Chapter 18 Appendix II Explanatory Notes for the Exhibition of Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall

Welcome everyone to visit. Here, we mainly introduce the glorious life of Zhou Enlai, the founding prime minister of the People's Republic of China. (A total of eight parts are introduced) Zhou Enlai's ancestral home was in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. After his grandfather Zhou Diankui (should be Zhou Qikui) and uncle Zhou Haixiang moved to Huai'an, Jiangsu, they jointly bought this house located in Consort Lane in Huai'an City.On March 5, 1898, Zhou Enlai was born in this room, named Da Luan as a child. When he was less than one year old, he was adopted to his younger uncle Zhou Yigan who was seriously ill. When he was five years old, he entered a private school Studying, named Enlai and Xiangyu, studied in Zhou's family school in Huai'an, Wan's family school in Huaiyin and Chen's garden school, and once studied at the home of his cousin Gong Yinsun.

In the spring of 1910, twelve-year-old Zhou Enlai left home and went to Shenyang. He first studied at Yingang Academy and then transferred to Dongguan Model School. Once, when answering the teacher’s question “Why study?”, he replied: "For the rise of China." In his composition "Remarks on the Second Anniversary of Dongguan Model School", he pointed out that the purpose of teaching and learning is to cultivate talents for the country and make the country prosperous and strong. While studying at the Dongguan Model School, Zhou Enlai also visited the Russo-Japanese War site in Weijialou in the southern suburbs of Shenyang many times, and heard local old people tell about the scene of the invaders bloodbathed this place, which greatly shocked the young Zhou Enlai.

In August 1913, Zhou Enlai was admitted to Tianjin Nankai School, which was modeled on the modern education system in Europe and the United States. In the second year, he and his classmates Zhang Ruifeng and Chang Ceou initiated the establishment of a school-wide student group - "Dedicated and Happy Group Association" , presided over the publication of the journal "Dedication", and served as the editor of the school magazine "School Spirit", the head of the Wenyuan Department and the general manager of the Manager Department.Zhou Enlai also actively participated in the drama activities of Nankai New Theater Troupe.At that time, due to social customs, men and women could not perform on the same stage, so Zhou Enlai played the heroine in "Aunt Qiu" and "One Yuan Money".

In June 1917, Zhou Enlai graduated with honors from Tianjin Nankai School. In September 1917, Zhou Enlai traveled east to Japan in search of a way to save the country.Before leaving, he wrote a famous poem: "The song of the great river turns back to the east, and the profound science and technology help the world. During his stay in Japan, Zhou Enlai came into contact with Marxism.After the publication of the journal "Research on Social Issues" sponsored by Hajime Kawagami, an early Japanese Marxist researcher and communicator, Zhou Enlai was an enthusiastic reader of this journal.

In April 1919, Zhou Enlai left Japan and returned to China, and joined the wave of the great "May 4th" Movement.Become one of the main leaders of the "May 4th" Movement in Tianjin.He edited the "Tianjin Student Union Newspaper" and wrote articles to guide the student movement in Tianjin.Initiated and organized the Tianjin student progress group - Juewu Society, and published the magazine "Zhouwu". On January 29, 1920, Zhou Enlai and others led thousands of Tianjin students to the Zhili Provincial Office to petition to protest the reactionary government's traitorous behavior and sabotage of the patriotic movement. They were arrested by the reactionary authorities. During their detention, Zhou Enlai thought about many issues. When he later talked about his communist beliefs, he said: "Thoughts are shaking in prison." In July, with the struggle of the arrested representatives and the solidarity of people from all walks of life, the reactionary authorities were forced to release him. The arrested persons, "Records of Police Detention" and "Prosecutor's Diary" compiled by Zhou Enlai, recorded the struggle and study of the arrested representatives in prison.

On August 16, five progressive groups including the Juewu Society met in Taoranting, Beijing to discuss the development direction of the patriotic movement and the issue of joint struggle. Li Dazhao, Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao and others attended the meeting. In the first ten days of November 1920, Zhou Enlai traveled across the ocean and came to Europe, the hometown of Marx, to study and investigate and seek the truth.He has been to London, England, Paris, France, and Berlin, Germany.After repeated study and thinking, Zhou Enlai finally made the most important decision in his life: to establish communist beliefs.In the spring of 1921, introduced by Zhang Shenfu and Liu Qingyang, he joined the Paris Communist Group, one of the eight initiation groups of the Communist Party of China, thus becoming one of the founders of the Communist Party of China.From this day until the last moment of his life, he fulfilled his oath with actions: "The doctrine I believe must not change, and I am determined to promote it."

