Chapter 16 5. How much potential does the Yellow Earth have?

The threshold of "well-off" we need food and clothing, but we are not satisfied with food and clothing. The Seventh National People's Congress has set an attractive goal for our country: entering into a well-off society in 2000. According to the analysis of many experts at home and abroad, it is not difficult to achieve a well-off level based on China's current economic foundation and development momentum, but the key is to cross the first threshold: the per capita grain output is 400 kilograms. This is the foundation of a well-off society and a sign of a well-off level.

Comrade Li Peng envisaged in the "Government Work Report" of the First Session of the Seventh National People's Congress that by the year 2000, if China's population can be controlled at 1.25 billion and the total national grain production capacity reaches 500 million tons, we can achieve 400 kilograms of grain per capita. Ten years later, in March 1998, Comrade Li Peng announced in his "Government Work Report" at the First Session of the Ninth National People's Congress that by December 31, 1997, China's population had reached 1.236 billion.From this point of view, by the year 2000, the total population of the country will definitely exceed 1.25 billion, and it is very likely to reach 1.28 billion.It is further estimated that China's population will not reach its peak until 2030, when the population will be 1.6 billion.

Even if we keep the population at 1.25 billion, can we produce 500 million tons of food? China's yellow land contributed a lot.It has raised generations of Chinese people.Today, it is facing a new test, to feed more than 1.2 billion Chinese.So, how much potential does China's Yellow Land have? At the end of the Warring States period, China’s yellow land could produce about 9.135 million tons of grain per year, reaching 33.2 million tons in the Tang Dynasty and 113.4 million tons in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, an increase of 12.4 times. Production increase (1.8 times). In 1949, my country's total grain output was 113.18 million tons. By 1997, the total grain output reached 492.5 million tons, an increase of 4.8 times in 48 years.During this period, the arable land not only did not increase, but decreased, and the area sown with grain remained basically the same.This nearly five-fold increase is entirely due to the intensive cultivation of hundreds of millions of farmers.

As we have mentioned earlier, when China declares to enter a moderately prosperous society in 2000, the per capita grain consumption will inevitably exceed 400 kg, and it is very likely to reach 500 kg.Even if calculated on the basis of 400 kilograms, a population of 1.28 billion will need 512 million tons of grain at that time, and when China's population reaches a peak of 1.6 billion in 2030, it will need 640 million tons of grain.So, can China's yellow land still produce so much grain?This cannot but cause us deep concern. If we analyze the various elements of China's grain one by one, it is not difficult to find that although China's grain production still has a certain potential, it is quite difficult.

First, we are constrained by the year-on-year decrease in cultivated land.Now my country's per capita arable land is only 1.55 mu.less than half of the world average.However, the annual decrease of 5-8 million mu of arable land is still going on. In many major grain-producing areas, the per capita is less than 1 mu, and in some places it is less than the minimum limit of 0.8 mu per capita.It is difficult to guarantee that by the year 2000, my country's arable land can still maintain the level of 1.9 billion.Make bricks without straw.The lack of arable land means that the foundation of survival is lost, and the increase in food production becomes a tree without roots.

The multiple cropping index of my country's grain production has reached a very high level. In 1952, the average multi-cropping index of my country's land was 130.9%, in 1966 it reached 142.6%, and in 1978 it reached 151%.In the past 10 years, it has basically remained at around 150%.In provinces such as Guangdong, Hunan, and Jiangxi south of the Yangtze River, the rate is generally above 200%.This means that it is actually unlikely that we can increase food production by planting several crops a year.Therefore, my country's grain sown area can no longer have a large expansion.Now, if there is no significant reduction in cultivated land, my country's grain sown area can still be maintained at the "warning line" of 1.65 billion mu. The most optimistic situation is that by 2000, there will be 1.6 billion mu.

