Chapter 8 (8) Misunderstandings

In the Three Kingdoms era when the princes separated each other, Cao Cao led troops to conquer the world many times and crusade against the Quartet.During this process, there was a man with great ingenuity, who gave Cao Cao a heavy blow when he was proud, and later gave Cao Cao critical help at a critical moment.This person is not Zhuge Liang, who has neither a feather fan, a scarf, nor a clever plan, so who is this person? "Yi Zhongtianpin Three Kingdoms: Misunderstandings" will be broadcast soon, so stay tuned! After Cao Cao welcomed Feng Tianzi and moved his capital to Xu County, he had the greatest political capital and human resources, so he raised the banner of Feng Tianzi with one hand, and pulled out the knife to conquer the world with the other, trying to order the princes to calm the world and act together.Of course, this is not easy, nor can it be very smooth.In this arduous struggle, Cao Cao was almost wiped out several times and died unexpectedly.So what made him able to turn danger into safety and turn defeat into victory?And who came to him like a ghost and gave him crucial help?Professor Yi Zhongtian of Xiamen University will give us a wonderful taste of the Three Kingdoms--the ghosts and gods.

In the previous lectures, we talked about the first year of Jian'an, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, that is, 196 AD, which was a very critical year for Cao Cao. It is Tuntian.The first thing gave him a political advantage, and the second gave him an economic bumper harvest.He now has a banner that seemed righteous at the time, and he has plenty of food and grass, which he can use to realize his political ideals.So is he doing well? Things started off surprisingly well.In the second year of Jian'an, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, that is, the first month of 197 A.D., Cao Cao marched south to Zhangxiu.Because Zhang Xiu was considered relatively weak under the circumstances at the time, he picked the weak ones and took Zhang Xiu first.what's the result?When Cao Cao's army reached Wancheng, Zhang Xiu raised his hand and surrendered.This was an unexpected victory. Just after Cao Cao served the emperor to order him not to be a minister, or to force the emperor to order the princes, he took down Wancheng and conquered Zhangxiu without bloodshed.He did two things that he shouldn't have done. The first thing was to rape Zhang Xiu's aunt, that is, Zhang Xiu's aunt was probably very beautiful.Cao Cao is a man who likes beautiful women. Everywhere he goes, he will hug grass and beat rabbits. In addition to occupying the city or winning political victories, he will also take a few women back.At a glance, Zhang Xiu's aunt is so beautiful, haha, she accepted it, which made Zhang Xiu feel very humiliated and humiliated.Another thing is that he got close with Hu Cheer, Zhang Xiu's personal bodyguard. Cao Cao also likes talents besides beauties. Seeing that Hu Cheer is a talent, he gives money and gifts and treats guests and eats. What do you mean by making Zhang Xiu feel nervous?Are you going to murder me?So Zhang Xiu suddenly rebelled. This rebellion happened when Cao Cao was caught off guard.Cao Cao's eldest son Cao Ang, who was Cao Cao's favorite successor, died. Cao Cao's closest love, Dian Wei, was sacrificed. He also got a nephew named Cao Anmin, and Cao Cao himself almost lost his head.

So this person is proud, don't get carried away, it's better to tuck your tail when you are proud.Cao Cao is a man who can't be pinned down. When he is proud, he forgets himself, and he really suffers.Then the person who planned this rebellion is called Jia Xu. Jia Xu is from Wuwei, Gansu. , he is specialized in making trouble. What did Jia Xu do that would get the evaluation of "chaotic martial arts"?In 189 A.D., Emperor Ling of Han passed away. Northwest warlord Dong Zhuo came to Beijing, abolished the emperor, shocked the government and the public, and killed innocent people indiscriminately, implicating countless people.Therefore, Situ Wangyun and Lu Bu assassinated Dong Zhuo in the court. Li Jue and Guo Si, Dong Zhuo's former subordinates, were disheartened when they saw the commander died.Jia Xu made suggestions for them, but in the end it brought disaster to the country.

At that time, Li Jue and Guo Si, Dong Zhuo's former subordinates, were about to disband the army and go back to their hometown. They took a small road and went back to their hometown.I met Jia Xu on the road. Jia Xu said, where are the two generals going?They said, you see, Dong Dashuai died unexpectedly, let's go back to the northwest!Hey, Jia Xu said, you two just want to go back to the northwest, where is your army?disbanded.What kind of general are you without these two troops?Let me tell you, a pavilion chief on the road can arrest you and bring you to justice. You are looking for death.These two said, so what do you say?Jia Xu said it was very simple, clean up the old department, return to Chang'an, and avenge Grand Master Dong!You succeeded in killing back, serving the country to order the world, this is exactly the same as serving the emperor to order the ministers, and coercing the emperor to order the princes, this sentence.If you succeed in going back to Chang'an, you will hold the emperor as a treasure and command the world; if you fail, it is not too late to leave, why are you running back now!Two people thought, yeah, why are we disarming now, go back in despair, kill back!The two killed and went back in a mess. This is a good thing Jia Xu did.