In June 1922, the Youth Communist Party of China in Europe was established. In February 1923, it was renamed the Communist Youth League of China in Europe. Zhou Enlai was the main person in charge of this organization until he returned to China in 1924. , in the articles of association drafted by Zhou Enlai, it is stipulated that applicants must "have belief in communism".During this period, Zhou Enlai also led the publication of the theoretical journal "Youth" (later renamed "Red Light") to promote Marxism, and published a large number of articles in the journal.

During his stay in Europe, Zhou Enlai paid attention to the work of the united front. In June 1923, Zhou Enlai was entrusted by the party to discuss the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party with Wang Jingqi, who was ordered by Sun Yat-sen to establish a branch of the Kuomintang in France.Participated in the establishment of the branch of the Kuomintang in Europe and served as the person in charge. In the summer of 1924, Zhou Enlai was transferred back to China. This is a group photo of some members of the Paris Kuomintang branch sending him back to China. In September 1924, Zhou Enlai arrived in Guangzhou, the seat of the Guangdong government after the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

In November 1924, Zhou Enlai became the director of the Political Department of the Whampoa Military Academy.With his outstanding talent, Zhou Enlai creatively carried out political work in the army. During the two expeditions against the warlord Chen Jiongming, the political work of the Eastern Expeditionary Army under the leadership of Zhou Enlai achieved great success. The "Politics Weekly" published at that time The article "A Brief Introduction to the Eastern Expedition" describes how Zhou Enlai served as the chief director of the General Political Department of the Eastern Expedition Army during the second Eastern Expedition and led the work of the Political Department of the Eastern Expedition Army.

Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao were both members of the Consciousness Society during the "May 4th" Movement. During Zhou Enlai's stay in Europe, they established a romantic relationship through correspondence. On August 8, 1925, they got married in Guangzhou. During their revolutionary career for more than half a century, they experienced countless difficulties, obstacles and turbulent waves.He has always been unswerving in life and death, sharing weal and woe, and left a good story worthy of eternal praise to future generations. In December 1926, Zhou Enlai was transferred to Shanghai, where the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is located.

On March 21, 1927, Zhou Enlai, Luo Yilong, the head of the Shanghai District Committee, Yue Shiyan and others led the third armed uprising of 800,000 workers in Shanghai, writing a glorious page in the history of Chinese revolution .As the commander-in-chief of this uprising, Zhou Enlai's resolute and decisive, meticulous, calm, and commanding leadership skills are also known and admired by more people. Zhou Enlai never forgot the old workers who participated in the street fighting with him. In 1957, he cordially met with the old comrades who participated in the third armed uprising in Shanghai. In April and July 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei betrayed the revolution one after another, and the vigorous revolution failed. In April, Zhou Enlai, Zhao Shiyan and others called the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, suggesting that they should send troops to attack Chiang Kai-shek quickly.In order to save the Chinese revolution, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to launch an armed uprising led by Zhou Enlai in Nanchang, using revolutionary armed forces to oppose counter-revolutionary armed forces. In the early morning of August 1, 1927, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng and others launched the Nanchang Uprising and fired the first shot against the Kuomintang reactionaries. In the Jiangxi Hotel in Nanchang, Zhou Enlai convened an important meeting and announced the establishment of the Front Enemy Committee. He served as the secretary of the Front Enemy Committee and formulated the strategy for the uprising in this office. The Nanchang Uprising was the beginning of our party's independent leadership of the armed struggle, and it was a great feat of the Chinese Communist Party's armed struggle against the Kuomintang reactionaries.On July 11, 1933, the 45th meeting of the People's Committee of the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic decided to set August 1 as the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army Memorial Day, which is today's Army Day of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Zhou Enlai Together with Mao Zedong and Zhu De, he became one of the three main founders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. In May 1928, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in the suburbs of Moscow. Zhou Enlai attended the meeting and made a "Report on Organizational Issues" and "Report on Military Movements". He is a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Secretary-General of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau, Minister of Central Organization and Secretary of the Military Commission. In early November 1928, Zhou Enlai returned to Shanghai under the shadow of white terror, and insisted