There is no room to expand the area, and the only way is to increase the yield.If by 2000, my country can still maintain 1.6 billion mu of grain sown area, to produce 512 million tons of grain, the average yield per mu must reach 320 kg.By 2030, 640 million tons of grain will be produced, with an average yield of 400 kilograms per mu.In 1996, when my country's grain output was the highest, the average yield per mu was only 305 kilograms, which means that within three years, my country's average yield per mu would increase by 15 kilograms, and within 33 years, it would increase by 95 kilograms, which is close to that of France, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan. the level of developed countries.This requires investing a lot of production costs, including strengthening water conservancy construction and improving technological content.

The National Conditions Analysis Group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences made three predictions on the national grain output in 2000. The first kind of prediction: Grain production will maintain the status quo and only partial improvement will be made. The area of ​​cultivated land will decrease by an average of 6 million mu per year, the sown area of ​​grain will be only 1.567 billion mu, the average yield per mu will be 298.5 kg, and the total grain output will reach 477.5 million tons, based on a population of 1.28 billion Calculated, the per capita is 373 kilograms, which is lower than the current level.

The second prediction: increase grain production and increase agricultural input. The average arable land area will only decrease by 4 million mu per year, the grain sown area will reach 1.6 billion mu, and the grain production capacity will reach 328 kilograms per mu. By then, the total grain output will reach 502.95 million tons, and the per capita grain output is 409.8 kg. The third prediction: between the two, the sown area of ​​grain is 1.59 billion mu, the average yield per mu is 313.5 kg, the total output reaches 500.15 million tons, and the per capita grain output is 391.8 kg. From a comprehensive inspection of China's grain production, we can draw a conclusion: China's grain production has difficulties, but also has potential.How to overcome difficulties and tap potential is a arduous task before us.

China's economy has steadily entered a stage of sustained and rapid development, which is an era that Chinese people yearn for day and night. However, judging from international experience, rapid economic development often leads to the reduction of arable land, which in turn affects the balance between food production and consumption.Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are good examples. There are certain similarities between China today and Japan in the 1950s.From the perspective of agriculture, both are periods of high population density. In 1950, Japan’s per capita grain sown area was 1.2 mu, while China’s is currently 1.34 mu. From the perspective of economic development, both are at the beginning of the industrialization process.With the acceleration of industrialization, a large amount of farmland in Japan has been occupied by factories, warehouses, highways, etc., and the area of ​​cultivated land is shrinking day by day. A large number of farmers have left the land, and grain production has been declining. In 1955, Japan's grain sown area reached an all-time high of 5.5 million hectares, but by 1994 it had dropped to 2.4 million hectares, a reduction of more than half.Correspondingly, food production continued to decline.Japan's grain production reached its highest level in history in 1960. Since then, except for the increase in rice yield, its total grain production has fallen by 32%, almost 1% every year.

