Chapter 7 Chapter 6 Stone Head Gunshots

Shishou is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, in the southwest of Hubei Province, bordering Jianli in the east, public security in the west, Huarong and Anxiang in Hunan in the south, and Jiangling in the north.The rivers and rivers in the territory are vertical and horizontal, the mountains stand tall, the reeds on the beaches are endless, and the Yangtze River runs through the whole territory.Since ancient times, there have been two mouths of the Yangtze River, two of which are in Shishou.One of these two mouths is Ouchikou, and the other is Tuningkou. At the end of 1926, the Shishou County Farmers Association Congress was held.The meeting elected Li Liangyao as the executive chairman of the Preparatory Committee of the County Farmers Association, Xu Yaogeng as the vice chairman, and Liao Xueyu, Li Hengjiu, and Wang Ziying as members.The meeting decided to quickly establish and improve farmers' associations in all districts and townships of the county, set up women's associations, boy groups and other groups, respectively form county, district and township peasant self-defense forces; mobilize the masses to fight against local tyrants and distribute floating wealth.By May 1927, farmers' associations had been established in 108 townships throughout the county, with more than 80,000 members, accounting for 45 percent of the county's total population.On this basis, the county agricultural plan established the headquarters of the Peasant Self-Defense Army.With Xu Yaogeng as the commander-in-chief, the self-defense army has more than 600 people and more than 300 guns.

Because Shishou is located at the junction of Hunan and Hubei provinces, there are many members of the Gelaohui and bandits. The big bandit nicknamed "Grandma Chen" owns four to five thousand bandits and endangers one side.The Peasant Self-Defense Forces encircled and suppressed Granny Chen and other bandits, and executed Granny Chen, Yang Hejian, Yuan Sanjiu, and Ai Donggou.For a time, people were very happy. Just as the Shishou Peasant Association was booming, the new warlord Yang Sen's troops went eastward along the Yangtze River. When the troops of the warlord marched from Ouchikou to Wangeng, the peasant self-defense forces of Shishou, Gong'an, and Huarong counties intercepted Yang Sen's troops in Leopard. In the end, Yang Sen's men did not dare to enter these three counties.

At the beginning of May 1927, a public trial meeting of local tyrants and evil gentry was held in Guandi Temple in Shishou County, attended by more than 10,000 people. The meeting was presided over by Li Liangyao.After the public trial, Xu Yaogeng commanded the Peasant Self-Defense Forces to execute the 8 local tyrants Yuan Shengbiao, Bi Dongfan, Bi Chengxin, Hu Huanzhang, Hu Pengzhang, Wang Huchen, and Qu Ruitang, who had captured and dominated Shishou County. The revolutionary actions of Li Liangyao and other Communist Party members and peasant associations caused extreme hatred among the local tyrants and evil gentry, the Kuomintang rightists, and the reactionary officers in the Northern Expedition Army. In a place called Chaishanbao, Xu Yaogeng, who had returned to the county from Tuixiankou, was killed.

After the "Ma Ri Incident", Liao Xueyu, Secretary of the Tiaoxiankou Party Branch, Commander of the Tuixiankou Branch of the County Peasant Self-Defense Army Headquarters, and a Communist Party member, was killed by the Huarong County regiment defense bureau. Three pieces of Guangyang were sold to Huarong's family of Chinese medicine arresters, their heads were cut off, and they were hung in a post in Tashi for three days. After the Wang Group "divided the Communist Party", Yang Sen's men took the head of the stone.Shishou gentry Zhang Jiachun, Chen Jiadian, Yuan Fujie, Huang Hetang, Qin Guangjing, Ye Bingzhang, Liu Songyang, etc. set up regiment defense bureaus and regiment training teams to attack party organizations and mass organizations in various places in Shishou and carry out counterattacks.Almost all party organizations and mass organizations were destroyed and disbanded, most of the self-defense armed forces of workers and peasants were confiscated, and the vigorous revolutionary movement was greatly destroyed.Some weak-minded elements withdrew from the revolutionary ranks.Li Liangyao, Wu Xianzhou, Qu Chunyang, Li Hengjiu, etc. moved to Heiyugou, Zhengjiatai, and Dongjiatai areas at the mouth of Xiaohe, and went underground.

