Chapter 18 The revolutionary army is different from the green forest hero

The Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army really went up the mountain as Mao Zedong expected, and became the "King of the Mountain".But Mao Zedong was very clear: After all, the Communist Party cannot be equated with the "King of the Mountain". Even if it is to be done, it must be the "King of the Revolution". To be a "revolutionary king of the mountain" is not to be a hero who gathers in the mountains and forests, but to be guided by revolutionary theories and act in a revolutionary way. Mao Zedong didn't live in Ciping for long. In early November, he led his troops back to Maoping.

Maoping is quite different from the previous visit. There are revolutionary slogans everywhere in and outside the village, which makes people feel as if they have returned to the period of the Great Revolution.With the support of Yuan Wencai, the rear hospital and the rear left-behind office have taken shape, which really gave people a sense of security in the "rear". Mao Zedong was not satisfied, his eyes were not just a Maoping! So Mao Zedong thought of the local organization of the Communist Party.This is the leadership necessary to develop the revolution in this region. As early as when he first arrived in Maoping, through Long Chaoqing’s introduction, Mao Zedong knew that because of Yuan Wencai’s protection, many leaders of the Communist Party organizations in Yongxin, Lianhua, and Ninggang counties went into hiding after the failure of the Great Revolution. , hidden in Maoping area.When he came to Maoping last time, Mao Zedong also met some of them.

Mao Zedong approached Yuan Wencai and asked him to notify the party leaders of the three counties who were hiding, taking refuge in Maoping, and persisting in the struggle to hold a meeting. For Yuan Wencai, this matter was not difficult, and he quickly notified these people. They were: Wang Huai, Liu Zhen, Liu Zuoshu, He Minxue, Zhu Changxi, and He Zizhen from Yongxin County; Liu Renkan; Long Chaoqing, Yuan Wencai, and Liu Huixiao from Ninggang County. The meeting place is Xiangshan Nunnery.This is an ancient nunnery built in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, with three buildings side by side and three entrances, nine halls and eighteen wells, carved beams and painted buildings, it is truly magnificent.During the Great Revolution, this was the habitat of Yuan Wencai's Peasant Self-Defense Army, and now it is the rear of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army.

The meeting was chaired by Mao Zedong, and the central topic was to restore and rebuild the border party organization and carry out mass armed struggle activities.It is known as the joint meeting of the heads of party organizations of the three counties in history. Regarding this meeting, He Minxue once recalled: "Mao Zedong first asked everyone to report the situation, and then gave everyone instructions on armed struggle and agrarian revolution, and asked everyone to go back and act quickly, establish party organizations, mobilize the masses to fight Local tyrants, allotment of land, and fundraising to consolidate and develop the local self-defense forces."

Liu Keyu, who was the head of the Ninggang County Party Committee at the time, also had a memory: "I did not attend the meeting of the heads of the party organizations of the three counties held by Mao Zedong in Xiangshan Nunnery. Later, the heads of the party organizations conveyed it. I remember: Mao Zedong said, now The counties must seize the time to rebuild the party organization. At present, the situation of the party organization is that there are too few workers and peasants and too many intellectuals, so the party organization is not consolidated, and the revolution is not firm.”

This is the first meeting of heads of party organizations held by Mao Zedong in Jinggangshan, which is of great significance to the creation of the Jinggangshan base area.After the meeting, mass guerrilla riots appeared in the three counties in which local tyrants were divided to distribute floating wealth, and party organizations at all levels were also restored and rebuilt in the struggle. The Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army rested for more than half a month in the "home" of Maoping, and the commanders and fighters recovered their spirits and were eager to try.

Therefore, Mao Zedong strategized and commanded the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants to strike out twice. The first target is Chaling County in Hunan Province.Mao Zedong saw the opportunity when Li Zongren, the new warlord of the Kuomintang, launched a war against Tang Shengzhi, most of the Hunan enemy was involved, and Chaling was empty. He devoted all his troops to attack, captured Chaling County in one fell swoop on November 18, and established Hunan Province on November 28. The first red regime on the Jiangxi border - the government of workers, peasants and soldiers in Chaling County.

The second target was Suichuan County in Jiangxi Province.Based on the intelligence that Suichuan was weak in defending the enemy, Mao Zedong personally led two battalions of the Revolutionary Army to make a long-distance raid. First, he severely damaged the tyrant Xiao Jiabi's troops in Dakeng, and avenged his defeat in Dafen; then on January 5, 1928 On January 24, Suichuan County was occupied, and the Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Government of Suichuan County was established on January 24, which was the second day of the first lunar month.At the founding meeting of the Suichuan County Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Government, Mao Zedong once picked out a couplet, changed a few words, and pasted it on both sides of the rostrum.The couplet is like this: When you exploited the workers and peasants, it was good to be good, and the profit made the profit; today I kill the poor, fear not, and the knife is added to the knife.

