Chapter 64 The six senators "like sitting in the spring breeze" in Yan'an

In May 1945, the "Sixth National Congress" of the Kuomintang decided to convene a "National Congress" arranged by one party to counter the Chinese Communist Party's idea of ​​establishing a democratic coalition government, and stepped up preparations for an anti-communist and anti-people civil war.Under such circumstances, the Communist Party of China issued a solemn statement on June 16, 1945, resolutely opposing the so-called "National Assembly" of the Kuomintang, and announced that it would not participate in the upcoming National Political Council. The sharp confrontation and struggle between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have aroused deep worries among some democrats.They hope that through consultations, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party can re-cooperate and fight together.

Chiang Kai-shek saw that the Communist Party did not participate in the National Political Council and could not explain to the United States, let alone patriotic democrats and the people, so he hoped that someone would come out to help him lobby and urge the Communists to attend the Political Council. Under such circumstances, seven members of the National Political Council, Chu Fucheng, Huang Yanpei, Leng Yu, Wang Yunwu, Fu Sinian, Zuo Shunsheng, and Zhang Bojun (later Wang Yunwu fell ill and did not make the trip), called Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai expressed their desire to visit Yan'an.

In order to further expose the KMT's policy of dictatorship and civil war, and to expound the political views of the Communist Party, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai immediately decided to invite them to discuss state affairs after receiving the telegram from the senators.The invitation message reads as follows: ... If the people's desire for unity and the ardent appeals of the princes prompt the authorities to wake up, abandon the one-party dictatorship, hold party conferences, discuss and form a coalition government, and immediately implement the most urgent democratic reforms, then our party is all willing to negotiate.You are very welcome to come to Yan'an to give advice. When will you leave, please call first.Sweeping the couch and waiting, I can't say enough.

It can be seen from the telegram that the Yan'an side welcomes their arrival from the bottom of their hearts, and hopes to exchange for domestic peace. Most of these politicians are old intellectuals or party leaders. Most of them are older, with an average age of 60. influences. Yan'an made meticulous preparations for their reception. Every night, a grand banquet was arranged to entertain them and a cultural evening to express condolences. Senior leading cadres attended in turn to accompany them. On the afternoon of July 1st, seven senators arrived in Yan'an.Huang Yanpei later recalled:

2 Exit the south gate of Yan'an City, and go to the guest house in the Shan-Gan-Ning border region. On the afternoon of the second day, the members of the People's Political Council, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Lin Boqu, Liu Shaoqi, Zhang Wentian, Ren Bishi, and Wang Ruofei held formal talks with the six members. The atmosphere of the meeting was frank, natural and sincere.The two sides expressed their views, spoke freely, and discussed state affairs together, which was very harmonious.They talked about the purpose of coming to Yan'an, their views on the international and domestic situation, and their suggestions on the unity of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.Although the two sides have different opinions on some other important issues, their opinions are quite unified on the issue of the National Assembly.When the two sides talked about whether the Kuomintang and the Communist Party had any hope of renegotiating, Mao Zedong said humorously: The door of the two sides is not closed, but there is a big stumbling stone blocking the door. This big stone is the National Assembly.There was a burst of laughter.

After several talks, the two sides reached a consensus on the two points of stopping the National Assembly and convening a political meeting as soon as possible. On this basis, Yan'an put forward five suggestions.The five-point proposal not only contained the common views of the Communist Party of China and the six senators, that is, opposed to the Kuomintang’s true dictatorship and fake democracy, but also clearly stated our party’s position, pointing out the correct direction and direction for winning the War of Resistance and realizing the democratic construction of the country. step.Mao Zedong solemnly handed it over to the six senators and asked them to bring it to the Kuomintang authorities.

After the official talks, the senators also read the policy program of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government, and visited Yan'an city appearance, supply and marketing cooperatives, supply head office, credit cooperatives, banks, Yan'an University, Guanghua Farm, Japan Workers and Peasants School and Baota Mountain, etc. places of interest. Yan'an's spirit of being united and of one heart and one mind, the social atmosphere of not closing doors at night and not picking up lost items on the road, and the thriving development momentum of various undertakings all left a good impression on them.The Communist Party members are not "bandits" as the Kuomintang calls them. They are all steady, simple, humble, sincere, insightful, and knowledgeable. Living among them, they feel "like sitting in the spring breeze" as the ancients said.

After the visit, the six senators bid farewell to Yan'an with different feelings and understandings.After returning, their political thinking and understanding of Yan'an have improved to varying degrees.After Chiang Kai-shek launched the civil war, only Zuo Shunsheng and Fu Sinian followed Chiang Kai-shek and became counter-revolutionaries.Huang Yanpei, Zhang Bojun, and Leng Yu responded to the "May 1st" call of our party and participated in the new CPPCC meeting. After the founding of New China, they all served in the Central People's Government or the CPPCC National Committee.Chu Fucheng died before liberation and maintained a good evening.

As for Mr. Huang Yanpei, the trip to Yan'an was a turning point in his life. Mr. Huang Yanpei is a famous educator. In 1917, after visiting the United States, he returned to China and founded the China Vocational Education Society, which later formed a political faction in political life, the vocational sect.Although he was dissatisfied with the one-party dictatorship of the Kuomintang, he still had illusions about it, and he was a typical centrist.After the Anti-Japanese War, he served as a member of the National Political Council and participated in mediating the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party many times.This time when he went to Yan'an, he only came to Yan'an with the wish to resume talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and he didn't know much about the Chinese Communist Party and the liberated areas.After personally experiencing Yan'an, he witnessed the Communist Party's governance policies and the achievements of the liberated areas. He gradually got to know the Communist Party and the liberated areas.After returning to Chongqing, he wrote the book "Return from Yan'an", which recorded his personal experience in detail, which not only changed his thinking and understanding, but also gave a blow to the Kuomintang reactionaries' various rumors and slanders.Hundreds of thousands of copies of this book were printed, and it had a huge political impact in the rear areas and in the enemy-occupied areas of Hong Kong and Shanghai. In December 1945, he organized the establishment of the "Democratic Construction Association", and finally embarked on the correct path guided by the Chinese Communist Party.