After Li Liangyao attended the meeting about the Autumn Harvest Riot held by Liu Zhiwu at the Public Security Bureau in mid-August, he returned to Shishou and held a meeting at Dongjiatai in Xiaohekou to convey the spirit of the meeting.Qu Chunyang, Feng Shihua, Li Hengjiu, Wu Xianzhou and others attended the meeting.Li Liangyao conveyed to the participants the spirit of the "August 7th" meeting of the Communist Party of China and the instructions of the Hubei Provincial Committee and the Special Committee of Western Hubei on the riots.The participants studied the plan of the Stone Head riot together.

Li Liangyao said: "According to the spirit of the superiors and the actual situation in Shishou, in order to win the riot, it is necessary to mobilize the masses of workers and peasants to fight and build their own armed forces." A riot plan was drawn up at the meeting.The plan reads: Confiscate the property and all land of the local tyrants and evil gentry, prepare for widespread riots in the countryside, develop peasant armed forces during the riots, and establish the regime of peasant associations. The meeting decided to quickly establish an armed force.Develop with the peasant self-defense army led by Wu Xianzhou as the main body.At the same time, a division of labor was carried out, and members of the county party committee went deep into the new factory, new wharf, Xiaohekou, Taohuashan and other places to prepare for the riot.

When Li Liangyao arrived at the new factory, as a tax collector of the Kuomintang, he secretly colluded with Liu Jimin, Zhao Lianzhang, Wang Yonghuai, Li Haoran and other Communist Party members of the new factory to restore the party organization here.Qu Chunyang went to the area of ​​Yuanjiapu and Laijiapu, where the masses had a relatively good foundation. There used to be an armed force led by the peasant association. After Qu Chunyang's hard work, this armed force quickly recovered.Wu Xianzhou arrived at Peach Blossom Mountain, Feng Shihua arrived at Xiaohekou, and Li Jiuheng arrived at Xindao.They secretly mobilized the masses, established armed forces, and sent people into the enemy's interior to find out information and instigate rebellion.

After some hard work, Li Liangyao and others decided to stage a riot, and chose the target of the riot to be the Tashi Yituan Defense Bureau.Tashi Station is located at the junction of Shishou, Jianli and Huarong counties in Hunan and the two provinces of Hunan and Hubei. It is under the joint management of Shishou, Jianli and Huarong.When you hit Tashi Station, you can advance or retreat.There are more than 20 regiment defense personnel stationed in Shita City Post.In May 1927, the regiment defense here was once armed by the peasant self-defense army. Although the arsenal and weapons were added later, these regiment members still had lingering fears about the peasant armed forces.

One night in mid-September, Wu Xianzhou and Qu Chunyang led more than 300 peasant self-defense troops to launch an attack on the Tashi Yituan Defense Bureau, firing the first shot of the Shishou riot.The peasant self-defense army attacking Tashiyi was divided into four groups. Wu Xianzhou and Qu Chunyang took the lead and rushed into the regiment defense bureau. The regiment members of the regiment defense bureau were all in a dream.More than 20 regiment members were captured alive, and all weapons and ammunition were seized.On the same day, Qu Chunyang and Wu Xianzhou led a riot team to enter Yuanjiapu by night, confiscated more than a dozen guns from the Dike Works Bureau located in Yuanjiapu, and killed Liu Litian, the director of the Dike Works Bureau, Wen Tianfu, a local tyrant, and others.

The success of the riots in Tashiyi and Yuanjiapu greatly encouraged the rusticity of the rioters.Li Liangyao, Feng Shihua, Qu Chunyang, etc., together with Huarong Xie Shuangcheng who lived in seclusion in Shishouchai Wharf, organized peasant armed forces to simultaneously stage riots in Xinchang, Xindao, Hekou, Jiaoshan River, Jiufogang and other places, arresting and killing dozens of local tyrants and evil gentry , and hundreds of guns were obtained. At the end of September, the Hubei Provincial Committee sent Li Zhaolong, Secretary of the Labor Movement of the Huanggang Prefectural Committee and a special commissioner of the Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, to Shishou to strengthen the leadership of the struggle against the autumn violence.

