Chapter 14 Chapter 14 Breakout

Facts have proved that the encirclement is quite strong, and the leaders are numerous and powerful. They began to break out from the siege in September, and they did not break out after two months. By November, even they themselves believed that the end of the day was not far away. It was already winter, and the weather was very cold. Tens of thousands of people were surrounded inside, without food or drink, without advance or retreat, unable to fight or escape. But it doesn't matter, there is still the unique skill of pressing the bottom of the box. As long as this trick is used, the powerful enemy can be wiped out-surrender.

Of course, surrender is temporary. Surrender first, put down your weapons, wait until you get out of the circle, pick up your weapons, and then we will continue. But you have to know that surrender is also difficult. In order to surrender smoothly, they collected a lot of money, found Wang Pu, the general soldier in the capital, and bribed him. There is no way, because if you want to surrender, it depends on whether others accept your surrender.For the common goal, it is also necessary to engage in appropriate relationships. And according to many people's thinking, the leaders should be very poor, and the general soldiers should be very rich. In fact, the reverse of this sentence is also appropriate.For example, Zhang Xianzhong later, after the surrender of Gucheng, bribed all the way to the court, and all the bribes were taken from him.

People do not recognize people, but money recognizes people. This principle is very common. The question is, with so many people participating in the siege, why did they bribe Wang Pu? This is a key question, and the answer to this question fully shows that the heads of the leaders are very good. He had no choice but to bribe Wang Pu. Because Comrade Wang Pu is from the capital. Among all the generals in the encirclement, he was the simplest and the least experienced. Although Comrade Wang Pu is from the capital city and is used to seeing big scenes, he has never seen the scenes in the northwest, and he is actually relatively simple in front of these leaders.

He knew that there are two outcomes in war, if you surrender, you will surrender, and if you don't surrender, you will be killed, but he doesn't know that there is a third - false surrender. He also didn't know that all the leaders in this encirclement had surrendered experience, and the average person had surrendered several times, and some of the higher-level ones, such as Zhang Xianzhong, were professionals who surrendered. In addition, the ignorant and simple Wang Zongbing is also a little unsophisticated. He still took the money from the leaders. On November 18th, the sixth year of Chongzhen (1634), the leaders sent representatives to Wang Pu (the money had already been sent) to express their sincerity in surrender, and hope that everyone will put down the butcher knife (of course, mainly you), Immediately become a Buddha.

Wang Pu was very happy, his plan was perfect, accepting the surrender, making some money for himself, and being rewarded for his meritorious deeds, nothing could be better. He immediately ordered to accept the surrender, and urged the leaders to assemble their troops as soon as possible and hand over their weapons. Of course he didn't remove the siege, he still couldn't do that kind of stupid thing. But since they have surrendered, there is an internal conflict. There is no need to mobilize the masses, you can rest where you are, and you must trust your comrades. If you want to say that Wang Pu didn't take any precautions, that's not right. He ordered the leaders to surrender within ten days.

Not ten days, four days is enough. On the 24th, more than 100,000 civilian troops broke through Wang Pu's defense line and rushed out of the encirclement. This led to a catastrophe. In view of the fact that all the armies are engaged in siege, there are basically no soldiers in Henan, so the leaders fought quite smoothly and spent a few days at ease. Just a few days. On December 3rd, Zuo Liangyu came after him. After the encirclement was broken, Chongzhen was so annoyed that he even kicked the table. He immediately ordered Wang Pu to be punished and all ministries to pursue him. Zuo Liangyu ran the fastest.

The reason why he is the fastest is not because he has a strong sense of responsibility, but according to the administrative division, Henan is his defense zone. If there is a trouble, he will be blamed. The situation in front of us is very troublesome. Hundreds of thousands of militiamen have poured into Henan, blooming everywhere, and there is no way to deal with it. Zuo Liangyu cleaned up, he cleaned up all the militias in Henan - it only took 20 days. Practice has proved that Zuo Zongbing is an outstanding and fierce man who is not born in the world. He led thousands of soldiers and attacked continuously.

Comrade Zuo Liangyu's work performance is so outstanding, in addition to the pressure of the scapegoat and his own efforts, there is another more important reason: what he wiped out was only the militia in Henan, and the main force of those leaders had already fled. I ran to Huguang, and the specific location was Yunyang in Huguang (now Yunyang, Hubei). I think they went to this place after careful consideration. In the provinces bordering Henan, Shaanxi is not allowed. Hong Chengchou is squatting there, and this man specializes in killing those who surrender, so there is no future in going there.