on the leadership of the Party Central Committee under very difficult circumstances. On August 20, 1929, according to the decision of the Political Conference of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Zhou Enlai presided over the drafting of the letter from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to the Front Committee of the Fourth Red Army, and gave clear instructions on the work of the Fourth Red Army. Monthly letter", this instruction played a huge role in unifying the thinking of the Fourth Red Army and holding the "Gutian Conference". Zhou Enlai persisted in the underground struggle for four years in the White Areas, and made great contributions to preserving the essence of the party and restoring and developing the revolutionary forces in the White Areas and the Soviet Areas. At the end of December 1931, Zhou Enlai arrived in Ruijin, the capital of the Central Soviet Area, and took the post of Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area. During the month, together with Zhu De, he created the successful experience of the ambush and annihilation of the large corps, and achieved the fourth victory in the anti-encirclement and suppression campaign. On October 10, 1934, the Red Army began the world-famous 25,000-mile Long March. In January 1935, at the Zunyi Conference with great historical significance, Zhou Enlai firmly supported the correct line represented by Mao Zedong. The meeting elected Mao Zedong as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, revoked the leadership of Li De and Bogu over the military, and determined The military was still commanded by Zhou Enlai and Zhu De, the main leaders of the Central Military Commission, and Mao Zedong was Zhou Enlai's helper in military command.Zhou Enlai was "entrusted by the party to be responsible for the final determination of commanding the military." On October 19, 1935, the Red Army finally arrived in northern Shaanxi after numerous difficulties and obstacles. Due to the continuous expansion of Japanese aggression against China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a Politburo meeting in Wayaobao, and determined the strategy of establishing the most extensive anti-Japanese national united front. Great effort and a lot of work has been done. On December 12, 1936, the patriotic generals Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng stationed in Xi'an launched a "military remonstrance" against Chiang Kai-shek in order to force Chiang to resist the Japanese.Under the sudden and rapidly changing situation, Zhou Enlai led the CCP delegation to Xi'an. Regardless of his personal safety, he experienced thrilling days and nights for the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident. After the Xi'an Incident, Zhou Enlai conducted many negotiations on behalf of the Kuomintang.Once, on his way from Yan'an to Nanjing, when the car drove to Laoshan in the south of Yan'an, he was suddenly attacked by a group of bandits.This is a blanket that Zhou Enlai carried with him when Laoshan was in danger and was hacked more than a dozen times by the gangsters.This blanket was given to Zhu De by Dong Zhentang after the Ningdu Uprising. After the Xi’an Incident, Zhou Enlai often traveled between Xi’an and Yan’an despite the wind and rain, and Zhu De gave this blanket to Zhou Enlai.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhu De went to the front line in person, and Zhou Enlai returned the blanket to Zhu De.This blanket is not only a symbol of Zhou Enlai's fearless revolutionary spirit, but also embodies the deep friendship between the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries. On July 7, 1937, the Japanese invaders suddenly launched an attack on the Chinese garrison at Marco Polo Bridge. The Chinese army rose up to resist, and the nationwide Anti-Japanese War broke out. On behalf of Chiang Kai-shek of the Chinese Communist Party, Zhou Enlai went through many difficult and tortuous negotiations.Driven by the development of the objective situation, the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation on the basis of joint resistance against Japan was finally realized.On September 22, the Kuomintang formally published the "CPC Central Committee's Declaration of the Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation" drafted by Zhou Enlai, and recognized the legal status of our party. So far, the anti-Japanese national united front was formally formed. According to the agreement reached through negotiations, our party reorganized the Red Army into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army (later renamed the Eighteenth Army), and reorganized the Red Army guerrillas in 13 regions in eight southern provinces into the New Fourth Army. Zhou Enlai negotiated with Yan Xishan many times in order to discuss issues such as cooperating with the Kuomintang army after the Eighth Route Army went to the front line of the Shanxi Anti-Japanese War.And worked in Shanxi for nearly three months. At the end of 1937, Zhou Enlai came to Wuhan to lead the delegation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and later, with the approval of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he served as the deputy director of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government. In Wuhan, Zhou Enlai made extensive contacts with people from all walks of life and international friends, and publicized the Chinese Communist Party's anti-Japanese proposition