Chapter 68 Chiang Kai-shek set up a "Hongmen Banquet"

August 10, 1945 was the day when the Japanese government formally issued a note of begging for peace to the Allies.An unprecedented scene of joy suddenly appeared in the land of China: Yan'an is boiling! The firecrackers in the mountain city of Chongqing were set off loudly! The people of Taiwan wept with joy, and everyone cried with their heads in their arms! However, before the descendants of Yan and Huang could vent their joy, they discovered that the clouds of civil war had begun to gather. On the second day after the Japanese surrender note, Chiang Kai-shek issued two orders in a row: one to his direct troops, "intensify the fight, actively advance, and not relax a little bit"; the other to the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, "Stay where they are Standby on standby."

Both were anti-Japanese troops, but Chiang Kai-shek had two orders and two levels of tune.A discerning person can tell what Xiao Jiujiu is in his heart at a glance. When the order was transmitted to Yan'an, people immediately wiped away their excited tears, suppressed their joyful smiles, calmed down, and protested. On August 13, Mao Zedong called Chiang Kai-shek in the name of Commander-in-Chief Zhu De: "We believe that you have made a mistake in this order, and it has been so wrong that we have to express to you: firmly reject this order." The August 16 telegram was even more hawkish:

"Of all the commanders-in-chief of the Allied countries, you are the only one who gave an absolutely wrong order. I think your mistake was caused by your selfishness, and it is of a very serious nature. That is to say, your order has beneficial to the enemy..." Soon, the perspective of the journalists who focused on the jubilant crowd turned to the dispute between "order" and "telegram". Xinhua News Agency's commentary came out.The title is "Chiang Kai-shek is Stirring Civil War".The comment said: "Chiang Kai-shek's 'order' has been provoking civil war from beginning to end. Its purpose is to find an excuse to turn to civil war immediately after the end of the Anti-Japanese War when domestic and foreign attention is focused on Japan's unconditional surrender. .”

The sky over the land of China was cloudy and foggy. In the cave dwellings of the senior leaders of Yan'an, the lights that never go out all night are transmitted again.In order to fight back against Chiang Kai-shek's conspiracy, Mao Zedong was anxiously thinking about how to send back to their posts as soon as possible the principals in charge of several major strategic areas who were still stranded in Yan'an due to their participation in the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China... At that time, Mao Zedong had no Modern transportation, if you rely on riding or walking, is not only unsafe, but more importantly, it takes dozens of days.

In an emergency, only emergency measures are used.Mao Zedong found Ye Jianying and asked him to come forward and try to "borrow" transportation from the Americans.At that time, a transport plane of the US military observation team stationed in Yan'an was parked at Yan'an Dongguan Airport. I don't know if the American soldiers are not as smart as the American politicians, or the members of the US military observation team stationed in Yan'an have feelings for the Yan'an people. Anyway, Ye Jianying "borrowed" in a relaxed tone, and the American personnel "responded" in a happy tone.

In the early morning of August 25, 20 cadres rushed to Yan'an Dongguan Airport.They are: Deng Xiaoping, Lin Biao, Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, Bo Yibo, Teng Daiyuan, Chen Geng, Xiao Jinguang, Yang Dezhi, Deng Hua, Li Tianyou, Jiang Hua, Nie Heting, Chen Xilian, Chen Zaidao, Wang Jinshan, Zhang Jichun, Song Shilun, Fu Qiutao, Deng Keming. At 9 o'clock, the plane took off.The air in the Yan'an High Command was extremely tense.Because this is an old Douglas transport plane, the hatch cannot be closed tightly, and the two propellers have to be pushed by people when they are started.If it is not done well, it may crash. Moreover, the plane is in danger of being shot down when it flies over the Japanese blockade.No matter what happens, the consequences will be unimaginable.Ye Jianying was fidgeting. You must know that all the elites of our party and army are riding on this board!Fortunately, it didn't take long before the news of "safe arrival" came from the headquarters of the 18th Group Army in Taihang Mountain, and Yan'an regained its ease.

Half a month later, Nie Rongzhen, Xiao Ke, Liu Lantao, and Luo Ruiqing also returned to the army by American plane.This time, the American plane that Nie Rongzhen took was a special trip to Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei to pick up the American pilots rescued by our side during the War of Resistance Against Japan. So far, the principal persons in charge of the CCP's major strategic areas have all returned to the front line smoothly, and their return has given the major strategic areas "backbone" and "leading geese".The stone hanging in Mao Zedong's heart fell to the ground.