Shanxi can't go either. Although Cao Wenzhao has been transferred away, in the past few years, the majority of leaders have basically been beaten out of Caophobia. When they reach the border of Shanxi, they start to panic. Then go to Huguang. Gao Yingxiang and Li Zicheng were the first to go in, and when they went, they brought tens of thousands of people with them.The governor of Yunyang was dizzy at that time, because Yunyang is located in a mountainous area, and there are usually few people running here, and there are not many soldiers.The states and counties fell one after another, and there was nothing I could do, so I had to write a letter to the emperor overnight, saying that there were too many enemies, and I had nothing to do anyway, so I stretched my neck and waited for you to strike me.

These days, for Gao Yingxiang and Li Zicheng, it is relatively moist. Without Hong Chengchou, Cao Wenzhao, and Zuo Liangyu, in their view, Yunyang is a mountainous area, and there are no violent people, so they are naturally relieved and bold . This view is wrong. In fact, there is a fierce man here, a fourth fierce man. Speaking of which, Comrade Gao Yingxiang owed the reason why this fierce man came out of the mountain. If he didn't make trouble, he probably wouldn't be able to get out. But fortunately, Gao Yingxiang and Li Zicheng ran away before this person officially showed up.

I don't know exactly where they went. Anyway, they wandered around in a few provinces. If they spotted them, they would hit them. The rest of the leaders were also similar. The provinces in the Central Plains were turned upside down, and even Sichuan was not spared. When things got to this point, they had to resort to ruthlessness. In the seventh year of Chongzhen, Chongzhen officially ordered to set up a new position. The largest magistrate in the history of the Ming Dynasty appeared here. Before that, the biggest magistrate in the Ming Dynasty was Yuan Chonghuan. When he was the governor of Jiliao, he was able to manage five regions. The glorious record has been broken because of this new position, which can govern five provinces. This position, the title in history, is called the governor of the five provinces.Including Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Huguang, and Sichuan, they have great power and no jurisdiction. Anyway, as long as it is a place where thieves haunt, it is under his control. Once there is a position, someone needs to take it. According to the qualifications of generals at that time, there are only two options for those who can take up this position: A: Hong Chengchou, B: Cao Wenzhao. The answer is C, neither. The incumbent is called Chen Qiyu. Chen Qiyu, a Jinshi in the forty-fourth year of Wanli, served successively as the censor of the Metropolitan Procuratorate and in the Ministry of Finance, and was later sent to Shaanxi to serve. In Shaanxi, his position is to participate in politics on the right, and to participate in politics on the left is our old friend Hong Chengchou. But why he was chosen for the job is really puzzling. In terms of qualifications, he is similar to Hong Chengchou, and his progress is also slower. In the fourth year of Chongzhen, Hong Chengchou was already the governor of the three sides. It was not until a year later that he became the governor of Yansui and worked for Hong Chengchou. In terms of record, he is incomparable with Cao Wenzhao. In any case, it shouldn't be him, but in any case, it must be him. Therefore, many people had objections to this appointment, believing that Chen Qiyu had a background and went through the back door. But in fact, Chen Qiyu is not someone to wait for. In the fifth year of Chongzhen, because the civilian army entered Shanxi, the main force went to Shanxi, and Shaanxi was basically left alone, with very few troops. Although the military strength is small, there are many civil uprisings. According to statistics, there are at least 30,000 civilian troops in Shaanxi. Most of these 30,000 people are in Chen Qiyu's defense zone, while his men only have more than 2,000 people. A year later, more than 30,000 people were gone—all of them. Because Chen Qiyu is a fierce man similar to a fierce man. As a civil servant who can't even carry a big knife, Comrade Chen Qiyu has a unique ability - overall planning. He is a typical staff officer, good at planning and organizing, while the civilian army at that time could only run around, basically unorganized, organized and unorganized, one hit one accurate. With outstanding work achievements, Chen Qiyu won the appreciation of Chongzhen, from working for Governor Hong, to working for Governor Hong. For the promotion of the leader, Chen Qiyu was very touched and worked hard, ready to clean up the mess. This is a mess involving five provinces and hundreds of thousands of people. Basically, it is already a mess that cannot be cleaned up. After Chen Qiyu took office, the first order was to hold a meeting. The governors and chief soldiers of all provinces, anyway, those with the word