Chapter 23 Chapter 22 The Secret After the System

Zhu Yuanzhang was a man of system. He was great and diligent. Throughout his life, he not only formulated a complete law, but also successfully popularized the law. As we said before, Zhu Yuanzhang formulated the "Law of the Ming Dynasty" and stipulated five types of punishments, namely caning, rod, imprisonment, exile, and death.Translated into modern languages, it means beating people with small bamboo sticks, beating people with big wooden boards, fixed-term imprisonment, exile, and death penalty.Of course, according to Zhu Yuanzhang's personality, he will not be satisfied with these punishment methods. These five punishment methods are just punishment, and there are many other tricks, which have been introduced before, so I won't talk about them here.

In the legal education in the early Ming Dynasty, the most important thing was not the "Law of the Ming Dynasty", but a book called "Dagao". The so-called "Da Gao" is that Zhu Yuanzhang collected more than 10,000 criminal cases, compiled their criminal process and punishment methods into a book, and distributed it widely. According to the classification of jurisprudence, "Da Gao" adopts cases, which should belong to the case law. From this point of view, Zhu Yuanzhang still has a tendency to the Anglo-American law system.Zhu Yuanzhang correctly realized that it is impossible for ordinary people to memorize those provisions, and these cases are vivid and specific.Everyone has a name and surname, and the common people can read it as leisure reading after eating, just like today we like to read detective stories. More importantly, it also describes in detail the various tortures used on these prisoners, such as using iron Special performance arts such as scraping skin with a brush, pulling intestines, and peeling skin are enough to make people spit out what they just ate, and then swear that they will not break the law in this life.

It is really a pioneering work to write the criminal's crime and punishment method into the "Da Gao" and play a warning role. But the problem still exists, because people at that time were generally not well educated.Illiteracy accounts for the majority of the population. There is no Hope Project. Those who have gone to elementary school (private school) are already very good. You can often see it on TV. There is a notice posted at the gate of the city. One person reads it, and countless people listen to it. It is because the population is good, but because everyone is illiterate. This is in line with the objective fact. The quality of the people is low, and it is difficult to popularize even popular cases.

No matter how Zhu Yuanzhang can do it, he can't replace so many ordinary people to listen and read.This is really a difficult problem to solve.But a strange person is a strange person, and Zhu Yuanzhang solved the problem with an unimaginable method. The specific operation of his method is as follows: For example, Zhang San committed a crime and should be punished. The county magistrate has been convicted. One thing, that is to escort Zhang San to his own home, looking for something, what are you looking for? It is this "Da Gao", if you find it, then congratulations to Zhang San, if you were originally sentenced to exile, you don't have to go back to the cell and go to jail, if it is the crime of beheading, then you can save your life.

On the other hand, if Zhang San doesn’t have this book at home, it’s over. If Zhang San is convicted of exile, the guards will first congratulate him for saving a sum of transportation expenses, and then pull him out and snap off his head. In fact, from a jurisprudential point of view, having this book at home shows that one understands the law. According to the usual practice, knowing the law and breaking the law should be an aggravating circumstance.But at the time, this was the best method Zhu Yuanzhang could come up with. Zhu Yuanzhang succeeded in popularizing the code in this way. Although the specific effect may not be very good, he made an attempt after all.

During the Hongwu period, Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated many strange systems. If they were to be written out, it would take hundreds of thousands of characters. Here are just a few of them.Don't underestimate these systems, there are profound meanings hidden behind these systems. At that time, when a person died, he could not just say that he was dead. The identity of the person should be considered first. The specific regulations are as follows: The death of the emperor is called Beng, the death of princes and nobles is called Rue, the death of ministers is called Pawn, the death of soldiers is called Bulu, and the death of common people is called death.

