Chapter 42 Wang Ming in the Rectification Movement: "Never bow to flattery when there is chaos alone"

When the whole party was carrying out the rectification movement with the core content of opposing dogmatism, Wang Ming himself, the main representative of Wang Ming's dogmatic mistakes, wrote an intriguing poem "Recalling" in Yan'an Central Hospital on February 16, 1942. The Qijue of Peony.The poem says: Grace and arrogance are extraordinary, but lotus, chrysanthemum and plum orchid are not to be missed. It is awe-inspiring to fight for integrity, and never bows to flattery alone. Since the ancient saying "poetry expresses aspirations", Wang Ming immediately wrote a poem about peony after Mao Zedong put forward the wind of rectification and criticized dogmatism. It was obvious what kind of emotion he was expressing.

After the party's senior cadres began to rectify, on September 10, 1941, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held an enlarged meeting to discuss the party's history, especially the historical issues in the later period of the Second Civil Revolutionary War. At the meeting, some comrades who had committed "Left" errors in the past made sincere self-criticism. Zhang Wentian was the first to make a self-criticism. He said that the line of the Soviet movement in the later period was wrong. It was "left" opportunism in politics, adventurism in military affairs, sectarianism in organization, subjectivism and dogmatism in ideology. He took his own responsibility, determined to make up lessons, and asked to go to the villages near Yan'an to conduct field investigations. On January 26, 1942, he left Yan'an for investigation.

("Liberation Daily", Bo Gu served as the president) Since returning to Yan'an, Bo Gu has served as the president of the "Liberation Daily". know.He made two speeches at the meeting.He said: I was mainly responsible for the mistakes from 1932 to 1935.At the Fourth Plenary Session of the Fourth Central Committee, Jiaxiang, Wang Ming and others opposed the dogmatism of the Lisan line, and we also opposed it from the "left" point of view. It was foreign dogma that opposed local dogma.At that time, we had no practical experience at all. What we learned in the Soviet Union was the philosophical dogma of Deborinism, and we transferred some Soviet dogma and Western European party experience to China. In the past, many party resolutions were copied from the international.After the Xi'an Incident, I began to feel that the mistakes of this period were political mistakes.It was only after I went to Chongqing to translate and school "The History of the Communist Party of China" that I felt some of the subjectivist mistakes in thinking methods.

He said: Have the courage to study the mistakes of the past, and hope to gradually overcome them with everyone's help. Wang Jiaxiang summed up the root causes of subjectivism. He said that apart from the social reasons in China, “it is lack of experience. People who have learned some theories but have no practical work experience tend to be dogmatists. They came back from the Moscow Comintern and have no practical work experience. people are more likely to be dogmatists." Li Weihan and others also checked. But Wang Ming did not make self-criticism. In his speech on September 12, he insisted that "the political line of the Fourth Plenary Session is correct." His classmates from Sun Yat-Sen University came.He said that Bogu was "the main person responsible for the mistakes in the later period of the Soviet Union", and he wrote off his mistakes in giving orders in Moscow, and shifted the responsibility to Bogu.He also said that Li Weihan's self-criticism was not sincere, and he wanted to let it go.

His approach aroused the dissatisfaction of the comrades present at the meeting. At the beginning of October 1941, Dimitrov, head of the Communist International, sent a harsh telegram to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, asking 15 questions in a row, aiming at Mao Zedong’s uncompromising stance towards Chiang Kai-shek since the “Southern Anhui Incident” and the outbreak of the Soviet-German War After Mao Zedong's indifferent attitude towards the Soviet Union's request for help.Questions include: What measures does the CCP plan to take to actively attack Japan militarily on the Chinese battlefield while fascist Germany continues to attack the Soviet Union?

Mao Zedong handed the telegram to Wang Ming, asked for his opinion, and decided to discuss how to reply the telegram. Wang Ming seemed to have grasped a life-saving straw. On the evening of October 7, when Mao Zedong, Wang Jiaxiang, Ren Bishi, Chen Yun and other comrades came to talk to him, Wang Ming counterattacked, accusing "the central government's past policy (referring to the policy since the Luochuan Conference—the quoter's note) is wrong." ", "too left".And said, "When the Soviet Union and China are extremely difficult now, it is necessary to establish a good relationship with the bourgeoisie. It is not good to only have the national bourgeoisie in the administrative program of the border area and the "On New Democracy." "It is a policy of self-isolation ".

