Chapter 20 19. Experiences and Lessons from Mass Work in the Shaanxi-Gansu Frontier Revolutionary Base Areas and Realistic Enlightenment

The Marxist view of the masses believes that the masses are the creators of history, and only the masses are the real driving force for revolution. In January 1934, Mao Zedong pointed out in the article "Caring for the Lives of the Masses, Paying Attention to Working Methods": "A revolutionary war is a war of the masses. Only by mobilizing the masses can a war be waged; only by relying on the masses can a war be waged." During the formation, consolidation and development of the base areas, the Chinese Communists represented by Liu Zhidan, Xie Zichang, and Xi Zhongxun combined the Marxist view of the masses with the reality of the establishment and development of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Gansu border revolutionary base areas, forming a set of distinctive features. The mass work model and experience.The successful experience and profound lessons of the mass work in the Shaanxi-Gansu border revolutionary base areas have become the precious wealth of the Chinese revolution and construction, and still have important practical guiding significance for the party's mass work at present and in the future.

Protecting the vital interests of the people is the fundamental purpose of the Communist Party of China to lead the people in revolution.During the revolutionary struggle in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area, the purpose of the party leading the revolutionary armed forces in the struggle to create and develop revolutionary base areas was to continuously protect the people's right to be the masters of the country and the right to production and life. (1) Guarantee the right of the broad masses of the people to be the masters of their own affairs. From November 4th to 6th, 1934, the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Congress was held in Liyuanbao, Nanliang, Huachi. The Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region Soviet Government was established. Chairman of the Soviet Government Land, Labor, Food, Finance, Workers and Peasants Inspection, Culture and Women Committees.At the same time, the Revolutionary Military Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region and the General Command of the Red Guards of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region were also established.Subsequently, revolutionary regimes were successively established in various counties.The establishment of the Nanliang Soviet government was a beneficial attempt by the party to implement democratic politics in the Shaanxi-Gansu border.The Soviet regime gave all the exploited and oppressed people the full right to vote and to be elected. The people expressed their will for autonomy for the first time in the democratic system, controlled their own political destiny for the first time, and became their own masters for the first time.At the same time, the Soviet governments at all levels implemented the conference system of workers, peasants and soldiers, recruited workers and peasants to participate in and manage their own political power, greatly enhanced the democratic consciousness of the people in the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region, and promoted the implementation of policies and laws at all levels. The right to be the master.The reborn masses of the people love their own political power and actively defend their own political power, which has enabled the rapid development of the base areas in the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region.By the end of 1934, the base area had developed to include 18 counties including Chunhua, Yaoxian, Central, Yijun, Xunyi, Zhengning, Ningxian, Heshui, Qingyang, Baoan, Ansai, Jingbian, Fuxian, and Ganquan. Some areas cover an area of ​​about 23,000 square kilometers.

(2) Guarantee the rights of the masses to enjoy the basic means of production. In 1936, in Yan’an, Mao Zedong answered American journalist Edgar Snow’s question about the revolution, peasants and land issues: “Whoever wins the peasants will win China, and whoever can solve the land problem will win the peasants.” "Land is the most basic means of production for farmers.Carrying out the agrarian revolution and eradicating the feudal land ownership system are the urgent demands of the peasants.Before the establishment of the Soviet government in the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region, Liu Zhidan and others began to lead the struggle of the Agrarian Revolution with the content of cracking down on local tyrants, distributing floating wealth, and abolishing landlords' creditor's rights.After the establishment of the Soviet Government of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region, it followed the spirit of the "Land Law of the Chinese Soviet Republic" in the Central Soviet Area and the "Land Resolution" passed by the Congress of Workers, Peasants and Soldiers of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region, and combined with the specific conditions of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region. A series of policies and decrees related to the land revolution, carry out land reform, and solve and satisfy farmers' land demands.In the process of allocating land, the Soviet government of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region also divided the classes into classes based on the economic status of peasant households.The development of the agrarian revolution in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area eliminated the feudal exploitation system that had existed for thousands of years, solved the most urgent land demand of farmers, and greatly mobilized the revolutionary enthusiasm of the vast number of poor farmers. The red regime established a reliable mass foundation.