This regulation has created a lot of trouble for people.For example, at the funeral of officials at that time, the mourning hall was set up and everyone worshiped.At that time, many people engaged in "slamming the door for mourning".The so-called "mourning at the door" means that the person worshiping is not familiar with the person who died, and some don't know each other at all.However, if you are an official in the same dynasty, the deceased is the most important, so you should go to worship no matter whether it is good or bad. The specific operation process is as follows:

Enter the mourning hall and see the location of the god. If you don’t know this person, you must first remember the name on the god, and then kneel down and cry: Brother XX (be sure to remember the name), why did you die? , brother, I'm a step late. If you say this, everyone will suspect that you are here to make trouble. You are worshiping officials. How can you use the words of ordinary people? The correct way is this, when you enter the mourning hall, first ask your family members: What was your master's previous job? The family member replied: My master was originally a doctor of the Military Selection Division of the Ministry of War.

At this time, I have a bottom line in my heart, this is a fifth-rank official, and I should use "pawn". Then please. Don't be too busy, I have to ask one more question: Does your master have a lineage title? The family member replied: My master takes the title of Earl. It's better to be careful, I almost used it wrong.Only then can I go to the altar, kneel down and cry loudly: Brother XX, why did you die, brother, I am a step late. You're done, I'm so tired. In fact, there were regulations on addressing in previous dynasties, but they were not seriously implemented. During the Hongwu period, if you violated these regulations, you would be in big trouble. In addition to addressing, the common people at that time were also divided into several categories.

People at that time can be roughly divided into three types according to occupation: civilian households, military households, and artisan households. Among them, civilian households include Confucian households and medical households, military households include school lieutenants, wrestlers, archers, shop soldiers, etc., and artisan households are subcommittee artisan households, kitchen servant households, tailor households, etc. The division of these households is very strict, mainly for the convenience of employing people. Military households are recruited to fight wars, and artisan households are summoned to repair projects.It seems that there is no problem, but it is actually very flawed.

For example, if you are a military household, your son must also be a military household. What if you don’t have a son? You can't count it all, in short, you must find someone to work as a military household, who can be kidnapped and tricked to the streets to pull whatever you want, where to find it is your own business. Another example is that you are a kitchen servant in a craftsman household, but you say you don’t know how to cook, it doesn’t matter, as long as the number of people is right, it’s fine. Anyway, I don’t eat the food you cook. I don't care if I have diarrhea. We can see that this kind of division is really unscientific. Not only can civilian households and military households be transferred between large households, but also different occupations within the same household cannot be transferred. If you haven't practiced drawing a bow, there's nothing you can do. Let everyone give a bow and draw it.The combat effectiveness of such an army cannot be guaranteed. Another example is calling for medical households. If all those recruited are those who do not understand medical skills, people will die. These are ordinary people, and officials are not easy. They have strict regulations on clothing, color matching, materials, and patterns. If they violate it, they will be beheaded. For example, the number of beams on the crown of court clothes, the first rank is seven beams, and the second rank is six beams, decreasing downwards, no more and no less. It is complicated, from the first rank to the ninth rank, from civil servants to military officials, the clothes have different colors, patterns, flower diameters, and patches on the clothes. It’s not easy after returning home. You can’t walk around in pajamas or other clothes. You have to wear regular clothes, which can’t be worn casually. There are also regulations for different grades, such as belts. Not the same. If you accidentally wear ordinary clothes to go to court, or wear official clothes to worship, wear the wrong belt, or wear yellow underwear, as long as someone finds out, it is a serious mistake and you may be killed. These systems seem dazzling, but there are connections between them. If we analyze these systems carefully, we will find that there is a certain purpose hidden behind these systems. In addition to these systems, Zhu Yuanzhang also set strict regulations for his subjects. He is the emperor, but he has assigned tasks to almost all administrative agencies in the country, such as administrative duties, judicial rulings, storage preparations, and population