Chapter 4 Chapter two

Sanming City, Fujian Province is located in the Meilie Basin between the Wuyi Mountains and the Daiyun Mountains.The Shaxi River, a tributary of the Minjiang River, passes through the city.Sanming City has jurisdiction over nine counties, one city and two districts.During the Red Army, Mao Zedong wrote two lyrics here, one "Fisherman's Pride", about the great victory of Jianning, and the other "Like a Dream. It is the territory of Sanming. Sanming belonged to the city of Yangzhou in the Xia and Shang dynasties, Qimin in the Zhou Dynasty, Chu in the Warring States period, Minzhong County in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and Jian'an County in the Three Kingdoms period.In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was a county, Risha Village County, and it was changed to Shaxian County in Ming Dynasty.In the period of the Republic of China, it was Sanyuan County.Therefore, the land is blocked by mountains and the traffic is blocked, which can be described as extremely poor.There is a folk song day: in the small Sanyuan County, there are three tofu shops, and the tofu is ground in the city, which can be heard outside the city.

In 1956, Sanyuan and Mingxi counties were merged, and each took the first word of the crown, so it was named Sanming. During the Cultural Revolution, Sanming did not escape the catastrophe. It groaned in the mountains and forests of Northwest Fujian, devastated. At this time, a person came to Sanming City.His name is Yuan Qitong, and he is the new Party Secretary of Sanming City.The exact time when Yuan Qitong took office was April 1979, a day full of spring.He was accompanied by the new mayor Sun Zhengui.I don't know if it's a coincidence or fate, but people associate the new leadership team with the just-concluded Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, eagerly waiting for their arrival to save the city.

Soon after Yuan Qitong took office, the movie "Seven Pins of Sesame Official" was staged.He is also a seventh-rank sesame official. He has just been transferred from nearby Yong'an County. In Yong'an County, he is the secretary of the county party committee, and here he is the secretary of the city party committee. A seventh-rank official, so he took a learning attitude and devoted himself to see how other people's seventh-rank sesame officials became.He watched it twice in a row, and firmly remembered a very classic sentence in the play: Being an official is not making decisions for the people, it is better to go home and sell sweet potatoes.Because of the weight of these words, he kept chewing on them. After thinking about it, he felt that although the seventh-rank sesame official was a good official, he was not a member of the Communist Party after all.The Communist Party pays attention to serving the people and being a public servant of the people. Of course, it cannot limit its ideological realm to the level of being the master of the people.So he expressed his observations at a cadre meeting and said: We are also a bunch of sesame officials. We do not seek to be masters for the people, but we have to do things for the people.As the saying goes, the rooster crows and the hen lays eggs. We, sesame officials, start from ordinary people’s sesame affairs to do one by one...

One day, when Yuan Qitong was at work, he received a composition from a teacher at No. 1 Middle School in Sanming City. The composition was written by a junior high school student; the composition was entitled "Waiting for the Bus".The student described in a very humorous style how he accurately calculated his route to school, how to adjust his pace and his unique patience while waiting for the bus. Even so, it was difficult for him to arrive at school on time.After reading this student composition, Yuan Qitong immediately gave instructions to ask the responsible comrades of the municipal party committee and municipal government to circulate this composition.This composition came from an immature cry, and the leaders vaguely heard it.

The leaders said, let's all change our roles and go squeeze the bus. So, they are no longer secretaries and mayors, no longer government officials.They imagined themselves as students rushing to school, as workers catching the first bus to go to work in the steel mill, as farmers rushing to sell vegetables at the morning market... They were crowded in the bus with turbid air, and they could hear each other's urgency. gasps.They let the rough yelling and cursing in the car, and let the crowded force crush themselves into thin, weightless photos.In an instant, they tasted what it means to be ordinary people in China, and the hardships that ordinary people must endure in life.

