Chapter 14 Chapter 13 Novelty and unique exhibition arrangement

Zhou Enlai had a magnificent life, and his personality and moral character can be called a model of our Chinese nation. How to set up his memorial hall is indeed full of difficulties. Zhou Enlai has held the main leadership positions of the party and the country for more than half a century. He participated in almost every important juncture of the Chinese revolution and made outstanding contributions. However, the area of ​​the exhibition hall of the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall is only 234 square meters, and the length of the exhibition line is only 71 meters.In addition, there are already more than 30 memorial sites related to Zhou Enlai in Shaoxing, Shenyang, Tianjin, Chongqing, Nanjing, etc. Huaian, as a comprehensive memorial hall, cannot be the same as any of the above-mentioned ones in terms of content and form of exhibition.

At the beginning of 1991, considering the importance and seriousness of the exhibition arrangement, the historical materials collection and display team planned to invite the first-class exhibition arrangement experts from Beijing to come to Huai'an for guidance after careful study and repeated discussions, and asked the leaders of Huai'an Municipal Party Committee for approval.However, due to time constraints and other reasons, this matter could not be finally implemented. In this way, such a political and technical task fell on the shoulders of the collection and display team of historical materials.Under the leadership of a deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Huai'an Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, the whole group of comrades made full use of collective wisdom, gave full play to their strengths, and walked a road of "self-reliance".

Huai'an's excellent exhibition art personnel are responsible for the design, construction scheduling and selection of exhibition content.After accepting the task, the comrades in the exhibition team immediately set off on the road, Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Nanchang... Everywhere they went, they watched carefully, studied hard, and asked questions with an open mind.Collect the strengths of many families and apply them to your actual exhibition. In accordance with the final approval instructions of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall is a comprehensive memorial hall, which is divided into eight parts.The first to sixth parts show the life of Zhou Enlai, and the last two parts are the two special topics of "The People's Prime Minister Loves the People" and "Zhou Enlai Will Live in the People's Hearts Forever".

There are too many deeds in Zhou Enlai's life, but the exhibition area of ​​the exhibition hall of the memorial hall is limited.This requires selection of representative pictures and physical materials in content screening.Among them, the following are worth mentioning. Part one, the teenage years. It has been twenty-six years since Zhou Enlai's birth to Western Europe's joining the party.Among them, the group photo of Zhou Enlai with the party introducers Zhang Shenfu and Liu Qingyang at Wansai Lake in Berlin is very precious.This is not only an important sign that Zhou Enlai found the revolutionary truth of Marxism, but also a glorious starting point for him to devote himself to the great proletarian revolution.Due to the long time and the danger of the revolutionary journey, it is difficult to complete the early archives of our party. Zhou Enlai's joining time has always been regarded as 1922.Zhou Enlai himself also filled in this way before his death.However, in 1986, Comrade Xia Zhixu recalled that this photo was taken in Berlin in the spring of 1921 when Zhang Shenfu, Liu Qingyang and Zhou Enlai were discussing the issue of his joining the party. .Comrade Xia Zhixu is an old party member of our party, the wife of Zhao Shiyan, the first head of the European branch of the Communist Party of China, and the aunt of the current Premier Li Peng.She is the only remaining witness of that period of history.So people asked her to make a report to the Party Central Committee. After investigation and verification by the Organization Department of the Central Committee, Zhou Enlai's joining the party should be in March and April 1921.In this way, it is a year earlier than before.At that time, the Communist Party of China had not yet been formally established, and the Paris Communist Group was one of the eight founding groups of the Communist Party of China, and Zhou Enlai was re-identified as one of the founders of the Communist Party of China.This photo of Zhou Enlai has special political significance.

