Chapter 18 Chapter 4 Escape 731
Zuo Xianliang——Worked as a worker in the 731 Bacterial Unit
Zhu Yufen——a villager in Shanhe Village, Mishan County, Heilongjiang
Yoshio Shinozuka—a student in the Junior Class of Unit 731 of the Japanese Invading Army
Hiroshi Matsumoto——He was a medical soldier in the 1644th Unit of the Japanese Invasion Army
Yue Dingnan——At that time, he was the driver of the transport team of Unit 731 of the Japanese Invasion Army
Tang Qianqian——A military doctor at the Shanxi Lu'an Hospital of the Japanese Invaders
Mio Toyoshi—a member of the Dalian Gendarmerie of the Japanese Kwantung Army
"The film is not directly and simply reflected for everyone to see, such as showing the tragedy of the war and showing people's anti-war sentiment. It is not a simple display of violence or corpses, but how to shorten the distance from reality. I hope the audience will reflect on it, not Exciting scene."
This is a speech made by Asian director Li Cangdong in the class of "New Director Project".By analogy, I think this kind of thinking is also applicable to documentaries.
Watching the movie "Black Sun 731" when I was young, I only remembered the eerie atmosphere. I really started to understand this and have a new understanding. In the album, I was deeply moved by the faces of 100 old Chinese people filled with vicissitudes.
More than 60 years ago, they experienced the war and were the survivors of the war. These lucky survivors were unfortunately infected by bacteria.The wounds left by the war are festering every day.The war is over, but the torment brought to the soul by the body has never stopped.
Every time I see those faces and wounds, I can't suppress the sadness in my heart, and I can't help but want to explore what kind of history is hidden behind the faces full of pain.Fortunately, I found the answer in Yoshio Shinozuka's story.
In 1939, Yoshio Shinozuka was a 15-year-old Japanese boy. His school at that time was conducting military training every day. In order to escape the beatings of the instructors, Yoshio Shinozuka joined the army and signed up. He came to China with many classmates .Because recruiters promised: "If they join the army, they will get scholarships in the future, and they may be assigned to hospitals or aviation departments."
In 1942, Yoshio Shinozuka received a new task: to help military doctors prepare people who had been infected with bacteria and were about to undergo vivisection.In the dissection room, Yoshio Shinozuka cleaned the Chinese who were about to undergo vivisection with a scrub brush. The military doctor used a stethoscope to confirm that the victim was still alive. After the autopsy, Yoshio Shinozuka helped the surgeon remove the victim's internal organs .
After knowing the truth about germ warfare, Yoshio Shinozuka, who was formally incorporated into the army, faced harsh military laws.One is the very strict "Weapon Protection Law", which requires you not to listen to, see or talk about the work you are doing, and the other is the "Army Criminal Law", if anyone escapes from the army, he will be executed as a deserter.
In war, there are only killings, only bullet casings everywhere.
In 1945, Shiro Ishii destroyed all the evidence before fleeing China, and announced a strict military order to his subordinates: "You must never tell anything you did in the army!"
More than 60 years have passed, and some of the Japanese veterans who returned to China found that they began to suffer mental and spiritual torture.Because the process of their participation in germ warfare has never been disclosed, some people were sent to mental hospitals in fear all day long, and some people were disturbed because of such evil things and often moved.
Of course, many of them have not repented so far, and they even coerced a new generation of young people into the carnival of ignorance again.
On February 13, 1945, the first day of the Lunar New Year, heavy snow fell from central China to the southwest.The editorial of "Ta Kung Pao" on this day wrote: "The next year will be the most difficult year for our country. We have suffered for seven or eight years, and we will have the prospect of suffering for another year."
One day in June of this year, Zuo Xianliang, a young man who was doing farm work in Yanshou County, Heilongjiang, suddenly received an order from the Puppet District Office to recruit labor.On this day, more than 500 people in the county received the same order.
The workers were told that they would go to the border without a deadline.They don't know where the border is, but they have all heard that very few of those who are caught at the border to work as laborers can come back alive. "Someone warned us that no one is allowed to run back. Running back is still a death penalty, and both parents have to die." Zuo Xianliang recalled.