They were deeply touched. After intensive research, consultation, and of course unremitting efforts, more than 20 roads that have a great impact on people's lives have been repaired, and then they have repaired 47 branch roads. The public transportation department invested 1.17 million yuan, and newly purchased There are 20 passenger cars, and the number of direct trains and overnight trains has been added, and the problem of difficult transportation has been solved in this way. Once upon a time, the difficulty of human toilets became one of the urban diseases.Yuan Qitong and the others tried to relieve their hands a few times in the toilets in densely populated areas, and they felt a lot of emotion after trying it.Some people say that a city is a container in the final analysis, but there are many channels, and there are people who come in and people who go out.The toilet is the excrement outlet of the city. In Western countries, the toilet is the best standard of civilization.Many of us have never understood why men and women who eat and drink in capitalist countries make hygiene more lenient than kitchens. In many movies or TV shows, the probability of choosing to perform stories in the bathroom is much greater than that in the kitchen.And all of this implies a twisted story about the evolution of toilets.

Toilets are a topic about the divide between the country and the city. Some western countries have long been worried about the toilet problem. At the end of the 17th century, in Berlin, Germany, the city magistrate specially promulgated two laws on the disposal of waste. All farmers who come to the city to buy and sell things must prepare utensils for holding manure. When you are done, you can take them with you. Go back with your belongings and money and your own shit. Because the city can no longer bear the burden of feces. Getting rid of urban sewage and filth has always been something that Westerners have always dreamed of.At first they dug a deep groove in the middle of the house, and then flushed it with water to defecate, but because it was often blocked, the room was often smelly.But this stench is a manifestation of identity, and it is precisely because of this stench that the perfume was invented later, which promoted the invention of an industry.It is said that when the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire convened an important meeting in the palace of Offat, because there were too many princes and princes present at the meeting, the floor was stepped on and many dignitaries and dignitaries fell into the sewage together with the emperor. In the pool, he was rescued after a full taste of excrement and urine.

Even Paris, France still stinks.Residents' pots can be dumped at the window at will, and the residents upstairs just say to be careful of the water, and they sprinkle it on their heads before pedestrians dodge.Thousands of residents dump pots along the street, becoming a moving landscape in Paris.Row upon row of buildings were soaked wet and shiny by urine, but the streets were filled with a strong smell of blood, and even the most reserved ladies and wives had to scramble to cover their noses.The famous Louvre is also unavoidable.The French, especially the French men, have a habit of urinating everywhere. Regardless of whether there are women present, they can release water as soon as they turn around. As a result, the Louvre Palace is full of passersby urinating, and there is shame everywhere in the palace. In the end, the French emperor had to He issued an order to tell anyone not to defecate here, but on the day the oracle was promulgated, some princes chanted little dragons towards the palace wall, making the emperor dumbfounded.

Later, Earl Angieville, a minister in charge of court logistics, had an idea. He asked someone to design a sketch of a toilet that was much larger than the average family, and he personally participated in the modification and supervised the work, and completed the world's first public toilet. .Because there was no engineering expenditure in this area, Angie Weiler came up with the idea of ​​charging, and everyone who came to the toilet was charged two francs per person, so this was also the first paid toilet in the world.Since then, the Louvre has been much cleaner.After that, the model of public toilets gradually spread, and many cities in the West rushed to follow suit, and finally fully integrated into urban civilization and became a symbolic facility.

Urban residents were also inspired by it, and after continuous toilet revolutions, they finally evolved into the style we see in movies or TV today. This is a typical urbanization problem. Even an ordinary public toilet is a systematic project.It is related to issues such as water, electricity, plumbing, construction, management and maintenance, and ignoring it is actually a rather profound problem of understanding. The public toilets in Sanming City are all full of sewage and foul smell.When people came, they lifted their trousers and stood on tiptoe, as if they were dancing ballet.People in Sanming jokingly call a toilet a ballet school, but its enrollment is unlimited and suitable for all ages.However even this toilet has to wait in line.The young ones can persist on tiptoe, but the old ones can only let the sewage soak.The people are suffering, they can't eat well, and they can't pull.So some people scolded their mothers: Is there a government in Sanming?