general in their titles, were all called. Then there is the assignment of tasks, where do you go, who to fight, where does he go, who to fight, what to do, what to do, what to do not to fight, what to do, explain everything clearly, and when it’s over, the meeting ends. After the meeting is over, the fight will begin. In February of the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), Chen Qiyu took office, worked for four months, and fought 23 battles. All win. Chen Qiyu told us with his unparalleled organizational and planning skills that the so-called victory can be calculated. The most surprising thing about Governor Chen is not how many victories he has won, but the purpose of his victories. How many battles are fought and how many people are killed are not the ultimate goal. The ultimate goal is to fight another battle and kill everyone. To achieve this goal, he must drive all the leaders and the militia to one place, and there, send them all to the underworld. The place he chose was called Chexiang Gorge. Chexiang Gorge is located in the south of Shaanxi and is dozens of miles long. It is said that it was originally used as a plank road, and the terrain is extremely dangerous. The so-called danger is not easy to defend and difficult to attack, but easy to attack and difficult to defend. This place is surrounded by mountains, and the passage is extremely narrow. It is said that standing on the cliffs on both sides, throwing stones down is accurate. What's more terrible is that the structure of the carriage gorge is relatively simple. There is only one entrance and one exit, and there are no other paths. It takes several days to walk from the exit to the entrance.That means, if you get inside, you either turn back or go all the way to the black, with no intermission. Tens of thousands of militiamen entered this road. These tens of thousands of militiamen are the main force of the militia, and it is said that Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong are among them. There is no explanation as to why I took this path. Anyway, after entering, I will suffer a lot. Chen Qiyu's troops blocked the back road, and they were still standing on the cliffs on both sides, shooting arrows, throwing stones, and playing with fire when they had nothing to do. After playing for more than ten days, they were completely disabled. If you want to run, you can't run away, if you want to fight, you can't fight, the leaders have nothing to do, the entire army is wiped out, and they really can't stand it anymore. It's time to use your trump card. As I said, their trump card is surrender, to be precise, false surrender. It makes sense and is very realistic, but here, two words should be added: No conditions, who asked you to surrender? Therefore, before surrendering, money must be given, just like the one given to Wang Pu last time. So the leaders pooled some money and gave it to Chen Qiyu. However, Chen Qiyu didn't accept it. Chongzhen was right. Comrade Chen Qiyu was indeed reliable, and he did not take money. Trouble, no money, how can we surrender with peace of mind, no, is it a false surrender? But the facts proved that the IQs of the leaders are very high, and then they came up with a trick that has been tried and tested since ancient times - buying left and right. Chen Qiyu was very enlightened, but he couldn't bear the low awareness of his subordinates. After collecting the money, he began to persuade them vigorously, saying that the enemy was willing to surrender, so why not let them surrender? Chen Qiyu did not agree. Chen Qiyu was not Wang Pu. In fact, he knew the leaders quite well. When he was governor of Yansui, they were old friends. He knew their cunning and cunning, so he didn't trust them much. I have said before that Chen Qiyu is a fierce man who is close to a fierce man. The so-called fierce people who are similar to fierce people are not fierce people. Compared with real fierce men, he has a fatal weakness. After Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo, someone once said that the reason why he lost was because of the lack of one person - Berthier. Berthier was Napoleon's chief of staff. He was originally a surveyor. He was very good at planning and had strong staff skills. As long as he was there, he basically won all the battles. At that time, he was not in Waterloo. But at the end, someone added: If only he (Berthier) was there, he would basically lose in any war. Chen Qiyu's weakness is his staff. Like Berthier, Governor Chen is a typical staff officer. He is very good at giving advice, and he is very good at giving advice. In the army, there can be no staff, but there cannot be no commander, because on the battlefield, the most critical quality is not the staff, but the decision. Comrade Chen Qiyu can only advise, not make decisions. Facing the persuasion of his subordinates and the temptation of victory, he compromised. Chen Qiyu accepted the surrender, and under his arrangement, nearly 50,000 militiamen walked out of the carriage gorge. In fact, Chen Qiyu