At the junction of Jiangxi and Hunan provinces, there is a Luoxiao mountain range. It starts from Tongcheng, Chongyang, and Tongshan in Hubei in the north, and ends in Nanxiong and Shixing in Guangdong in the south. It winds hundreds of kilometers along the border of Hunan and Jiangxi.And the middle section of the Luoxiao Mountains, centered on Ninggang, Jiangxi Province, is even more mountainous and dangerous.Most of the places here belong to high mountains and hilly areas, and the meandering mountains form majestic hills with their unique trends.For example, Wanyang Mountain in Ninggang, Tianlong Mountain and Wannian Mountain in Yongxin, Wugong Mountain in Lianhua, and Jiangxi’ao in Suichuan are all at an altitude of 1,000 to 1,500 meters. ) Lingfeng at the border with Jiangxi is as high as 2115 meters.Among the continuous mountains, there are many hills and semi-hilly basins. The fertile land and the humid subtropical climate make this area rich in grain, oil and products.The spring water flowing from the high mountains converges into countless streams and rivers, forming a rich water system.Of course, due to its remote location, traffic congestion, and relatively backward economy, at the beginning of the 20th century, it was still in a state of self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy.

In 1927, after the failure of the Great Revolution, Mao Zedong, Zhu De and other proletarian revolutionaries led the soldiers and civilians on the Hunan-Jiangxi border to establish China's first rural revolutionary base - Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base in the middle of the Luoxiao Mountains.This "red area" surrounded by heavy siege spans six counties and one mountain in two provinces, namely Jiangxi and Hunan provinces, Ninggang, Yongxin, Lianhua, and Suichuan in Jiangxi, and Lingxian and Chaling in Hunan. And other 6 counties, as well as Jinggangshan.In the heyday of the base area, it covered an area of ​​more than 7,200 square kilometers and had a population of more than 500,000. The separatist forces once expanded to a small part of Ji'an and Anfu in Jiangxi.Affected by the base areas, the fringe areas of Wan'an and Taihe counties in Jiangxi, Guidong and Zixing counties in Hunan all belonged to the outer barriers of the base areas.

The establishment of the Jinggangshan revolutionary base is a model of the combination of Marxism and Chinese revolutionary practice, and it is the starting point of the revolutionary road of "surrounding the city with the countryside and finally winning the whole country".From October 1927 to February 1930, a group of Chinese Communists represented by Mao Zedong, Zhu De, etc., used their courage and wisdom, their blood and lives, in Jinggangshan, a little-known place, He has made a great achievement-created China's first rural revolutionary base area; created China's first new type of people's army; established China's first rural red regime; summed up China's first set of people's war strategy and tactics; launched China's first land revolution movement.

In the final analysis, the Jinggangshan struggle represented the new direction of the Chinese revolution and gave birth to a new upsurge of the Chinese revolution.It opened up a unique road to bring the Chinese revolution to victory, that is, the road of "surrounding the cities with the countryside and seizing the national power with arms". The Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base can be said to be the cradle of the Chinese revolution, and it has a very important position in the history of the Chinese revolution. Comrade Zhu De called Jinggangshan "the first mountain in the world"; Comrade Peng Zhen called Jinggangshan "the cornerstone of the People's Republic of China".