Chapter 2 Chapter 2 "Pathfinder" Expansion Red Chip Materials - Secret Preparation

June 25, 1934.The Communist International sent a reply to the Central Soviet Area through the Shanghai CCP Intelligence Station: Agreeing with the CCP Central Committee’s request for instructions on preparing to implement a strategic transfer.It clearly pointed out that the transfer action should first tend to preserve its strength, and consolidate and expand itself under the new conditions, so as to wait for a wide-ranging offensive against imperialism and the Kuomintang. After receiving the reply from the Communist International, the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting and decided that Bogu, Li De, and Zhou Enlai would form a "three-person group" to be responsible for the planning of the strategic transfer.Politics is in charge of Bo Gu, military affairs are in charge of Li De, and Zhou Enlai is responsible for supervising the implementation of military plans.

At the time, it was the top secret of the party.The secretariat decided to only transfer the consent of the Comintern to the very few top leaders of the party, government and military agencies.And it was announced that "the communication scope of the breakout is limited to the members of the Political Bureau and the Revolutionary Military Committee". This is a discipline that no one may violate. In this way, the Central Soviet Area and the Red Army troops are still adopting the tactics of short-term assaults, defending the entire frontline at the center and edge of the Soviet Area to prevent the enemy from attacking; the party, government and military organs appear to be working normally. The secret preparations before the transfer are being carried out openly...

In central Fujian in July, the weather is already quite hot.A Red Army unit that looks quite tired but still has high morale is rushing eastward among the mountains, rivers and dense forests in central Fujian. There are about 6,000 people in this army, two-thirds of them are fighters, and their weapons and equipment are obviously insufficient. There are only 1,200 or 300 rifles and pistols, a small number of light and heavy machine guns, and five or six mortars. Broadsword and spear.There were about 2,000 non-combatants, carrying more than 500 loads of propaganda materials, logistics supplies, cooking utensils, etc., and their actions were quite slow, which affected the speed of the eastward march.

This unit is the Seventh Corps of the Red Army, which is known as the "Red Army Northward Anti-Japanese Advance Team".They set off from Ruijin on the evening of July 6, and began the mission of the anti-Japanese advance team going north.In the past few days, they crossed Changting, crossed Liancheng, passed through Yong'an, captured Datian County, and crossed the Minjiang River east of Youxi.Now, they have fully entered the vicinity of Taniguchi, which belongs to the White Zone. At this time, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission suddenly called to change the original plan, ordering the Red Seventh Army to advance eastward from the Tanikou area, occupy Shuikou, threaten and take the opportunity to attack Fuzhou.This telegram from the Central Revolutionary Military Commission made the leaders of the Seventh Red Army feel both sudden and embarrassed.So it was decided to conduct research.

At the beginning of July, the Red Seventh Army was ordered to return to Ruijin from the Liancheng area of ​​Fujian to stand by.Several main leaders of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission and military adviser Li De met with the leaders of the legion and announced that the advance team of the Red Army going northward to resist Japan would be formed by the Seventh Army. The political commissar of the Legion, Zeng Hongyi was the representative of the Central Committee, and three members formed the Military Committee of the Red Seventh Army; Liu Ying, Director of the Political Department of the Legion, and Su Yu, Chief of Staff of the Legion.

The main tasks assigned by the leaders of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission are: the anti-Japanese advance team going north immediately dispatched to Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces to publicize our party's anti-Japanese proposition and promote the development of the anti-Japanese movement; In order to support the mass uprisings in several counties of the area and develop the revolutionary situation there. In order to publicize the anti-Japanese war and support southern Anhui, the central government has made some preparations: published documents such as "Declaration for the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army Going Northward to Anti-Japanese War", "Letter to the Peasants of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army's Northward Anti-Japanese Advance Team", and printed more than 1.6 million copies Anti-Japanese propaganda materials, etc.The central government asked the Red Seventh Army to go out immediately after three or four days of rest.