Due to the decline in total grain output, the gap between Japan's grain supply and demand widened rapidly, and they had no choice but to balance it out by importing a large amount of grain. In 1950, Japan imported 4 million tons of grain every year, accounting for only 25% of its total consumption; by 1990, the annual import volume reached 28 million tons, accounting for 75% of its total consumption.This means that 2/3 of Japan's food consumption depends on imports. South Korea and Taiwan also present a similar situation.South Korea’s grain field area has decreased at a rate of 1.2% per year since it reached its peak in 1965, and by 1994 it had dropped by 46%; from 1962 to 1994, the area of ​​grain field in Taiwan also decreased at an annual rate of 1.2%, The annual time was reduced by 42%. Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are all in the process of industrialization, and there has been a substantial reduction in arable land, so that they cannot maintain the balance between food supply and demand. They can only rely on large quantities of imports to make up for the food gap.According to Mr. Brown, rapid industrialization will inevitably lead to the occupation of a large amount of arable land, which will exceed the increase in land productivity and eventually lead to a decline in total food production.China is now also in the process of industrialization, and China's future situation will inevitably end in the same way as Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. The trend of China's industrialization development is irreversible, but this does not mean that China will follow the old path of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan.The reason is very simple. China is a big country with a population of more than 1.2 billion. This is a unique national condition in the world. It is impossible to live on foreign rice like Japan, South Korea and Taiwan.Japan's population is only 1/10 of China's; South Korea's is only 3% of China's.They can import a certain amount of grain from the international market to maintain the balance of domestic grain supply and demand, and if China relies on imports for 70% of its grain like them, it will be a huge number and an unrealizable number.Obviously, China's future grain can only be solved by self-reliance. This means that in the process of China's industrialization, it must not be at the expense of sacrificing arable land and agriculture, but should achieve synchronous and coordinated development of industry and agriculture.Of course, in the process of industrialization, it is necessary to occupy part of the cultivated land, but in addition to the overall planning, we must implement the system of balance of occupation and compensation, try to make up for the occupation of land in other ways, so as to maintain the balance of the total amount of cultivated land. Maintaining the balance of total cultivated land has become a key task in China's land management.The newly established Ministry of Land and Resources has formulated the "National Land Utilization Overall Planning Outline", which determined 1.92 billion mu as the amount of cultivated land during the planning period from 1997 to 2010, and ensured that the amount of cultivated land would not increase during these 14 years. reduce.Now, this plan has been implemented layer by layer, requiring local governments to strictly control the scale of construction and control the use of land.All land for construction shall be balanced between occupation and compensation, and random occupation and abuse shall absolutely not be allowed. To develop the economy and balance the arable land, this is an arduous task before us.Whether it is to suppress the former or sacrifice the latter, it is not in line with our country's development ideas.We do not follow the old path of Japan, nor can we follow the old path of Japan. History has destined our generation to feed itself with the least amount of land, so it is also destined that our generation must give top priority to food production. This is a reality that cannot be changed, and it is also a reality that cannot be avoided! — We have no choice! As we have analyzed before, the output rate of cultivated land is limited. In other words, a certain amount of land can only support a certain population.The shadow of hunger in the three-year difficult period has proved that "how bold people are, how productive the land is" is against objective laws and is impossible to achieve. That is to say, we must ensure that the descendants of the Yellow Emperor do not go hungry. First, we must control the population, and second, we must maintain a certain amount of arable land.Due to the inertia of population production, population control has a certain lag. Therefore, although we have implemented the most stringent population control measures, the population will reach 1.28 billion by 2000 and 1.6 billion by 2030. become a foregone conclusion.In this case, we must ensure the amount of arable land that can sustain the survival of such a large population. In layman's terms, it is "life-saving fields". According to the calculation of the Ministry of Land and Resources, by the peak population year, based on the calculation of 400-450 kilograms of grain per capita, 1.92 billion mu of arable land must be maintained, otherwise, it will not be possible to ensure that Chinese people can eat enough and have a good meal.In other words, it is possible to go hungry. 