to them so that they could understand the real situation of our party. At the end of December 1938, Zhou Enlai came to Chongqing, the seat of the National Government, to lead the CCP delegation and serve as secretary of the CCP Southern Bureau. In the spring of 1939, Zhou En came to the headquarters of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui to convey the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. (This is a photo of him with the leaders of the New Fourth Army) In July 1939, on his way to give a report at the Central Party School in Yan'an, Zhou Enlai unfortunately fell off a horse and injured his right arm.Because the treatment effect in Yan'an was not good, the central government arranged for him to go to the Soviet Union for medical treatment.During his treatment in the Soviet Union, he still insisted on doing a lot of work for the party. In February 1940, Zhou Enlai left the Soviet Union and returned to China. At the end of May, he returned to Chongqing and continued to preside over the work of the CCP delegation and the CCP Southern Bureau. In January 1941, Chiang Kai-shek broke his promise and with seven times the strength of our own, suddenly attacked the troops of our New Fourth Army who were ordered to move north, creating the Southern Anhui Incident that shocked China and the world.After Zhou Enlai learned of the news, he immediately lodged a serious protest to Chiang Kai-shek, and wrote an inscription for "Xinhua Daily": "Sorrow for those who died in the south of the Yangtze River!" The truth of the incident was revealed, and the Kuomintang's crimes were condemned. During his stay in Chongqing, Zhou Enlai gave full play to the fighting role of the CCP delegation and the Xinhua Daily, adopted reasonable, beneficial, and restrained strategies, and fought hard tit-for-tat with the diehards of the Kuomintang. In July 1947, Zhou Enlai returned from Chongqing to Yan'an to participate in the rectification movement and the preparations for the "Seventh National Congress" of the party. At the "Seventh National Congress", Zhou Enlai specially summarized the experience and lessons of the united front work. After the closing ceremony of the "Seventh National Congress", the situation of finally defeating the Japanese invaders quickly formed throughout the country. In March and November 1945, the headquarters of our Eighth Route Army issued seven orders to fight against Japan in succession. Zhou Enlai drafted the first Orders one to six. On August 14, 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender. After eight years of arduous resistance, the Chinese people finally won the final victory. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese Communist Party sent Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Wang Ruofei to Chongqing to conduct peace negotiations with the Kuomintang in order to do everything possible to fight for peace. After 43 days of negotiations, on October 10, Zhou Enlai and Wang Ruofei represented the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang. Signed the "Minutes of the Talks between the Government and the Representatives of the Communist Party of China", that is, the "Double Ten Agreement". After Mao Zedong returned to Yan'an, Zhou Enlai stayed in Chongqing and led the CCP delegation to continue the KMT-CCP ​​negotiations. On January 10, 1946, Zhou Enlai and Zhang Qun, a representative of the Kuomintang, formally signed the "Order and Statement of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party on Cessation of Conflict and Resumption of Traffic". At 10 a.m. that day, the Political Consultative Conference held in Chongqing opened. Seven people including Zhou Enlai attended the meeting on behalf of the Communist Party of China. Zhou Enlai delivered a speech at the opening ceremony. Since the Kuomintang moved its capital to Nanjing, Zhou Enlai led the CCP delegation from Chongqing to Nanjing on May 3, 1946, and lived in No. 30 Meiyuan New Village. At the beginning of 1946, the Kuomintang army, which broke the armistice agreement, surrounded the liberated area of ​​the Central Plains led by Li Xiannian. Li Xiannian's lie in Xuanhuadian, Hubei, and reached an agreement to stop the conflict with the truce team of the Military Adjustment Department formed by the United States and the Kuomintang on May 8. (Introduction to the photo of wading across the river) In June 1946, Chiang Kai-shek launched an all-out civil war, and Zhou Enlai and the CCP delegation launched a more arduous negotiation struggle with the Kuomintang reactionaries.He has been to Shanghai many times, met with people from all walks of life, and exposed the crimes of the Kuomintang reactionaries in disrupting peace and launching civil wars. Since the Kuomintang violated the resolutions of the CPPCC and convened a puppet National Congress arranged by one party, the door to peace talks was closed. On January 29, he left Nanjing and returned to Yan'an. After Zhou Enlai returned to Yan'an, as the vice chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and acting chief of staff, he assisted Mao Zedong in leading the People's Liberation War across the country. In March 1947, Chiang Kai-shek sent troops to attack Yan'an, and Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi and others led the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to fight in northern Shaanxi. On the way to northern Shaanxi, Zhou Enlai still paid close attention to and continued to lead