The leaders of the Red Seventh Army did not know that as early as May at the "small meeting" of the Central Committee, Bo Gu proposed a plan to send two advance teams to the north in the name of anti-Japanese, as the main force of the Red Army to break through the tentative plan. The direct purpose of sending the Seventh Red Army was to threaten the heartland of the Kuomintang with this action, to attract and mobilize some of the enemies who "encircled and suppressed" the Central Soviet Area, and to cooperate with the upcoming strategic shift of the main Red Army.As Su Yu, Chief of Staff of the Legion, said decades later: "When the leading comrades of the Central Committee met us, they did not explain this strategic intention... At that time, they did not know about this important strategic intention of the Central Committee." When attacking Fuzhou's telegram, the head of the Xunhuaizhou Army was worried about insufficient strength and weak firepower, and was not sure whether such a force could take down a big city like Fuzhou.But he has no real power, and his words don't count.Le Shaohua, the political commissar of the Legion, who has always been domineering and unscrupulous, blindly implemented the orders of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, refused to combine practical and positive suggestions, and insisted on attacking Fuzhou.

The sudden appearance of the Red Seventh Army in central Fujian caused great shock to Chiang Kai-shek, and he urgently dispatched troops to strengthen the defense of Fuzhou.When the Red Seventh Army held the "August 1st" commemorative meeting in Shuikou, it mobilized to attack Fuzhou.Although the troops were in high spirits, they were attacked by enemy planes while marching from Shuikou to Fuzhou on August 2, causing some casualties. On the evening of August 7, the attack on Fuzhou was launched. Due to insufficient understanding of the enemy's strength and fortifications, lack of siege methods, and inability to attack fortified battles, coupled with the repeated bombing of the Red Army's positions by enemy planes, there was no way to enter the city. In the future, the leaders of the Seventh Red Army had to decide to withdraw from the battle and move to eastern Fujian.

When the Red Seventh Army entered the Beishiling and Taoyuan areas, they fought fiercely with the enemy's Eighty-seventh Division chasing the Red Army, forming a confrontation.The enemy reinforcements came, and the Red Seventh Army had to withdraw from the battle again.Although many enemy troops were killed and wounded, the Red Army also lost several division and regiment cadres. The attack on Fuzhou this time brought great difficulties to the future actions of the Seventh Red Army.When the Red Seventh Army just crossed the Minjiang River, it was so powerful that the enemy couldn't figure out its specific strength.The Battle of Fuzhou exposed that the Red Army was just a small containment force.Since then, the enemy has been chasing and intercepting the Red Seventh Army crazily, making it impossible to mobilize and change the enemy's strategic situation.

Later, the Red Seventh Army moved to eastern Fujian and northern Fujian, marched into western Zhejiang, and moved in the Anhui and Jiangxi borders. At the end of October, it arrived in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi Soviet Areas. Together with the Red Tenth Army and local armed forces led by Fang Zhimin, they jointly formed the Red Tenth Army. Leading cadres have also been adjusted.There are 3 divisions under the regiment.The task after the reorganization of the regiment is: the 19th Division, which was changed from looking for Huaizhou to the division commander, will still go to the borders of Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi to attack the "pursuing and suppressing" enemies and develop the new Soviet area; the 20th and 21st divisions will still stay in the Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi Soviet area , Attack the enemy of "encirclement and suppression" and defend the old Soviet area.