In the occupied area, they dare not resist.A train carrying more than 500 laborers slowly went away amidst the crying of family members.
"The police told us that anyone who looks out will have his head cut off." Zuo Xianliang and his workers were terrified.The rumbling train seemed to lead to hell.
A few days later, Zuo Xianliang and his fellow workers were escorted to the labor site—a field in Pingfang Town, Harbin.Zuo Xianliang remembers: "The big wall is more than ten feet high, surrounded by barbed wire, and there is a gate on the south side, with two guards."
There is only one door to enter and exit the factory area, and workers must go through the guards at the door to search and check each time before they can enter the factory area to work.Zuo Xianliang's job at that time was carpentry.
In Zuo Xianliang's memory, he was always in fear when working. "Working there, you are not allowed to inquire, if you don't want to look around, you can go, just go straight ahead, you can't look around. There are Japanese devils next to them, holding guns and bayonets, watching you take a look around , kill you with one shot."
According to Zuo Xianliang’s recollection, the Japanese army imposed twelve prohibitions on laborers: no passing by the site to look around, no talking about the site, no writing letters to relatives and friends, no whispering while working in the site, etc.If you violate the rules, you will be sentenced to death.However, over time, everyone has learned how to deal with it. "There are twenty or thirty warehouses in total. We work during the day, and when the guards pass by, we sneak a peek."
There is a gray building in the field, which is heavily guarded.Zuo Xianliang and his workers worked in the open space outside the gray building. They had no way of knowing what secrets were inside the building.
According to Zuo Xianliang's recollection: One day, two mice appeared on the construction site, "I was on the other side, and I heard someone say, trampled to death, trampled to death. I saw him pawing and digging out with a stick. Yellow mouse, big-eyed thief."
This small accident on the construction site attracted the Japanese.To the surprise of the workers, the Japanese foreman was furious because two mice were trampled to death. "The Japanese Guan Gang came. He carried a stick, half a shoulder pole long, and went up to beat him. The little man stood at attention, saluted him all the time, and said, Hay." Zuo Xianliang said, and the whole field resounded. There was a shrill siren.Things seemed to be more serious than everyone imagined, and the laborers were ordered to put down their tools and stand in line.
Zuo Xianliang, the tallest, stood at the front of the whole queue. "(The Japanese) came up to me, put the stick aside, threw it aside, slapped me across the face, raised his leg and kicked me, fell down as soon as he kicked, and his head buzzed all of a sudden. I thought, Okay, what are you doing hitting me?"
Zuo Xianliang had two teeth knocked out and his eardrums were bleeding. He rolled over and screamed in pain.Under the coercion of Japanese soldiers, other workers were forced to slap each other.
Zuo Xianliang remembers that later the Japanese foreman came to an interpreter and told everyone: "From now on, if you see a mouse, you will catch it alive. Don't trample it to death!"
Everyone is puzzled: Why do Japanese people care so much about mice?
The laborers were baffled by the rats.Yoshio Shinozuka, a 21-year-old Japanese soldier in the field, also had the same confusion.
Yoshio Shinozuka recalled that one day in 1939, in a middle school in Tokyo, Japan, a recruiter made a wonderful promise of loyalty to the emperor to the students: "If you join the army, you will be assigned to work in hospitals or aviation departments. He will also receive a large scholarship." Hearing this news, the boy Shinozuka Yoshio was very happy.
"At that time, schools in Japan were not places for study, but places for military training. They were constantly being trained, and they were often beaten by instructors. Because of this situation, I wanted to join the army even more, and I might be able to escape. So even the parents reported it without saying anything. name."
That year, Yoshio Shinozuka was only 15 years old, and he achieved excellent results in the entrance examination.Two months later, Yoshio Shinozuka came to China with a group of recruits to join the Japanese Kwantung Army's epidemic prevention and water supply department stationed in Pingfang Town, Harbin.
Regarding the origin of this unit, there is the following description (abridged) in the "History of the Crimes of the "Manchurian Unit 731"" co-written by Hideo Sakakihara, Yoshio Tamura, Hideo Qin Zhengshi, and Hideo Ogihara:
The P.O. box team number of the "Kwantung Army Epidemic Prevention and Water Supply Department" is "Manchurian Unit 731", which is a bacterial unit established by the emperor's order.
