Chapter 20 Chapter 6 Sisters
Hou Qiaolian——a villager in Jiazhang Village, Xiyan Town, Yuxian County, Shanxi Province
Liu Mianchang——a villager in Yangquan Village, Xipan Township, Yu County, Shanxi Province
Huang Youliang——a villager in Jiama Village, Tianzai Township, Lingshui County, Hainan
Words convey more depth than images, but not always.
Whether it's Hou Qiaolian's weeping blood, Liu Mianchang's peaceful memories, or even Huang Youliang's incomprehensible Li dialect, the reality behind these ordinary images is as sharp as a sharp knife, piercing people's bones.
I have not communicated directly with these victimized women.To this day, I still feel that this is my biggest regret, like I owe them a debt.
Throughout the creation process, there will always be faces in front of my eyes.I dare not look too much at these faces, especially their eyes.I still have trouble deciphering the meaning of those eyes, even after finishing this episode.
On the other hand, I was also thinking: If I really had contact with them face to face, would I still have the courage to face the facts behind these women.They are the most ordinary Chinese women, and they are also the most ordinary Chinese. The war did not bring them the disaster of leaving their homes, but it carved a scar on their hearts and bodies.
In the hearts of Chinese people, there are several things that can never be let go of the problems left over from the war, such as the Nanjing Massacre, such as bacterial experiments, such as "comfort women".
But not being able to let go and not being able to forget are two different things.In film and television dramas, the word "comfort" can already be used to make jokes, so what is it?
If "cannot be forgotten" is such a form of expression, then complete forgetting is the best care, right?
What is tragedy?
The term "comfort women" in Japan's "Kōjien" is interpreted as "a woman who accompanied the army to the field and comforted officers and soldiers".More scholars have defined the term "comfort women" as: during World War II, women who were forced to provide sexual services to Japanese soldiers and serve as sex slaves were the exclusive sex slaves of the Japanese army.
These humiliated Chinese women are not the "comfort women" defined in "Kōjien" at all, they are completely victims of sexual violence by the Japanese army!This is not just a conceptual interpretation, but also an understanding and sympathy for these victims themselves.It's just a pity that this interpretation was redefined after many years.
Liu Mianhuan once said that she doesn't care what others think of her. In general, this seems to be the best ending.But no one can understand her heart.It took a lot of courage for her to be interviewed and recall those painful experiences again! ?
In the same way, when it comes to the ethics and morals that have not changed for thousands of years, what kind of psychological entanglements do they need to face if they can stand up?
It's hard for me to understand Liu Mianhuan's mentality, but I believe that her "don't care what others think of her" is just an expression of her strong side, not all.All her life she had faced a look that could kill.That's why she sighed that "I'm not as good as a human being", and that's why she has been seeking an explanation from the Japanese lawsuit.
Chinese women have an innate tenacity, which has lasted for thousands of years. They show tenacious vitality and full of hope in times of crisis and hardship.If there is a day when the Japanese government bows its head and pleads guilty to the issue of sexual violence, apologizes and compensates, will many victimized women like Liu Mianhuan still be able to continue to live strong?
The cemetery of victim Hou Qiaolian is already illegible. Like her, these victims had no history in life and no tombstone after death.
There were always faces before my eyes, and then those faces disappeared.
In May 1999, Hou Qiaolian, a 71-year-old from Jiazhang Village, Xiyan Town, Yuxian County, Shanxi Province, passed away. Everyone who knew her experience sighed deeply and shed tears silently.People remember what she said more than once during her lifetime: "My life is only 14 years."
Hou Qiaolian said before her death: "Thinking of those things in the past, I was really in pain. I was still a 14-year-old doll at the time, and I couldn't bear that."
On March 18, 2005, the Tokyo High Court of Japan rejected the lawsuits of Chinese comfort women Hou Qiaolian and Guo Xicui asking the Japanese government for apology and compensation.The lawsuit was filed by the two in the Tokyo District Court in February 1996. In May 2001, the Tokyo District Court confirmed the fact that they had been sexually abused, but made a judgment to dismiss their claims. In March 2002, the children of Guo Xicui and Hou Qiaolian appealed to the Tokyo High Court.