statistics. Even street cleaning is assigned to people one by one.Not only that, but he also explained in detail how to do the work, which is equivalent to the instruction manual that comes with buying electrical appliances today. I am afraid that it cannot be exhausted, such as what should be paid attention to when counting the population, how to conduct verification, common methods of concealing the population, etc. They are all listed.It is estimated that if it is more detailed, he will also stipulate how to use the broom when sweeping the street, and which foot should be taken first when going out.From this point of view, working under Zhu Yuanzhang is not tiring. I believe that as long as you are not an idiot and can understand the instructions issued by Zhu Yuanzhang, you can do a good job. In addition, he prohibited farmers from entering the city to work, stipulated that all ordinary people could only move within their own living area, and set up checkpoints on all traffic arteries. People must have a road guide issued by the government if they want to go out of the specified area.Be sure to put this thing away. If you lose it, the soldiers guarding the checkpoint will directly treat you as a fugitive and take you into the army. If you can’t go to your destination, you don’t have to go back home. It’s likely that after a few years, this The brother who lost his guide also stood at the checkpoint as an inspector. Speaking of this, everyone should be able to see that what Zhu Yuanzhang wants to establish is a social structure with clear hierarchy, strict order, and almost rigidity. In this structure, farmers can only farm land, businessmen can only do business, and officials work according to regulations. Do your job well, and no one can cross the line.The division of military households, civilian households, and artisan households determined that finding a job in that era was never a problem. There was no need to design a resume, wash your face, tie a tie and go to the interview.Because except for those who are good at reading, everyone's work is decided at the moment of reincarnation, what your father does, you do too. It should be said that this is a nearly perfect model. In this model, everyone performs their duties without interfering with each other. They are like countless parallel lines that never intersect, forming a powerful Ming Empire together.The strictness and thoughtfulness of these systems are exemplary even today. We have to admire Zhu Yuanzhang. Not only did he conquer the country, but he also exhausted his energy to formulate such perfect rules and regulations.His purpose is also very clear: I, Zhu Yuanzhang, have solved all the problems of the Ming Empire for you. There is also a system and a method.Future generations just do the same, it doesn't matter if I work harder, you just wait and enjoy the blessings. Too bad a model is always just a model. In this world, there has never been a perfect thing, any system has flaws, and any system has loopholes.Zhu Yuanzhang's system is no exception. Facts have proved that his system cannot stand the test of time, and there have been many accidents that Zhu Yuanzhang himself could not have dreamed of. Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister system and limited the power of ministers, but the cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was more authoritarian than any previous prime minister. Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated that ordinary people were not allowed to move around. However, in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, it was common for refugees to wander around without any restraint. Zhu Yuanzhang promulgated regulations to restrain commercial development, and stipulated that merchants were not allowed to wear expensive clothes such as silk and sand. However, large-scale industrial and commercial development began in the Ming Dynasty, and those merchants who should have been at the bottom of society wore gold and silver, and even Entering the hall and entering the house, doing business for the official. Zhu Yuanzhang strictly ordered the eunuchs not to interfere in politics, but all the eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty were heavyweights. (This is related to his abolition of the power of prime minister) Zhu Yuanzhang prepared titles and salaries for all his descendants. However, more than a hundred years later, many of his descendants fell into poverty and poverty. These systems that Zhu Yuanzhang thought could be used for thousands of years have disappeared in just a few hundred years.Even his successors no longer strictly abide by these regulations. They say that the Taizu's law will remain unchanged for thousands of years, but in fact they have their own ways.Occasionally, one or two dumb-headed people clamored to restore the ancestral system, but what they got in return was ridicule from everyone, even the emperor at that time didn't take it seriously. In fact, in order to ensure that his own system can be implemented, Zhu Yuanzhang formulated severe punishment measures for those who dared to change and violate it. etc.But the harshly worded rules never really worked.The eunuchs were still involved in politics as usual, and the cabinet was still exercising the power of the prime minister. If there was no way to go, they would take a detour. No one took Taizu Chengfa seriously. What made Zhu Yuanzhang even more unexpected was that the things he stipulated often developed in the opposite direction. As the saying goes, what he was afraid of would happen.There seems to be an invisible opponent in front of Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang wants to go east, but this opponent wants to go west.Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to eat, but this opponent gave him water. This opponent is not a void, we mentioned his name before - the rule of history. If we carefully analyze these systems formulated by Zhu Yuanzhang, we will find many problems.For example, he stipulated that businessmen were not allowed to wear good clothes and restricted the political status of businessmen. If they violated it, they would be punished with severe punishment. But does this rule really work? Peasants have the right to wear yarn, but they cannot afford it. Although merchants are lowly in status, they have money, and only when they have money can they afford those expensive things. Peasants have no money, so the so-called power becomes empty talk. You don't have to eat enough, how can you talk about what clothes to wear?Isn't this making fun of the poor? (though he didn't mean to) There are many similar flaws in the system. These systems themselves have no major problems, but unfortunately they do not necessarily adapt to changes in the situation.Because the income of the imperial court continues to increase and the economy continues to develop, on this basis, people's lifestyles and behaviors will also change, and the system that sticks to the rules will eventually be eliminated by history. This set of policies formulated by Zhu Yuanzhang was adapted to the situation in the early Ming Dynasty. Facts have proved that these systems have promoted the development and recovery of production.But although Zhu Yuanzhang is a capable man, he is not a superman, and he will not engage in tricks such as "human cannon" and "time stop". He cannot stop the process of history. After the "law" is handed down, these outdated things will become absurd and inapplicable in the eyes of future generations, and become a stumbling block. Zhu Yuanzhang had many powerful opponents in his life, such as the tenacious Zhang Shicheng, the fierce Chen Youliang, the entangled Bei Yuan, the cunning Hu Weiyong, and the arrogant Lan Yu.Until he met his last enemy - the rule of history. In the course of history, the god of destiny will select some people from all living beings and give them the opportunity to make contributions.If you are selected, it is really a lucky thing.But you also have to realize that this is a brutal game, and when the opportunity comes, you have to be better and stronger than everyone else if you want to really make a difference, because there is only one winner in the end. One night more than forty years ago, the God of Destiny came to Zhu Chongba's bedside and handed him a sword and a key. He told Zhu Chongba: Use the sword to overthrow the brutal Yuan Dynasty, and use the key Go open that new door, and you will build your own dynasty and get the glory you deserve! Zhu Chongba solemnly accepted these two gifts, and he did not disappoint the God of Destiny's expectations.In those long and difficult years, he used his genius military and political talents to defeat all competitors and win the final victory. He is no longer the impoverished Zhu Chongba, but the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang who holds great power!He thinks he has enough power to change the original rules and create his own system. But he was wrong, no matter how powerful he is, in the eyes of history, he is just a small pawn. He can influence a few people forever, and he can influence many people temporarily, but he cannot influence many people forever. There is no doubt that Zhu Yuanzhang was the most outstanding figure of that era. He had outstanding military and political talents and was full of energy. Is there anything he can't do? He believes that he can control everything and change everything. He has already won the favor of the God of Destiny by virtue of his talent, and has become the ruler of this vast land.But he was not satisfied, so he created a whole set of unique social systems and structures according to his own vision.He believed, as always, that he would prevail, that things would go as he had envisioned. But history rules that this opponent is different from the previous ones, he is invisible but ubiquitous.He did not provoke Zhu Yuanzhang, a fierce man, but kept pestering Zhu Yuanzhang's descendants, and Zhu Yuanzhang's system became riddled with time, and eventually lost control and restraint, and history stubbornly followed his own The logical way to go down. Facts have proved that in this struggle, Zhu Yuanzhang failed. What is the reason? The answer may seem unfathomable, but it is actually very simple: Because Zhu Yuanzhang is only the executor of history, he is not the creator of history. Even if there is no Zhu Yuanzhang, there will be Li Yuanzhang and Wang Yuanzhang to