Yuan Qitong called a group of people from the municipal party committee and the municipal government to set up an unprecedented standing committee next to the toilet at the entrance of an elementary school. Let's all take a good smell of this stink, isn't it bad?But the teachers and students here have heard it for more than 10 years!We should come here more often to smell the stench, so that we can clear our minds... The stench that has accumulated for many years is roasting the leaders of Sanming City like flames.This is a heart-piercing stench, a complex and profound stench, as sharp as a knife blade, which made them immediately make up their minds: rebuild a new toilet immediately! The next day, Yuan Qitong came to the elementary school again. Seeing that the toilet was still standing there, he asked a director in charge, and he replied in a low voice: "Now there are not enough manpower, and we can't get them out... Yuan Qitong stopped him with a wave of his hand, without saying a word." Just move your hands. The leaders of the municipal party committee came after hearing the news.The leaders of the city government rushed to hear the news.It seems that people from a city have come... When the new toilet with bright windows and clean windows was erected at the entrance of the Experimental Primary School, and when the complex and profound odor was washed away by the attracted Shaxi water, Yuan Qitong, who was sober by the odor They and Sun Zhengui are thinking about why Sanming City has come to this field, and what is blocking the sight of the cadres, just like a famous line in "Ode to the Longjiang River": Is it because of the slap mountain blocking your sight? ... For a long time, in the minds of some cadres, especially some leading cadres, there is very little awareness of the city, let alone the concept of urbanization.They are firmly imprisoned by the idea of ​​learning from Dazhai in agriculture. Even cities must try their best to become Dazhai-style cities.Take Sanming City as an example. In 1979, Sanming City had a population of 200,000, of which the agricultural population accounted for 25%; the total industrial and agricultural production value was 600 million yuan, and agriculture only accounted for 5%.However, agriculture, which only accounts for 5%, makes many cadres compete and circle around it all day long. Although they know that they can't make much money, everyone knows that Dazhai insurance is politically reliable. At that time, when the whole country was discussing the standard of truth, Yuan Qitong asked all the cadres to think about it: In Sanming, which is the most important, rural or urban?Which is the smallest?Should we stick to learning from Dazhai, or decide the work policy of Sanming City according to the actual situation? As soon as this question came out, the whole city was in an uproar. People's eyes began to patrol Sanming City.This is a strip-shaped city built along the river. There are many residents and administrative districts in the east of the river, and many in the west of the river. How charming it is.But for many years, no one has paid attention to it. In winter, it is covered with a layer of soot, and briquettes made of loess and coal powder are placed in front of every house, and a large plume of choking black smoke rises from the chimney. In summer, the whole city seems to be a section of intestines that is constantly excreted, with feces and sewage overflowing.Flies and mosquitoes flew around, and even the originally bright Shaxi River turned into a river of stinky water flowing like ink, quietly flowing into the Minjiang River with the shame and worry of the Sanming people.Even the people of Sanming, the group of heroes and elites drawn from all over the world, have become impetuous and wild. People are complaining, and their eyes are full of vigilance and hostility.What is even more worrying is their descendants, the second and third generations of Sanming people, who should have bloomed like flowers on both sides of the Shaxi River, have now become clusters of wild thorns covered in thorns.What's more, some young people fight and fight all day long, gang up on troubles, disturb the law and order, and become a public nuisance in Sanming.People's hearts are not old, and people's hearts are no longer good.There are those who can piss off old people with a single word from the salesperson, and those who beat government officials with open flames, and so on.The entire Sanming, one Ming is not clear, three Ming and three Ming, there is no civilization.However, all this could have been changed!If we are not harassed by leftist ideas, if we put urban construction on the agenda, if we finally remember the basic necessities of life for urban residents, if we use the strength of the war years to Sanming’s material civilization and spirit In terms of civilization construction, can Sanming become what it is today? This is the self-blame of every Sanming person from the heart.It is a collective confession of a city. The leaders of the municipal party committee and the municipal government made a decision in confession: focus on the city, work in the countryside to serve the city, and shift the focus of work from the countryside to the city! Therefore, a drawing about the distribution of toilets in the whole city was quickly drawn up, and Yuan Qitong named it a very meaningful project: special project, and then solemnly put it under the glass plate