the development of the people's democratic movement in the Kuomintang-ruled area. He called the people's democratic movement in the Kuomintang-ruled area the "second battlefield." In April 1948, Zhou Enlai followed the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to Xibaipo Village, Jianping County (now Pingshan County), Hebei Province at that time.Here, he assisted Mao Zedong in commanding the three major campaigns of Liaoshen, Huaihai, and Pingjin, participated in the leadership of the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and made immortal contributions to the liberation of the Chinese people. On March 25, 1949, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China moved from Xibaipo to Peiping. Zhou Enlai attended the military parade held at Xiyuan Airport. Beginning on April 1, 1949, the CCP delegation headed by Zhou Enlai held negotiations with the Kuomintang government delegation in Beiping. Since the Kuomintang government refused to sign the "Domestic Peace Agreement", the People's Liberation Army began to fight across the river. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people finally won the great victory of the new democratic revolution after a long and arduous struggle. On September 21, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was grandly opened in Huairen Hall, Zhongnanhai.At the meeting, Zhou Enlai made a report on "The Process of Drafting the Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the Features of the Program". This "programme" later became the administrative program of the Central People's Government. In order to commemorate the people's heroes who have sacrificed their lives for the birth of New China for more than 100 years, on September 30, a grand foundation stone laying ceremony for the Monument to the People's Heroes was held in Tiananmen Square. Zhou Enlai delivered a speech at the foundation stone laying ceremony.The inscription on the monument written by him is also engraved on the Monument to the People's Heroes. On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was established, and the Chinese people have stood up since then.The new China, which Zhou Enlai had fought for since his youth, finally began to stand like a giant in the east of the world. At the first meeting of the Central People's Government Committee.Fifty-one-year-old Zhou Enlai was appointed Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the new China. Zhou Enlai attached great importance to economic construction. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he proposed: "We must develop industry on the basis of developing agriculture, and raise the level of agricultural production under the leadership of industry." Due to the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee and Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai's overall planning, In just three years, our country quickly healed the wounds of the war, resumed and developed production, and won the victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. In September 1954, at the First Session of the National People's Congress, Zhou Enlai was appointed Premier of the State Council. In his "Government Work Report", he first proposed to the people of the whole country to realize the four modernizations in our country. At the Third National People's Congress in 1964, the task of building my country into a powerful socialist country with four modernizations was put forward. Zhou Enlai firmly and outstandingly implemented the party's united front policy and made great contributions to consolidating and developing the revolutionary united front. Zhou Enlai treated patriotic democrats of all parties and walks of life with sincerity. He respected Soong Ching Ling very much and said: "She has always cooperated with the Communist Party for a long time." After thousands of miles, I arrived in Beijing. Zhou Enlai correctly implemented the party's ethnic policy, and he has a heart-to-heart relationship with people of all ethnic groups.In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, his inscription for the visiting group of ethnic minorities was a guideline for him to faithfully implement the party's ethnic policy and promote national unity. After the founding of New China, Zhou Enlai has been in charge of my country's diplomatic work. His extensive diplomatic activities and outstanding talents have won the respect of people all over the world. In April 1954, Zhou Enlai led the Chinese delegation to Switzerland to attend the Geneva Conference.This was the first time that Zhou Enlai represented New China in the international political arena. His dignified demeanor, outstanding talent and superb diplomatic skills broke the deadlock in the negotiations on Indochina peace and greatly improved the international status of New China. During this period, Zhou Enlai also visited India and Myanmar. The Chinese government first proposed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence jointly advocated by my country, India and China, and it has now become a widely respected norm in international relations. In April 1955, when the first Asian-African Conference was held in Bandung, Indonesia, the Kuomintang government blew up the "Princess of Kashmir" of Indian Airlines chartered by China. Zhou Enlai, who survived the disaster, disregarded personal safety, Resolutely went there, and in just seven days of the meeting, Zhou Enlai's heroic demeanor, foresight and persuasive style left a