People looked at this pair of couplets, and there was an indescribable joy in their hearts. Two important military operations, one west and one east, established two revolutionary regimes in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces.The Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army is definitely different from the green forest heroes of the past! In fact, the real heroes of the green forest are the troops of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo. To transform them into a revolutionary team is not only the need to establish a base area, but also a very arduous task. When Mao Zedong discussed and decided to establish a revolutionary base in Jinggangshan from the Gucheng Conference, he determined the correct policy of uniting and transforming Yuan and Wang's troops.

Of course, some people want a simple solution. He Changgong recalled this way: "At the ancient city meeting, when discussing the policy for Yuan and Wang's troops, someone once proposed to disarm them and eliminate them. Their dozens of guns would be over as soon as they surrounded and disarmed. Mao Zedong Comrade said, it is easier said than done, you are too narrow-minded, your stomach is too small. We cannot adopt the policy of annexation where big fish eat small fish. There are still many friends in the three mountains and five mountains! Who in history can wipe out the bandits in the three mountains and five mountains? Three mountains and five mountains Uniting is always a big team. Comrade Mao Zedong convinced us that we should not only see the issue of dozens of people and dozens of guns. Become a real revolutionary armed force walking with us."

This is not without reason.Even though Yuan and Wang's troops are small in number, their weapons are not good, and their combat effectiveness is not very strong, but they are native warriors in the mountains and forests. They are familiar with the terrain and agile. It is really not an easy task to eliminate them.In addition, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army came from afar, and they are not familiar with the place where they live. If they want to gain a firm foothold here, they have to rely on their help. Many old comrades who participated in the struggle to open up the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base knew this very well: "Without the two of them, the establishment of the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base would not have been possible." ——Tan Zhenlin said. "If they oppose us, we will be untenable." - Yang Dezhi said. On the other hand, it is not impossible to unite and reform Yuan and Wang's troops. Speaking of which, Yuan Wencai, Wang Zuo and their subordinates are not bad in nature.Most of them were forced to go to Liangshan by the feudal warlords, landlords and tyrants who expropriated and extorted. For example, Yuan Wencai had the revenge of local tyrants seizing their wives and the government and army killing their mothers; For example, Wang Zuo had an enmity with Yin Daoyi, a reactionary tyrant in Suichuan, because he was an enemy of local tyrants and evil gentry. The nature of the team has changed. For example, Yuan Wencai joined the Communist Party of China during the Great Revolution.In short, Yuan and Wang's troops are different from those copycat bandits who roamed the mountains and forests, murdered and robbed them. They can be transformed into real revolutionary armed forces. The transformation of Yuan and Wang's troops first started with Yuan Wencai's troops, because the political quality of Yuan Wencai's troops was better than that of Wang Zuo's troops.They accepted the leadership of the Ninggang Branch of the Communist Party of China during the Great Revolution and participated in the armed riots that seized the county power. In mid-October 1927, when the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants arrived at Shuikou Town, Ling County, at the invitation of Yuan Wencai, Mao Zedong sent instructors such as You Xuecheng, Xu Yangang, Chen Bojun, and Jin Mengxiu to help Yuan Wencai train his troops. The Yuan Wencai Department, which is usually scattered and concentrated on occasions, is now all concentrated in the Baiyun Temple of Buyun Mountain in Maoping for training. Political education mainly focuses on current affairs, the situation and the way out of the revolution; military training focuses on shooting and basic formation. In order to make the army bid farewell to the image of "green forest hero" as soon as possible, Mao Zedong warned Yuan Wencai to start with organizational rectification.So Yuan Wencai made up his mind to clear out some wealthy children and unscrupulous elements, and recruited a group of class-conscious young people from Longshi and other places, which brought vitality to the team. When Yuan Wencai's troops were training in Buyun Mountain, Mao Zedong was living by Yangqiao Lake in Maoping to heal his foot injury and conduct social investigations.In his spare time, Mao Zedong visited Buyun Mountain.When the weather is good, he likes to sit on a hemp stone on the hillside on the right side of the training ground, reading books and newspapers while observing the training of