Chapter 94 Section 93

When the "Ding Weizheng Tide" was brewing in April of the 33rd year of Guangxu, China lost a batch of ancient books of inestimable value. Since Hong Yang, the collection of books in the country has been known as the four great masters: Liaocheng Yang's Haiyuan Pavilion; Changshu Qu's iron piano and bronze sword; Hangzhou Ding's eight thousand volume building; Gui'an Lu's Song building.The Lu family is a latecomer, but has the potential to be at the top. The owner of the song building is named Lu Xinyuan, whose name is Gangfu, and he is very good at being an official and businessman. When Nanshao, Guangdong was preparing for the military, he had already started collecting books, accumulating a hundred boxes.After living in the countryside for six years, he resumed his job as a Fujian salt transport envoy. He was dismissed from his post, and his eunuchs were already quite rich, so he collected a lot of ancient books. Based on the essence of Shanghai Yu's Yijiatang, within a few years, he got married.Before Hong Yang, the great collector of Song edition books was Huang Pilie from Suzhou, whose name was 荛茅, and his library had many names: Shiliju, Duwujian Study, Tao Taoju, and Baisong Yishan.Lu Xinyuan's inscription on the house house means that the collection of Song inscriptions is twice as large as that in the "Hundred Song Dynasty".actually not!Lu Xinyuan's collection of books, to some extent, has the meaning of accumulating fame and wealth. Among bibliophiles, the quality is not high, and the tricks he plays can't help making everyone's teeth cold.

Once Lu Xinyuan died, his son Lu Shufan couldn't keep his business forever, and at the same time, he didn't know the content of his father's collection of books, so he often boasted to others: "There are many old Song and Yuan engravings in the Shouxian Pavilion".In fact, this is not the case. Lu's book collection is divided into two parts, one part is stored in Shouxian Pavilion, the other is stored in Song Song Building and Shiwanjuan Building.The collection of books in Shouxian Pavilion was once reported to the governor of Zhejiang by Chen Ming, and it was transferred to the court and returned to the public. The books in the collection are all block editions and ordinary banknotes after the Ming Dynasty.The reason why he did this was to cover his old engraved banknotes of Song Lou.As for the so-called 100,000-volume building, there are buildings but no books; it is just a stamp on the books in the song building.

Around the 31st or 2nd year of Guangxu, there was a Japanese man named Han Shimada, who was a sinologist who was proficient in the study of editions and catalogs. " and other books, he is well aware of the origin and flow of Chinese book collections.At this time, I took a fancy to Lu's collection of books, and went to the Song Tower several times to examine them carefully. I thought that if I could get these books, it would make up for the lack of Japanese books.Because the collection of books in Japan, the classics and scholars are generally complete, but the two volumes of history and collections are considered to be lacking, and the collection of the Song Dynasty House happens to be mostly these two volumes.

So Han Shimada negotiated with Lu Shufan.This person was born in a donated class. Lu Xinyuan sent 150 kinds of old banknotes and engravings, totaling more than 2,400 volumes, because of the collection of books by the Imperial College. Therefore, Lu Shufan was awarded the title of Imperial College Xuezheng.It is such a person, of course, he will not keep the books of the past, let alone preserve the classics for the country.He only knew that the Song Edition book was worth a lot. At that time, the asking price was 500,000 yuan, and then it was automatically reduced to 350,000 yuan, and then reduced to 250,000 yuan.Shimada Han contacted the seller and rushed back to Japan to find the buyer.

There is a Japanese baron, Iwasaki Yanosuke, who is a chaebol of the Mitsubishi family and a well-known Japanese bibliophile. When Shimada Han looked for a buyer, he naturally looked for him.So Iwasaki entrusted Shigeno Narumai, the president of the Japanese Historical Society, to negotiate with Lu Shufan in Shanghai, and finally a deal was made for 100,000 silver dollars.This happened in April, and half a year later, the collections of Song Building, Shiwan Juan Building, and Lian Shou Xiange were transported by NYK to Tokyo and included in the "Seikado Library" in Iwasaki. When the news came out, there was a great outcry among scholars, and there were many people who were devoted to learning the ancients and wept bitterly for it.It is even more sad for Duan Xiang to pretend to preserve the quintessence of the country.Therefore, after hearing that the collection of books in Ding’s 8,000-volume building in Hangzhou was also said to be for sale, I immediately asked Miao Quansun, the editor who was a guest in Nanjing, to contact him and return it to the public. At the same time, the original site of Xiyin Academy in Longbanli was changed to Jiangnan Books In addition to the 8,000 volumes of books in the museum, there are also some rare books that have been scattered outside Fanshi Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo.Of course, Duanfang also collected a lot of fine bamboo shoots in his private collection, which was praised by scholars in the south of the Yangtze River.