deep impression on the representatives of various countries.Zhou Enlai led the Chinese government delegation twice to visit eleven countries in Asia and Europe and fourteen countries in Asia, Africa and Europe.It has further strengthened the connection between our country and the people of other countries, and enhanced the friendship with the people of all countries. In February 1972, Zhou Enlai held talks with visiting US President Nixon and issued the famous "Shanghai Communique", which laid the foundation for the normalization of Sino-US relations and brought about profound changes in the entire international situation. The normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan embodies Zhou Enlai's countless painstaking efforts and wisdom.In September 1972, Zhou Enlai and Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka signed a joint statement, ending the abnormal situation between China and Japan and opening a new chapter in the history of bilateral relations. Zhou Enlai unswervingly implemented the party's policy on intellectuals. Under his care, more than 500 experts and scholars, including Li Siguang and Qian Xuesen, gave up the favorable treatment abroad and resolutely threw themselves into the arms of the poor motherland. Zhou Enlai attached great importance to the development of education, sports, and health. He was very concerned about the growth of the new generation of the motherland; he cared about the thoughts, work, and life of literary and art workers, and encouraged athletes to compete in style and win glory for the country.He also personally revised my country's first plan for the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. As one of the main founders of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhou Enlai has always been concerned about the construction of the People's Army, and has visited the land, sea, and air forces many times.In order to rapidly develop my country's cutting-edge national defense technology, Zhou Enlai devoted a lot of effort.After the successful explosion of my country's first atomic bomb, Zhou Enlai announced the good news with great excitement. The "ten years of turmoil" brought serious disasters to the party, the country and the people.Zhou Enlai was in a very difficult situation. However, he took the overall situation into consideration and worked hard. For the benefit of the country and the people, and to maintain the normal progress of the country's work, he worked hard and devoted himself to work. In order to protect a large number of cadres inside and outside the party, he made unremitting efforts.This is a list of cadres who should be protected that he personally made on August 30, 1966. Zhou Enlai has been working tirelessly and selflessly for decades, sending away one sleepless night after another.The photos of Zhou Enlai's hard work remind us of the ever-lasting lights in Zhongnanhai's prime minister's office. This is a big-character poster posted on the door of Premier Zhou's office by the comrades who worked beside him during the Cultural Revolution. After smashing the Lin Biao reactionary clique, Zhou Enlai fought resolutely against the "Gang of Four" to correct the mistakes in the "Cultural Revolution".On January 10, 1972, he delivered a eulogy speech at Chen Yi's memorial service.On June 9, 1975, he came from the hospital sick to attend He Long's ashes interment ceremony. For Deng Xiaoping's safety and to return to work, Zhou Enlai was admitted to the hospital due to illness. At his suggestion, Deng Xiaoping took charge of the daily work of the Central Committee.In 1975, he and Deng Xiaoping met visiting Kim Il Sung at the hospital. Due to severe swelling of the feet, he could not wear leather shoes, so he asked someone to rush to make a pair of cloth shoes. This oddly shaped small table records an unforgettable story. During the "Cultural Revolution", Zhou Enlai often worked continuously regardless of day and night. For the convenience of reviewing documents, he used a plywood as a pad at first. Due to long hours of work, his hands trembled from exhaustion, and sometimes he fell asleep when the pen fell on the bed. In order to "improve" his working conditions, Deng Yingchao personally designed this inclined table. On September 7, 1975, Zhou Enlai met with a Romanian party and government delegation in the hospital despite the deterioration of his condition and the dissuasion of medical staff. This was the last time he received foreign guests. On January 13, 1975, at the first meeting of the Fourth National People's Congress, Zhou Enlai, who was ill, delivered the "Government Work Report", reiterating the grand task of realizing the four modernizations in our country.This is his political testament to the people of the whole country. The people's prime minister loves the people, the people's prime minister loves the people, the prime minister and the people share weal and woe, and the people and the prime minister have a heart-to-heart bond.Zhou Enlai is the faithful son of the Chinese people. His noble morality and selfless devotion as a public servant of the people are admired by the Chinese people and the people of the world.He is upright, has a clean sleeve, is open-minded, selfless and fearless, and can be regarded as a model for the whole party and the people of the whole country.Zhou Enlai has always regarded himself as an ordinary laborer. In 1958, he led the staff of the State Council to participate in voluntary labor