On the same day, at the gate of the Tokyo High Court, Chinese and Japanese righteous people unfurled banners of solidarity with the words "improper judgment" and "restore dignity".Guo Xicui, Hou Qiaolian's hometown, was sitting in a wheelchair, holding a portrait of Hou Qiaolian in his hand, with a sad expression on his face.
On the portrait, Hou Qiaolian's wrinkled face is full of vicissitudes.
What happened to this woman?What kind of humiliation did she, they, victims of sexual violence in China during the Anti-Japanese War experience, cause a lifetime of suffering?
One early morning in April 1942, the devils from the Japanese stronghold in Jingui Village, Yuxian County, Shanxi Province went out to "sweep up".This stronghold, the local villagers used to call it the gun tower.There were not many Japanese soldiers in the blockhouse, only a few people from the First Squadron of the 4th Brigade, 14th Brigade, and the 1st Squadron of the 4th Brigade of the Independent Mixed Brigade of the Japanese Army stationed there.
In an ordinary house in Yangquan Village not far from Jingui Village, 15-year-old Liu Mianhuan and his family are preparing for breakfast.Liu Mianchang, a young girl in the blooming season, has grown into one of the most handsome girls in a radius of ten miles.
There was a noise outside, and the devil came.
Liu Mianhuan recalled: "I remember that day was the 20th day of the third lunar month. We had already taken off our cotton clothes. The devils surrounded Yangquan Village." Not particularly unexpected.After a while, it became a little quieter outside.Suddenly, two "black legs" kicked open the door of her house.
"They entered the house and told me to go out to a meeting. Who dares to go out to a meeting with them! I won't go out, and they beat me, dragging me out while beating me."
"Black Leg" ignored Liu Mian's begging to change her family, and dragged her out of the gate.Liu Mianhuan saw that outside the door, several Japanese soldiers were escorting two sisters from the same village, kicking and beating them while shouting loudly.Liu Mianhuan suddenly realized what was going to happen, was terrified, and resisted.
"Then I won't leave. They hit me in the face with the belt, beat and pulled. After pulling for a while, I didn't leave. They beat me again, but I didn't leave. They tied me up with a rope. If you want me to leave, if I don’t leave, just hit me.” Liu Mianhuan recalled, “I was lying on the ground, but they picked me up again, beat me with a shovel, and broke my shoulder bones. It hurts too much, especially when the weather changes.”
Liu Mianhuan is the only daughter in the family. She used to have several older brothers and sisters, but they all died. According to the local custom, her parents made a face substitute for her and buried her in the ground, which means to tell the ghosts and gods that the child is no longer alive. and named her "Mianhua".The young Liu Mianhuan escaped the legendary life-threatening ghost and survived, but he failed to escape the real ghost when he grew up.
In Yangquan Village, a small village with less than 300 people, three girls, including Liu Mianhuan, were arrested and put into the blockhouse.
This year, in Jiazhang Village not far from Yangquan Village, a girl named Hou Qiaolian was also arrested and put into the gun tower.No one knows the exact date when Hou Qiaolian was taken away, but one thing is certain, Hou Qiaolian was born in 1928 and was under 14 years old when she was taken away.
In April 1942, Huang Youliang, a girl from the Li ethnic group in Jiama Village, Tianzai Township, Lingshui County, Hainan Province, and four other sisters in the village were taken into the comfort station of the devils and became comfort women.When she was taken away, Huang Youliang resisted in vain. She was only 15 years old.She had never heard of the word "comfort women" before, and it was only later that she realized how heavy the word was.
According to the definition given by Su Zhiliang, an expert on the issue of comfort women in China, "'comfort women' refers to women who are forced to provide sexual services to Japanese soldiers and serve as sexual slaves under the orders of the Japanese government or the army; The system that the government forces women from all over the world to serve as sex slaves for Japanese soldiers and systematically equips the Japanese army with sex slaves is an institutionalized and irrefutable government crime committed by Japanese fascists that violates humanitarianism, gender ethics, and war conventions The history of comfort women is also the unprecedented and most tragic record of enslavement in the history of women in the world."