The second part, the period of the Great Revolution. Zhou Enlai led the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China, pioneered political work in the army, led the Eastern Expedition, and successfully led the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers.Among them, the wedding photos he and Deng Yingchao took in Guangzhou in August 1925 often make tourists linger.In the photo, this pair of like-minded young people are sitting on the same chair and cuddling each other. It is not only a full display of their friendship and husband and wife relationship, but also a brave attack on my country's thousands of years of feudal ethics.This photo was secretly given by Sister Deng to her sister-in-law Wang Shiqin shortly after the founding of the People's Republic of China.During the ten years of turmoil, Jiang Qing's minions thought they had a "handle" to attack Premier Zhou, saying that this photo had a serious bourgeois sentiment.After the words reached Sister Deng's ears, she angrily told the staff around her that under the shackles of feudal ethics for thousands of years, women were so suppressed that they couldn't hold their heads up. Who would dare to take such photos in the 1920s? ?We did that entirely to challenge feudal ethics!Therefore, "I say this photo was the most revolutionary photo at the time!"

The third part, the land revolution period. During these ten years, Zhou Enlai participated in several major historical events within the party: he successfully led the August 1st Nanchang Uprising and fired the first shot in the armed struggle against the Kuomintang reactionaries; He bravely solved the successive rebellions of Xiang Zhongfa and Gu Shunzhang; together with Zhu De, he led the Central Red Army to smash the fourth "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang reactionaries; Long march of thousands of miles; on behalf of our party to peacefully resolve the Xi'an Incident and promote the anti-Japanese national united front.Outstanding meritorious service, shining on the sun and the moon.A blanket on display is not only a testimony of Zhou Enlai's utter loyalty, but also a microcosm of his difficult and tortuous revolutionary road. The plot is deeply moving.It was April 25, 1937. Zhou Enlai and his party of 25 people rushed from Yan'an to Xi'an.When the truck arrived at Laoshan in the south of Yan'an, it was suddenly attacked by a group of more than 200 political bandits.The purpose of the bandits is very clear: to kill Zhou Enlai and destroy the anti-Japanese national united front!In the extremely fierce battle, eleven revolutionary martyrs including Chen Youcai, the chief of staff of the Yan'an Garrison and Zhou Enlai's aide, and the car driver died heroically on the spot, and most of the rest were wounded. The situation was extremely critical!Under the cover of the guards, Zhou Enlai, who was sitting next to the driver, got off the road and got into the woods and survived.The bandits who rushed to the car mistook the sacrificed Chen Youcai for Zhou Enlai, because he had a stack of Zhou Enlai's business cards in his pocket, so they frantically stabbed more than 20 bayonets, and the blanket that Zhou Enlai was carrying with him was also stolen. Cut a dozen knives.This blanket was given to Boss Zhu by Dong Zhentang during the uprising of the 26th Army of the Kuomintang in Ningdu in 1931.After the Xi'an Incident, Zhou Enlai often traveled back and forth between Yan'an and Xi'an in the wind and snow. Zhu De gave this blanket to Zhou Enlai.After the all-out war of resistance against Japan, Zhu De went to the front line in person to direct the war against Japan. Zhou Enlai gave Zhu De the repaired blanket that had been chopped down by the bandits in return.An ordinary blanket embodies the profound friendship among the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries, and is also a strong proof of Zhou Enlai's fearless revolutionary spirit.