The Japanese rulers cultivated a group of "scientists" who could meet the needs of imperialist aggression.At that time, Shiro Ishii, the military doctor who served as the instructor of "Military Epidemic Prevention" at the Military Medical School, was a representative of this kind of "scientist".He was born in a landowner family in Kamo, Chiyodamura, Sanbu County, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. He graduated from the Medical School of Kyoto University as a student dispatched by the Army and became a military doctor.He is a stubborn, very cunning, ambitious man without any conscience.
On September 18, 1931, the Japanese army began to invade Northeast China, and in a blink of an eye, the Northeast fell.Ishii conveniently used the military police to arrest Chinese patriots as experimental "materials" to study the method of germ warfare. This is the most proud hand of the ogre king Ishii.
He asked for huge funds to set up a large-scale secret research institute in the Northeast to manufacture bacterial weapons for use in aggression.Ishii's request was immediately granted.Therefore, on the fertile land beside the shady river (Sanchakou, Wuchang County), which was once filled with the happy singing of spring plowing and autumn harvest, farmers were driven out of their homes and displaced.It is here that a secret force emerges to carry out the germ warfare conspiracy.This is the predecessor of Unit 731, the so-called "Kamo Unit" (built in 1933).
On July 7, 1937, Japanese militarists invaded China's customs.At this time, the fascists in the Japanese military headquarters felt more and more necessary to use bacterial weapons as powerful weapons to invade China and the Soviet Union.Therefore, Ishii forcibly occupied 2 square kilometers of arable land centered at Zhenghuangqitun, about 4 kilometers north of (Harbin) Pingfang Station, as the construction site for the construction of barracks, enslaved thousands of Chinese working people, and built a "bacteria manufacturing factory" on a large scale .
The exterior works were completed in 1937 and entered the stage of interior works in 1938.
The "Seventh Building" and "Eighth Building" for experiments on living people include about 120 celibate cells, as well as special laboratories (freeze injury research laboratory and decompression laboratory for research on aviation hygiene), laboratory , autopsy room, specimen room and various killing equipment; the "third building" and "fifth building" are bacteria cultivation rooms; the "fourth building" and "sixth building" are bacterial incubation rooms.The above projects and equipment have been completed successively.
With the unit as the center, within a radius of 8 kilometers, it is designated as a special area.With the "Border Ban Law" and the "Military Aircraft Protection Law" as amulets, from there to the outside streets, that is, on the streets of Shuangcheng Street, Lalin Street, Pingfang Street, and Acheng Street, there are often counterfeit Police and gendarmes closely monitor.In 23 villages in this land, 12,000 farmers have become slaves of Unit 731.
The personnel of Unit 731 also increased suddenly between 1939 and 1940.By 1942, the number of troops had reached more than 2,000.
On the other hand, after 1938, the core personnel of Unit 731 were placed in the occupied areas in various parts of China's customs.As a result, a bacterial warfare network was formed in various parts of China, and by July 1940, the bacterial warfare began against mainland China.
Both the Hague International Convention of 1907 and the Geneva Resolution of 1925 clearly stipulated that the use of suffocating gases, toxic gases, and biological and chemical weapons including bacteriological weapons was prohibited in war.Japan is a signatory to these two international treaties, but secretly established a bacterial force.
The Japanese Morimura Seiichi once interviewed some members of the former Unit 731, and wrote in his book "Devil's Paradise--The Truth about the Horror of the Kwantung Army's Bacterial Warfare Unit": "During the interview, I only learned a little bit from the conversations of the former team members. Get a glimpse of the terrifying and ferocious appearance of this unit. This unit 731 was originally a demonic unit derived from the Japanese Army. Its mission is to transfer biology and medicine to weapons Germ warfare prohibited by international law."
In the spring of 1940, Yoshio Shinozuka was assigned to the flea breeding department. "In the darkroom, the humidity was high and the temperature was very high. We could only go in for 30 to 40 minutes at a time. We were naked, covered with white clothes, and put on wooden slippers to breed fleas."