complete the mission of history, to overthrow the old dynasty and establish a new empire.History is a hospitable host, but it never allows guests to take its place.History has never been created by one person or a few people.The so-called time makes heroes, which is a well-known saying. So who is the maker of history?And who governs these historical rules? Those who really create and dominate history are the hard-working old farmers in the rice fields, the merchants who come and go on the official road, the officials who speak out at the court, and the students who study hard under the lonely lamp. Yes, it is these ordinary people who create and dominate history. Most of them are doomed to be unknown and unable to leave their names in history, but they are also great, and they continue to promote history with their hard work They are the true masters of history. From ancient times to the present, without exception. After deconstructing Zhu Yuanzhang's system, let us go back to the Hongwu era, and there are still some events that have a profound impact on future generations that must be described. Secret service politics is a characteristic of the Ming Dynasty, and its representative institution is Jinyiwei. The name Jinyiwei is just a historical concept for us, but people in the Ming Dynasty turned pale when they mentioned this name.This is a peculiar institution. It was originally just an army, one of the twenty-six guards of the emperor's pro-army.These troops were commanded by the Emperor himself and each had its own duties. Ordinarily, the pro-military should be by the emperor's side all day, which is a good job, but don't think that being a pro-military will lead to great success. For example, the guard of Xiaoling among the twenty-six guards of the pro-military guards the grave.You can only deal with the mausoleum all day long. If you are unfortunate enough to be selected as Xiaoling Guard, you may never see the living emperor for the rest of your life. In comparison, Jinyiwei is much more powerful. It is the emperor's guard and is responsible for guarding when traveling. In addition, it is also a guard of honor and is in charge of etiquette when going to court.All Jinyiwei members are neatly dressed, wearing flying fish suits and embroidered spring knives.It is precisely because Jin Yiwei bears such important responsibilities, and they are all people close to the emperor, they gradually become the eyes and ears of the emperor, responsible for inquiring about intelligence and punishing ministers. The frightening thing about this organization is that they are not under the jurisdiction of any department, but only obey the emperor's command. Two people, fourteen people from thousands of households, these are the senior leaders of Jinyiwei. Those who joined Jinyiwei in the early Ming Dynasty had to go through strict examination and interviews. They had to be guaranteed to be good citizens, have no criminal record, and had to go through careful selection and various trainings. Only those who successfully passed these tests could become Jinyiwei. The main duty of Jinyiwei is to detect the actions of the ministers and report to the emperor at any time. They are also in charge of the "court staff" and are responsible for punishing ministers who violate the emperor's will. In the eyes of the ministers, they are a group of extremely terrifying people.During the Hongwu period, if a royal guard came to the minister's house, he would pack up his clothes, bid farewell to his family, and then never return. In addition, Jin Yiwei was also responsible for collecting military intelligence and instigating against senior enemy officers. For example, in the later Wanli Korean War, Jin Yiwei was quite active, collecting a large amount of Japanese military intelligence, and contributing to the victory of the war. Another scary thing about Jinyiwei is that they are not under the jurisdiction of judicial organs, and they can arrest prisoners by themselves, try and sentence them.Before arresting the prisoner, the commander of Jinyiwei will issue the so-called "driving post". You may have seen this thing in the "New Dragon Inn". It should be noted that the "driving post" is not an identity card, but an arrest warrant. . Jin Yiwei holds this object to arrest criminals and will not be stopped by anyone. If there is any resistance, they can be killed.Because Jin Yiwei possesses power that surpasses almost everything, both the Ministry of Punishment and Dali Temple avoid Jin Yiwei when they see him. Jinyiwei also has its own prison, called "Zhao Prison". This prison is so famous that it even surpasses the Heavenly Prison of the Ministry of Criminal Justice, because those who can be locked in this prison are by no means ordinary people, and they are often either loyal, kind or treacherous. big evil. Facts have proved that the work efficiency of these people is indeed very high. In the case of Hu Weiyong and Lan Yu, Jin Yiwei went out day and night and scouted around. Executed one by one.These two cases also greatly enhanced the reputation of Jin Yiwei. There is no doubt that this is a group of terrible people. They hold a lot of power and are not under the jurisdiction of anyone except the emperor. They are an