Then when these two guys returned to Chang'an, they caused disasters to the country, the people, and slaughtered ministers. Jia Xu himself felt that he had done something wrong.So these two guys want to make Jia Xu a lord, what Jia Xu said for saving his life, this is a trivial matter, I don't want to be a lord.Said that you should be a book servant and a high-ranking official, Jia Xu said, look at me, I don’t have much reputation, and I don’t have much face. How can I be such a big official? It’s not appropriate. improper.He was wrong, he didn't accept the reward.This made Li Jue and Guo Si trust, respect, admire, and fear him. At this time, Jia Xu took advantage of this relationship to do some good things, such as who the two jackals wanted to kill. At that time, Jia Xu stopped her and did some good deeds.

When Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was taken back to Luoyang, Jia Xu thought, I can't stay in this place anymore, I can't stay in the court any longer, let's go!He resigned his official position and came out.After going out seven times and eight times, he finally came to Zhang Xiu, Zhang Xiu treated him like a guest and obeyed him.Then when Zhang Xiu wanted to rebel against Cao Cao, Jia Xu made a plan with him, saying that you should go and tell Cao Cao that our troops need to be moved, that is, I want to move the troops and change the defense area, and ask Cao Cao if it is okay?Cao Cao said yes, was Cao Cao very proud at that time?Then he told Cao Cao that the transport vehicles of our army are relatively small and cannot hold many things. Can our soldiers be allowed to carry armor and weapons with them? So it won't be difficult for me to carry, okay?Cao Cao is so romantic at this time, it's okay.So Zhang Xiu's troops, wearing military uniforms, carrying weapons, and driving chariots, walked past Cao Cao's barracks in a grand manner, suddenly turned around, and rushed into Cao's camp.Of course, it was Jia Xu who killed Cao Cao by surprise.

So this time it was a disastrous defeat for Cao Cao, but Cao Cao did not shift the responsibility to others. This is Cao Cao's greatness. He did not even pursue those who advocated accepting Zhang Xiu's surrender.If it were someone else, such as Yuan Shao or Yuan Shu, he would have to investigate: it was Zhang Xiu who wanted to fake surrender at that time—he would definitely say that Zhang Xiu was a fake surrender now—who advocated Zhang Xiu’s fake surrender at that time?Cao Cao didn't, so he made a self-criticism.He called up the troops and told the generals: I was wrong this time, and I know where I was wrong. When I accepted Zhang Xiu’s surrender, I should have taken one of his sons as a hostage in my barracks. I didn’t do that. One thing, I was wrong, and I won't be wrong next time.This should be said to be an amazing place for Cao Cao.

Why did Cao Cao lose in the war against Zhangxiu in the south?According to Mr. Yi Zhongtian's analysis, Cao Cao was complacent and did two things he shouldn't have done. As a result, Zhang Xiu, who surrendered, suddenly rebelled and caught him off guard.This is a manifestation of Cao Cao's immaturity, but Cao Cao did not shirk his responsibility, but took the initiative to conduct self-criticism and admitted his mistakes.So, in the next few contests with Zhang Xiu, has Cao Cao matured? But it is not so fast for a person to mature, and the same is true for Cao Cao.So in the second time, that is, in November of the second year of Emperor Xian'an of the Han Dynasty, when Cao Cao went south to attack Zhang Xiu again, he beat Zhang Xiu to pieces.Although Cao Cao has learned the lesson from the last time this time, he is no longer proud, no longer cocky, and won the victory, but it does not mean that he will win next time.Then for the third time, in the third year of Jian'an, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, in April, Cao Cao made three expeditions to Zhangxiu, and this time he almost stumbled again.At that time, Cao Cao's military adviser was called Xun You. As I said, Xun You was one of Cao Cao's five early counselors.Xun You advised Cao Cao not to fight Zhang Xiu. He said that after Zhang Xiu was beaten to Rangcheng by you last time, he formed an alliance with Liu Biao, and Liu Biao provided food and grass, but Liu Biao would not seriously provide Zhang Xiu. Food and grass, so Zhang Xiu and Liu Biao will fight on their own one day, we might as well wait.Now that you have pushed them into a hurry, the two of them will form a best friend and join forces to beat us, which is not good for us.Cao Cao didn't listen, what happened?As a result, Liu Biao and Zhang Xiu became buddies and joined forces to fight Cao Cao.