The fourth part: the period of the Anti-Japanese War. Zhou Enlai lived in the "tiger's den" for a long time, persisted in leading the delegation of the CPC Central Committee and the Southern Bureau in the Kuomintang-controlled area, and made outstanding contributions to the formation of the Anti-Japanese National United Front and the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.In particular, the photo with Zhang Chong, the chief negotiator of the Kuomintang, is breathtaking, and everyone admires Zhou Enlai's outstanding contribution to the united front.Zhang Chong is the youngest member of the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee. He was originally the most resolute anti-communist cadre.Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek regarded him very highly and appointed him as the director-general of the Investigation and Statistics Office of the Central Organization Department of the Kuomintang, which later became the notorious "Zhongtong".As early as the early 1930s, Chiang Kai-shek was struggling to offer rewards to catch Zhou Enlai, so he instructed Zhang Chong to adopt despicable means and spread rumors in Shanghai's "Shenbao" and "Times" that "Wu Hao and other 243 Communist Party members broke away from the Communist Party." The "Communist Party Announcement" has made great achievements.Therefore, after the "Xi'an Incident", Chiang Kai-shek specially appointed Zhang Chong, an anti-communist figure, as the chief negotiator of the Kuomintang.But after repeated contests with Zhou Enlai at the negotiating table and getting along with him for a long time, Zhang Chong really got to know Zhou Enlai and the Communist Party.When the secret agents beat the newsboy of "Xinhua Daily", Zhang Chong responded to Zhou Enlai's request.After the Southern Anhui Incident, Zhang Chong angrily reprimanded the diehards for sabotaging the anti-Japanese national united front...Under Zhou Enlai's patient work and influence, Zhang Chong changed from a resolute anti-communist figure to a friend of the Communist Party.When he died of illness in the early 1940s, Zhou Enlai personally wrote a couplet to mourn him.It shows Tong Enlai's nostalgia and appropriate evaluation of Zhang Chong.

The fifth part: the liberation war period. From Zhou Enlai leading the CCP delegation from Chongqing to Nanjing to conduct arduous negotiations with the Kuomintang, to moving to northern Shaanxi to assist Mao Zedong in commanding the national liberation war, from the three major battles to preparing for the birth of New China.For more than a thousand days and nights in three years, Zhou Enlai worked hard and thought hard for the cause of the liberation of the Chinese people.A photo of Zhou Enlai wading across the river barefoot often attracts many admirers.It was the spring of 1946. Chiang Kai-shek secretly ordered Liu Zhi, the director of the Zhengzhou Appeasement Office, to be the commander-in-chief. He mobilized 26 divisions of 11 regular troops with a total of more than 300,000 people to surround our Central Plains Military Region with only 60,000 people.Zhou Enlai immediately suggested that the United States and the Kuomintang send representatives to Xuanhuadian, Hubei, where the Central Plains Military Region is located, as the CCP representative of the Military Mediation Executive Department.It was May, and it was raining for days. When the jeep arrived at Xuanhuadian, the river swelled and the road was cut off.Zhou Enlai made a decisive decision and invited nearby farmers. He and the farmers walked along the waist-high river, let the representatives of the United States and the Kuomintang sit in jeeps, and carried them across the river with their cars and people.The photographs were of the glimpses he gave of them looking back after they reached the other shore.That is a thank you to the people, and it is also the smile of a victor.It was precisely because Zhou Enlai took such actions in a timely and decisive manner that time was gained and the Central Plains Military Region successfully broke through.

The sixth part: the period of peace construction. From the founding of New China to his death.For twenty-six years, he devoted himself to the prosperity of the motherland, the improvement of China's international status, and the prosperity of the people.When he was seriously ill, the small inclined table designed by Comrade Deng Yingchao made him feel very sad.After Zhou Enlai fell ill in 1972, he kept working.After being admitted to No. 305 Hospital, I still insisted on reading manuscripts and approving documents, and sometimes I was so tired that my hands shook and I couldn't hold my pen.In order to "improve" Premier Zhou's office conditions, Comrade Deng Yingchao personally designed this small inclined table that can be placed on the bed.In this part, Zhou Enlai's resounding voice of realizing the four modernizations in our country, which was first proposed by Zhou Enlai at the First National People's Congress in 1954 and reiterated for the fourth time at the Fourth National People's Congress in January 1975, is passed. The glorious image reproduced on the TV screen not only expresses the wish of our whole nation, but also the goal he has fought for all his life, and it is also the political testament he left to the whole party and the people of the whole country. tearjerker.