Just when Yan'an seized the opportunity and took a series of measures to prevent accidents, a hydrangea was thrown from Chongqing to Yan'an after being hyped by the news and public opinion. On August 14, August 20, and August 23, Chiang Kai-shek sent three telegrams in succession, inviting Mao Zedong to go to Chongqing for negotiations. How did Yan'an react?What countermeasures did Yan'an take?Does Yan'an want peace? Immediately, the eyes of the people of the whole country and the attention of the international public opinion were attracted to Yan'an. On August 22, the first sentence of the editorial of "Ta Kung Pao" wrote: "The Anti-Japanese War has been won, but in the joy of victory, everyone is concerned about the attitude of Yan'an..." The drunkard's intention is not to drink, Chiang Kai-shek sent three telegrams to invite Mao Zedong to go to Chongqing to discuss state affairs. He did not really hope for peace, but he made his reasons sound high-sounding, singing higher and higher, his words more frank and public opinion stronger each time.

The reason is very simple. If Mao Zedong did not go, he would be able to put the hat of "no peace" on Yan'an under the watchful eyes of everyone. It is said that Chiang Kai-shek's brilliant move came from Wu Dingchang, one of the leaders of the Department of Political Science, who was then the civil servant of the Kuomintang government.It is said that this matter was done in secret, not only did not discuss with Chen Lifu, Chen Guofu and others before making the decision, even his secretary Chen Bulei did not foresee it. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek did this after spying on the movement in Yan'an and analyzing Mao Zedong's attitude.Their bold invitation and their relentless pursuit were basically based on the judgment that Mao Zedong would not leave Yan'an.

Their judgments are not without reason.During the entire eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, Mao Zedong never left Yan'an. Although he was a member of the National Assembly, he never went to Chongqing to attend the political meeting.Now that the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party is tense, he will not go to Chongqing.In addition, judging from the news sent by Zhou Liwu and Robert Lun, the liaison staff of the Nationalist Government in Yan'an, Mao Zedong "seemed to be cowardly." The liaison staff officer of the National Government in Yan'an was dispatched by the Military Command Department of the Military Commission of the National Government to the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army in 1938.According to regulations, the tasks of the Liaison Staff Officer are: to strengthen the connection between the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government and the Eighth Route Army, to understand the situation of the Eighth Route Army fighting in the front, to understand the actual losses of the Eighth Route Army's various units during the war, and to make them replenish in time.However, the liaison staff of the national government basically did not do these tasks, but focused on collecting various information on Yan'an and secretly reporting it to Chongqing.Of course, Yan'an knew that these so-called liaison officers were the eyes and ears of the Kuomintang government in the border area, but in order to take into account the overall situation of the Anti-Japanese War, they still treated them with courtesy.

On August 14, after Mao Zedong received the first invitation telegram from Chiang Kai-shek, he met Zhou Liwu and Robert Lun in Yan'an, and told them clearly that he was not planning to leave Yan'an at present. Naturally, Zhou Liwu and Robert Lun quickly told Chongqing about the interview, and based on their subjective judgment, they provided Chongqing with information that Mao Zedong "seemed to be cowardly". But Chongqing never expected that their "fake show is real", but Yan'an came to a "fake plan" at a critical moment. On the second day after receiving Chiang Kai-shek's third invitation telegram, Mao Zedong changed his initial attitude and decided to accept Chiang Kai-shek's "challenge" and replied to Chongqing: "I read the telegram. I am very kind. I am eager to meet with you to discuss the peaceful construction of the country. When the plane arrives, Comrade Enlai will immediately go to Chongqing to visit, and my younger brother will also go to Chongqing immediately. There is a time for teaching, and I hereby reply." . Of course, before Mao Zedong made this decision, he had already arranged everything properly.First of all, he has sent the commanders of the war zones back to their posts from Yan'an by means of an American plane; thirdly, he has also arranged for the post of Chairman of the Party Central Committee to be assigned to Liu Shaoqi during his departure from Yan'an. At the same time, Chen Yun and Peng Zhen were added as alternate secretaries of the Central Secretariat. Although Mao Zedong's safety had been guaranteed by the Soviet Union and the United States, Mao Zedong still made preparations that he would not come back. Mao Zedong's "big courage" not only won the hearts of the people and public opinion for the Communist Party, but also won a key point for his own personal charm in Chongqing in the future.