The reorganization of the Red Seventh Army and the formation of the Red Tenth Army this time brought together the Red Tenth Army and local armed forces who were good at fighting guerrillas, and carried out large-scale army activities in an attempt to fight a big battle. This was another major mistake in strategic guidance. The setbacks and failures sowed the seeds of disaster. In mid-December, the Red Cross Army fought fiercely with Chiang Kai-shek's direct line troops in the Tanjiaqiao area at the eastern foot of Huangshan Mountain in southern Anhui to supplement the First Brigade.Although the strength of the two sides was similar, the battle failed because the Red 20th and 21st Divisions were not good at regular combat. Xun Huaizhou, an outstanding commander of the Red Army who participated in the revolution during the "Autumn Harvest Uprising" and was only 22 years old, was killed in this battle.The Red Army became more and more passive. From late December to early January 1935, the Red Cross Army moved back and forth between southern Anhui and more than ten counties on the border of Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangxi. In mid-January, the Red Cross Army moved to Huaiyu Mountain between the Huawude Soviet Area and the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi Soviet Areas. Due to the hesitation and improper command of the regiment commander Liu Chouxi when passing through the enemy's blockade, the Red Army was surrounded by the enemy.In the end, they were divided and encircled by the enemy, and they were defeated one by one.The soldiers of the Red Army fought bloody battles, and finally ran out of ammunition and food, and most of them died heroically.Only the vanguard led by Su Yu broke through the encirclement, and another small part broke through to the north and entered southern Anhui.Fang Zhimin and Liu Chouxi were arrested successively. On the day when the Red Army's anti-Japanese advance team (Red Seventh Army) attacked Fuzhou according to the order of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, another Red Army unit of about 9,000 people was starting from Hengshi in Suichuan and embarked on the westward journey. journey.This is the Red Sixth Army, known as the Second Anti-Japanese Advance Team of the Red Army, which was determined by the "small meeting" of the Central Committee in May. After the Red Sixth Army broke through several enemy blockades in a row, they held a swearing-in meeting for cadres above the company level in Zhaiqianxu, Guidong County, Hunan Province.Ren Bishi, the representative of the Central Committee, spoke at the meeting.He said: We implemented the transfer in accordance with the telegram instructions of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission.In order to preserve the vitality of the Red Sixth Army to the greatest extent, we left the Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet Area and went to the central part of Hunan to develop guerrilla warfare and create a new Soviet area, and gradually developed northward to get in touch with the Second Red Army led by He Long and Guan Xiangying. .According to the instructions of the Central Military Commission, Ren Bishi announced the establishment of the leading organization of the Sixth Red Army: Xiao Ke was the head of the army, Wang Zhen was the political commissar of the army, Li Da was the chief of staff of the army, and Zhang Ziyi was the director of the political department. When the Central Revolutionary Military Commission ordered the Sixth Red Army to go west, it did not explain the strategic intention of the Central Red Army in the future, and asked the Sixth Red Army to take everything away.As a result, the Red Sixth Army took all the prisoners from the Provincial Security Bureau, hospitals, arsenals, lithography machines, pliers and other repair tools, as well as heavy radio engines, etc., and it became a large moving team.The maneuverability of the troops was completely entangled by these belongings. The vanguard troops walked 10 miles, the supply team fell one or two miles, and the follow-up troops also fell behind.Marching is inconvenient, and there are many worries about fighting, which reduces the leader's determination to find opportunities to fight.Later, when I entered Guizhou, the mountains were high and the roads were narrow, rugged and tortuous, so I had to gradually throw away the things I brought.The Red Sixth Army telegraphed the situation to the Central Committee, but the Central Committee did not learn from the experience.Not long after the Central Red Army moved westward, a bigger "movement" came and suffered even bigger losses. The news of the Red Sixth Army's successful breakthrough shocked the enemy.The warlords of the two provinces of Hunan and Guangxi hurriedly dispatched 4 divisions to catch up and block the front, preventing the Red Army from implementing its plan to stay in Hunan and Guangxi.The Red Sixth Army adopted mobile and flexible tactics, turning around and moving from east to west, making it difficult for the enemy to figure out.The warlord He Jian once lamented: The Red Army "occasionally moves east and west, moves erratically, and