(3) Guarantee the right of the masses to enjoy basic living materials.While solving the farmers' land problems, the Party and government in the Shaanxi-Gansu border also paid great attention to the sufferings of the masses in their daily lives, and effectively solved the problems of the masses in terms of food, clothing, housing and transportation.After the establishment of the Nanliang government, the army and government agencies were in great difficulty in funding, and the burden on the people was relatively heavy.In order to tide over the difficulties, the staff of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee, the government and the Military Commission all implement a supply system, and all cadres and soldiers are equal.In order to reduce the burden on the masses, the government called on the party, government and military agencies to operate the Red Army's public land, set up small pastures, grow grain and vegetables, raise pigs and sheep, and supplement the needs of the Red Army and agencies while seizing from the enemy.Except for a part of the property that was captured by the local tyrants or captured by the enemy, the rest was distributed to the poor peasants.

In order to smash the enemy's economic blockade of the base area and develop the economy of the base area, the Soviet government of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region also formulated laws and policies on commerce, finance, trade, finance, and food, and set up a market in Liyuanbao. It provides a market for exchanging needs and adjusting surplus and shortage.In order to activate market trade, the merchants in the Bai area adopted a policy of fighting for and protecting their interests, selling sheep and mountain products from the base area to them cheaply, and encouraging them to try their best to transport the cloth and other goods that were lacking in the Soviet area to the base area.The border area government also issued "Soviet currency" to prohibit the circulation of Kuomintang banknotes in the Soviet area.

The border region government attaches great importance to cultural and educational undertakings, and often organizes cadres to read and learn cultural knowledge.The government of the border region established the first school in the Shaanxi-Gansu border region, Lenin Primary School, in Liyuanbao. At the same time, it set up literacy classes for adults in some villages, and also established the Red Army Cadre School, which trained more than 200 military and local cadres.The Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Soviet Government of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region also established publications such as "Bolshevik Life" and "Red Northwest" to publicize the principles and policies of the party and the government, unite and educate the people.The development of politics, economy, culture and other undertakings in Nanliang area has made the base area a place that people yearn for.The population of Nanliang area has increased from more than 600 households with more than 2,400 people before the establishment of the base to more than 1,000 households with more than 6,000 people.

As the saying goes: A chopstick is easy to break, but a chopstick is hard to break.Only by organizing the masses can we form a powerful force of unity.During the establishment of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Base Area, it attached great importance to the establishment and improvement of the party's grassroots organizations and various revolutionary mass organizations. The Red Guards, Young Pioneers and Children's Corps commanded by the Soviet government.Under the leadership of the Party, these revolutionary mass organizations actively propagated, mobilized, and organized the masses to carry out revolutionary struggles, actively mobilized the masses to fight against local tyrants and divide their land, actively supported the front lines, actively joined the army and participated in the war, and strongly supported and cooperated with the work of the government and troops.