The comfort women system began with the Songhu Incident in early 1932.At that time, there were 40,000 Japanese soldiers in Shanghai, and there were many incidents of rape of women in the field, which aroused severe condemnation from the public opinion in China and other countries.In order to prevent larger-scale rape incidents and prevent the spread of venereal diseases among officers and soldiers, and thus affect the military discipline and combat effectiveness of the Japanese army, Neiji Okamura, deputy chief of staff of the Shanghai Dispatch Army, decided to set up some places to provide sexual services for Japanese officers and soldiers.A group of prostitutes from Nagasaki, Japan were sent to Shanghai, and the headquarters of the dispatched army sent them to the frontline positions, and the first batch of comfort stations were established in Wusong and other places.After the war, Neiji Okamura admitted: "I am the initiator of the absence of the shameless comfort women system."
After the outbreak of the full-scale war of aggression against China, the earliest comfort station set up by the Japanese army in China was the "Yangjiazhai Entertainment Station" in Shanghai. On January 2, 1938, the first batch of 104 comfort women arrived at Wusong Wharf in Shanghai by boat, including 24 Japanese women who were mostly prostitutes and 80 Korean women who were lured. Women from good families were the first to be used as sexual tools.
Since then, comfort stations have sprung up throughout China.
In June 1938, Naozaburo Okabe, chief of staff of the North China Front, issued instructions to the hundreds of thousands of troops under his command to set up comfort stations.
In July 1941, the Kwantung Army formulated a plan to recruit 20,000 Korean comfort women and transport them to Manchuria.As for the forced conscripting of Chinese women in the battlefield, it is more common.From then on, almost wherever Japanese troops were stationed, there were comfort stations, and comfort women could be seen there.
In December 1941, with the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese army extended comfort stations to Southeast Asia.
Su Zhiliang’s research found that, in terms of the nationality of the comfort women, in addition to Japan, they are mainly from North Korea and China, and there are also women from various parts of Southeast Asia, such as Singapore, the Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, and some islands in the Pacific Ocean. Aboriginal residents, Chinese and Eurasians, etc., and a small number of Russian women. "I infer that more than 400,000 women from various countries have become victims of this military sexual slavery system." He said that the main comfort women are women from China and North Korea. More than 200,000".
Su Zhiliang believes: "In brief, the comfort women system of the Japanese army during the war has the following characteristics: first, the sources of comfort women, except for a small number of prostitutes, are mainly plundered women from good families in various countries; second, most comfort stations implement contraceptive measures , and in places where conditions permit, once a week or two weeks for the comfort women, of course, the purpose is not to protect the comfort women, but to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases in the Japanese army; Satisfying the sexual desires of Japanese soldiers, most of them were in a state of hunger and cold, overworked without any pay, especially Korean and Chinese women, who were subjected to violence and abuse, not only completely lost their personal freedom, but also at any time could be killed."
Japanese scholar Toyomi Asano believes: "The comfort station has become a part of the Japanese military organization. The highest goal is to adjust the mental and physical state of the soldiers and serve the war. The Japanese military's comfort station on the front line of the Chinese battlefield must ensure that every non-commissioned officer can lead the troops to go to the comfort station on a regular basis. This can be illustrated by the regulations of the institute. Even when the front line is about to be attacked by the enemy, the 'comfort women' originally set up under peaceful conditions cannot seek asylum, but are forced and Soldiers continue to stay on the front lines of the battle together. At a time when the situation on the front lines is becoming more and more dangerous, the 'comfort women' seem to be accepted as a parting gift of their death and defeat on the battlefield."
On September 3, 1944, during the Battle of Matsuyama, a reporter accompanying the US Army Advisory Group took a photo. On the left side of the photo was an expeditionary soldier with a gun, and beside him were four captured Japanese comfort women. Ragged and emaciated, one of the comfort women was pregnant.This most shocking photo of comfort women in the world has made many people aware of the existence of comfort women.
In Songshan that year, before the doomsday came, the Japanese army adopted different treatment methods for the comfort women: some of the Korean comfort women were forced to commit suicide by swallowing mercury chloride tablets, and some were concentrated in a trench and thrown into a grenade bomb die.A comfort woman was brutally killed by the Japanese army with a walking stick from the mouth to the abdomen because she refused to take poison.