uses circle tactics", "My 15th and 6th divisions followed and chased for hundreds of miles, exhausted." After entering Guizhou, it became more difficult for the troops to fight.Due to the difficult mountain roads and unfamiliar terrain, the people in Guizhou did not understand the Red Army. In the Battle of Ganxi, the Sixth Red Army was cut into three sections and surrounded by 24 enemy regiments in the three provinces of Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou.Except for Li Da, Chief of Staff of the Legion, who led the first part of the 17th Division to continue to advance and meet with the first part of the Third Red Army (that is, the Second Red Army), the rest of the 17th Division, the 18th Division and Junzhi moved to Shiqian, Zhenyuan, and Yuqing. The area is in danger. The mountains in this area are steep, sparsely populated, and supplies are scarce.The commanders and fighters marched barefoot in the cliffs and ravines and dense forests. Sometimes they could only eat porridge a day, and they walked and fought on hungry stomachs, going through hardships.When moving south from Zhujiaba, the 52nd Guard Regiment was surrounded by the enemy and fought bloody for three days and nights with heavy losses. One afternoon, when the main force entered the enemy's blockade line from Shiqian to Zhenyuan, they encountered a strong enemy again.The enemies of Hunan and Guangxi attempted to attack the main force of the Sixth Red Army from north to south.The head of the legion sent a special agent company to use the night to resolutely resist, and the main force, under the guidance of the local old hunter, passed through an inaccessible valley stream ditch (called Jiagou in Guizhou) in the middle of the night, filing eastward, and rushed out of Jiagou at dawn. Turn the corner. Since then, the Sixth Red Army defeated the encirclement and interception of the enemy troops in Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou, and finally joined forces with the Second Red Army led by He Long and Guan Xiangying in Muhuang, Yinjiang County, eastern Guizhou on October 24, 1934.Subsequently, a division meeting was held to realize the unified command of the second and sixth armies. The Sixth Red Army's expedition to the west, which lasted more than 80 days, crossed more than 5,000 miles of enemy territory, ascertained the actual strength of the enemy's troops along the way, ascertained the road and people's conditions, realized the rendezvous of the Second and Sixth Army, and sowed seeds along the way. The fire of revolution played the role of reconnaissance and pathfinding for the Central Red Army's main force to break through and transfer. One day in mid-September 1934, in the bedroom of the left wing of Hewu outside the north gate of Gandu County, Mao Zedong was reclining on the bed with a quilt on his back.His face was yellow and thin, his eyes were sunken, and his expression was tired and sad. At this time, he was reading a newspaper. Suddenly, the guard reported: "Chairman (Mao Zedong was the chairman of the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic at that time, so people called him the chairman——author's note), someone came to see you." Come inside.She is Liu Ying, head of the Central Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, who is known as the pacesetter of expanding the red. "Chairman, are you feeling better?" Liu Ying asked with concern as soon as she entered the room. "It has something to do with it. Disease is like an enemy. If you are strong, it will be weak. Look, haven't I defeated it?" Mao Zedong enthusiastically let Liu Ying sit down, and at the same time asked the guards to take the only two immature I took a tangerine and cut it open, handed half of it to Liu Ying, and said jokingly: "You can only eat half of it." Liu Ying came to visit Chairman Mao today, originally to ask for advice on spreading popularity.Seeing Chairman Mao's haggard condition, still recovering from a serious illness, I swallowed all the words I wanted to say, and thought about the scene of his popularity: I remember that in May, Li Weihan, director of the Organization Bureau of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area of ​​the Communist Party of China, appointed her as the captain of the Red Army Expansion Command in Yudu County, and asked her to expand the Red Army by 2,200 within three months.At that time, she made extensive publicity and mobilized the masses. It took only one and a half months to expand the popularity to 3,000 people, completing the task ahead of schedule, and exceeding the quota by 800 people. In late June, when she returned to Ruijin from Yudu, she happened to run into Deng Xiaoping.When Deng Xiaoping saw Liu Ying, he immediately raised his thumb and said: "Oh, if you don't make a song, you will be a blockbuster!" At that time, the second monk Liu Yingzhang was puzzled.Deng Xiaoping hurriedly explained: "This is what Comrade Xiang Ying said at the Politburo meeting. He praised you for doing a good job in expanding your popularity. All the deeds of expanding your popularity in Yudu County have been published in the newspaper!" Liu Ying returned