At this time, Cao Cao ordered the withdrawal of the troops. Zhang Xiu was very happy when Cao Cao ordered the withdrawal of the troops. He immediately ordered to pursue, but Jia Xu stopped him. The general must not pursue, if you pursue, you will lose.Zhang Xiu said, no, this Cao Cao has already escaped, why don't we take advantage of the victory and pursue it?He said chase!What was the outcome?As a result, he was defeated by Cao Cao, dropped his helmet and armor, and returned in despair.Just sat down and hadn't had a sip of water yet, Jia Xu said, General, hurry up and catch up again!Zhang Xiu said, I don’t understand what Mr. said. Last time Zhang Xiu went to chase Mr. and said he couldn’t chase him. Now that Zhang Xiu has defeated him and came back, Mr. Hurry up and chase him. What do you mean?Jia Xu said don't ask what it means, you just chase now.It doesn't make sense for Zhang Xiu to think about this, but when he thinks that Jia Xu is really good at predicting things, let's chase after him!Okay, great, I'll lose again.He cleaned up his remnant soldiers and defeated generals, chased after him, and returned with a big victory.After coming back, Zhang Xiu admired Jia Xu so much, sir, the first time Zhang Xiu chased the retreating soldiers with elite soldiers, and the husband said he would be defeated; the second time Zhang Xiu chased the winning soldiers with defeated soldiers, and the husband said he would win, Zhang Xiu I can't figure it out after thinking about it, sir, can you give me some pointers? .Hey, Jia Xu said, this matter is actually very simple, general, think about it, Cao Cao fought us, did he lose?No; did he make mistakes?No; did he make a mistake?No, then why did he retreat?Something must have happened behind him, there must have been a fire in his backyard, something happened in the middle of the court, so he was retreating, not retreating, he was withdrawing in a planned way, so the wise Duke Cao must personally cut off the rear.General, although you are brave and good at fighting, to be honest, in terms of fighting, you are worse than Cao Gongna, so after you catch up like this, you will meet Cao Gong who personally cut off your rear, and you will be defeated; Something happened, so he must hurry on his way. Since he found out that you have been defeated, he will not kill the rear himself. He must lead the front army to go forward. The broken rear must not be able to defeat you, so you will win .Oh, Zhang Xiu said, Mr. Jia, you are really good at predicting things!In fact, we always say that Zhuge Liang predicts things like a god and knows how to fight, but he is not as good as Jia Xu to be honest.

The clever Jia Xu does not occupy much space in the novel, and it is far inferior to Zhuge Liang who is equally clever.But through the analysis of Mr. Yi Zhongtian, we know that in the real history of the Three Kingdoms, Jia Xu was a very smart person.So, Jia Xu predicted that Cao Cao's retreat was for a reason, was his prediction correct? correct.The reason why Cao Cao withdrew his troops was that he had received an urgent report saying that Yuan Shao's counselor Tian Feng had suggested to Yuan Shao that while Cao Cao was attacking Zhang Xiu, he would raid Xudu as soon as possible and take the emperor back to me.This emperor is much more important than Zhang Xiu, so Cao Cao withdrew his troops quickly.