According to the recollection of a Japanese soldier who escaped from Matsuyama, this happened before he escaped:
A non-commissioned officer at the headquarters asked me to "kill all the comfort women" and gave me ten packets of mercury powder.He said, "Kill all the women and feed them poisoned rice balls." I replied, "That's stupid. They'll survive anyway, and who cares if they're captured by the coalition forces What?" He said, "Then let you die." Instead of poisoning these women, I threw the mercury powder bag into a pot filled with water.A North Korean "comfort woman" said that "it would be better to be a prisoner".There were many orders that I couldn't understand, such as "kill all the women".
Huang Youliang, who was captured in a comfort station, became one of the 200,000 Chinese comfort women who were abducted by the Japanese army.In fact, Huang Youliang's tragic fate began a year ago.
A year ago, 14-year-old Huang Youliang started helping his family with farm work.One morning in spring, Huang Youliang was carrying rice and walking on a country road when she heard someone behind her telling her to stop.
Huang Youliang recalled: "I looked back and saw that it was a Japanese soldier, ready to run away, but Japanese soldiers came and surrounded me from all directions, and I couldn't run away."
The little girl was petrified by the scene in front of her, the burden fell from her shoulders, and the rice was scattered all over the ground.A bearded Japanese soldier roared loudly, and the rest of the Japanese soldiers laughed wantonly and approached step by step. "A Japanese soldier came and hugged me and kissed me on the face. Then another man hugged me behind my back, took off my clothes, and the one in front was still groping on my chest. I grabbed that one The Japanese soldier bit his hand hard, and he let go." Huang Youliang recalled that the Japanese soldier who had been bitten on his hand became furious, his face became contorted, and he took up his saber and wanted to chop at his head. "One of the officers told him to stop, so he stopped and stood aside. So many Japanese soldiers were laughing loudly, and I burst into tears."
Huang Youliang recalled that those ferocious Japanese soldiers walked away amidst her cries.She dressed, picked up the empty load, and rushed home.When I got home, my father had gone to the mountain to cut firewood and hadn’t come back. Only my blind mother was at home.She didn't expect that a Japanese soldier who followed quietly jumped out from behind her, hugged her tightly, ignored her resistance, pressed her on the bed and raped her. "My mother couldn't see, she only heard the voice, and she didn't know what it was. Later, my mother asked me why I was crying, and I said, the Japanese soldiers raped me."
The sudden disaster made the family angry and frightened.At night, his father sent Huang Youliang to a neighbor's house for a temporary stay. "All night, I curled up in the quilt and sobbed, and my father sighed heavily outside the house." Huang Youliang said.
The family did not expect that the nightmare was far from over.
Huang Youliang recalled: "The next day, a Japanese military officer brought some soldiers to my house to look for me, but they couldn't find me, so they beat my parents. I heard at the neighbor's house that my parents were in pain like dying cows lying on the ground. Groaning, miserable. I went home."
When he returned home and saw his parents collapsed on the ground, Huang Youliang cried and threw himself on his parents.The Japanese soldier stepped forward and pulled her up, smiling triumphantly.
"My father said, 'I told you not to come back. Why are you coming back?' Like that, how can I bear it if I don't go back?" Huang Youliang said, "That Japanese officer raped me."
After the devil left, the villagers came, and they could only remain silent.
For a whole year after that, the devils often came to Huang Youliang's house to ravage her until she was arrested and sent to the comfort station.
After Huang Youliang was arrested and sent to a comfort station, he was sexually abused day after day.
Huang Youliang recalled: "I was stripped of my clothes and raped. If I disobeyed, I would be beaten. I was hit on the head."
Huang Youliang said that she and her sisters had to do heavy labor during the day, such as washing, cooking, growing vegetables, and chopping firewood. At night, they had to endure torture. "Sometimes two or three Japanese soldiers came to rape each person in one night. The sisters lived in the same room, you saw me, I saw you."
Some sisters couldn't bear it and committed suicide with hatred.Huang Youliang didn't want to die here, she wanted to escape, but the Japanese guarded the comfort station very strictly. "The door of the room we lived in was not locked, and Japanese soldiers were standing guard outside."