to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China , I saw the headline on the front page of the "Red China" newspaper on June 21, and it really published "A Breakthrough in Yudu County——Three-month Plan Completed in One and a Half Months".Soon, Liu Ying was also rewarded with a glorious hat (straw hat), a pair of hands, and several books. However, around September 10th, Li Weihan sent Liu Ying to Yudu to expand her popularity, and asked her to complete the task of expanding popularity to 4,500 people before September 27th, which took only half a month.Liu Ying rushed to Yudu on horseback in a hurry. Unexpectedly, the situation was very different from that of four months ago. After several mobilizations, only more than 200 people joined the army.Some people hid themselves in the mountains in order to avoid the spread of popularity, and those who stayed at home were the old and the weak, women and children.Liu Ying was helpless. On the one hand, she wrote a chicken feather letter to Li Weihan for help, and on the other hand, she wanted to ask Chairman Mao for advice. "How is the situation of the expansion of red? Have you encountered difficulties!" Mao Zedong saw Liu Ying's thoughts and asked proactively. "Chairman, what should we do? Many people have run into the mountains, and the expansion team has no confidence." Liu Ying seemed about to cry. "Let's have a meeting, call the commandos and the secretary of the district party committee for a meeting." Mao Zedong helped her with ideas. "It's too late, there are only 10 days left," Liu Ying said anxiously. "No, a meeting must be held. Sharpening a knife is not a mistake in chopping firewood. You must first clear your mind." Mao Zedong instructed decisively, and at the same time called four guards and told them to ride horses to various districts to notify. The meeting was held as scheduled.Liu Yingxian made some mobilization, and the people attending the meeting welcomed Mao Zedong's speech. Mao Zedong said affectionately with a sick body: "Since I want to speak, then I will speak for five minutes. The content of my speech can be summed up in two words, which is 'determination'...." Mao Zedong's speech won the audience warm applause. Like Liu Ying’s two expansions in Yudu, in order to meet the needs of the war and prepare for strategic shifts, according to the regulations of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, each regiment must have no less than 1,500 troops, and each division must have no less than 5,000 troops. The Central Revolutionary Military Commission and the Central Government A large number of cadres were transferred from the party, government, and military organs to counties, districts, and townships to mobilize young and middle-aged people to join the Red Army.Under the slogan of "Expanding the Iron Red Army by 1 million", the Central Soviet Area set off an unprecedented wave of expanding the Red Army.From June to October, young and middle-aged people in the Soviet area actively joined the army, and more than 30,000 people were mobilized to supplement the main Red Army, providing soldiers for the formation of new legions.The Red Eighth Army with Zhou Kun as its commander, the Red Thirty-Fourth Division with Zhou Zikun as its division commander, and the International Division of the Shaoxing Communist Party were all new troops formed during this period. While the Central Soviet Area was rapidly expanding its popularity, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission also instructed various arsenals and clothing factories to step up production and prepare for weapons, ammunition and supplies.The Xingguo Guantian Arsenal is required to redouble its production efforts before September to meet the field army's standard of no less than 50 rounds of ammunition for each rifle and no less than two grenades for each combatant.The General Supply Department should vigorously raise military supplies, and by September, one set of cotton coats and two pairs of shoes must be prepared for each person in the army.At the same time, each commander is required to make two pairs of straw sandals, weave a bamboo hat, and make a dry food bag.The General Health Department must purchase as much medicine as possible for the treatment of the wounded in case of need. On October 8, the First Bureau of the Red Army Headquarters collected and counted various preparation data related to weapons, equipment and living supplies, and reported to the head of the headquarters: 33,244 guns of various types, 1,732,130 rounds of bullets, 38 mortars, There were 2,473 shells, 83,000 pieces of winter clothes, 34,862 catties of salt, 177 loads of medicines, communication materials can be supplied until November 24, food for each commander and fighter can be carried for 10 days, and so on. According to Wu Xiuquan's recollection, he accompanied Li De to inspect the arsenal and saw the explosion test of the newly-made grenade.Good grenades are very shattered and have great lethality, and some are broken in half and have no power.The machines in the arsenal, as well as the machines for printing banknotes in the printing factory, were all disassembled and packed in the later stages of preparation for