The seventh part, the people's prime minister loves the people. The display team only carefully selected sixteen representative photos and five real objects from the vast sea of ​​pictures and real objects.However, frame after frame of photos is radiant; each piece of relics is told eloquently, all of which are Zhou Enlai's love for the people.The more Zhou Enlai loves the people, the more strict he is with himself.As early as the 1950s, he wrote to the People's Committee of Huai'an County three times, putting forward very strict requirements on how to deal with his old residence, ancestral graves and relatives.On the eve of the Spring Festival in 1965, he took the opportunity of his cousin Zhou Ercui to go home to visit relatives, and entrusted destroying his ancestral grave as a "special task" to his nephew.The local farmers had no choice but to destroy Premier Zhou's ancestral graves outside the east gate of Huai'an on New Year's Eve in accordance with his request.Afterwards, he also sent seventy yuan to the production team, saying it was used as wages for the grave and compensation for young crops.This is something that emperors and generals at home and abroad, ancient and modern, never thought about it, but Comrade Zhou Enlai, a proletarian revolutionist, did it.

The eighth and last part, Zhou Enlai will always live in the hearts of the people. A man who loved the people, the people will always miss him.The photos, real objects and TV screens here fully demonstrate the feelings of Chinese and foreign people for him.Whether it is sending off the Prime Minister on the Ten Mile Long Street or the sea of ​​flowers and poetry in Minganmen Square in Bingchen Qing Dynasty, it is all the expression of the hearts of the people.The elegiac couplet in black and gold letters in the showcase was sent by Marshal Kim Il Sung of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.As soon as the obituary of Zhou Enlai's death was announced, Kim Il-sung called from Pyongyang weeping. In addition to expressing his deep condolences, he also expressed the hope that China would allow him to come to Beijing to bid farewell to Zhou Enlai.Comrade Kim Il Sung's trip to Beijing did not come true because our country has regulations not to invite foreign heads of state to attend the funeral of state leaders.However, he still immediately sent a deputy prime minister to send his elegiac couplets directly to the Beijing Working People's Cultural Palace, and after delivering the elegiac couplets, he asked the deputy prime minister to watch for Zhou Enlai on his behalf.This elegiac couplet is not only a symbol of friendship between China and North Korea, but also the best testimony of the deep friendship between Kim Il Sung and Zhou Enlai. The exhibition content of the entire exhibition hall of the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall is selected from extensively collected historical materials, and the key points are highlighted.After the exhibition, it gives people the impression that the layout is compact but not crowded, which is also the biggest feature and merit of the exhibition of Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall. Of course, this exhibition arrangement is also a serious political task. The outline of the exhibition has been changed eight times, and the opinions of the Central Document Research Office, the Central Party History Work Committee, the Chinese Revolution Museum and other relevant departments have been solicited, and then approved by the Central Propaganda Department. Four times of review and finalization; the small sample and large sample of the layout of the exhibition will be produced after being approved by relevant provincial and central experts. During the exhibition period, Wang Xialin, the person in charge of the Propaganda Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, and the Provincial Party History Working Committee visited and gave specific guidance for many times. , carefully review and deliberate every photo, every object and every paragraph of explanatory text, and strive to be accurate.During the entire exhibition, attention was also paid to putting out as few words as possible and more pictures. In the entire exhibition hall, there is no long article.In particular, the five TV display screens installed on the wall allow visitors to witness the charming demeanor of Premier Zhou and listen to his kind and touching teachings while viewing pictures and real objects. Practice has proved that when many admirers saw the moving scene of seeing off the Prime Minister on the Ten Mile Long Street, they could not stop crying.In the entire exhibition hall, a total of 199 pictures and 48 objects or archives were exhibited. Among them, more than ten cultural relics and more than 20 frames of photos were "appeared" in the society for the first time, leaving visitors a lasting impression. The next "new" impression. In the summer of 1991, Wang Xialin, Minister of the Propaganda Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, saw the actual scene of the exhibition at the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall and said happily: "I really didn't expect you Huai'an to have such high-level talents for the exhibition!" He also said humorously: "What exhibitions will be held in our province in the future, we must invite you Huai'an people to participate in the work!"