was also in a dilemma. He wanted them to surrender, but he couldn't let them pretend to surrender. He had to find someone to watch, but if there were too many people, it would arouse the other party's doubts.In order to get the best of both worlds, he used his brains and came up with a wonderful method: for every hundred troops who surrendered, find someone to watch and supervise the action. Note that one person guards a hundred people. When he came up with this method, it can only be said that his head was broken. Different from the last time, this time Zhang Xianzhong did not procrastinate, and was very efficient in his work. He walked out of the carriage gorge and arrived in the open area, without even taking the comfort money, instead. I sympathize with those who guard a hundred men. At this point, even if it was completely nonsense, Chongzhen was extremely angry, the court was extremely shocked, Chen Qiyu was extremely guilty, and finally dismissed from office. What happened?That's impossible. Leaders from all walks of life rejuvenated and fought everywhere. Henan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, and Shanxi were full of wars. It is estimated that after the test, plus the excitement of a second life, the fighting power of the militia is getting stronger and stronger. They were originally chased and ran, but now everyone who can fight dares to chase the officers and soldiers.For example, He Renlong, a famous Shanxi warrior, originally went to beat Li Zicheng, but he was beaten to death by Li Zicheng, and he was surrounded for more than forty days. Pi, almost didn't make it through. By the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), the Central Plains and the Northwest were basically in chaos. If this continues, the Ming Dynasty can close the gate without waiting for the Qing soldiers to enter the pass. Fortunately, Comrade Chongzhen's mind turned quickly, and he immediately dispatched his trump card-Hong Chengchou. At that time, only Hong Chengchou was able to do this job. This person was a complete pragmatist, ruthless and dark-hearted. Regarding the current situation, his guiding ideology was only one word - kill. Kill them all, and you'll be fine. After taking office as the governor of the five provinces, he began to organize the siege, which was very effective. In just a few months, the main force of the militia was driven to Henan by him, and the civil uprisings in various places subsided. The next procedure should be similar. The civilian army was forced to a certain place, surrounded, and then forced to surrender. The so-called thing is no more than three, and it is enough to play two court games, and it is impossible to play a third game. Hong Chengchou has sharpened his sword and waited for the leaders to surrender. This time, he will not let history repeat itself. Yes, history does not repeat itself. The militia army that was forced into Henan this time was of an unprecedented scale. There were hundreds of leaders, big and small, including Zhang Xianzhong, Li Zicheng, Gao Yingxiang, Luo Rucai, Liu Guoneng and other big names.The total number of militiamen reached a record high of 300,000. In order to wipe out this group of people, Chongzhen also spent a lot of money. He mobilized nearly 100,000 troops, including Zuo Liangyu's Changping soldiers, Cao Wenzhao's Guanning cavalry, and Hong Chengchou's Hong soldiers. All here. But in any dynasty, at the last moment, the combat effectiveness is quite poor, but the Ming Dynasty seems to be an exception.A few decades ago, tens of thousands of people were able to beat hundreds of thousands of Japanese soldiers to pieces. Decades later, although it was close, it was still passable. As in the past, in the face of the pursuit of the government and the army, the civilian army retreated steadily. By the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), they were compressed to the vicinity of Luoyang, and they were about to fall into a tight siege. History was about to repeat itself. But it never happened again. Because at the most critical moment, they had a meeting. The meeting place was in Xingyang, Henan, so it was called "Xingyang Assembly" in history. This is an extremely critical meeting, a meeting that changed the fate of countless people. Attendees include all the famous leaders you've ever heard of, or you've never heard of, or never existed.According to the history books, it is "thirteen families" and "seventy-two battalions". Both the family and the battalion are quantitative units, but it is really hard to say how many people there are.Some companies, such as Gao Yingxiang, have 60,000 to 70,000 people, and some battalions, perhaps leather bag companies, have only a few people. It is difficult to say, but the total number will not be less than 250,000 people. Of course, there are many people attending the meeting, thirteen plus seventy-two, even if there are only a few representatives from each household, there are nearly a hundred people. In short, it was an unprecedented convention, a crowded