important ruling tool of the emperor. However, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of this institution, deeply realized the dangers of spy politics. He knew that if left unchecked, the binding and authority of national laws would disappear, so in the twenty-sixth year of Hongwu (1393), he Order to revoke Jinyiwei, and order that all judicial actions must be carried out by judicial organs. (The inner and outer prisons are not allowed to go to Jinyiwei, the big and small salty scriptures and legal divisions) In order to show his determination to abolish Jinyiwei, Zhu Yuanzhang also burned Jinyiwei's instruments of torture in public to show his intention of never reopening. However, once a lot of things start, it is difficult to finish. Jinyiwei, a unique institution, will play an important role in the later history of the Ming Dynasty, and we will often deal with it in the future, so let’s put it down now. Just when Zhu Yuanzhang was gradually solving domestic problems, an unexpected event happened on the northeastern border of the Ming Empire, which would have a profound impact on the subsequent development of the Ming Dynasty. The place where the incident happened was the Kingdom of Koryo. The Koryo Kingdom was established by Wang Jian in the tenth century AD. This dynasty replaced the previous Silla Kingdom and has continued. However, the relationship between the Koryo Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty is not good. There are historical reasons for this. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, troops were sent to attack Goryeo, but Goryeo was eventually defeated and forced to submit to Mongolian Yuan.However, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, according to their consistent policies, merged Koryo, which was originally subordinate, into the Eastern Expedition Province of the Yuan Dynasty.The Yuan Dynasty also abolished the King of Goryeo at will. The purpose was to firmly control Goryeo through the intermarriage of the royal family. King Goryeo. From this point of view, the trick of getting married will always be useful. If the two sides fight one day, just pull out the seven aunts and eight aunts, read the family tree, and find out that you are the neighbor of my sister's son's cousin, etc. Wait, you can make the other party dumbfounded, and withdraw your troops and go home. The goal of the Yuan Dynasty was achieved. After long-term blind dates and blood relationship distribution, the three generations of Koryo kings all had the royal blood of the Yuan Dynasty.Of course, if you want to figure out which generation you belong to, and how to call each other, you still have to look through the family tree. Because of the blood relationship between the royal family of Koryo and the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty, after Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty and the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty were driven out of the Central Plains, Goryeo remained attached to the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang understood the importance of a stable border very well. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, he sent envoys to Koryo to announce the country's name and era, with the intention of establishing a suzerain-vassal relationship with Koryo. In the face of interests, kinship is not necessarily useful, and the development of things has proved this again. Seeing the retreat of the Yuan Dynasty, King Zhuan of the Koryo Dynasty severed his ties with the Yuan Dynasty and was enshrined by the Ming Dynasty, taking the opportunity to get rid of the slavery of the Yuan Dynasty.However, things are always full of twists and turns. There are still many people in the Goryeo Dynasty who are relatives of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty. They are naturally unwilling to be controlled by the Ming Dynasty.So the pro-Yuan and pro-Ming forces launched a struggle that lasted for more than ten years. Xinyu, the ten-year-old adopted son of Queen Zhuan, succeeded to the throne.The king was inclined to the Northern Yuan Dynasty, but in order not to offend the Ming Dynasty, he also sent envoys to ask for a posthumous title for his father (the posthumous title of the king of Koryo is confirmed by the Ming Dynasty as a rule).Things went well at first, and the Ming Dynasty sent envoys Lin Mi and Cai Bin to Goryeo. However, the two were robbed on the way back from Goryeo. Not only their belongings were robbed, but people were also killed. Ordinarily, this matter may not have been done by Goryeo, because doing these jobs on one's own territory is equivalent to writing down the name of the murderer at the scene of the murder. But is Zhu Yuanzhang easy to offend?The conspiracy actually got to him, how could he give up!Furious, he withdrew the posthumous title given to Wang Zhuan, expressing that he would never recognize Xin Yu's status as king.Goryeo was also full of bitterness and couldn't help it, so she had to turn to Beiyuan for a title, and won the title of King of Goryeo and Prime Minister Zuo of Zhengdong Province. At this point, the Ming Dynasty broke with the Koryo Kingdom, and both sides showed their weapons.Seeing that a big