at the Ming Tombs Reservoir. He personally carried the banner and walked at the forefront of the team. He is approachable, has extensive contacts with the masses, and cares about the sufferings of the masses. In the coal mine, he went down to the mine to be with the workers, and in the farmhouse, he talked cordially with the aunt.In 1966, a strong earthquake occurred in Xingtai. He braved the risk of aftershocks and rushed to the scene immediately. He came among the people in the disaster area and personally directed the earthquake relief work. Zhou Enlai was strict with himself and set an example. When dealing with the former residence of Huai'an, he repeatedly instructed people not to visit or restore it. : "To demolish the house I used to live in." As early as 1953, Zhou Enlai ordered that his ancestral grave in Huai'an be leveled out.In 1965, he sent his nephew Zhou Ercui to Huai'an to deal with this matter.Later, another seventy yuan was sent as compensation for the wages of the grave and the loss of young crops.In 1958, he also specially sent people to Chongqing to bury the graves of his biological father and Deng Yingchao's mother who were buried there during the Anti-Japanese War. Zhou Enlai paid great attention to feelings, but his concern for relatives was to do his best as an ordinary citizen and never use the power endowed by the people.He has very strict requirements on his relatives and juniors, and will never allow anything special.His nephew, Zhou Erhui, used to be a teacher at a university in Beijing. In order to solve the problem of the separation of the husband and wife, his wife who was working in Huai'an was transferred to Beijing. Zhou Enlai encouraged his niece Zhou Bingjian to work as a herdsman on the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, and he also asked his nephew Zhou Rongqing to become a farmer in Henan. Before the Spring Festival in 1961, the consignor of Huai’an County brought some local products——Huai’an tea shop to Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao.Soon, he returned it intact, and also enclosed a notice from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on prohibiting invitations to treat guests and give gifts. Premier Zhou has always adhered to a hard and simple style of life. He lives very frugally. This is a bath towel he once used, and Deng Yingchao sewed the patch on it by himself. Seeing these objects and clothes used by Premier Zhou during his lifetime, we seem to see his voice, smile and appearance and his ordinary but great figure again. January 8, 1976 was a sad and unforgettable day.Zhou Enlai bid farewell to us at 9:57 a.m. due to illness and medical treatment was ineffective.At the last moment of his life, he sang "The Internationale" in a low voice, and said to the doctors beside him: "I'm fine here, you go and take care of other comrades." This is what our good Prime Minister thought of when he was dying It's someone else, but he is the only one who doesn't have himself in his heart. Zhou Enlai's body was placed among the flowers. Party and state leaders and people in the capital bid farewell to Zhou Enlai's body with deep sorrow. Deng Xiaoping delivered a eulogy at Zhou Enlai's memorial service. The hearse carrying Zhou Enlai's body slowly drove towards Babaoshan. Millions of people in the capital braved the cold spring and spontaneously came to the street, and shed tears on the ten-mile long street to mourn the people's good prime minister. The mountains and rivers weep, the heaven and the earth mourn together, and the people of the whole country are immersed in grief. The news of Zhou Enlai's death spread to Huai'an, and people came to his former residence one after another, held mourning activities, and deeply expressed the thoughts of the people in his hometown. Zhou Enlai's death aroused great repercussions at home and abroad.Newspapers and periodicals at home and abroad published obituaries and mourning articles one after another, and the United Nations lowered its flag at half-mast in mourning; representatives of the UN Security Council who were in session all stood up in silence; telegrams of condolence were sent from all over the world, and Zhou Enlai was mourned in various forms. The "Gang of Four" went against the grain and tried every means to sabotage people's activities to mourn Zhou Enlai. On the Ching Ming Festival in 1976, people flocked to Tiananmen Square, expressing their memory of Zhou Enlai with wreaths and poems, and denouncing the crimes of the "Gang of Four". Although Zhou Enlai left us, his great spirit and noble sentiments won the admiration and respect of people all over the world.This is a poem monument built by Japan to commemorate Zhou Enlai.The Korean people built bronze statues in places visited by Zhou Enlai.France placed a bronze medal on the place where Zhou Enlai lived in France. After Zhou Enlai passed away, according to his will, his ashes were scattered on the land of the motherland.However, the ashes are scattered on the land of the motherland, and the monument tree is in the hearts of the people.His glorious image, like a towering mountain, like a towering pine, will always stand in the hearts of the Chinese people and the people of the world.His revolutionary spirit illuminates the sun and the moon, and his great achievements for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the happiness of the people will last forever. Zhou Enlai will always live in the hearts of the people!