So this battle should be said to be a tie between Cao Cao and Zhang Xiu, but Cao Cao was not proud this time, and he made a review of his military sacrificial wine Xun You, saying that he did not listen to his husband's words.As for Yuan Shao, Yuan Shao did not accept Tian Feng's suggestion, he did not attack Xu Du, so it was a false alarm for Cao Cao.Nevertheless, Cao Cao summed up his experience, rewarded those who gave him advice, and thanked those who dissuaded him from fighting this battle.This is an important reason why Cao Cao was able to succeed later: every time he fought a battle, he would review himself when he was defeated, and thank others when he won.Later, when Cao Cao went to conquer Wuhuan, he also won the battle, but it was a narrow victory. When he withdrew from Wuhuan, it was freezing cold, and there was no grain or drop of water in the army, so the victory was very difficult and dangerous. After winning the battle and returning to the court, Cao Cao gave an order to find out who opposed me to fight Wuhuan at that time?All must be found out.After the order, everyone will be in danger, because this battle is won; who knows that Cao Cao will reward one by one, thank you for reminding, this battle was won by luck, and the reason why you oppose me fighting this battle is (is) long-term I, Cao Cao, shouldn't take chances. Your opinions are correct, even though I won.Later, Cao Cao issued a commendation order, saying that I, Cao Cao, fought in the South and the North, and won so many victories. Is it all due to me?It's all thanks to you.Attributed to others for achievements, blamed oneself for mistakes, even though the self-criticism was not in place, this was a great capacity in that era.And it is precisely because of Cao Cao's generosity and mind that he attracted so many talents and won so many victories, so that in November of the fourth year of Jian'an, he surrendered and betrayed him , Zhang Xiu, who fought three more battles with him, took the initiative to surrender, and he really surrendered. It was Jia Xu's idea that Zhang Xiu surrendered this time. In the previous narration, we know that Zhang Xiu had the experience of surrendering to Cao Cao and then betraying him. He also killed Cao Cao's son Cao Ang, nephew Cao Anmin, and Cao Cao's beloved general Dian Wei in the rebellion.According to common sense, Cao Cao should hate Zhang Xiu at this time. Why did Jia Xu dare to make Zhang Xiu surrender to Cao Cao? Why did Zhang Xiu really follow Jia Xu's suggestion? What happened? At that time, the two major groups of Cao Cao and Yuan Shao were competing for the Central Plains, so both the Cao Cao Group and the Yuan Shao Group were fighting for the middle force and the third force, so they were also fighting for Zhang Xiu.This time, Yuan Shao's people came early. Yuan Shao sent an envoy to see Zhang Xiu, saying that you should quickly vote for us. Don't be on the wrong team in this political struggle. There will be no good end if you are on the wrong team. Yes, what about our Master Yuan.Before Zhang Xiu could reply, Jia Xu immediately stood up and said, hum, please go back and tell you General Yuan, my lord, that Yuan Benchu ​​can't even tolerate his own brothers, can he tolerate us?So Yuan Shao's envoy was sent back.When Zhang Xiu heard this, her face turned pale with fright, and she said, sir, you sent Yuan Shao's people away without showing any face, what shall we do?Jia Xu said that this matter is easy to handle, but Zhang Xiu said what should I do?Jia Xu said, take refuge in Cao Cao!Oh, Zhang Xiu said, thank you for thinking it out, you don't know that we all rebelled against Cao Cao last time according to your strategy, and we are going to surrender Cao Cao?Co-author Cao Cao is so weak now, why should we vote for him? Jia Xu said to tell you that this is why we surrendered to Cao Cao.First, Cao Cao now obeys the emperor's orders instead of ministers, and has political advantages. It is reasonable for us to take refuge in Cao Cao.Second, Cao Cao is now weaker than Yuan Shao, so we sent Yuan Shao a small group of people, and that was a cold dish called New Year’s Eve—with us, he would celebrate the New Year without us; and now that Cao Cao is fighting against Yuan Shao, his strength is still weak. Not enough, let's send it to your door, that's called sending charcoal in a timely manner!This is called favorable.Thirdly, in my opinion, Cao Cao is a man with great ambitions. What he wants to achieve is the career of king and hegemony. A person like this does not care about personal grievances. He must put the overall situation above personal grievances. He must need us like this A person who rebelled against him goes to him, this is called having safety.General, you can surrender without worry! After much deliberation, Zhang Xiu found that there was no other way out anyway, so let's surrender to Cao Cao!Sure enough, when he heard that Zhang Xiu had come to surrender, Cao Cao greeted him with great enthusiasm. He took Zhang Xiu's hand to ask questions, asked about his health, and was so affectionate that he couldn't be more affectionate. He didn't mention anything about Wancheng's rebellion. , And immediately about marriage, let's be a son and daughter in-laws!Give great trust and hospitality.From then on, Zhang Xiu became a general in Cao Cao's tent, Jia Xu became a counselor in Cao Cao's tent, and Cao Cao gave Zhang Xiu more rewards than others throughout his life.In the end, Zhang Xiu was granted 2,000 households, while Cao Cao's others