of his desk, witnessing it every day, Take it to heart. Some people made a fuss and said: These things are really too small. A secretary of the municipal party committee does not pay attention to big things, but only pays attention to trivial matters. After hearing this, Yuan Qitong spoke calmly to Japan: major political principles should be grasped by the central government.I'll wait for the petty officer and focus on trivial matters.However, the small things of many people add up to big things. As the saying goes, if you have a hammer in your hand, the streets are full of nails.Because the Sanming Municipal Party Committee had a new urban concept, when they looked at the city in front of them, they made another discovery. One day, a group of municipal party committee members climbed Qilin Mountain near the city.It was Chongyang, September 9th, when I climbed up and looked far away, I couldn't see the chrysanthemums and bamboo fences, but I saw the city facing the wind, and it was already a little swaying.A group of people sighed, the city is growing, and people look down here every day, watching it grow up like a girl, it is also a great pleasure. A group of members of the municipal party committee were reminded by this, and everyone clapped their hands and praised: This discussion is very good.So it was decided to build Qilin Mountain Park. At this time, a full 20 years ago.In 1980, it was surprising that a municipal party committee had such a beautiful idea.It is said that this idea has caused some street talk because it is too extravagant.Some people say: The country is so poor, and so much money is spent to build parks, this is called poverty!Some people also said: With this money, it is profitable to build a factory, but what can be achieved by building a park? In the face of criticism, the municipal party committee neither explained nor criticized.There are some things that you can see as mountains and peaks, with different distances and heights. Since you can't see the beauty, let's not talk to you for now. But Qilin Park must be built. On New Year's Day in 1982, Qilinshan Park in Sanming City was officially opened to the public.Regarding its significance, today's Sanming people say in one word: what does it mean to stand tall and see far?What many cities are doing today, we thought of it 20 years ago. This is called forward-looking... About a stone's throw away from Qilinshan Park, there is a 5-story youth palace with an area of ​​more than 3,900 square meters and a youth hall with a unique style.This is a welcome gift presented by the city leaders to the youths of Sanming City.There is a lyric that says it well: There is nothing wrong with being young.Since you are young, you have a lot of plasticity. Mistakes are always inevitable. If you make mistakes and correct them, you are good comrades. They have youth and opportunities at the same time.However, educating young people should not only rely on preaching, but also have a carrier, as well as investment, and be willing to spend money.Investing in young people means spending money on serious things, and good steel is being used wisely.There are exhibition halls, game halls, reading rooms, art rooms, cultural rooms, science and technology rooms, dance rooms, music rooms, etc. in the Youth Palace.This is a kind of artistic attraction, a kind of sentimental attraction, and a kind of beautiful heart attraction. In the past, the scenes of teenagers gathering in the car park to fight in groups have rarely appeared, and the sewer culture of casually graffiti on the walls of toilets and underground passages will be extinct.Most of the teenagers in Sanming City are attracted here. They will start to plan their lives according to the beautiful design. This place is like a ship waiting to go. It only waits for an order and is full of hope for tomorrow... In Sanming City, there have always been life problems such as difficulty in buying vegetables, goods, water, and coal.Behind every kind of difficulty, there are common people's sufferings and difficult sighs.However, these grievances were blocked by a leftist thing or the barrier of the system, which made the hearts of public servants harden, their ears were blocked, and their eyes could not see.Mayor Sun Zhengui said that if everything is based on the wishes of the people, we will be able to see and hear clearly, and there are many ways to do it.There cannot be a single model for building material civilization, nor can there be one model for building spiritual civilization. There must be multiple ways to meet the people's ever-increasing material needs and spiritual and cultural life. Regarding the difficulty of life, Mayor Sun made a clear idea and said: This is difficult and that is difficult, and the problems all lie in the exclusive management of state-owned businesses.Now that the state-owned boss is not doing a good job, we will rely on the second and third brothers to do it, and let the three brothers compete!Therefore, it was decided to actively develop collective and individual businesses, and the catering service industry, so that the three companies, state-owned, collective, and individual, could compete.Mayor Sun also personally participated in the preparation of the red apricot shopping mall, which mainly focuses on diet and non-staple food, and is mainly based on collectives and individuals.Hongxing shopping mall covers an area of ​​1575 square meters and has 27 