Since 1939, the diehards of the Kuomintang have passively resisted Japan and actively opposed the Communist Party, causing friction everywhere and killing Communists.At the beginning of the year, the Southern Anhui Incident occurred again, aggressively attacking the New Fourth Army that was being transferred in southern Anhui. Nearly 10,000 New Fourth Army headquarters were wiped out, and the commander Ye Ting was detained. Chiang Kai-shek publicly declared the New Fourth Army a rebel army and canceled its designation.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China couldn't bear it anymore and decided to take an offensive both politically and militarily, and repeatedly persuaded the Soviet Union not to provide aid to the Kuomintang.However, the Soviet Union has always placed too much emphasis on the strength of the Kuomintang, trying to alleviate the Soviet Union’s worries through the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. At the expense of the interests of the Chinese Communist Party, it actively advocates that the CCP should calm down and calm down, and should not actively break up the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Mao Zedong were disappointed with the attitude of the Soviet Union and the Comintern.After research and discussion, Mao Zedong decided to launch a full-scale political attack on the Kuomintang, exposing the crimes of the Kuomintang diehards sabotaging the War of Resistance and substituting division for unity; while taking a defensive position in the military, making preparations to crush the Kuomintang's large-scale military offensive, and conducting "reasonable , beneficial, and restrained" struggle.Under the powerful political offensive of the Communist Party, Chiang Kai-shek lost his reason in front of the people and had to say that "there will be no military to suppress the Communist Party in the future."Mao Zedong issued an order to rebuild the New Fourth Army, so that Chiang Kai-shek "could not steal the chicken but lose the rice".This shows that it is correct to wage the necessary struggle against the big bourgeoisie so that the national united front can be truly maintained.

Wang Jiaxiang, Ren Bishi, Chen Yun, etc. present also criticized Wang Ming and hoped that he would correct his mistakes. Mao Zedong immediately refuted Wang Ming's accusation. He pointed out: "It's not that the party's policies are too left, but that your views, Wang Ming, are too right, and you have made too many concessions to the big bourgeoisie. It's just that the concessions can't be made well. of." On October 8, the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee held a working meeting in Yangjialing.In his speech at the meeting, Wang Ming still insisted on his opinion on the evening of the 7th, but slightly modified some places. He said: "We should establish a good relationship with the Kuomintang. Some of our local policies are too 'left', which hinders unification. The front line." He advocated that the class struggle should adopt a new method in the future, so that the party does not stand at the front line of the struggle, but the broad masses come forward, and the party is in the arbitration position.

Carry out the rectification movement.The picture shows Mao Zedong talking with senior party cadres about rectifying the style of study, party style, and writing style in Yan'an. After Wang Ming spoke, the comrades at the meeting immediately criticized him.Mao Zedong pointed out several mistakes made by Wang Ming in his work in Wuhan: "(1) The problem of assessing the situation—mainly showing blind optimism; (2) The problem of the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party—ignoring the independence and struggle under the united front; (3) The problem of military strategy——Wang Ming encouraged the opposition to Luoyang. (4) Organizational issues——The relationship between the Yangtze River Bureau and the Central Committee is extremely abnormal. Telegrams are often sent to the Central Committee and the former General Assembly in the name of individuals, and some are indicative telegrams. .Many documents were published in the name of the central government without the consent of the central government. These are extremely wrong."

Other comrades also raised the line of the Politburo meeting in December, and the "Xinhua Daily" refused to publish "On Protracted War". In response to these criticisms, Wang Ming explained and refuted, arguing that he "has a correct line, but made mistakes on individual issues, and objectively formed semi-independence." Because Wang Ming did not admit his mistakes, and raised such a major issue as the central government making "leftist" mistakes, at the end of the meeting, Mao Zedong expressed the hope that Wang Ming's opinions on the mistakes made in Wuhan before the Sixth Plenary Session and on current political issues would be discussed in the political circle. explained at the board meeting. Wang Ming originally knew that Mao Zedong was dissatisfied with his performance in the early days of the War of Resistance, and thought that Mao Zedong would take the opportunity to settle accounts with him. Therefore, based on the telegram, he decided to go all out and fight with his back in order to succeed.But Wang Ming miscalculated the situation again, "being clever is misunderstood by cleverness". After the meeting, Wang Ming went into shock and fell ill in panic. Cannot attend the Politburo meeting on October 12.From then on, Wang Ming did not show up during the entire rectification period. On February 16, 1942, he wrote the poem "Recalling Peony".