one. According to the minutes of the meeting left by historical materials, the meeting started like this, and Cao Ru spoke first, describing the current situation. Don't talk about the situation. Although the leaders are all low-educated, they still understand things better. The enemy is about to attack, so what's the point? Someone immediately interjected and made an opinion, one word - escape. This person believes that the enemy is coming very fiercely, it is best to run fast, run early, and run to the mountains to save his life. Most of the people present agreed with this opinion. Then, one person shouted loudly: "Cowardly people!" The person who spoke was Zhang Xianzhong. Zhang Xianzhong, a native of Yan'an Prefecture, Shaanxi, was born in the thirty-fourth year of Wanli. In history, Zhang Xianzhong was a controversial person. Not many people praised him, but many people scolded him. Reflected in his resume, it is very obvious. But for such a great person, after making great achievements, there will always be someone to sort out the materials of his youth, but Mr. Zhang Xianzhong is quite special. There seem to be too many materials of his youth. In terms of composition, some people say that his family has been farming for generations; some people say that his family is in business; Been a catcher. In view of the fact that there are many theories and legends, I will not say more, but briefly, the final result of these theories: The farmer said: Farming failed, the harvest was bad, and I went to join the army. In business, he said: If you fail in business, you will lose money, and you will join the army. The aristocratic family said: The aristocratic family is ruined, has no money, and went to join the army. Reading said: "I didn't score in my studies, I fell out of the ranks, and I went to serve as a soldier." The worker said: I have no future, I am angry, and I am going to join the army. There are too many historical materials and too many sayings, but all historical materials say that he was an unsuccessful person. Whether it is farming, studying, doing business, family, or part-time job, even if you assume that you have done all of them, what is certain is that you have not done well. No one knows why he didn't do a good job. It's probably because of bad luck that he had to join the army in the end. At that time, joining the army was not an excellent profession, and generals had no status, let alone a poor soldier. Being a soldier is nothing more than getting paid.However, when he was a soldier, he was basically not paid, and his wages were often delayed for several months. Life was relatively difficult. But the strange thing is that Zhang Xianzhong is not too difficult.According to historical records, his childhood was relatively prosperous, with food and drink, which was quite nourishing, and the family still had a lot of savings. This is a strange phenomenon, and the only explanation is that he has unplanned income. What's even more strange is that he is often blackmailed by people, especially neighbors, who often come to his house to borrow money, and if they don't pay back the loan, he is very angry. This is an even more strange scene. As a person with a weapon in his hand, he was still blackmailed. It can only show that these unplanned incomes are all legal extraneous incomes. It is said that in addition to being a soldier, Mr. Zhang Xianzhong also did some odd jobs and casual jobs, including robbers and robberies. This kind of part-time job behavior should be more dangerous. I often walk by the river, after all, I have to wet my shoes.Comrade Zhang Xianzhong was finally exposed, he was imprisoned, and after trial, he may have done too many part-time jobs and was sentenced to death. At a critical moment, a general soldier met him by chance and thought he was a talent, so he begged for mercy and let him go. It should be said that the commander-in-chief's feeling is quite accurate. Zhang Xianzhong is indeed a talent, a rebel talent. It is said that in the army, Mr. Zhang Xianzhong often made some comments and said a few famous quotes, such as "a bird can know the ambition of a great swan", "a prince and general, it is better to have a seed" and so on. And he finally embarked on the road of rebellion in the third year of Chongzhen (1630). At that time, Wang Jiayin rebelled and passed by his hometown. Zhang Xianzhong brought a group of people and joined the team. The process of Zhang Xianzhong's uprising was relatively peaceful. No one forced him to build the Great Wall, and he didn't seem to be left behind. As for the death of his parents and no way out, it had nothing to do with him, and before that, he was still eating the emperor's food , I really can't complain. Therefore, the motive of this man's rebellion is more doubtful. After joining the uprising army, Zhang Xianzhong's performance was not bad, he ran around with Wang Jiayin, fought bravely, fought for a year, and surrendered. Because Yang He came and gave a lot of money, surrender was a trend, and Zhang Xianzhong