In order to consolidate the base area and strengthen the military struggle against the enemy, the Soviet government of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region formulated various combat mobilization regulations and a series of military policies, including: implementing a voluntary military service system in expanding the activities of the Red Army; In the world, guerrilla groups were widely established to set up private outposts to help the Red Army do intelligence work.The masses joined the guerrillas and after undergoing combat training and military training, they formed the main force of the Red Army; the weapons and ammunition of the Red Army, guerrillas, and Red Guards were mainly captured from the enemy, and the weapons of the gentry and landlords were confiscated, and the confiscated weapons were used by those who confiscated them. Encourage the masses to buy weapons, and give special rewards for buying new weapons.For the Red Army, Red Guards, and Young Pioneers who died, burial fees were paid, and a pension policy was implemented for their families.After the implementation of these laws and policies, they received the most remarkable results. The people in the base area immediately set off the "expanding the red" movement, the red armed forces were continuously supplemented and expanded, and the combat effectiveness of the red army was improved.Regarding the effectiveness and influence of the work of the Party and the Soviet government in the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region, Fan Changjiang, a well-known reporter from Ta Kung Pao at that time, made the following vivid description through on-the-spot interviews in Northwest China: The people in the base area "of course approve of Liu Zhidan's organization, so that the people It is even more necessary to use it. After several years of red education, people only know Soviet, Ruijin, Moscow, Lenin, Stalin, etc., but do not know terms such as Xi'an, Lanzhou, Peiping, and Nanjing. A county magistrate once To the east of Heshui, the people were called to give lectures, and they applied for it several times, but very few people arrived. However, when the Soviet called a meeting, within twenty-four hours, the people within hundreds of miles could be gathered immediately.”

During the arduous revolutionary war years, all the work of the party depended on the party members to mobilize the masses to do it. Relying on the flesh-and-blood relationship between the party and the masses, the party survived and the base areas developed.In the process of establishing the revolutionary base areas in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area, the party and government of the Shaanxi-Gansu border area proceeded from reality, conducted in-depth investigations and studies, and adopted flexible and effective methods of mass work. (1) Adhere to reasoning with others.Regarding the construction of the Shaanxi-Gansu Bianzhaojin base area, at that time some people ignored the objective conditions of the enemy's strength and our weakness, and only knew how to follow the instructions of the provincial party committee mechanically to capture the enemy's strong urban strongholds.As soon as a piece of land was laid down and the masses were not organized, the land was immediately divided. As a result, the middle peasants panicked and the rich peasants fled, causing the base area to be unstable.Xi Zhongxun, the main founder of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Base, resolutely opposed this "leftist" erroneous approach. He very much agreed with Liu Zhidan's proposal that "the revolution must establish a united front, the fewer enemies the better, and the more friends the better. We add a strength, the enemy will lose a portion of strength".He paid attention to the work of the united front, striving to unite the local armed forces that were in conflict with the Kuomintang regime, united the militia groups around the base areas if they could be united, neutralized them if they could be neutralized, and only attacked stubborn ones.For the enlightened people and old intellectuals in the Kuomintang who did not understand the party's policies for a while, Xi Zhongxun first respected them and patiently explained the truth to them.They praised: "The superiors described you as rebels, and I also thought you were reckless heroes, messing around. You are all elites who govern the world." Later, some intellectuals also participated in the revolution, and the masses said: "The Communist Party is really capable. , people are willing to follow them." In this way, the construction of the revolutionary base area has a new development.Xi Zhongxun later recalled: "I paid attention to listening to different opinions, listened to the opinions of democrats, and paid attention to the work of the united front all my life. I followed the teachings of Comrade Zhidan and gained from the actual experience at that time."

(2) Insist on treating people with sincerity.The united front is one of the three major magic weapons of the Chinese revolution, and the party and government in the Shaanxi-Gansu border realized the importance of this magic weapon during the struggle.In the process of opening up the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Area, the Red Army was relatively weak. If we did not pay attention to the united front work and turned resistance into assistance, we would be constrained everywhere.The Shaanxi-Gansu border party and government learned the lesson of Du Heng's failure to destroy the non-aggression relationship with Xia Laoyao, and actively established good relations with gang organizations such as the Gelaohui.In Xiqu, Zhengning County, there was a very powerful old man named Chen. After the Red Army and the local guerrillas established friendly relations with him through many efforts, he not only provided convenience for the Red Army and the local guerrillas to travel to and from Xiqu, but also gave a lot of help.Zheng Deming, the elder of the Nanliang Ge Laohui in Huachi County, also worked repeatedly, established a united front relationship with the guerrillas, and did a lot of work for the guerrillas. Later, he also served as the deputy captain of the security brigade of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Soviet Government.

