issues and the Tasks of the Boundary Party."In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, when he included it in "Selected Works of Mao Zedong", Mao Zedong personally drew up this title: "Why can China's red regime exist?" "Why did you draft such a title?

The background is that when Mao Zedong drafted the resolution for the "Second National Congress" of the Hunan-Jiangxi border party, part of it was an answer to the question raised by someone in the party at that time about "how long will the red flag be fought".He theoretically expounded the reasons why a small or several small areas of the red regime can occur and exist for a long time in the encirclement of the white regime, so as to strengthen everyone's confidence in insisting on the armed separatist regime on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi. Let's go back to 1928.

From October 4th to 6th, the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee of the Communist Party of China held the second party congress of the border counties at Buyun Mountain in Maoping, Ninggang. This was held when the Red Army Brigade returned to Jinggangshan after the "August defeat" in the Jinggangshan base area, won several consecutive victories, and recovered the entire Ninggang County.More than 100 party leaders from the border counties and the military attended the meeting, which was larger than the "big one" of the border party held in May, where more than 60 people attended the meeting.

There were three topics for the meeting: (1) Discuss and pass the Resolution of the Second Congress of the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Party; (2) Re-election of the Border Special Committee; (3) Discuss issues related to the transformation and construction of the Border Party. The "August failure" in 1928 caused serious losses to the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area, and also shook the confidence of some comrades in the party in the base area.Some people were confused by the temporary difficulties and setbacks, and raised the question of "how long will the red flag be fought" that once appeared in May.Mao Zedong realized the harmfulness of this erroneous trend of thought to the struggle to persist in the base areas, and felt that it was necessary to answer this question seriously.

Therefore, Mao Zedong drafted the resolution of the Second Congress of the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Party, that is, the report he made on behalf of the first special committee, with the title of "Political Issues and the Tasks of the Border Party" and specifically focused on the "red flag". How long did it last?” to answer the question. This answer should be more convincing. As early as the winter of 1927 to the spring of 1928, not long after the Jinggangshan base area was opened up, some people raised the question of "how long will the red flag be held?" "The pessimistic view of the question has been answered, because he understands that "this is the most basic question. If we don't answer the question of whether the Chinese revolutionary base areas and the Chinese Red Army can exist and develop, we will not be able to move forward."

Now, the question of "how long the red flag will be fought" has been raised again, and because of the "August failure", this kind of pessimism has become stronger and the arguments are higher; "The question was answered again, because the base area has experienced nearly half a year of ups and downs in the struggle, and he has more practical experience and a stronger theoretical basis. Therefore, Mao Zedong demonstrated in detail the domestic political situation and the reasons for the emergence and existence of the red regime on the border from a theoretical perspective, and fully affirmed the great significance of creating the red regime in the middle of the Luoxiao Mountains.

Mao Zedong's argument is divided into six parts, namely, the domestic political situation, the reasons for the emergence and existence of China's red regime, the separation of the Hunan-Jiangxi border and its failure in August, the status of the Hunan-Jiangxi border separation in the three provinces of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, economic issues, The issue of military bases. As for the core issue of the emergence and existence of the red regime in China, Mao Zedong listed five points: first, the economically backward semi-colonial China under the indirect rule of imperialism has continuous divisions and wars between the white regimes; The influence of the class-democratic revolution; third, the forward development of the national revolutionary situation; fourth, the existence of a formal Red Army of considerable strength; fifth, the strength of the Communist Party organization and the soundness of its policies.

Mao Zedong's report stood at the height of the Chinese revolution, combined with the struggle practice in Jinggangshan, explained the truth in a simple and simple way, and clarified the problem theoretically, thus unifying the ideological understanding of the participants. Mao Zedong's report, the "Resolution of the Second Congress of the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Party", was passed by the Congress. The Second Congress of the Hunan-Jiangxi Boundary Party re-elected the border special committee and re-elected a new special committee member.They are: Tan Zhenlin, Zhu De, Chen Yi, Long Chaoqing, Zhu Changkai, Liu Tianqian, Pan Yuanzhu, Tan Sicong, Tan Bing, Li Quefei, Zhu Yiyue, Yuan Wencai, Wang Zuonong, Chen Zhengren, Mao Zedong, Wan Xixian, Wang Zuo, Yang Kaiming , He Tingying, a total of 19 people.

Because in August before this, at the emergency meeting of the special committee held in Yongxin Jiupi, Yang Kaiming had been elected as the secretary of the special committee according to the instructions of the Hunan provincial party committee.So at this congress, Yang Kaiming was still elected as the secretary of the special committee, but because he was sick and unable to persist in his work, it was decided that Tan Zhenlin would act as the secretary and Chen Zhengren as the deputy secretary. The Second Congress of the Hunan-Kiangsi Border Party also discussed "Party Transformation and Suggestions for the Border Counties", summed up the mistakes that occurred in the Party work of the counties in the past period, and proposed the Party's transformation and construction in the future. The specific measures and requirements of the Party Committee, with particular emphasis on: "Pointing out all past mistakes within the party, washing away the legacy of opportunism within the party, and reforming party departments at all levels so that they can walk on the path of true proletarian leadership are important tasks for party departments at all levels in the future. Responsibility."

At the same time, the congress discussed and passed resolutions on the work in the counties, the struggle in the countryside, the labor movement, the soldier movement, propaganda, training, the Soviets, the land, and the Youth League. The Second Congress of the Hunan-Kiangsi Border Party held after the base area suffered a major setback in the "August failure" played a positive role in unifying the thinking of the border party, strengthening confidence in overcoming difficulties, and further consolidating and developing the Jinggangshan base area. role.After the "Second National Congress" on the border, the situation of separatism in the base areas took a new turn, the red area expanded rapidly, and the revolutionary regime was increasingly consolidated.

It is especially worth mentioning that the resolution passed by the Second Congress of the Hunan-Jiangxi Border Party analyzed the domestic political situation after the failure of the Great Revolution; expounded the reasons why China’s red regime could exist and develop; summarized The separatist regime on the Hunan-Jiangxi border and the experience and lessons of the failure in August; discusses the important position of the separatist regime on the Hunan-Jiangxi border; emphasizes the importance of solving economic problems in the work of consolidating and developing the red regime; specifically discusses several methods for consolidating military bases .This marks the initial formation of Mao Zedong's thought of "armed separatism of workers and peasants" and the theory of red regime. The idea of ​​"armed separatism of workers and peasants" and the theory of red regime are Mao Zedong's great contributions to the Chinese revolution. It reflects our party's understanding of the characteristics of the Chinese revolution in its infancy. The formation of the theory has laid a solid foundation.