were no more than 1,000 households, which was completely within Jia Xu's expectation. In the novel, Zhang Xiu and Jia Xu are not the main characters, they are only secondary characters in the Three Kingdoms story.But in real history, Jia Xu persuaded Zhang Xiu to surrender to Cao Cao, but gave Cao Cao crucial help at a critical moment.So, after Zhang Xiu and Jia Xu surrendered to Cao Cao, what was their final fate? Of course, Zhang Xiu may have suffered revenge in the end, and the time was eight years later. When Cao Cao conquered Wuhuan eight years later, Zhang Xiu died inexplicably.It is said that after Zhang Xiu surrendered to Cao Cao, he was still uneasy, especially when he met Cao Pi, because Cao Pi's brother Cao Ang died when he rebelled, so he always wanted to please Cao Pi, so he invited Cao Pi to dinner, Cao Pi Suddenly turned around and said that you killed my brother and you still have the face to invite me to dinner, and Zhang Xiu committed suicide. This is not necessarily reliable material.Well, Zhang Xiu’s son, Zhang Quan, was indeed killed by Cao Pi. Twenty years later, Zhang Xiu’s son, Zhang Quan, was involved in a rebellion case called Wei Tiao’s rebellion case. I can't say clearly, there are many people involved in this case, and Zhang Quan is one of them.Then whether Zhang Quan participated in this rebellion, there are various possibilities, it may be that Zhang Quan participated in the rebellion because his father was cornered after being forced to death by Cao Pi; If you can't make it through, you simply frame Zhang Quan for rebellion; then the third possibility is that Cao Pi didn't kill Zhang Xiu, nor did he force Zhang Xiu to death, but he knew that for his father, revenge for killing his son must be avenged. Since the hatred cannot be avenged on Zhang Xiu, it will be avenged on Zhang Quan.Didn't you, Zhang Xiu, kill one of Cao Cao's sons?Then we will kill Zhang Xiu's son now, isn't that worth it!These are all speculative opinions. But the relationship between Cao Cao and Jia Xu has always been good.Cao Cao's attitude towards Zhang Xiu is like this, he both wins and guards against, but pretends not to guard against it, and makes a look of not guarding against it; as for Jia Xu, he is grateful and appreciative, grateful for his timely assistance, and appreciative of his strategy people.So when welcoming Zhang Xiulai to surrender, Cao Cao pulled Jia Xu privately and said, thank you so much, the one who makes me believe that the most important thing in the world is Mr.Therefore, Cao Cao thanked Jia Xu sincerely, and Jia Xu was sure that Cao Cao would thank him sincerely.Because in my opinion, Jia Xu, a character that our audience friends may not be familiar with, may be the smartest person in the history of the Three Kingdoms. Where is he so smart?With insight into human nature and people's hearts, he can always clearly understand the minds of the people he wants to deal with. After Jia Xu left Chang'an, he first took refuge in a man named Duan Yan. Duan Yan was polite to him, but Jia Xu finally decided to go to Zhang Xiu.At that time, a friend asked Jia Xu, saying that we think General Duan is very kind to Mr., why did Mr. leave?Jia Xu said, you know one thing but not the other, you only see that General Duan is polite to me, you don't see why General Duan is polite to me, he is afraid of me, he knows my reputation and strategy of Mr. Jia It's all above him, so sooner or later he's going to attack me, and I have to get out of this place.The more polite he is to me, the more it proves that he is wary of me. He must be overjoyed when I leave him.And he doesn't have any foreign aid, he is very lonely, or isolated. After he saw me going to Zhang Xiu's place, he hoped that I could help him by going to Zhang Xiu's place, so after I left, he Will be great for my family.As for Zhang Xiu, there are no counselors, so if I go to Zhang Xiu, Zhang Xiu will definitely obey me, so I will be safe, and my family will be safe.Sure enough, when Jia Xu went to Zhang Xiu's place, Zhang Xiu treated Jia Xu as a guest of honor and treated Jia Xu as an elder, while Duan Yao was extremely kind to Jia Xu's family who stayed with him.Tell me, is Jia Xu's life a magic trick? Why is he so clever?Just because he has seen through human nature and people's hearts, Jia Xu is such a very knowledgeable person, so he is also a very confidant person, a very self-aware person.He knew very well what a man like him who had surrendered from the enemy's camp and had an extraordinary strategy meant to Cao Cao. He was not only an object to be used, but also an object to be guarded against.Therefore, after Jia Xu surrendered to Cao Cao, he became very low-key in dealing with people. He didn't make suggestions or make friends easily. When marrying someone, he doesn't look for a wealthy family.As a result, Jia Xu's ending should be said to be the best among the counselors in the Three Kingdoms era. He lived until the age of 77 and died without incident.So Jia Xu is really a smart person.What Jia Xu did was really smart. Jia Xu asked Zhang Xiu to surrender to Cao Cao in November of the fourth year of Jian'an. In the spring of this year, Yuan Shao assembled 100,000 elite troops and marched towards Xudu, intending to launch a war to wipe out Cao Cao.And Cao Cao's troops have already arrived at Guandu, a war that will determine the fate and future of China at that time is about to start. This is the famous Battle of Guandu. What kind of war is this?Please watch the next episode, a showdown.