Huang Youliang recalled: In order to prevent them from escaping, the devils cruelly tattooed tattoos on their bodies, which became an indelible symbol of humiliation.A sister named Chen Youhong was severely beaten while fleeing and died in the arms of her sisters two days later.
At this time, in the Guizi Paolou in Jingui Village, Xipan Township, Yuxian County, Shanxi Province, 14-year-old Hou Qiaolian was in pain.
"I suffered from that, and it was in excruciating pain." Hou Qiaolian recalled during her lifetime.As soon as she was caught in the blockhouse, she was raped. Her whole body was in pain, and she couldn't sit or lie down. She curled up in a ball, like a dead person, and spent the night in the corner.
On the day he was caught in the gun tower, Liu Mianchang clutched his collar tightly and squatted on the ground, not daring to lift his head.
Liu Mianhuan recalled: "A Japanese army captain who the locals called him 'Donkey' came in, looked at me and smiled, and said, 'Flower Girl, okay. In the cave. There was not even a mat in the cave. At night, I was taken to another house by a Japanese soldier. I was ruined by the team leader. I was finally sent back to the cave at dawn. That night, a few more Japanese soldiers came, and I called for help. They stuffed my mouth with a handkerchief... 5 Japanese , and then two more came in, a total of 7. After they left, I couldn't get up anymore."
The cave is dark, with only a little cold moonlight.
"I cry every day." The old man's face changed and his voice trembled.
Later, a traitor also came to spoil Liu Mian in exchange. "He pulled out a knife from under the pillow and said, 'I'll kill you if you don't take off your clothes.' I got scared and he took off my clothes."
There, Liu Mianhuan was eaten poorly. "Two meals a day are delivered every morning, which are unpeeled potatoes and millet porridge."
Liu Mianchang, who was ravaged every day, was beaten for disobedience, and one arm was seriously injured.Her activities are severely restricted. "I can only go out to go to the toilet, check the weather, and then I have to go back. Then I can't go, so I crawl out."
More than 40 days later, some of the sisters who were arrested with her had already died. Liu Mianchang could not sit or walk.She "wish she had died sooner".
Liu Mian's experience of changing life was worse than death lasted for more than 40 days. "In just over a month, my father went to the devil's stronghold 8 times, but he couldn't see me. Some villagers who saw me said to him: 'Your daughter will not survive if she is locked up. I was swollen." My father became even more anxious. He sought out relatives and begged the Japanese to let me go home for treatment. To save me, my father sold all the valuables in the house and gave a flock of sheep to the Japanese army. Let me go home for treatment."
Liu Mianchang's father carried her home in a basket. "When I returned home, I couldn't move for half a year, and my mother waited on me. At that time, I couldn't hold a bowl for meals. The family was too poor to live, and there was nothing to eat or drink, so I picked some wild vegetables and leaves to eat." Liu Mianhuan said .
Hou Qiaolian was also released.When she went home, she found that all the valuables in the house had been looted by the Japanese, except for an earthen kang.Later, she found out that she was pregnant.
After killing the child, Hou Qiaolian went crazy.
In 1944, Huang Youliang, who had experienced a long life in hell, escaped from the comfort station with the help of fellow villagers, and his family left their homes.
After the war, Huang Youliang went home, but at this time, she had to face another kind of intrusion.
"After I came back, I found that the whole village knew that I had been taken to the comfort station by the Japanese, and people often talked about it behind my back." Huang Youliang said.
After Liu Mian changed his body and recovered, he no longer went out. "The experience of humiliation made her very introverted, because she felt that everyone's eyes were full of contempt." Su Zhiliang, who once talked with Liu Mianhuan, said, "But in comparison, she is not the worst. Yes. Some people were not redeemed, but died inside; some were redeemed, but the chastity concept of society could not tolerate them, so they committed suicide; some people lost their fertility after being ravaged by the Japanese army, and had no children in their later years. There is a case."
Liu Mianhuan said: "A few years later, when I grew up, my parents said that my daughter can't stay in the house and suffer with us. My father said to people: 'Ask someone for my daughter.' People said: 'Your daughter is not It's easy to find a partner, because it was ruined by the Japanese, it's the same as a widow or a second marriage.'”