followed the trend of the times and surrendered too. Of course, after spending the money, he went with the trend and went against it. Afterwards, as long as it is a major event, he basically has a share.The Thirty-sixth Battalion held a meeting, invaded Shanxi, invaded Henan, was surrounded by people, feigned surrender to Wang Pu, was surrounded again, feigned surrender to Chen Qiyu, he did everything that could be counted. But in this group of leaders, he is still a small person, always hanging around with others until this meeting. He refuted the idea that many people wanted to escape. He was very kind, but he had nothing but kindness.Because the enemy is right in front of you, if you say you can't escape, you have to think of a way.However, Zhang Xianzhong did not make any mistakes. Then another man spoke, a man of the same type: "One man is still fighting, but there are hundreds of thousands of people! The officers and soldiers are helpless!" Li Zicheng said so. Li Zicheng, a native of Mizhi, Shaanxi, was born in the thirty-fourth year of Wanli. Coincidentally, Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong were born in the same year. Moreover, the life experiences of these two people are relatively unclear, but Li Zicheng is relatively simple. According to historical data, his family has raised horses for generations.In the Ming Dynasty, raising horses was a regular occupation, and one could earn some money, at least to eat a living, and the standard of living was generally well-off. So Li Zicheng has been educated. He entered a private school since he was a child, but it is said that his grades are not good, and he is not valued by the teachers. He thinks that this child is not promising. until one day. On this day, the teacher invited everyone to eat and eat crabs. Of course, the teacher's meal is not so easy to eat. Before eating crabs, let everyone write a poem based on crabs before eating. Li Zicheng thought about it and wrote it out. The teacher read everyone's poems, looked at one, commented on one, saw the poems he wrote, and didn't say a word. Because in this poem, there is such a sentence: a suit of armor can run amok. Who is this teacher? I really can't find anywhere, but what is certain is that he is a relatively powerful person, because after a short hesitation, he made an accurate prediction: You will become a great weapon in the future, but you will always be a traitor and a traitor, and you will not end well! But Li Zicheng's road to becoming a master did not seem to be going smoothly. Not long after eating, he dropped out of school because his father passed away. Without an economic foundation, there would be no superstructure. Li Zicheng decided to lay the foundation first, but the problem is that his family is not a farmer and has no land. Farming is probably nonsense, so his only choice is to work for others. This period of time should be a period of depression for Li Zicheng.Because he was young, his father died again, and he was often bullied. Some landlords asked him to do the work without paying him. In desperation, he entrusted a relationship and went to work at the post station. Li Zicheng's job is postman. As I said, a post station is roughly equivalent to a guest house, and postmen are the waiters of the guest house. However, Li Zicheng's daily service is not people, but horses. Because of raising horses for generations, Li Zicheng has a lot of experience in horses. Later, he got used to fighting with cavalry, and he was able to draw with Wu Sangui's Guanning Iron Cavalry in Shanhaiguan. It is probably thanks to this gift. Li Zicheng did a good job at the post station. Compared with Zhang Xianzhong, he is a more responsible person and just wants to make a living. In the second year of Chongzhen, his job was gone. As I have said many times, it was Comrade Liu Mao's suggestion that they were all laid off. Liu Mao thought that there were too many mistakes in the post station, which was a waste of court resources, and Li Zicheng thought, fuck your mother. You have something to eat anyway, and you have nothing to do, so come smash my job. But Li Zicheng didn't have the courage to rise up, so he returned home, hoping to make a living by working part-time. I have also said many times, from the first year of Chongzhen to the sixth year of Chongzhen, there was a famine in the northwest. He has caught up with them. During the famine period, the harvest was not good, no one was farming, and naturally there was no way out for short-term laborers.At this time, Li Zicheng heard that a person was recruiting people nearby, and those who went would have food. He took a few people there, and sure enough there was food to eat. The recruiter is called Wang Zuogui. What does Wang Zuogui do? As I said before, as the leader of the rebel army who is as famous as Wang Jiayin, he is more powerful. At that time, Wang Zuogui's subordinates consisted of several thousand people and were divided into eight teams. He felt that Li Zicheng was a promising person, so he made him the