stores, including 12 stores in the catering industry and 17 stores in the commercial service and repair industry. Among the 27, collectives accounted for 20 and individuals accounted for 4.There are 3 state-run companies. After the completion of the Red Apricot Shopping Mall, Sanming City invested in the construction of 11 farmers' markets and 11 comprehensive markets in accordance with this three-in-one model.In almost one or two years, the city has developed 1,088 collective and individual catering services, more than four times more than in the past. In 1993, the author published a long reportage about the introduction of competition mechanism in the six major shopping malls in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, and the business war.However, when the author learned that Sanming City introduced a competitive mechanism as early as 10 years ago, incorporated the commodity economy into the tertiary industry and served the people of Sanming City effectively, I couldn't help feeling ashamed.The author believes that, in terms of its time span, these practices in Sanming at that time should be the first city to implement China's economic reform, and it can also be said to be the earliest call for China's market economy.And these cries were produced in Sanming City, the earliest civilized city in China. Isn't there anything worth pursuing in it? On January 24, 1982, Xiang Nan, the first secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee, after listening to the speech made by the leaders of Sanming City at the provincial urban spiritual civilization construction symposium, summarized three sentences for Sanming City: Sanming Sanming, for the people; Sanming Sanming, spiritual civilization; Sanming and Sanming, radiating light. Sanming has attracted the attention of cities in Fujian Province and even the whole country with its own style, and the news media also rushed to report the experience of Sanming in carrying out socialist spiritual civilization construction. As Comrade Xiang Nan said, Sanming City has begun to shine brightly in the whole country. In June 1984, the Central Five Stresses, Four Beauties, and Three Love Activities Committee held the National Five Stresses, Four Beauties, and Three Love Activities Work Conference in Sanming City to promote Sanming City's adherence to the construction of spiritual civilization and the construction of material civilization, building political stability, economic prosperity, spiritual civilization, beautiful environment, and life. A convenient new civilized urban experience. Since then, various forms of mass spiritual civilization creation activities have been carried out across the country.The author paid a special visit to Comrade Yuan Qitong during the interview in Fujian.Yuan Qitong is currently the director of the People's Congress of Fujian Province.During the conversation, I learned that he was not a local, but came to Fujian with the South Service Mission in 1949, and never left Fujian again.In Xiabian County, he had been the principal of the middle school, the director of the county cultural bureau, and the secretary of the Yong'an County Party Committee for many years.He came up step by step.He said that his roots are among the common people.He said that when he was carrying out land reforms in the countryside to suppress bandits and rebels, he fell ill once in Gaizhu Township, Shaxian County. He was in a critical condition. The peasant brothers carried him on a stretcher and drove him barefoot for more than 50 miles on the mountain road. When I arrived at the county hospital, I recovered my life.He has always missed the relationship between cadres and the masses at that time. At that time, the villagers did not regard him as an outsider, but as their brother.All he did in Sanming was to think that maybe he fell ill one day, and the people of Sanming would still carry a stretcher to save him as before, no matter how slippery the mountain road was or how deep the forest was. reward.For the Sanming people, for the common people, he is willing to risk everything. He said: It was the Qilin Park. We took the risk to build an aerial cable car under pressure. At this time, someone filed a complaint. As a result, I should have raised the 14th grade, but there was no commission, and I was still a 15th grade.This is considered a personal sacrifice.When demolishing illegal buildings in Sanming City, if you encounter a thorn, whoever goes there will scold and beat you. I am not afraid.A cadre of the city court kept a dog, which often hurt people. The public had great opinions, but no one dared to take care of it. I took the secretary to him. He let the dog bite us and bit the secretary's hand, but he finally behaved obediently. hand over the dog.A league official fell in love, and if he refused to do it, he would beat him, and he would beat him in front of the leader, with arrogance.He held a grudge, and let out the wind that he would kill me. At that time, everyone was worried about me. Comrade Xiang Nan personally asked about this matter.But I'm still not afraid.I am mentally prepared. I am a person who came from the war years. Using the revolutionary spirit to develop spiritual civilization can be regarded as a secret recipe passed down from the ancestors... But the reason why Sanming City’s spiritual civilization is well developed, I think there are two most fundamental things, One is because there is