Later, Liu Mianhuan had a partner, who was 10 years older than him, widowed, with a child.He knew what happened to Liu Mianhuan and never mentioned it.
Liu Mianhuan's husband died early, and she raised five children alone.The children were once laughed at by the villagers when they were working in the fields, saying that their mother was a woman who had entered the devil's blockhouse. "It's the past, so there's no need to talk about it. I'm not afraid if people want to make fun of me." Liu Mianhuan said.
The humiliating experience many years ago still lingers in Liu Mianhuan's heart. "I often think about these things. One night, my little granddaughter said, "Grandma, what are you screaming for when you sleep? I said I had a nightmare and I screamed in fear. I didn't want to tell the child, but it was actually a dream that the devil dragged me away again." In that cave dwelling, people live opposite, and they often hear someone crying at night, and that’s us.”
The crazy woman Hou Qiaolian married twice and gave birth to 6 children.What the second daughter doesn't understand is that every time the mother goes crazy, she has to run into the toilet and hide it, sometimes for a few days without pulling it out.
Hou Qiaolian's second daughter recalled: "She said at every turn, cut off my head and carried it to the ditch to wash it clean. Her main problem was her head. She went crazy, didn't know anything, and got up and ran in the middle of the night. I looked at her intently. She suffers, and we suffer too. Our suffering is a trivial matter, but the main reason is that she suffered too much."
In 1996, Hou Qiaolian and Guo Xicui, a fellow villager who was also arrested in the turret, filed a lawsuit in the Tokyo District Court.
In 1999, Hou Qiaolian, who "lived only 14 years", passed away, and she did not wait for the verdict. Four years later, her grave is illegible. Eight years later, her case came to a final conclusion: the Supreme Court of Japan made a final judgment, affirming the fact that the plaintiff was kidnapped and raped by the Japanese invaders during World War II, but rejected her claim for apology and compensation from the Japanese government.
On November 28, 2001, Huang Youliang walked into the Tokyo District Court of Japan and appeared in court on behalf of the lifelong injuries suffered by eight Chinese Hainan women during the Japanese war of aggression against China. He proposed that the Japanese government should face up to the fact of past aggression and formally apologize to the Chinese people , Public apology, and financial compensation to each plaintiff.
In August 2006, the Tokyo District Court made a first-instance judgment, rejecting the claims of eight plaintiffs including Huang Youliang.
In March 2009, the second-instance judgment made by the Tokyo High Court still rejected the plaintiff's claim.
In March 2010, the Supreme Court of Japan made a final judgment and upheld the original judgment.
Liu Mianhuan took a road of transnational litigation similar to that of Hou Qiaolian and Huang Youliang.Since 1995, she has gone to Japan to testify in court five times, seeking justice for her dignity. "I don't think it's ugly. If it's ugly, the Japanese government and the Japanese invaders are ugly. We want to expose their ugliness." Liu Mianhuan said.
During the second trial of the case in the winter of 2004, Liu Mianchang suffered from severe stomach bleeding, and she still strongly demanded to go to Japan to file a lawsuit.She said: "This is not just my own business. As long as I have a sigh of relief, I will fight the lawsuit with Japan."
Although the final result of losing the lawsuit was difficult for the old man to accept, she had already regained her dignity.
In November 2001, Liu Mianhuan participated in a testimonial meeting on the comfort women issue at a university in Tokyo.Japanese veteran Anji Kaneko attended the meeting to testify for the sex crimes committed by the Japanese invaders.After the meeting, Kaneko Anci had a conversation with Liu Mianhuan.
Kaneko Anji wrote in his memoirs: "At that time, I told Granny Liu that I wanted to help raise funds. Although it was not a large amount, I brought it and asked her to accept it. But Granny Liu said, I don't want it, absolutely not. I Said, I did a lot of bad things during the war, and I did irreparable wrong things to many people. I wanted to give her the money. The lawyer also helped me get it, but she still refused to accept it. Granny Liu said, you are open and honest. Stand up, so your money is not needed. I just want official compensation from the Japanese government."
Granny Liu, with a firm expression, and An Ci, who exposed her crimes to the victim, were surrounded by many staff.