After Li Zhaolong arrived in Shishou, he listened to the reports and suggestions of Li Liangyao and others. Li Liangyao said: "The riot has achieved initial victory, but it is not easy to fundamentally shake the enemy's rule. The mutual cooperation of the riot forces in various counties should be strengthened, and mutual support and support should be formed to form a force. Otherwise, the results of the riot will not be consolidated. There are more than 20 counties in western Hubei. Due to inconvenient transportation and difficult communication, they all operate independently. In this way, the forces against the enemy are scattered and weak." Li Zhaolong said, "What's your opinion?" Li Liangyao said: "I exchanged opinions with the leaders of the county committees in several surrounding counties on the spot. Everyone felt that a central county committee should be established to jointly lead the riots in each county." Li Zhaolong agreed to Li Liangyao's suggestion. On November 15, with the consent of the West Hubei Special Committee, Li Zhaolong held an enlarged meeting of county party committee secretaries in Dongjiatai, Xiaohekou. More than 20 people attended the meeting, and formally established the Shishou Central County Committee. The central county committee governs Shishou, public security, Jianli, Jiangling, Huarong, Nanxian, and Anxiang 7 counties.At the meeting, Li Zhaolong was elected as the secretary of the county party committee, Duan Dechang of Nanxian County as the deputy secretary, Liu Gefei of Huarong as the head of organization, Li Liangyao as the head of propaganda, and Chen Zhiping of Huarong as secretary. The members included Qu Chunyang, Feng Shihua, Li Hengjiu, Wu Xianzhou, Li Daosheng, and Zhao Xiemin , Liu Xiafeng, Mao Tingshun, Deng Bai and others. The meeting decided to use the guerrillas led by Wu Xianzhou as the main force to open up base areas in Taohuashan, Jiangbei, and Xiaohekou in Shishou, form an armed separatist situation, and then develop to the outside world. Although the Shishou Central County Committee was under the leadership of Western Hubei, but because the special committee was located in Shashi, which was tightly controlled by the enemy, it was difficult to communicate with each other. The Central County Committee sent Liu Gefei to Wuhan to directly ask the provincial party committee for instructions. On November 15, the Provincial Party Committee handed over the document "The Central Committee to the Provincial Party Committees of Hubei and Hunan" to Liu Gefei to bring back.Liu Gefei secretly hid the documents at the bottom of the biscuit box and brought them to Shishou.The document requires the Shishou Central County Party Committee to "lead the peasants to separate the police and Shishou within a very short period of time." Li Zhaolong received instructions from the Provincial Party Committee, that is to use the guerrilla led by Wu Xianzhou as the main force, with the cooperation of farmers, to attack the Tuxiankou and Xiaohekou in Shishou, Shangdongwan, Xiadongwan, Zhuhe and Huarong in Jianli. The brick bridge launched an attack, wiped out the regiment defenses in these places, and made this area a situation of armed peasant separatism.Then, in Taohua Mountain bordering Huarong, Yang Botan bordering Jianli, Mabuguai bordering Jiangling, Guchangdi bordering Public Security, and other places, secret organizations of the CCP were established to mobilize secretly. At this moment, Duan Yulin, a farmer's son who is well-versed in martial arts, came to Shishou and established an armed force of more than 20 people in the area of ​​Xinchang.After Li Zhaolong learned about it, he immediately sent someone to get in touch with him.Afterwards, a meeting of the central county party committee was held at Xiaohekou, at which a plan for a riot on both sides of the Jingjiang River was drawn up.And in accordance with the No. 2 Circular of the Special Committee of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee, the guerrillas led by Wu Xianzhou were reorganized into the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants. At this time, Liu Heding and Yan Jun of the 18th Army of the Guangxi Clique entered the area of ​​Jiangling and Shishou, and the arrogance of the local tyrants, evil gentry and bandits who had been beaten down by the rioting team became more arrogant. However, the riot plan of the Shishou Central County Committee did not change.