Yoshio Shinozuka initially thought that the task of the epidemic prevention water supply unit was to provide soldiers with safe drinking water. He couldn't understand why the epidemic prevention water supply unit was engaged in the breeding of fleas.
Yoshio Shinozuka was in charge of putting the rats into a dark room where a large number of fleas were raised every day. "The rats put in were all injected with Yersinia pestis, which produced a large number of fleas infected with Yersinia pestis."
According to Yoshio Shinozuka's recollection: The mass production of pathogenic bacteria was carried out according to the No. 10 Kwantung Army Operation Order.As for where and how the bacteria are used, he has no idea.It wasn't until 1941, when he was sent to perform a new mission, that he knew the real work of this epidemic prevention and water supply unit. "To confirm the lethality of the bacteria produced, it is actually a killing experiment." Yoshio Shinozuka said that the killing experiment required vivisection. "Why is vivisection necessary? Because when bacteria are cultivated, various bacteria will enter and rot. The bacteria in the dead body contain a lot of miscellaneous bacteria, so it must be dissected while the person is alive to extract the bacteria from the internal organs."
Zhu Yufen has never seen her father Zhu Yuntong, because when his father was captured by the Japanese soldiers, he didn't even have time to keep a photo for her.That year was 1941. In Shanhe Village, Mishan County, Heilongjiang, Zhu Yufen was born two months after her father was taken away.
Later, Zhu Yufen heard from the adults that her father and her second uncle Zhu Yunxiu were both soldiers of the Anti-Japanese Union, and that her second uncle was arrested during a secret mission.
According to Zhu Yufen's recollection: "My aunt got on the train and saw my second uncle at the junction of the carriages. The second uncle was wearing a padded jacket with his hands behind his back because he was tied up. My aunt said that the second brother What are you doing? He arched his lips, meaning that the Japanese Gendarmerie was there and was not allowed to speak. He just said, tell the family, I’m fine.”
A few days after Zhu Yunxiu was taken away, the Japanese military police came to Shanhe Village and kicked open the gate of Zhu Yuntong’s house because of the traitor’s report. With a nice name, he was taken into a car bound for the gendarmerie.
It was exactly 60 years later that Zhu Yufen saw the photo of her second uncle for the first time—a 150,000-word "Special Transfer File of the Kwantung Gendarmerie" was kept in the Crime Evidence Exhibition Hall of the 731st Unit of the Japanese Invasion Army in Harbin. , in the file, the names of Zhu Yuntong and Zhu Yunxiu are next to each other.The "Showa 16th Annual Disposal List of Spy Catchers" in the archives clearly shows that after Zhu Yuntong and Zhu Yunxiu were taken away, the destination they were escorted to was the Kwantung Army's epidemic prevention and water supply unit.
"It is very clear that those who are transported in must not get out alive." Said Toyoto Mio, a former Kwantung Army member of the Dalian Gendarmerie who was in charge of escorting the arrested Chinese to Unit 731.
Yue Dingnan, a former member of Unit 731, mentioned the situation of escorting the Chinese: "In order to cover up the frequent entry and exit of the same car, the license plate was constantly changed. During the escort, there were 3 people in the driver's cab, and the back compartment was full of 'road big', covered with thatch. Covering. In 5 years, a total of 3,000 people were transported.”
After Zhu Yufen's father and second uncle were escorted to Unit 731, her grandmother waited on the path outside the yard every day. The old man believed that the two sons would return safely one day. "My grandma took my mother to the gendarmerie and brought my father's padded jacket and trousers. The gendarmerie said, put your things here, and (your son) will be back in a few days."
However, the mother who was over 70 years old did not have a son who could look forward to returning to the day and night. Until the old man passed away, there was still no news of the two sons.
The Zhu brothers, like other Chinese who were escorted to Unit 731, suffered unimaginable torture here.
Hiroshi Matsumoto, former member of Unit 731, said: "When these captives came, they were still wearing clothes. They were assigned to each squad according to whether their physique was suitable for cholera or plague, etc., and then they stripped off their clothes. Put them in a small cage with a length and width of 50 centimeters. They cannot stand upright or lie down. There is a utensil for defecating in the cage, but other than that, there are no living utensils, not even paper for defecating. When they eat, they don’t give rice bowls, they just roll them up with paper, and these people stretch out their hands through the gaps in the iron railings to get them. Of course, they don’t have chopsticks or spoons, and they eat with their hands. Treatment. These captives were kept in cages for half a year, and they were considered to have developed resistance to bacteria, so they were sent to the treatment room."