"Is the body okay?"
The lawyer translated An Ci's words.
"It's okay, we will continue to work hard in the future."
Granny Liu looked at the interpreter and Anci, and answered with a gentle smile.
"I'll do my best."
Anji replied, and the two shook hands together.
At the end of 1937, the Japanese army abducted more than 2,000 women in Suzhou, 3,000 women were coerced by the Japanese army in Wuxi, and 20,000 women were robbed in Hangzhou alone.
In 1938, during the First World War in Xuzhou, 23 Chinese female prisoners of war were forced into Japanese military brothels.
In November 1939, the Japanese army in Guangzhou forcibly organized more than 2,000 women detained in Huang Deguang Hospital into the "Girl Consolation Group".
At the beginning of 1940, the Japanese Army Comfort Station in Xinjie City, Gan'an County, Hainan was established, and more than 40 local young women were forcibly dispatched.
In the spring of 1943, the Japanese army "mopped up" Yilin, Jiangsu, captured local women and sent them to military brothels.
In May 1944, the Tianjin Defense Command of the Japanese Army forced 150 Chinese prostitutes to go to the Japanese comfort station in Kaifeng, Henan.
There are many comfort stations for the Japanese army in various parts of China.Su Zhiliang said: "From the current survey situation, there are at least 60 comfort stations in Nanjing, and there are more than 60 comfort stations in Wuhan. There are more than 60 Japanese military comfort stations in Hainan Island. According to the author's investigation, all kinds of comfort stations in Shanghai There are at least 83 comfort stations."
Park Yong-shin (North Korea): "Even if I die, I have to prove that I am the comfort woman who was ravaged by the Japanese devils, and I have to identify the comfort station where I was imprisoned. I want those guys to admit that I am not lying. They will honestly apologize to me!"
Kim Hak-soon (Korea): "I am a woman, but I haven't lived a day like a woman until today. I don't know how to describe the hatred that has been buried in my heart for 50 years. It is only because of the Japanese that I am like this I've lived my life. I don't know how to get rid of this hatred."
Marisa (Philippines): "What the Japanese soldiers did to me is unimaginable. What they did was brutal. They were like beasts. They were worse than beasts."
The first is snatching.On the battlefield or when occupying urban and rural areas, the Japanese army openly used violence to rob Chinese women to serve as comfort women, and also secretly robbed local women after occupying a place.After the Japanese army invaded Shanghai and plundered Chinese women, they "stripped off their clothes and tattooed numbers on their shoulders" in public.After the Japanese army occupied Wuhu, they even went to the nunnery to snatch young nuns.
Second, captives were used as comfort women.When these female captives could no longer be sex slaves, they were usually dragged to the open space by Japanese recruits to serve as living targets for assassination exercises.
The third is deceit and deception.The Japanese army and overseas Chinese often tricked Chinese women into serving as comfort women in the name of recruiting workers, cooking, and washing clothes at the beginning of their occupation.
The fourth is to rely on traitor organizations to force women from good families or prostitutes to serve as comfort women.When Nanjing fell, the Japanese army ordered the puppet organization to take advantage of the issuance of good citizen certificates to detain thousands of women and serve as comfort women in Northeast China and other places.In Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou and other major cities, many prostitutes were forcibly recruited as comfort women.After the Japanese army invaded Wuhu, they often sent people to brothels to force famous prostitutes to work in the Japanese comfort station in turn.
On April 27, 2007, the Supreme Court of Japan made the final judgment on the Chinese comfort women lawsuit, affirming the fact that the Chinese comfort women were kidnapped and raped by the Japanese invaders during World War II. The plaintiff's claim was dismissed on the grounds that the "Sino-Japanese Joint Statement" gave up the Chinese people's right to claim personal compensation.
Su Zhiliang believes that the two grounds for losing the case announced by the Japanese court cannot be established. "In the Sino-Japanese Joint Statement, the signing of the treaty refers to the waiver of compensation by the Chinese government, but does not include the waiver of compensation by Chinese citizens, so it cannot be established. Regarding the issue of statute of limitations, the statute of limitations is only valid for domestic laws. This is a war crime and a violation of human rights. , there is no question of statute of limitations."
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