captain of the eight teams. This is Li Zicheng's first position and the smallest position, and his nickname was born from this - Eighth Team Breakthrough. A year later, Wang Zuogui made a decision that he wanted to attack Hancheng. The reason why he wanted to attack here was after careful consideration, because the defensive force in Hancheng was very small, and the governor Yang He at that time didn't have many troops to reinforce, so attacking here was foolproof. The judgment is correct, as said before, Yang He does not have soldiers, but he has a man named Hong Chengchou. As a result of this battle, Hong Chengchou became famous in one fell swoop, Wang Zuogui was finished in one fell swoop, and later surrendered, and later, he was killed and surrendered. Wang Zuogui died, and many of his subordinates surrendered, but Li Zicheng did not. He took his own people and went to Buzhanni again. Buzhanni is a nickname, but his real name is Zhang Cunmeng (some say Zhang Cunmeng).But whether Meng is good or fierce, this person is really a relatively insignificant character. After a year, he also surrendered. However, Li Zicheng did not surrender, he went to vote for another person.This time, his vision was very accurate, because his new boss was Chuang Wang Gao Yingxiang. This is an extremely interesting thing. Wang Zuogui surrendered, but Li Zicheng did not surrender, and Buzhanni surrendered, and he did not surrender either. Although Li Zicheng had also surrendered before, such as being surrounded by Wang Pu and Chen Qiyu, etc., generally speaking, he did not surrender much. This shows that Li Zicheng is not a ruffian, he has backbone. In comparison, Zhang Xianzhong's performance is really not good. He surrendered too many times, and the timing of his surrender was too coincidental. Every time he couldn't beat him, or he surrendered when he saw that he couldn't beat him. Soldier feeling. According to historical records, Zhang Xianzhong's appearance is relatively burly, he is tall, with a yellow complexion (hence the nickname Huang Hu), and looks very majestic. But Li Zi's achievements are much worse. He is not tall, and he looks rather apologetic. It is said that he is not very eye-catching (later his wife ran away, which may be related to this), but he is very loyal and principled, and he is never greedy. Cheap. History tells us that even if a ruffian spends his whole life, he is still a ruffian, slippery, and can only fool himself in the end.He is handsome, but he can't be eaten as a meal. The only key to becoming a master is to be able to suffer losses. To lose is to take advantage. I didn't believe it at first, but later I believed it, which is quite reliable. Li Zicheng can suffer a lot, so in meetings, others don't talk about it, he says it. The captain of the eighth team, a humble subordinate, a lonely man looking for a way out, this is the beginning of his legend. He said that a person who dares to work hard can survive, not to mention we have more than 100,000 people, so don't be afraid! Everyone was very excited. They realized that Li Zicheng was right, and for this reason, they had to fight. But the problem is that they have been surrounded heavily, staying in Henan is a dead end, going to Shaanxi, or a dead end, going to Shanxi, still a dead end, where is there a way? Yes, there is one more. With his excellent strategic vision and fearless courage, Li Zicheng pointed out the only way. He said, we are going to attack the capital of Ming Dynasty, it is easy to fight there. He's not kidding. Of course, this so-called capital is not Beijing. In fact, there were three capitals in the Ming Dynasty. Beijing is the northern capital, Nanjing is the southern capital, and there is a central capital, Fengyang. Fighting Beijing, it is estimated that someone will do it on the way, and it is useless to fight Nanjing, but it is sure to fight Fengyang. Fengyang is located in Nanzhili (now Anhui). The reason why this place is regarded as the capital is because it is the hometown of Zhu Yuanzhang.In fact, the only thing related to the royal family here is the prison (clan prison, dedicated to the royal relatives), other than that, there is really nothing to say, not poor, not very poor, but very, very poor. But even though Fengyang is poor, he likes to put on a show. After all, Lao Zhu’s family’s grave is here, and he likes to hold a lantern parade during the festivals. Anyway, he keeps the door closed to have fun, and there are not many guards. Such a place is really not for nothing. Moreover, attacking here can attract the attention of the imperial court and expand the influence of the rebel army. That's what I said, but after all, Hong Chengchou has surrounded him. If someone wants to fight Fengyang, someone has to block Hong Chengchou. With so many leaders, no one wants to suffer. So the meeting was very long, with discussions and discussions, and everyone wanted to fight Fengyang. In the end, they finally grew up in the hard struggle, understood the true meaning of politics, and came up with a plan