Zuo Xianliang was also almost sent to the treatment room. In July 1945, he had been arrested and labored for more than a month. One afternoon, the team leader ordered him and an officer to go to the warehouse to pick up things.
According to Zuo Xianliang's recollection: the so-called warehouse is the mysterious gray building where laborers are strictly forbidden to approach on weekdays.There are several large machines in the shape of oil tanks in the empty workshop. Six Japanese people in yellow overalls, white gloves and masks are checking the machines.The officer who brought him into the warehouse walked over and whispered to one of them. "The man looked at me. What are you talking about? Japanese, I don't know."
Although he couldn't understand Japanese, Zuo Xianliang felt from the way the man looked at him that the other party seemed to be considering whether to keep him. "The man waved his hand, and the officer led me away again."
The officer brought Zuo Xianliang to several other Japanese in overalls.After looking at Zuo Xianliang, they all waved to the officer.
When Zuo Xianliang walked out of the hot workshop, his body was already drenched with sweat.After returning to the work shed, he was immediately surrounded by fellow workers. "They asked, what did you take? I said I didn't take anything. They all said, you're lucky. I said what's wrong? They said that none of the laborers brought by the Japanese came back."
"250 kilometers north of Harbin, there is an Anda field experiment site, where live people have been used to conduct bacterial bomb experiments many times: more than forty 'Maluda' are tied to crosses, arranged in a circle shape, and dropped towards the center Bacteria bombs made of pottery. The people we observed stood at a place about 4 kilometers away. They hardly heard any sound, but saw a cloud of smoke suddenly gushing out. In order not to make 'Maluda' die during the experiment, we placed a bomb on their chests. Hang iron plates and wear hats, because if they died, the experimental effect would not be observed." Yue Dingnan recalled, "During the experiment, a 'Ma Lu Da' untied the rope and fell from the cross. , and then the 'Maluda' were untied from the ropes tied to their bodies one by one, and fled in all directions, but the experimental site was very open, and there was no way to escape. Members of Unit 731 drove a car and ran over them to death one by one."
Yoshio Shinozuka was in charge of performing vivisections on Chinese people who were infected with bacteria in experiments. "I went there with all kinds of tools, and the person being dissected looked at me with contempt in his eyes, as if to say, do you count as a human being like this? I can only close my eyes."
The dissection process was brutal.
The following are the narrations of several former Unit 731 members:
Hu Tao Zezhengbang: "First anesthetize the person to be dissected, let him sleep, and then dissect, blood gushes out like running water from the faucet. Because of insufficient anesthesia, (the person to be dissected) sometimes wakes up in the middle. Dissecting Chinese women At that time, they shouted to save their children."
Tang Qianqian: "Prepare a large bottle with a tube connected to it. After the preparation, cut the blood vessel from the (dissected person's) thigh, and the blood will spurt out and flow into the large bottle from the tube. When the blood gradually stops, Let the military doctor on the scene press the (dissected person) chest to squeeze out the last blood in the heart. (The dissected person) convulsed, and this life was taken away. At this time, the blood that came out turned into blood bubbles, and together with the air from It's coming out of the pipe. We do this cruel thing."
Tang Qianqian: "There were two Chinese people who were blindfolded and had their hands tied. The guards pulled out a gun and shot them twice in the stomach. They were still struggling in pain. More than 40 of us carried them into the operating room. They went, and then began the surgical practice. The chief of the military surgeon said in a military high-pitched voice, keep them alive until the testicles are cut off."
Matsumoto Hiroshi: "One of my companions is a urologist. He raised the Chinese testicles high and shouted happily."
Yoshio Shinozuka: "Take out their internal organs and use them to reproduce the next generation of bacteria."
Yoshio Shinozuka: "I have seen frostbite experiments: Chinese people's hands were pressed into icy water to cause frostbite, and some people had their hands and feet cut off because of frostbite."