battle is about to start again, although the sword is not negotiable, the person with the sword is negotiable. The King of Koryo decided to act. In the 20th year of Hongwu (1387), Feng Sheng and Lan Yu led the army to defeat Nahachu, took control of Liaodong, and set up the Tieling Weidu Commander in Liaodong to control Tieling. This is a sensitive issue. area, because Tieling was the border between Yuan Dynasty and Koryo in Yuan Dynasty.Goryeo has always wanted to occupy this buffer zone, and the military actions of the Ming Dynasty undoubtedly disrupted the wishful thinking of the Goryeo Dynasty. After all, King Xinyu of Koryo lacked political experience, he actually went to Zhu Yuanzhang to ask for the territory of Tieling. Zhu Yuanzhang, who was unwilling to pay more wages, wanted land. As can be imagined, Zhu Yuanzhang sternly rejected the envoys. The King of Koryo was really full of blood. He ordered the mobilization of various armies to conquer Liaodong in the 21st year of Hongwu (1388). So how many people are there in this expeditionary force?According to the "Records of the Taizu of the Li Dynasty", there were only nearly 40,000 troops in this army.And their enemy, the Ming army stationed in Liaodong, just defeated Naha's 200,000-yuan army. With Beiyuan already defeated and retreating to the desert, how can the Goryeo expeditionary army compete with this experienced army? What about the Ming army confrontation on the battlefield? But Xin Yu didn't seem to think too much about it. It is estimated that he calculated the combat power according to the ratio of one to ten of the Koryo army. From this point of view, Xin Yu's understanding of the situation at that time was rather confused, but the generals he sent to fight were not. At least Li Chenggui was not confused. The commanders-in-chief of this army are Cao Minxiu and Li Chenggui, who are respectively the commanders of the left and right armies.Li Chenggui has always opposed the break with the Ming Dynasty, and he tried his best to dissuade him but failed.As a general, he was soberly aware that attacking Liaodong was to hit a stone with an egg, but under the pressure of his superiors, he still led the army to go out. After the army arrived in Tieling, Li Chenggui did not launch an attack, he had other plans. The general who commanded the army first did the work of Cao Minxiu, then gritted his teeth, stomped his feet, and rebelled! He led the army back to his hometown, deposed Xin Yu, and established his own dynasty, which is the famous Li Dynasty. In order to win the support of the Ming Dynasty, Li Chenggui sent envoys to proclaim his ministers to the Ming Dynasty. He submitted the letter of credence to Zhu Yuanzhang. The new man and the new atmosphere, Li Chenggui abolished the title of Goryeo, and this new dynasty needed a new name. This solemn mission fell on Zhu Yuanzhang. After careful consideration, he took the meaning of "a country with bright sun and sun" and determined a new name for this dynasty-North Korea. Since then, this name has become the unified name of the kingdom and continues to this day.Zhu Yuanzhang personally ordered: North Korea is a country that will never be conquered, and Ming and North Korea officially use the Yalu River as their border.However, North Korea respected Ming as the Celestial Dynasty and adopted the name of the next year. Since then, the successive kings of North Korea will send envoys to the Ming Dynasty after they succeed to the throne, and they will be confirmed by the emperor of the Ming Dynasty and bestowed with titles. Zhu Yuanzhang and Li Chenggui confirmed the harmonious and friendly relationship between the Ming Dynasty and North Korea, and also made a promise of mutual assistance.Later history proved that they all kept their promises. Li Chenggui's founding of the country and the establishment of the harmonious relationship between the Ming Dynasty and Korea had an impact on the development of the Ming Dynasty, and in a sense, it also has a causal relationship with today's cultural transmission.Where does this start from? Let me speak slowly: In 1506, more than a hundred years after Li Chenggui established the Lee Dynasty, Emperor Zhongzong of the Lee Dynasty succeeded to the throne. During his thirty-eight years as king, a medical officer made a career by his own efforts.More than four hundred years later, the deeds of this medical officer were made into a TV series, which became very popular for a while. This TV show is. From this point of view, Li Chenggui's decision to grit his teeth really had a far-reaching impact. North Korea became a vassal state of Ming Dynasty, and Bei Yuan was also beaten to death, hiding in the desert and eating sand all day long.The powerful Ming Dynasty finally pacified the borders of the empire. After hundreds of years since the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the regime in the Central Plains finally no longer feared the attacks of the nomads. A huge empire stood up again. It used its own strength to guarantee The subjects of this country can live and work in peace and contentment, and the economy and culture can continue to develop without interference. In today's view, we have to say that this is a remarkable achievement.