1.92 billion mu, this is the "life-saving field" that the Chinese must guarantee! This figure is more than 400 million mu higher than the figure announced in previous years. Obviously, when the industrialization process is getting faster and faster, and when the trend of reducing cultivated land has not been completely curbed, it is necessary to hold on to this "life-saving land" It is indeed not an easy task, but we have to hold on to it, because this is a major event related to whether we will be hungry in the future! First of all, we must control the reduction of cultivated land and ensure the sown area of ​​grain.The Ministry of Land and Resources has stipulated that the permanent basic farmland designated by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities should account for more than 80% of the cultivated land within their administrative regions, of which more than 90% should be in economically developed coastal areas.The newly added construction land index only guarantees the land for key projects, and the land for general projects will be realized by sorting out the stock land.In order to realize the dynamic balance of the total amount of land, it is necessary to supplement cultivated land through consolidation and development.It is estimated that at least 40% of the existing construction land in my country's cities and towns is inefficiently used. In addition, there are 1.74 million mu of idle land in the country. Through connotation and potential tapping, for a long period of time in the future, it will not rely on newly occupied cultivated land, but mainly rely on stock The land for construction can basically meet the land demand for urban and rural construction.In addition, a large amount of cultivated land can be increased by reorganizing the existing cultivated land, various scattered idle land, rural residential land, brick and tile kiln land and township enterprise land.It is estimated that the total amount of land occupied by urban and rural residents in my country has reached 272 million mu, and the per capita land use is 153 square meters.If we reduce the per capita land use standard to 100 square meters according to the plan, we can free up 95 million mu, which is more than the total area of ​​cultivated land occupied by non-agricultural construction projects in my country in the past 10 years.In addition, my country's urban idle rate is at least 15%, about 4 million mu.For the same industrial projects, the land area in my country is 11-13% higher than that in developed countries.If the idle land is revitalized and the land utilization rate is increased, about 40% of the land potential can be tapped in towns.From this point of view, as long as we are determined to tap the potential, not only can we ensure that the stock land can meet the needs of urban and rural construction, but it is also possible to squeeze out hundreds of millions of acres of newly-added cultivated land.After large-scale reorganization of the original cultivated land in Jiangsu Province, the cultivated land increased by 5-10%; in Fengxian County, Shanghai, industries were concentrated in parks and rural residents concentrated in market towns, increasing cultivated land by 17%.If the arable land area increases by 5% after land consolidation, the country can increase 100 million mu of arable land. On the one hand, we must ensure that the existing arable land will not decrease. On the other hand, we can continue to reclaim some wasteland suitable for agriculture, including reclaiming some barren hills and lake islands without affecting the ecological environment, and reclaim construction land and industrial land. Returning to farming and reclamation.According to the survey, there are currently about 500 million mu of reclaimable wasteland across the country, of which about 120 million mu can be reclaimed as arable land in the near future; There are 50 million mu of tidal flats to be reclaimed, 50 million mu of grasslands that can be improved, fresh water surface that can be cultivated and about 1 million square kilometers of offshore sea area.In addition to wasteland that is suitable for reclamation, the amount of cultivated land resources damaged due to various natural disasters and infrastructure construction is also quite large. It is estimated that the abandoned cultivated land caused by various human factors in my country is about 200 million mu. The abandoned land caused by coal-fired power generation and other production activities is about 50 million mu, of which 70-80% is good fertile soil; the construction of water conservancy, railway, road, construction and other constructions in the whole country has caused about 150 million mu of abandoned land, of which cultivated land accounts for About 70%.It is estimated that in the future, only industrial and mining wasteland in my country will increase at a rate of 700,000 mu per year. If 10,000 tons of coal are mined, 3 to 4 mu of land will be subsided. my country's annual coal production is 1.1 billion tons, and more than 300,000 mu of land will be lost.It is urgent to comprehensively manage the abandoned land.At present, the reclamation rate of abandoned land in my country only accounts for about 4%, which is too slow and the utilization rate is too low.In the United States and Australia, the reclamation rate is over 85%.If the reclamation rate reaches 50% in some foreign countries, then 45 million mu of arable land suitable for farming can be added nationwide.The national overall plan for land use requires that from now on, 4 million mu should be reclaimed every year.Calculated on the basis of 400 kg of grain per mu, 1.6 billion kg of grain can be increased every year. In addition to protecting cultivated land, to effectively increase food production, the only way is to tap the potential of existing cultivated land.In terms of production potential, two-thirds of the cultivated land (that is, more than 900 million mu) is still at a low-to-medium yield level, with