the breakout transfer. In fact, it took nearly half a year to prepare. In the golden autumn of October, Yudu in southern Jiangxi presents a scene of prosperity: most of the crops have been harvested, bean stalks and other products are drying on the blue-tiled roofs, and only late rice, wheat and sweet potatoes are left in the fields. In contrast to the picture of the golden autumn harvest, there was an atmosphere of uneasiness among the Yudu masses and the Red Army.In addition to the unusual infrared expansion, the Red Army requisitioned a large amount of rice and grain, and purchased a lot of salt and medicine. When the cadres met, they always asked each other knowingly: "The transfer time is coming, are you going?" The answer was different from time to time, some said "Of course", while others said "I don't know".The spread of these news has added to the uneasiness in the market.Soon, the news spread about who was leaving and who was staying. Some returned home with bags and told their families that they were leaving (but they didn't know when and where they were going); many wounded returned to the original army from the hospital. One day in early October.Lin Biao, head of the First Red Army Corps, and Nie Rongzhen, political commissar, sneaked into Mao Zedong's courtyard in Yudu.On the one hand, they came to visit Mao Zedong, the old leader of the First Red Army who was sick, and on the other hand, they wanted to get some information from him.They carefully asked Mao Zedong: "Where are we going?" Mao Zedong knew what they were thinking, so he answered them in cryptic words: "Go where you are ordered to go." He knew that these orders were military secrets, and he kept his mouth shut. Strictly abide by the discipline stipulated by the Party Central Committee.When they still wanted to inquire about issues such as whether personnel would go or stay, Mao Zedong turned away and talked about him from left to right. Marshal Nie Rongzhen recalled 50 years later that Mao Zedong mercilessly gagged their mouths.He didn't want anyone to suspect that he and the generals were secretly planning something.He ends the conversation by suggesting that they visit a newly opened library. That was the atmosphere at the time.Mao Zedong was deprived of all important powers. The Politburo and the Military Commission headquarters studied important issues, but they always did not notify him to participate and excluded him.In particular, a key preparatory work for the transfer, that is, the issue of whether the Party Central Committee, the government and the Military Commission personnel will go or stay, is a "core secret" and is completely controlled by the central "three-person group" and implemented step by step: the Party Central Committee, the Central Committee Zhang Wentian and Li Weihan were in charge of the list of government cadres; Zhou Enlai was in charge of the list of military cadres, and Ye Jianying of the Fourth Bureau of the Military Commission Headquarters made specific arrangements; the final decision was made by the "group of three".Therefore, at that time, Mao Zedong's fate was still in the hands of the "three-person group", and he himself had no idea, so it was even more difficult to decide, and he didn't even know the fate of other personnel. According to the memories of some old revolutionaries, at first, Bo Gu and Li De included Mao Zedong in the list of cadres who stayed and persisted in the struggle.Later, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Zhang Wentian and others tried their best to ask Mao Zedong to participate in the transfer.The reasons put forward by Zhou Enlai and others are: Mao Zedong is the founder of the Red Army, the main founder of Jinggangshan and the Central Revolutionary Base Area, and the chairman of the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic. He has high prestige in the party and the Red Army. Strategic shifting actions are disadvantageous.Bogu and Li De saw that many important leaders raised objections, so they thought about it from another angle: Although it is dangerous to let Mao Zedong go with the army, the main reason is that it will be difficult to control; but he has no position and power in the army, let him leave " The "Republic" would not be of much use.After repeated weighing, Bogu and others believed that Mao Zedong's participation in the transfer would have more advantages than disadvantages. Later, they explained to Xiang Ying: "The reason for taking him to the west is to let him get rid of the foundation of leaving the Central Soviet Area..." Zhou Enlai notified himself of the decision to transfer Mao Zedong.Later, when the Red Army began to move, when the staff around Mao Zedong went to the adjutant to collect supplies, they found that Mao Zedong's name was not on the list of personnel "transferred" with the army.After reflection, Mao Zedong and his guard squad, grooms, porters, stretcher bearers, etc. were incorporated into the central team of the first field column. More than 40 years later, Wu Xiuquan recalled: "If Mao Zedong was also left behind at that time, the result would be unpredictable. The history of our party may have become different."This is