(3) Stick to the emotional person.Liu Zhidan and Xi Zhongxun believe that only by strengthening the revolutionary forces and striving for all forces that can be united can the victory of the revolution be guaranteed.Ziwuling on the Shaanxi-Gansu border and Huanglong Mountain in Shaanxi have many groups of bandits, many of whom were born in poverty and were forced to go to the mountains to become bandits.For those who sympathize with and tend to be revolutionary, Liu Zhidan and Xi Zhongxun actively publicized the party's policies and revolutionary principles, fought patiently, and showed sincerity, so that they would abandon the dark and turn to the bright. In the summer of 1934, they sent people to Huanglong Mountain to recruit Guo Baoshan, and sent condolence letters and horses in time.Inspired by Liu Zhidan and Xi Zhongxun, on October 20, Guo Baoshan resolutely declared an uprising in Xinbao, and led more than 120 people into the Gyeongbuk Soviet Area.Xi Zhongxun and Yang Sen, the commander of the 42nd Red Division, immediately led the 3rd Red Regiment and the Cavalry Regiment to the south of Rouyuan City to respond. On November 10, the Shaanxi-Gansu border party, government and military organs held a welcome meeting in Liyuanbao, and reorganized the Guo Department as the "Northwest Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army".Afterwards, some bandit armed forces were also adapted to strengthen the revolutionary armed forces. In the early days of the establishment of the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army, the composition and sources of the commanders and fighters of the troops were relatively complicated, especially the bad habits of a small number of people leading the troops, which affected the reputation of the troops to a certain extent and caused a bad influence.In order to overcome the problems of impure thinking, impure organization, and impure style of work in the army, correct the serious violations of discipline by a small number of members of the army, and establish the idea of ​​​​serving the hard-working masses, the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Party and the government have continuously strengthened the political control of the Red Army troops. Education, in education, pay attention to the role of grass-roots party organizations as a battle fortress and the vanguard and exemplary role of party members, making it one of the decisive factors for uniting the masses, overcoming difficulties, and winning victory. As the main founder of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Base Area, Liu Zhidan, he was closely connected with the masses, strict with self-discipline, and fully played an exemplary role.During the revolutionary struggle in Nanliang, Liu Zhidan consciously maintained his true colors as an ordinary soldier, always thinking of the people, and the soldiers affectionately called him "Old Liu".As the commander-in-chief of the troops, he was equipped with a horse, but he almost never rode. He always marched on foot, leaving the horse to the sick.He wore a captured shabby woolen overcoat, which he used as a cushion on the saddle during the day and as a quilt at night.Every time he camped in a place, Liu Zhidan always talked to the local people, asked about the enemy's situation around him, and understood the local social situation and the demands of the people.Because of this, he is very familiar with the situation in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area, and everyone says he is a living map.After the Red Army captured Heshui County, when distributing the confiscated clothes of the noble gentry, he asked to distribute them to the soldiers and the masses first, and finally gave him a pair of cotton trousers worn by women, and he turned them over to wear.Liu Zhidan's relics at the time of his death are only a few party documents and six seized cigarettes.Mao Zedong wrote an inscription for him: "The leader of the masses, the hero of the nation." Zhou Enlai praised him: "There have been thousands of heroes for five thousand years, and Liu Zhidan is the hero of the people." The Shaanxi-Gansu border party organization has formulated a strict organizational discipline and clean government system, and put forward strict discipline norms for party members, requiring each party member to take the lead in publicizing the party's policies and the discipline of the Red Army to the masses, safeguarding the interests of the masses, and consciously accepting the party organization's Adhere to the purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, resolutely oppose individualism, and prevent the invasion of privileged ideas.Xi Zhongxun later recalled: "After the establishment of our regime, we put clean government as the top priority. Comrade Zhidan said: The masses hate the incorruptibility of the reactionary regime the most, and no officials are not corrupt. We must pay attention to this issue from the beginning. Poor must have backbone. We must be chaste. We have made a law that if you embezzle ten yuan, you will be shot." He also said: "With this decree, no corruption incidents have occurred among cadres. The requirements for cadres, especially responsible cadres, are stricter. , violated discipline, and made serious mistakes, they must be