a yield of about two to three hundred kilograms per mu.As long as the transformation is carried out according to local conditions, the average grain output per mu is only increased by 50-70 kg, and the national grain production can be increased by 50 billion to 75 billion kg. From the perspective of the yield potential of the three major crops, the yield per unit area of ​​rice and wheat in my country's grain is slightly higher than the world average level, while that of corn is lower than the world average level.Compared with developed countries, all three have potential to be tapped.At present, my country has at least 100 million mu of arable land that can be built into a "ton grain field", but now it is generally around 400 kilograms.If it reaches the level of a ton of grain field, it is equivalent to doubling the cultivated land. Increasing investment in agriculture and increasing grain yield per unit area may be the main or even the only way to increase China's grain production in the future. Since liberation, my country's grain yield per unit area has grown rapidly and has reached the average level of developed countries in the world. However, compared with the United States, France, Germany, Japan and other countries, there is still a considerable gap.There is a gap, which means that there is potential. As long as we increase investment in agriculture and increase the content of science and technology, China's soil can still grow high-yield food.For this reason, in addition to inheriting the production technology of traditional agricultural intensive farming, increasing the construction of water conservancy facilities and investing in a large number of modern agricultural production factors such as chemical fertilizers, agricultural machinery, electricity, and capital will be an important method for increasing grain production. In addition, the application and promotion of science and technology will also play a vital role. It is the consistent experience of developed countries to rely on science and technology to achieve stable and high agricultural production.According to the research and calculation of the agricultural growth rate for more than 30 years, so far, my country's technological progress has only accounted for 30% of the agricultural growth rate, while economically developed countries generally account for 60% to 80%, which shows that my country's agriculture is still at a low level. The stage of extensive management with a low technical level also shows that our country still has great potential in relying on scientific and technological progress.If efforts are made to increase the role of technological progress in increasing agricultural and grain production from the current level to 50% or even to an advanced level of 70%, it means that my country's grain production capacity can be increased by 45-90 million tons, which is enough to ensure China's Grain production capacity will reach a new level at the beginning of the next century. There is still potential to be tapped in improving the multiple cropping index of cultivated land.Although the national average land replanting index has reached 150%, it is very uneven among regions.Some provinces south of the Yangtze River have reached 200%, some provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are generally around 180%, most provinces in the middle reaches of the Yellow River are between 135 and 171%, and the northeast region is only 100%.If it generally reaches more than 150%, it is equivalent to adding hundreds of millions of mu of grain fields.Even in the 12 southern provinces, there are still 200 million mu of winter fallow fields, and at least 100 million mu of land can be developed and utilized in the near future. Needless to say, China's grain production is facing numerous difficulties and obstacles, but as long as we make up our minds, work hard, and spend money, we are fully confident that China's grain production will be stabilized at the level of 500 million tons at the beginning of the next century. Reaching the level of 600 million tons per year will not only ensure that Chinese people will not be hungry, but also allow every Chinese to enjoy a well-off level of food possession. Why is the phenomenon of illegal occupation and abuse of cultivated land repeatedly prohibited?Why is it difficult to curb the reduction of cultivated land? Naturally, there are quite complicated reasons for this, but the lack of sound laws and lax law enforcement are the main reasons. The "Land Law of the People's Republic of China" promulgated in 1986 has played an important role in ensuring the country's economic construction, especially the needs of energy, transportation, water conservancy projects and urban construction land that the country mainly supports.However, with the development of society, especially after the establishment of the socialist market economic system, land has entered the market as a factor, and land management has become quite complicated.In this case, the current "Land Management Law" has obviously not adapted to the needs of the development of the situation. According to expert analysis, the current land management law has at least the following major flaws: first, the current law lacks strict legal restrictions on the transformation of agricultural land into construction land; second, the current law lacks a strong legal supervision system and means for land violations.In our country, apart from citizens and legal persons, land law-breaking subjects also include local governments.Under the current land management system, land management departments are affiliated to governments at all levels, and the upper and lower levels of land management departments