"The Crime History of the "Manchurian Unit 731"" mentions "one piece of the heinous crimes of the 731 Unit":
In the autumn of 1944, due to the production of plague bacterial weapons, four technicians in the first Takahashi squad (Mr. Takahashi Masahiko, military doctor) were infected with the plague. ("Poisoning" means injecting the rats with the venomous Yersinia pestis, and then feeding the rats to fleas to breed poisonous fleas that harbor the plague bacteria in their salivary glands.) Ishii was afraid that his subordinates would die from the plague, which would affect the health of all team members. "Morale", ordered that all medical treatment must be done.Major Takahashi produced a large amount of plague immune serum under the guidance of the chief medical officer Nagayama Taro, a military doctor.That is to inject the plague bacteria into the Chinese people's body to infect them, and then take all the blood from the whole body to make them die.Use this method to produce a large number of immune serum to treat infected team members.In order to save the life of a murderer, at least four patriots must lose their precious lives.
The book "Devil's Paradise - The Truth About the Horror of the Kwantung Army's Bacterial Warfare Troops" writes:
They injected everything they could think of into "Ma Lu Da".They once injected air into the vein of "Ma Lu Da", and then observed how the various organs of the body go through to suffocate people to death. The 731 team members are very interested in injecting air into the human body and observing the detailed process of a person being suffocated to death.
They also hung "Malu Da" upside down for experiments, observing how many hours and minutes it would take to die and what changes would occur in various parts of the body.Sometimes the "Ma Lu Da" was put into a huge centrifugal separator to perform repeated high-speed rotation experiments until the "Ma Lu Da" died.These are all out of anatomical needs.
In this hell on earth, evil seems to have no end.
One day in early August 1945, a shrill assembly siren sounded over the labor area where Zuo Xianliang was located. This time they received an order to burn the warehouse. "The Japanese said, quickly, quickly, beat us with a whip." Zuo Xianliang said that the Japanese used guns to force the laborers to carry wood into the warehouse, and then poured gasoline and alcohol on it and set it on fire.
What was hidden in the warehouse, the workers finally saw.There are still many cows and horses in the warehouse, screaming and running around in the raging fire, "No one cares, and the Japanese devils can't take care of them."
The fire burned for three days and three nights, and all the warehouses were reduced to ashes.
Zuo Xianliang and his workers were puzzled by this abnormal behavior of the Japanese.They didn't know that three months earlier, on May 2, 1945, the Soviet Red Army captured Berlin, forcing the German fascists to surrender six days later.The Soviets then declared war on Japan.Shiro Ishii soon received a telegram from the Japanese base camp: "Destroy all facilities and withdraw all personnel to Japan."
Shiro Ishii wrote down the main points of the evacuation steps in his diary: 1. Engineers blasted; 2. Burned; 3. Picked and carried; 4. The first group of family members set off.
Blowing up the camp and burning the warehouse, everything is going according to Shiro Ishii's plan.
Starting from July 17th, in the labor area where Zuo Xianliang lived, more than 500 people, excluding more than 30 cooks, went to dig a big hole. "The Japanese were sitting on the top of the tree, and he shouted, "Hurry up, that's what I always say. There are also people holding half of a shoulder pole. Seeing you slow down, he hits your waist with a crackling sound. It's a hard hit." Some people's waists were swollen from the beating. Just like that, (they) became more and more anxious the further they went, and the more they stepped back, the more they tightened up."
According to Zuo Xianliang's recollection: On August 9, the alarm for emergency assembly sounded again, and the laborers were forced to load many heavy rectangular wooden boxes onto the train.The loading scene was chaotic, and many family members of the Japanese soldiers scrambled to get on the train.
At this time, Ishii Shiro ordered to start destroying evidence. "First of all, order the first special squad leader Ishii Takeo to shoot all the dozens of patriots locked in the secret prison. The baby just born by a Soviet woman in prison is no exception. Except for all secret documents, fleas, mice, bacteria, etc. In addition to burning it down, the engineering team was also ordered to blow up the headquarters buildings—centered on the prison, including the three-story square building, the research room, and the production factory.”