punished. Gao Gang made mistakes and was also punished by dismissal.” The Soviet Government of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region not only imposed heavier punishments on party and government workers who violated the law, but also severely punished them. There is no corruption among personnel.From Xi Zhongxun, Chairman of the Soviet Government of the Border Regions, to the grassroots cadres, they have been honest and honest, safeguarded the fundamental interests of the people, and have been widely praised and supported by the people. During the establishment and development of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Base Area, the "Left" error had a serious impact on the work of the base area, especially the work of the masses, leaving a very profound lesson. For example, in terms of land reform, in some places not only the land of the landlords was confiscated, but even the land of the owner farmers was confiscated. In the winter of 1935, Baima District of Qingyang County took extreme measures against the small landlord Guo Wancheng when distributing land, confiscating all his property and distributing it. In June 1932, after the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas suffered setbacks in Weibei, they went to Nanyi and Qiutou in Zhengning County to rest and recuperate, and Li Gen came to inspect the troops.He proposed to carry out land reform in Wuqingyuan, and to complete the task of evenly distributing the land within 20 days.While Li Gen was arranging the land reform, the Kuomintang troops completed the encirclement of the guerrillas.However, Li Gen ignored the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" and gathered guerrilla cadres to hold meetings for five or six consecutive days, and at the same time sent party members and soldiers to organize the masses to divide the land.Because the enemy is present and the masses have not been fully mobilized, land distribution cannot continue.The enemy began to attack, the guerrillas retreated, and the land reform failed.It can be seen from this that the work of the party leadership in allocating land must be based on mobilizing the masses and can only be carried out in solid base areas. Land reforms that are divorced from the masses and reality are doomed to fail. Comrade Liu Zhidan once concluded: "Over the past few years, there have been more than 70 mutinies in the Shaanxi-Gansu region, large and small, all of which failed. The most fundamental reason is that the military movement was not combined with the peasant movement and a revolutionary base was not established." Therefore, "the most fundamental one is to have a base." In February 1932, Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang led the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army to Zhaojin, established a Zhaojin base on the Shaanxi-Gansu border, and relied on Qiaoshan to deal with the enemy.At that time, the wrong representatives of the "Left" deviation ignored the disparity in the strength of the enemy and ourselves. They first wanted the Red Army to go north to open up the "international line", and then went south to attack Guanzhong.Liu Zhidan and other comrades argued hard, but they were labeled as "guerrilla" and "bandit line" and dismissed from their posts. The mistake of the "Left" leaning line soon led to the annihilation of the Red 26th Army and the Red 2nd Regiment and the loss of the Zhaojin base. The "Left" error caused serious losses to the revolutionary movement in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area, and its lessons are profound. In September 1935, Wang Ming's "Left" error developed viciously in the Northwest base area, and launched the wrong "Eradication of Counter-revolutionaries".Leading cadres at or above the county level in the Shaanxi-Gansu border base areas and officers at or above the Red Twenty-six Army Battalion were almost all arrested, and more than 200 cadres were brutally killed. On October 19, 1935, Mao Zedong led the Central Red Army's Long March to the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Area. After learning about the serious situation of the wrong "suppression of counter-revolutionaries" in the northwest base area, he immediately ordered: "Stop arresting people" and "Stop killing people." Everything is left to the central government to resolve. In 1942, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a decision on the "suppression of counterrevolutionaries", believing that the "suppression of counterrevolutionaries" carried out in the Shaanxi-Gansu revolutionary base in September and October of 1935 was not only completely wrong, but also a crime of revolution.This erroneous "elimination of counter-revolutionaries" has caused serious disasters to the Northwest base areas.Wang Hua recalled: "...everyone is in a horrible atmosphere where everyone is a knife, and I am a fish, and everyone is in danger. The party committee, government, and military commission are all paralyzed, and all work is at a standstill." Because of the wrong " "Eradicate Rebellion", a large number of base areas were lost, the hearts of the people and the army were unprecedentedly turbulent, and several counties "rebelled against the water" one after another.Xi Zhongxun said: "The executors of the 'Left' opportunist