are only in the business guidance relationship.This kind of system is difficult to supervise and restrict the land illegal activities of local governments.At the same time, in terms of legal means, the land law enforcement department lacks proper legal means, and it is difficult to correct illegal facts once formed.The third is that the current law lacks strict legal restrictions on land eminent domain rights and is relatively scattered.Judging from the laws of various countries in the world, land expropriation is a legal measure to deprive citizens of their property rights, and they all stipulate clear restrictions-it can only be used for public purposes, and other land can only be obtained through the market.However, all construction projects in our country can enter the land acquisition procedure, which is the root cause of excessive occupation of cultivated land.In addition, the right to expropriate land belongs to the central government in all countries and is highly centralized, while in my country it is divided into four levels: the central government, provinces, prefectures, and counties.Fourth, the current law lacks clear regulations on state-owned land resources and market management, especially who is the representative of state-owned land owners.The state-owned land is actually in the hands of the city and county governments. Coupled with the unreasonable land income distribution policy, local governments have been stimulated to sell more land at low prices, resulting in a large loss of state-owned land assets. In view of this, on August 29, 1998, the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress deliberated and passed the new "Land Management Law".This new land management law, which came into effect on January 1, 1999, has carried out comprehensive revisions to address the various defects of the current law. The revised new land law adopts the most stringent measures in the world to manage land and protect cultivated land.This is an important decision made by the Party Central Committee and the State Council according to the land situation in our country.The new land law tries to solve the fundamental problems of land management, especially the protection of cultivated land, in terms of system, mechanism and legal system; it also implements the principles of land management. The highest decision-making power belongs to the central government; change the quota approval system and implement the land use management system. According to Gan Zangchun, former director of the Policy, Regulations, Supervision and Procuratorate Department of the State Land Administration Bureau and head of the Land Administration Law revision team, there are eight breakthroughs in this revision: First, a special legal protection system for cultivated land.It stipulates that provincial governments must take measures to fulfill the statutory obligation not to reduce the amount of cultivated land in their administrative regions; raise the basic farmland protection system to law; establish a system of balance between occupation and compensation, and the cultivated land occupied by construction must be newly created with the same amount of cultivated land of comparable quality. The second is to strengthen the economic status of overall land use planning.It is stipulated that any land shall not be developed and utilized without planning; the implementation of planning shall not be modified. The third is to reform the land requisition system, collect the approval power of land requisition, and concentrate on the central and provincial governments; change the way of land requisition, except for linear projects, land requisition for projects will not be allowed in the future, and only the city government can implement unified urban planning requisition. The fourth is to establish an examination and approval system for the conversion of agricultural land to prevent the unlimited conversion of agricultural land to construction land. Fifth, law enforcement supervision and inspection.In terms of the legal responsibility system, a system that is more complete than the current law is implemented, and it is clarified that the land management departments in various places are also the supervision departments for the law enforcement of land laws, and the land management department of the State Council has the power of administrative punishment. The new Land Management Law incorporates "very precious and rational use of every inch of land, and earnestly protects cultivated land" into the law as a basic national policy. In particular, the targets of land law enforcement supervision have been clarified, and land administrative departments have been given the right to investigate, stop, and dispose in supervision and inspection, and have strengthened land law enforcement. From the above, we can see that the new land management law highlights the protection of cultivated land, and the chaotic situation in which provinces, prefectures, cities, counties, and even townships and villages can approve and sell land for land use is over, especially agricultural land. easily occupied.This means that we have embarked on the track of legally governing land from administrative land granting. Another prominent change is that the new Land Management Law clarifies the legal protection of farmers' land management rights.Chen Shuangxi, a farmer in Queshan County, Henan Province, would never have imagined that just after the Third Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee, the upsurge of propagandizing the extension of the land contract period for another 30 years has not yet receded. Forcibly occupied.He has invested more than 400,000 yuan in this mountain forest, which has been managed