Chapter 47 Mao Zedong saluted and apologized

Just when Kang Sheng was trying his hand and enthusiastically promoting his "rescue experience", the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China noticed this problem. On July 1, 1943, Mao Zedong, who had experienced the expansion of anti-revolutionaries in the Soviet area, wrote to Kang Sheng, pointing out that the correct line of anti-rape work is: The chief is responsible, does it himself, combines the leading backbone with the masses, combines general calls with individual guidance, investigates and studies, distinguishes right from wrong, wins over those who make mistakes, trains cadres, educates the masses, and strictly prohibits "coercion, confession, and belief."But Kang Sheng did not implement it.

After understanding the situation, Ren Bishi found that "coercion, confession, and trust" were serious, so he reported it to Mao Zedong in time, and suggested that the development of the situation must be stopped immediately. Zhou Enlai, who had been working in Chongqing, returned to Yan'an on July 16. After witnessing what Kang Sheng had done, he solemnly said: As of 1943, there were more than one hundred thousand members of the Kuomintang, including about 30,000 student party members, mainly after 1940. developed.The Kuomintang will never send all 30,000 student party members to Yan'an, not to mention that most of the intellectuals who came to Yan'an came in 1937 and 1938.The view that 80% of the new intellectuals are spies should be rejected.I am aware of the situation of the Sichuan Party, and I have never heard of any "Red Banner Party".Be sure to screen.

On August 15, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formulated the "Decision on Examination of Cadres" based on the correct line of anti-rape proposed by Mao Zedong.But at this time, as Chiang Kai-shek was encircling the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area with more troops, under the situation of dark clouds overwhelming the city, Mao Zedong still had a serious estimate of the enemy situation in the border area. On October 9, Mao Zedong realized the seriousness of the situation after reading the materials of the Suide anti-rape struggle meeting. brake. At the end of 1943, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to screen those under investigation one by one.

In the spring of 1944, the border region government established a special screening committee to screen and rehabilitate comrades who had been wronged, and to investigate and study the "secret agents" found during the movement, screening them one by one.Since then, the screening work has been organized and led successively from Yan'an to Suide, Guanzhong, Longdong and other places. In order to prevent mistakes in future interrogation work, after the screening work began, the Social Affairs Department of the Northwest Bureau formulated the "Interrogation Work Regulations", emphasizing that interrogation should focus on evidence, investigation and research, and do not trust oral confessions. Coercion, confession, and belief are strictly prohibited.

After screening, more than 90% of the spies dug up according to Kang Sheng's deployment were unjust, false and wrongly decided cases.Mao Zedong instructed all units to "rescue" those wearing the wrong hat on any occasion, and take it off on the original occasion. The letter pointed out that we must adhere to the correct line in the work of interrogating cadres, and oppose the wrong practice of "extorting confessions." Mao Zedong, the leader of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, took the initiative to take responsibility for the problems that occurred during the movement and criticized himself many times.

On New Year's Day in 1944, Wang Zheng, who led the communication and liaison work, led a group of cadres who were mistaken to pay New Year's greetings to Mao Zedong.Mao Zedong said to them: "This Yan'an trial was originally for you to take a bath, but too much gray manganese oxygen was put in, which burned your delicate skin. This is not good. Today, I salute you, you guys Go back and work hard." On February 15, 1945, in a speech at the Central Party School, Mao Zedong said, "Who is responsible for these mistakes? I am responsible, because I am the one who gives the orders. I will apologize."

At the Seventh Congress of the Communist Party of China, Mao Zedong once again publicly criticized himself for the expansion of cadres in the trial process.He said that our various regions have gone through detours in the anti-revolutionary movement, and I have also gone through detours.This rectification review has caused some comrades to suffer grievances.He raised his right hand and said heavily, "I apologize to you! If you don't understand, I won't be able to let go of my hand." This kind of mind of Mao Zedong deeply moved the representatives present, and there was warm applause at the venue.

However, Kang Sheng, who was directly responsible for the "rescue movement", never admitted his mistakes. At a meeting, some comrades criticized the mistakes of the "rescue movement". Kang Sheng also argued: "Strict censorship is absolutely necessary" and "This is how the Soviet Party did it." Although Kang Sheng did not admit his mistake, he hit a wall in his small test of skill, which shows that Yan'an does not yet have the soil for his "left" policy to survive. After a short period of chaos, Yan'an has regained its original vigor and vitality.The rectification movement has returned to its original melody: only thinking is punished, not people.