that only a top politician can come up with. The trick - draw lots. Whoever is caught is the one, don't fight for anyone, don't grab anyone, be convinced by yourself, and everyone will be convinced. The result of the capture was that the soldiers were divided into three groups, one to Shanxi, the other to Huguang, and the other to Fengyang. But this result is a bit problematic, because I checked and found that Zhang Xianzhong, Gao Yingxiang, and Li Zicheng happened to be caught going to Fengyang. I have nothing to say. Whenever there is no other way, we draw lots, but sometimes, there is no way to do it. I can't help it. The group of people who caught the lottery set off for Fengyang. After a few days, they will shock the world. In Hong Chengchou's eyes, the so-called civilian army is a group of idiots without brains, but a philosopher told us that those who always treat others as idiots are themselves idiots. Coincidentally, it was the Lantern Festival when the militiamen arrived in Fengyang. According to the usual practice, there will be lanterns in Fengyang City on this day, and many people flock out to watch the fun, and the defense is very lax. Just like that, under the cover of night, without even opening the gate, tens of thousands of people swaggered into Fengyang City. Wait a minute, there seems to be something missing - the door is not open, how can I go in? Answer: Go in. Because Fengyang has no city walls at all. The reason why there is no city wall in Fengyang is because building the city wall will destroy the feng shui of Fengyang Imperial Mausoleum. In this way, without even climbing the wall, they successfully entered Fengyang and entered Lao Zhu's Longxing land. What happened next was relatively logical. According to historical records, it was Zhang Xianzhong who led the army into Fengyang. If it was Li Zicheng, he might be relatively civilized, but Mr. Zhang Xianzhong is hard to count on. What happened after that, let me briefly introduce, the thousands of people guarding Fengyang were wiped out, and more than tens of thousands of private houses, together with the various government units, were all destroyed. In addition to these, many protected units were also burned to the ground, the most important of which was the ancestral grave of Comrade Zhu Yuanzhang. Look, it's not Zhu Yuanzhang's tomb (still in Nanjing), but the tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestors. Although Comrade Zhu Wuyi (hope I can still remember the name) also came from a poor background, Zhang Xianzhong obviously lacked sympathy. Not only did he burn his grave, but Comrade Zhu Yuanzhang’s former residence (Huangjue Temple) was also burned. In addition, Zhang Xianzhong is also very brand conscious. On Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestral grave, he planted a banner with six big characters: "Gu Yuan Zhenlong Emperor". In this way, Zhang Xianzhong spent three days at Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestral grave, eating and drinking, and then left. It's a big deal. From ancient times to the present, there is always such a sentence in the curse words: dig your ancestors' graves. But generally speaking, if you don't want to risk your life, there are not many people who really dig people's ancestral graves. As for the emperor's ancestral tomb, it is a bit more particular. It is called the dragon's vein in popular terms. Once it is dug up, not only the dead will suffer, but the living will also suffer. It is a key protection object. In the past dynasties in China, except for the previous dynasties who were cut off from their children and grandchildren, the successors did not dig up their ancestors' graves very much. After all, it was too wicked. It is not uncommon for people to dig up their ancestral graves, such as Sun Dianying in the Republic of China. Of course, he did it personally, trying to make a fortune, and the Qing Dynasty also died at that time. It seems hard to say whether the dragon veins are still there. The Ming dynasty was the only one where the ancestral graves were dug up while the dynasty was still alive. So when Chongzhen heard the news, he almost fainted. With Chongzhen's temper, anyone who offends him will end badly.崇祯二年，皇太极打到北京城下，还没怎么着，他就把兵部尚书给砍了，现在祖坟都被人刨了，那还了得。 但醒过来之后，他却做出了一个让人意外的决定——做检讨。 请注意，不是让人做检讨，而是自己做检讨。 皇帝也是人，是人就会犯错误，如皇帝犯错误，实在没法交代，就得做检讨。这篇检讨，在历史上的专用名词，叫做“罪己诏”。 崇祯八年（1635）十月二十八日，崇祯下罪己诏，公开表示，皇陵被烧，是他的责任，民变四起，是他的责任，用人不当，也是他的责任，总而言之，全部都是他的责任。 这是一个相当奇异的举动，因为崇祯同志是受害者，张献忠并非他请来的，受害者写检讨，似乎让人难以理解。 其实不难理解，几句话就明白了。 根据惯例，但凡出了事，总要有人负责，县里出事，知县负责，府里出事，知府负责，省里出事，巡抚负责。 现在皇帝的祖坟出了事，谁负责？ 只有皇帝负责。 对崇祯而言，所谓龙脉，未必当真。要知道，当年朱元璋先生的父母死了，都没地方埋，是拿着木板到处走，才找到块地埋的，要说龙脉，只要朱元璋自己的坟没被人给掘了，就没有大问题。 但祖宗的祖宗的坟被掘了，毕竟影响太大，必须解决。 解决的方法，只能是自己做检讨。 事实证明，这是一个相当高明的方法。自从皇帝的祖坟被掘了后，上到洪承畴，下到小军官，人心惶惶，唯恐这事拿自己开刀，据说左良玉连遗书都写了，就等着拉去砍了，既然皇帝做了检讨，大家都放心了，可以干活了。 当然，皇帝背了大锅，小锅也要有人背，凤阳巡抚和巡按被干掉，此事到此为止。 崇祯如此大度，并非他脾气好，但凡是个人，刨了他的祖坟，都能跟你玩命，更何况是皇帝。 但没办法，毕竟手下就这些人，要把洪承畴、左良玉都干掉了，谁来干活？ 对于这一点，洪承畴、左良玉是很清楚的，为保证脑袋明天还在脖子上，他们开始全力追击起义军。 说追击，是比较勉强的，因为民军的数量，大致有三十万，而官军，总共才四万人。就算把一个人掰开两个用，也没法搞定。 好在，还有一个以一当十的人，曹文诏。