the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which is a concentrated expression of the spirit of the times and an inevitability of history, which can be regarded as an external motivation; second, this is the call of the people of Sanming City, and it is the internal demand of the people .Without the active participation of the broad masses of the people, we can't accomplish great things with just a few of us... The speed of Yuan Qitong's speech reminds me of the Shaxi River in Sanming City in spring.This is a person with a lot of personality and great passion. Even though he is a senior leading cadre of the party, he does not have the reservedness and prudence unique to people in the officialdom.His speech is quite emotional, his expression is frank and bright, but sometimes his words are very careful, like giving an academic report, showing the demeanor of a scholar-type leading cadre.In his narration like running water, Sanming City keeps appearing in my mind.In just a few years, this little-known southern city has made a near-perfect leap just like atomic fission, and has become the forerunner of the city towards civilization.From Yuan Qitong's narration, we seem to have found the answer, which is the result of the thought shining through the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee.The small town of Sanming was originally a typical example of filth and chaos, and it was also a portrayal of the entire Chinese city. However, when the ideological sunshine of the Third Plenary Session just broke through the clouds, we could clearly see its initial rhythm of life. Thoughts are activated and saved by a kind of thought, which is the spirit of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts.The process of rising and rapid growth of Sanming City also benefited from the internal needs of the people for happiness and prosperity, because of such needs, the inexhaustible creative spirit can be radiated.This is an extremely powerful energy, which is even greater than the energy of atomic fission.It is this top-down combination that makes Sanming City so bright. After 1978, that is, with the Third Plenary Session as the boundary, a brand-new vocabulary will be sacredly written in the history books of the Republic: socialist spiritual civilization. It should be said that Cuizhongwang Village in Baoding, Hebei Province and Sanming City, Fujian Province, which were the first to open up the atmosphere, were two advanced examples of rural and urban construction of spiritual civilization. When the cadres mention the wind, they can clearly remember these two places. In their minds, these two places are undoubtedly milestones in the construction of spiritual civilization.However, the development of things is independent of people's subjective will, and the experience in the creation of Cuizhongwang Village and Sanming City seems to have not been carried forward as expected.It was quickly interrupted by other voices.This is a noisy composite sound stream. On January 17, 1986, at the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, a warning was issued against the noisy composite sound stream encountered in the construction of spiritual civilization: We have achieved considerable results in economic construction, and the situation is gratifying, but if the atmosphere is bad What's the point of economic success?It will deteriorate on the other side, which will in turn affect the entire economy to deteriorate. If it continues to develop, it will form a world where corruption, theft, and bribery are rampant. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the domestic and international political situation was turbulent, which made the party and the country undergo a severe test.When calmly summing up the past and reviewing mistakes, he said that if there were mistakes, it was not consistent enough to adhere to the four cardinal principles, and he did not use it as a basic idea to educate the people, students, and all cadres and Communist Party members.The fault is not in the four persistences themselves, but in the inconsistency of the persistence and poor education and ideological and political work. The biggest mistake in the past 10 years is education, mainly due to the weakening of ideological and political education.He warned the whole party that it is necessary to seriously solve the problem that one hand is tougher and the other hand is softer. In October 1996, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Fourteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing, at which the "Resolution of the Central Committee on Several Important Issues Concerning Strengthening the Construction of Socialist Spiritual Civilization" was passed.This is a rare meeting since the founding of the Republic. Its grandeur and specifications show that the construction of spiritual civilization holds an important position in the minds of the party and state leaders.Its convening fully embodies the strategic thinking of the Party Central Committee with comrades as the core insisting on grasping both hands and being hard on both hands, and shows that our party has a deeper understanding of the law of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and more powerful leadership. This is another milestone meeting in the history of spiritual civilization construction. Since then, a vigorous mass campaign to create spiritual civilization has begun to flourish across the country...