with great success and is more than 40 years away from the contract period, but now people say they will occupy it.The village branch’s written interview with the TV reporter was fearless: “This is decided by our village.” In the face of power, the policy has become a dead letter.Chen Shuangxi's tearless eyes seem to be telling us: Farmers need such a powerful weapon as the law too much.Now, the new land law clearly stipulates: "The period of contracted management in rural areas is 30 years...Farmers' right to contracted management of land is protected by law." The period of contracted management of rural land remains unchanged for 30 years, which is a policy that has been implemented since my country's reform and opening up. This policy has been elevated to law this time, providing a legal basis for stabilizing the rural economic system.In the past, farmers worried about policy changes, but now they can use the law as a weapon to defend their legitimate rights and interests. In the past, my country has long implemented a system of five-level government management of land and graded quotas for approval of land. This management model has led many local governments to be driven by interests, and only consider local and immediate interests in land use. "Decentralization of land approval power" and other methods expand or covertly expand their own power to approve land, resulting in low land use efficiency, serious waste of idle land, and continuous reduction of arable land.The new Land Management Law abolished the approval system of land grades and quotas, and implemented a new and stricter land management system—the land use management system.Firstly, it establishes the legal system for the country to implement land use control; secondly, land is divided into agricultural land, construction land and unused land, land use rights are divided into agricultural land use rights and construction land use rights, and different rights are stipulated The content is to urge land owners and land users to use land according to the law under the premise of use control; thirdly, establish an approval system for the conversion of agricultural land, and use the approval of agricultural land conversion as the key to implementing use control. For those, it must be examined and approved by the people's government at or above the provincial level in accordance with the overall plan for land use. In addition to the new Land Management Law, which has formulated strict legal provisions for the protection of cultivated land, many provinces and cities across the country have also formulated corresponding local regulations to strictly protect cultivated land. Guangdong Province has successively formulated 13 laws and regulations on land management and cultivated land protection and more than 20 administrative regulations to effectively protect cultivated land.In order to make the regulations practical, Guangdong Province has also strengthened the construction of land supervision and law enforcement teams. At present, the province has established 86 land supervision and law enforcement teams with more than 800 people. While strengthening the joint handling of cases by land, administrative supervision and discipline inspection departments, there are 37 counties and cities have established different forms of joint land law enforcement systems with the public security and judicial departments. The per capita arable land in Sichuan Province is only 0.8 mu, and the construction land has gradually increased in recent years. The Sichuan Provincial Government has promulgated the "Interim Measures for Reclamation of Arable Land in Sichuan Province", and the province has incorporated land development and reclamation into an important part of the assessment of land management objectives of governments at all levels. Implemented, and decomposed the tasks layer by layer to the city, county, township, village and farmers, signed contracts layer by layer, formulated reward and punishment methods, and effectively promoted land development and reclamation work. During the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, Sichuan Province developed and reclaimed 2.609 million mu of land and 698,000 mu of cultivated land. For eight consecutive years, the area of ​​reclaimed cultivated land was more than equal to the area of ​​cultivated land occupied by construction. During the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, the total arable land in Fujian Province dropped from 18.548 million mu to 18.05 million mu, a net decrease of 498,000 mu, while the population increased by 1.6426 million during the same period, and the per capita cultivated land dropped from 0.62 mu to 0.57 mu.The province's annual per capita cultivated land decreased by 0.01 mu.The People's Congress of Fujian Province legislated to stick to 15 million mu of basic farmland, and localities are not allowed to adjust or occupy it arbitrarily.It is necessary to strictly control the occupation of cultivated land in protected areas by various constructions. Those who violate the approval process and occupy cultivated land in basic farmland protected areas shall not only be punished according to law, but also be punished by party and political discipline for those responsible. There are laws that shield China's cultivated land from wind and rain, and laws that support China's grain production. China's grain production will have a greater development. From this, we can boldly say: China's yellow land not only has the ability to feed us, but also has the potential to make us go beyond food and clothing.The key lies in the degree of importance we attach to the food problem and the degree of effort we put into food production.