line went against the grain and aroused great doubts and fears among the masses. Landlords and rich peasants took the opportunity to instigate and instigate counterattacks...the base areas fell into a serious crisis." The Communist Party is a faithful representative of the interests of the working class and the broad masses of the people. Apart from the interests of the working class and the broad masses of the people, it has no special interests of its own.Whether it is the bloody battle during the Shaanxi-Gansu border period or the socialist modernization drive, in the final analysis, it is to realize, maintain and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.Under the new historical conditions, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as the core has clearly put forward the people-oriented concept of governance, emphasizing the realization of the all-round development of people as the goal, starting from safeguarding the fundamental interests of the people, developing for the people, and relying on the people for development , the fruits of development are shared by the people.This has pointed out the direction for us to do a good job in mass work in the new era. Improving people's livelihood is an important means to realize the fundamental interests of the people.The report of the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: "On the basis of economic development, we must pay more attention to social construction, and strive to ensure and improve people's livelihood." During the revolutionary struggle in the Shaanxi-Gansu border, the party's mass work was also carried out around improving people's livelihood.At present, people's livelihood issues are prominently manifested in employment, income distribution, social security, education, medical care, production safety, and social security. Protecting people's livelihood has also become an important measure for our country to deal with the financial crisis.Only by representing public opinion, listening to people's voices, and paying attention to people's livelihood can the country maintain long-term stability; only when people's livelihood problems are solved and people's lives are stable and prosperous, can society maintain a healthy and harmonious development state; Enthusiasm and attention to solving people's livelihood problems can promote sound and rapid economic and social development. The party's cause is the cause of the people, and it can only be achieved by relying on the hard work of the people, and only by relying on the wisdom and strength of the people can it bear fruitful results.During the Shaanxi-Gansu border period, the Communists represented by Liu Zhidan, Xie Zichang, and Xi Zhongxun relied closely on the masses and took root in the masses to consolidate and develop the base areas, and then won the victory of the revolution.Why did the socialist Soviet Union lose power overnight?The root cause is the long-term serious separation from the masses.In the report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a famous conclusion was put forward: the greatest political advantage of our party is its close ties with the masses, and the greatest danger of the party after it takes power is its separation from the masses.This is the party's most profound experience in mass work. At present, the domestic and foreign environment that the party is facing and the state of the party's ranks have undergone major changes. We should be soberly aware that under the new historical conditions, the danger of the party's separation from the masses has greatly increased.Whether it can correctly handle the relationship between the party and the people, and whether it can always maintain the flesh-and-blood ties between the party and the people has become the most severe test facing the party.We must keep in mind that the support and support of the people is the source of the party's strength and the foundation of victory, and that keeping close ties with the masses is the party's fine tradition and political advantage.At any time and under any circumstances, the stand of sharing the same fate with the masses of the people cannot be changed, the purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly cannot be forgotten, and the viewpoint of historical materialism that firmly believes that the masses are the real heroes cannot be lost. Emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts are the living soul of Marxism. "Proceed from reality, integrate theory with practice, seek truth from facts, test and develop the truth in practice", this is the ideological line of our party.As early as May 1930, Mao Zedong put forward the theory that "the victory of China's revolutionary struggle depends on the Chinese comrades' understanding of China's situation" in his article "Against Bookletism".However, the "Left" deviation in the party caused serious setbacks to the Chinese revolution.In the process of repeated setbacks, the party reflected on the experience and lessons of success and failure, and gradually realized that only by establishing a correct ideological line can the "Left" error be fundamentally resolved. The Zunyi Conference in 1935 truly established the ideological line of seeking truth from facts. During the establishment and development of the Shaanxi-Gansu