really the historical achievement of Zhou Enlai and others. At that time, the removal and retention of party and Red Army cadres was strictly controlled.According to the instructions of Bo Gu, Li De and others, a registration form was made during the secret preparations, and all cadres were reviewed. Those who were not born well, made mistakes, or came from the uprising, did not leave with the team and stayed in the Soviet area...Some Red Army commanders who were regarded as having made mistakes were organized into labor reform teams and set off.It can be seen from this that going or staying at that time was tantamount to life and death, and many comrades insisted on moving with the army.At that time, Bo Gu, Li De and others who held the power to leave and stay, decided the criteria for leaving and leaving mainly based on their attitude towards their left-leaning putschism. Anyone who had opposed them or had a close relationship with Mao Zedong The so-called "Maoist" personnel, They were all left behind mercilessly. Since Mao Zedong himself was almost disqualified from being transferred, there is no doubt that he, the nominal Soviet chairman, has no right to ask his subordinates whether to stay or not. American writer Harrison Salisbury said in an interview that Mao Zedong was secretly shown a list of senior cadres left behind, and he knew that many people known as "Maoists" had stayed behind.Like Qu Qiubai, He Shuheng, He Chang, Liu Bojian, and two people who were hit in the process of opposing the "Luo Ming Line" - Mao Zedong's younger brother Mao Zetan and Gu Bai, and so on.Mao Zedong interceded with Bogu especially for Qu Qiubai, and asked to take him for transfer, but was refused. Wu Liping later recalled the scene at that time and said that when preparing for the transfer, Mao Zedong once called a meeting of leading comrades from various government ministries on a mountain (Mao Zedong called it the Qingshan Meeting) to arrange the aftermath work. He explained to everyone the war situation at that time and the reasons for the transfer of the Red Army, and asked all government agencies to do a good job in organizing work before withdrawing from the Central Soviet Area.Then, according to the decision of the central government, he read out the list of some ministers accompanying the army.Qu Qiubai was also present at the meeting. When he heard that his name was not there, he asked Mao Zedong to transfer with the army on the spot.Mao Zedong immediately answered after the meeting.Wu Liping, who was present, asked Mao Zedong in a low voice: Why are old comrades like Qiu Bai not allowed to transfer with the army?Mao Zedong also whispered to Wu Liping that he sympathized with Comrade Qiu Bai and had reported it to the Central Bureau, but his words did not mean anything.Wu Liping had no choice but to turn to Luo Fu, asking him to intercede with the comrades in the Central Bureau.Luo Fu said that this was decided through collective discussion, and it is difficult for him to change it alone. Wu Liping had no choice but to invite Qu Qiubai to his home for a farewell meal.Qiubai was very emotional. He kept drinking and said in a mournful voice: "You are gone, I can only be at the mercy of fate... Although I have made mistakes in my life, I am loyal to the party and the revolution. Comrade is obvious to all." He said, no matter what I encounter, no matter what adversity I encounter, my heart can show the sky.Later, after the Long March of the Central Red Army, in late February 1935, Qu Qiubai was arrested in Changting, Fujian. After four months of detention, he was taken to the execution ground by the enemy.Although he was weak, he was calm and collected.When the bullet was about to hit his chest, he stood there and sang the song of the proletariat all over the world in Russian - "The Internationale". Bo Gu, Li De and other left-leaning putschist leaders took the opportunity to get rid of the cadres they didn't like, as well as the cadres who had supported Mao Zedong, and stayed in the Soviet area to fight guerrillas.As a result, most of the remaining cadres were unfortunately captured and sacrificed, and less than one-tenth of them survived. Mao Zedong's old comrade-in-arms and one of the founders of the Communist Party of China, He Shuheng, aged 61, was shot dead by surrounded enemy soldiers in Changting, Fujian after he was left behind. After He Chang, the former deputy director of the General Political Department, stayed, he insisted on leading the troops to fight against the enemy.Seriously wounded in a battle, when the enemy charged at him, yelling "Catch alive", he pointed the gun to his head, shouted "Long live the revolution", and ended with the last bullet My own life at the young age of 29. Liu Bojian, who once worked in the "Christian General" Feng Yuxiang's army as a secret party member, and later served in the 26th Route Army, who held the Ningdu Uprising with Dong Zhentang and others, was destined to be the one who stayed because of his relationship with Mao Zedong.Later, he was captured and tried in a battle, and was paraded through the streets in shackles. He died on March 21, 1935, at the age of 40.Before the