soldiers. During training breaks, Mao Zedong often put down his books and newspapers and came among the soldiers. For self-defense soldiers who grew up in mountain villages and had no culture, Commissar Mao was a "college scholar".Therefore, they like to surround Mao Zedong and listen to him talk about the past and the present. Once, Mao Zedong talked about the "Fengshen Bang" with the soldiers: "There is a Tu Xingsun and Nezha in the "Fengshen Bang", do you all know?" Some of the soldiers nodded, while others shook their heads. Mao Zedong smiled: "Tu Xingsun and Nezha, who can go to the sky and enter the earth, and ride the clouds and fog, are all capable people!" Mao Zedong paused, and then asked humorously: "Do you have such skills?" The soldiers all laughed. They understood that Commissar Mao was encouraging everyone: train hard and become capable people. Another day, the soldiers of the Self-Defense Forces were cooking, and some soldiers were talking about the wild vegetables in the vegetable bowl. Mao Zedong came among the soldiers, and when he asked about it, he found out that it was because winter was coming and the number of troops increased, it became more and more difficult to eat vegetables, and sometimes he had to eat some wild vegetables. Mao Zedong said nothing. He put a spoonful of wild vegetables in a bowl and ate them with relish. "Commissioner Mao, can you bear this hardship?" a soldier asked. After Mao Zedong swallowed the wild vegetables, he said to everyone: "Although these wild vegetables are bitter, they are rich in political nutrition! When we are engaged in revolution, we have to suffer a lot. Without today's bitterness, how can we have tomorrow's sweetness?" Many people seem to understand the truth of Mao Zedong's words, but Mao Zedong's action of eating wild vegetables in person moved the soldiers deeply. You Xuecheng, Xu Yangang and others seized on the fact that "Commissioner Mao eats bitter vegetables", educated the troops, and actively advocated the spirit of hard work and hard work.Since then, the concept of suffering for the revolution has gradually formed in the minds of soldiers in the army. It is no easy task to train self-defense soldiers who are accustomed to being undisciplined and disciplined to become conscious and disciplined revolutionary fighters.Yuan Wencai relied on punishment to control the troops, while Mao Zedong emphasized ideological education while strict discipline.This made Yuan Wencai and his subordinates feel refreshed. One night, several soldiers returned to Buyun Mountain from Maoping. On the way, they heard ducks calling in the mountain. "It's so late, this duck will definitely be caught by the weasel, why don't we catch it back first." A soldier suggested. The others didn't say anything and just did it. The next day, the owner looked for the duck, and when he heard that soldiers from the Self-Defense Forces had captured it and slaughtered it, he said, "Forget it, anyway, they picked it up at night." When this matter was reported to Yuan Wencai, Yuan Wencai was very angry: "It's okay, call me those people!" However, Yuan Wencai went to Mao Zedong first to seek advice. After listening to Yuan Wencai's words, Mao Zedong asked, "What do you think should be done?" Yuan Wencai said without hesitation: "Of course we must be severely punished." Mao Zedong waved his hand: "It can't be like this, we still have to start with ideological education." Yuan Wencai suddenly realized: "Yes, we should use revolutionary discipline to educate." Yuan Wencai immediately called his subordinates to a meeting, and he solemnly educated everyone at the meeting: "We are a revolutionary army, and we must have strict revolutionary discipline. Committee Chairman Mao said in Jingzhu Mountain that workers and peasants should not take anything. Mao Zedong We must implement the discipline set by the committee members in a down-to-earth manner, and refrain from doing things that violate the interests of the masses. Only in this way can we gain the support of the masses and win the battle.” Yuan Wencai, who had never reasoned with his subordinates like this, turned out to be eloquent and reasonable, not only his subordinates, but also himself was surprised. The soldiers who slaughtered and ate the duck were extremely ashamed, and immediately made a self-criticism.After the meeting, they took the initiative to ask to go to the old cousin's house to give money and make amends. Yuan Wencai nodded happily: "Yes! It should be like this." Seeing Yuan Wencai's subordinates paying compensation and apologizing for a duck, the old cousins ​​were both novel and moved, and they all praised: "Commissioner Mao has educated really well, and now the Peasant Self-Defense Army has a solution." The military training at Buyun Mountain brought obvious changes to the appearance of Yuan Wencai's self-defense army, and the ideological and political awareness and military training level of the commanders and fighters were greatly improved.Yuan Wencai was deeply moved by this: "Commissioner Mao's experience in leading troops is truly amazing, and he is truly a central talent. I have convinced him, and I will follow him for the rest of my life!"