border revolutionary base areas, the loss of Sicunyuan and Zhaojin revolutionary bases successively, as well as the subsequent erroneous "elimination of counter-revolutionaries", were all the evil results of "Left" errors. In November 1933, Liu Zhidan presided over the Baojiazhai Conference and established the strategic policy of the Shaanxi-Gansu border revolutionary base centered on the opening of Nanliang in a pragmatic manner, thus making the struggle for the "armed separatism of the two peasants" in the Shaanxi-Gansu border on the right track. On the track of development, the construction of base areas has also entered a new period of development.The practice of the establishment and development of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Base Areas has proved that when the ideological line of seeking truth from facts is adhered to, the revolutionary cause will prosper, and when it deviates from this line, the revolutionary cause will suffer setbacks. For this reason, no matter at any time, we must adhere to the party's ideological line of seeking truth from facts, and we should put safeguarding the fundamental interests of the people and improving people's living standards in the first place.We must develop Marxism creatively in light of our country's national conditions and specific realities.We should use the Marxist way of thinking to observe, think and solve China's development problems, and take the road of scientific development. This is the best way to uphold and develop Marxism. Always rooted in the people, fully trusting and closely relying on the people, doing everything for the people, is the most significant sign that a Marxist political party is different from other political parties.Only by closely relying on the masses, closely contacting the masses, and always representing the interests of the masses, can we gather a strong force and maintain the party's advanced nature forever.From the day of its birth, our party has persisted in seeking liberation and happiness for the broad masses of the people.In the process of establishing the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Base Area, the Communists represented by Liu Zhidan, Xie Zichang, and Xi Zhongxun have always been closely connected with the masses of the people and depended on each other. They have always insisted on relying on the masses, coming from the masses, and going to the masses to form He established the work line and fine traditions of close contact with the masses, and with the full support of the people, established the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Base and the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region Soviet Government with Nanliang as the center. Under the new historical conditions, our majority of party members and cadres can consciously contact the masses in practice.But it cannot be denied that there are indeed some party members and cadres who are divorced from the masses, some party members and leading cadres use their power for personal gain, and even some individuals have degenerated into corrupt elements.The actions of these people have affected the party's prestige among the people and destroyed the relationship between the party and the masses and the cadres and the masses.If these problems cannot be effectively resolved, the consequences will be disastrous.Therefore, each of our party members, especially party members and leading cadres, must be an example of connecting with the masses, and put the party's advanced nature into the development of advanced productive forces, democratic politics, advanced culture, building a harmonious society, and realizing the greatest The fundamental interests of the people come up.One is to respect civil rights.It is necessary to go deep into the masses, understand the masses, care for the masses, hand over the principles and policies of the party and the government to the masses, clearly tell the masses the practical difficulties and problems in the work, clearly explain the development prospects to the masses, and communicate the party and the government. The government's decision-making deployment becomes the conscious action of the people.The second is to unblock public opinion.It is necessary to fully develop inner-party democracy and people's democracy, further smooth the channels for the people to participate in the construction and management of the country and society, promote the institutionalization, standardization and proceduralization of socialist democracy, and ensure the maximum realization of the fundamental interests of the people.The third is to comply with the wishes of the people.We must take the people's support or disapproval, approval or disapproval, happiness or disapproval, and acceptance or disapproval as the starting point and destination of all work, and accept the supervision of the people based on this standard, and take the wishes of the people as the first responsibility. Make sure that power is exercised by the people, love is for the people, and benefits are for the people, so that the broad masses of the people can become generally prosperous, continuously promote the sustainable, coordinated and healthy development of the economy and society, and realize the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.