sacrifice, he wrote a poem "Walk the Long Street with Shackles": "Walk the Long Street with Shackles, the more ambitious you will be. Fight as a prisoner, and the workers and peasants will be liberated." After Cooper stayed behind, when he led a group of 20 or 30 guerrillas from Guangdong to southern Shonan, he encountered a Kuomintang patrol and was killed.When Mao Zedong got the news in 1937, he wrote: "My friend Gu Bo, handsome and hard-working, sacrificed his life for the country, which is extremely mournful. May the Gu compatriots follow his legacy to complete the goal of freedom and liberation." The transfer decision had already been made, and the preparations had already been carried out. However, because Bogu and Li De lacked a clear understanding of the consequences of their positional defense operations and still held a wait-and-see attitude, they failed to seize the favorable opportunity to carry out the transfer in a timely manner. At this time, an unexpected event happened: Kong Hechong, the former commander-in-chief of the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Military Region and the commander of the 16th Red Army who was studying at the Red Army University, took the opportunity to inspect the work after graduation, and brought the party map he had drawn in advance. After arriving at the old camp of Xingguo on the marked map of Ruijin, the central authority fled alone and joined the Kuomintang. After Chiang Kai-shek obtained the location map of the CCP's party, government, and military organs, he was like a treasure.He personally met Kong Hechong in Nanchang, praised him greatly, and decided to send a large number of planes to Ruijin to bomb the residence of the main leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After the Red Army Headquarters detected Chiang Kai-shek's above-mentioned plan, before the enemy bombed, the party, government, and military central organs were urgently evacuated from the original station overnight, and transferred to the Zhikeng area of ​​Yunshi Mountain, 15 kilometers west of Ruijin. , the central government, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission and the security of the Red Army headquarters. This incident shocked Bogu and Li De a lot, so the transfer process was accelerated. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission immediately started to set up the Central Sub-bureau of the Soviet Area, the Office of the Central Government of the Soviet Area, the Central Military Region and the provincial military regions.Xiang Ying served as the secretary of the Central Branch Bureau of the Soviet Area, the commander and political commissar of the Central Military Region, and Chen Yi served as the director of the Central Government Office, leaving behind the 24th Red Division and 22 independent regiments, with a total of more than 16,000 commanders and fighters (mainly local armed forces, about Half of them were wounded and sick), and stayed in the Central Soviet Area to continue fighting against the enemy. At the same time, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission ordered the local corps to take over the defensive tasks of the main Red Army on all fronts. The 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 9th Red Army corps withdrew from their positions, concentrated and reorganized in Ruijin, Yudu, and Huichang, and set off on standby; The preparation sequence of strategic transfer is drafted. At this time, the Kuomintang troops were pressing on the central areas of Ruijin, Yudu, Huichang and other areas from the north, east and west, trying to encircle and wipe out the Party Central Committee and the Central Red Army in one fell swoop. On October 10, 1934, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission issued an order officially announcing the composition and action plan of the first and second field columns (codenamed Red Star and Red Badge respectively, collectively known as the Military Commission Column, also known as the Central Column).At 5 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day, all commanders and fighters of the Military Commission column, led by the Party Central Committee and the head of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, set off from Meikeng in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, and began the world-famous 25,000-mile long march. From the 10th to the 16th, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 9th Red Army Corps also successively set off from Ruijin, Yudu, Huichang and other places to serve as left and right forwards and rear guards respectively, covering the transfer of the huge Military Commission column. Mao Zedong crossed the Du River from the west gate of Yudu County on the morning of October 18.Tens of thousands of men, women and children saw off the Red Army, and each of them was inseparable.The villagers surrounded Mao Zedong and held his hand: "You must come back!" As they spoke, tears fell like rain.The girls sang a song to send off the Red Army: "Send the Red Army to the riverside, and the river is busy. ... Red Army, Red Army! Return home early after the revolution is successful." Mao Zedong's eyes were moist.