Afterwards, "Ishii Shiro detected the foreign intelligence that 'Japan's unconditional surrender on August 11 is confirmed' as soon as possible, and issued an order to 'all troops retreat'. Nearly 80 trains drove into the branch line of the team and packed more than 2,000 team members. He and his family members fled southward on the 13th. Ishii and his family members fled back to Japan on a plane driven by his son-in-law Masuda Major. Before fleeing, they released some rats with plague bacteria. Centered on Unit 731, The plague broke out in the so-called 'special area' with a radius of 8 kilometers. In just one week, 146 good farmers died."
From the night of August 9th to the 10th, Zuo Xianliang and his workers worked continuously for a day and two nights without closing their eyes. Some workers fainted and vomited blood due to extreme exhaustion, and died of exhaustion.Zuo Xianliang and 30 companions did not want to sit still and escaped through the barbed wire fence with a steel shovel in the stormy night.
"Walking for five days and five nights, it's 450 miles from Harbin to home. When I got home, my mother didn't realize it all at once. I said, Mom, why don't you recognize me? I'm your son. Mom cried Say, how did you come back? Look here and there, and say that you are so tired that you are out of shape."
In 1995, when Zuo Xianliang returned to the Pingfang experimental area, he learned the whole truth about the bacterial experiment of Unit 731.In the big pit he dug with his fellow workers, there are many bones. Fifty years ago, except for Zuo Xianliang who escaped and 30 companions, more than 500 people were buried alive here.
Zuo Xianliang is now over ninety years old, and most of the people who escaped with him have passed away.He chose 731 as the last numbers of the three telephones at home.
In Japan, many people don't know the crimes of Unit 731. "After the war ended, the members of Unit 731 stubbornly concealed this experience from each other, and many of them seemed to be holding their breath to pass the time."
In the winter of 2010, in the heavy snow in Harbin, the original site of the hell on earth was covered under the thick snow.
The number of people who died in Unit 731's experiments is currently in dispute.The description in the entry of "Unit 731" in Baidu Encyclopedia: "Some researchers believe that more than 10,000 Chinese, Koreans, and allied prisoners of war were killed in the experiments of Unit 731." Seiichi Morimura said: "(Unit 731) was Inhuman experiments were carried out on 3,000 captives."
After Shiro Ishii fled back to Japan, he lived in seclusion in his hometown in Chiba. For fear of becoming a war criminal, he even prepared a fake funeral.
From January 17 to February 25, 1946, Shiro Ishii was interrogated by American germ warfare expert Thomson.He falsely claimed: "Unit 731 was created to defend Japan, and research on bacterial warfare is for self-defense." His assistant Naito Ryoichi negotiated with the U.S. military in exchange for the provision of data on human experiments and bacterial research by the United States in exchange for relevant personnel of Unit 731. Exempted from war responsibility and escaped trial.Since then, Shiro Ishii has been running a hotel in Tokyo.He believed in Christianity and often treated the children around him for free. He said: "It is really a joy to be a doctor and save lives."
On October 9, 1959, Shiro Ishii died of throat cancer.
Unit 731 and others such as Unit 100 in Changchun have waged numerous germ warfare campaigns in China.
On November 4, 1941, Japanese aircraft dropped plague fleas, millet, wheat, cotton, rags and other sundries with plague bacteria in Changde, Hunan.Within weeks of the plague being cast, the plague was violently prevalent in Changde.The epidemic lasted for several years. On August 27, 2002, the Tokyo District Court determined that at least 7,643 Changde people were killed in this germ warfare that violated the Geneva Convention.
In the summer and autumn of 1943, Japanese bacteria warfare troops stationed in Jinan broke up the embankment of the Wei River in northwest Shandong and spread cholera germs at the same time, causing cholera to spread in northwest Shandong, southern Hebei and northern Henan.To this day, the number of victims cannot be accurately counted, but it is estimated that it should be no less than 200,000 to 300,000.
Dozens of tons of biological and chemical weapons were stored in many places in Northeast China during the war, and they still cause harm to civilians from time to time. For example, in September 2003, in Heilongjiang, 29 construction workers inadvertently unearthed chemical weapon shell casings that had been buried underground for nearly 60 years , resulting in multiple injuries and one death.
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