Zhang Zhidong had long wanted to do this good thing.When he went to Beijing to study in the 29th year of Guangxu, he had the idea of ​​establishing the library of the capital, but it was terminated because he returned to the post of governor of Hubei.Transferred to Beijing, with the Department of University Scholars Management, brought up the old things again, and has been planning. First of all, he took a fancy to the only complete Siku Quanshu in the Wenjing Pavilion of Rehe. In addition, the books in the various halls of the Summer Resort are also There are quite a few, plus the collection of books in the cabinet's large library, it can also be roughly scaled.But I always feel that the library in the first good area should be an academic base that can be viewed from all over the world. If the public collection is not as good and rich as the private sector, it would be unreasonable.When Lu's collection of books was transported to the east, Zhang Zhidong's thoughts coincided with Duan Fang's. It was a good time to take advantage of this opportunity to buy the private collection of books and return them to the public.Duanfang was close to the water tower, first obtained the eight thousand volumes hidden in the tower, and there were only three places left for Zhang Zhidong to make up his mind.

One is the Haiyuan Pavilion of the Yang family in Liaocheng, Shandong.As soon as this was mentioned, someone showed him a book, on which was a poem written by the author Liu E: "Cangwei abides by the royal residence of the king, and the four books of Yiyunjingshe; Silverfish." Looking at the description in "Travel Notes" again, my heart becomes cold. There is a passage in which he inquired about Haiyuan Pavilion from the shopkeeper of the study in Dongchang Mansion, and the shopkeeper of the study replied to him: "The Liu family is the first big family here, why don't you know about it? It's just that Liu Xiaohui, Master Liu, has passed away long ago. They The young master's name is Liu Fengyi. I heard that he has a lot of books in his family, and they are all packed in big crates. I'm afraid there are hundreds of boxes, piled up on a building, and no one will ever ask about them." Lao Can" lived for another two days , I know that the Liu family letter is really locked in a big box, not only outsiders can't see it, but even people from other clans can't see it." I was depressed, so I wrote the above poem.

The so-called Liujia Lane is the Yang family, Liu Xiaohui is actually Yang Shaohe, and Liu Fengyi is Yang Feng'a.Yang Shaohe's father, Yizeng, was not the governor of Water Transport, but the governor of Henan. Most of the eunuch's pockets were used to buy books.Most of the books collected by Ji Cangwei and Qian Zunwang in the early Qing Dynasty, Huang Pilie's "Shiliju" and Wang Shizhong's "Yiyun Jingshe" during the Daoguang period belonged to Yang Yizeng, and the "Haiyuan Pavilion" was specially built for collection. Yang Shaohe has a good chance of being able to succeed his father. In the coup d'état of Xinyou, Prince Yi Zaiyuanci committed suicide, and many books came out of the mansion. Most of the foundations were obtained by Yang Shaohe.

Zhang Zhidong has also heard that Yang's father and son are quite secretive about their collection of books. Among today's famous scholars, only Ke Shaomin from Jiaozhou and Jiang Biao from Suzhou have visited the pavilion, but Yang Shaohe has passed away, or Yang Feng'a is willing to sell the collection. It can be seen.After inquiring again, I knew there was no hope.Wish to come Yang Feng'a is a willful and eccentric dude, he makes a lot of jokes.Jiru couldn't ride a horse but loved fine horses. He once spent two hundred taels of silver to buy a famous horse, and enjoyed watching his servant who was good at riding gallop triumphantly.He is a Juren, donated to the cabinet secretary and works in Beijing. He has nothing to do in daily life and likes to treat guests. One day he bought four porcelain bowls from official kilns, and he wanted to treat them to appreciate them.When he was seated, he would use these famous dishes to serve food, over and over again, no less than ten times. One of his fellow countrymen joked, saying: "This bowl is too laborious."Therefore, when the capital encounters partial labor, it is called "Yang Feng'a's bowl".Another time, when Nianxia was short of money, he took another string of Qinanxiang beads, and ordered the servant to sell them off, but he couldn't find a buyer for a while, so Yang Feng was annoyed and said, "No more!" to the footman.With such a careless temper, he will not sell books unless he is waiting for the rice to cook.

Another reason is that Jiang Biao was jealous of Haiyuan Pavilion's treasures. He said in an inscription: "In the past, those who went north with cars, how could they go south?" If he made a fortune, he could also buy the books that Yang Yizeng bought from Jiangnan, and then buy them back to Jiangnan.When Yang Feng'a saw this article, she was very angry. Since then, the door has been locked and customers are even more refused.It's such an attitude of sacrificing books that you would rather eat silverfish than lose your hands, of course, it doesn't make any sense. As for the collection of books in Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo, it has been preserved for three hundred years since the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. Due to the strict self-discipline of the descendants of the Fan family, the keys to the doors of the pavilion and the bookcases are kept in separate rooms. When the lock is unlocked, the books in the pavilion are not allowed to go down the stairs, nor to dry the books, and keep them dry with leaves and quartz.Children and grandchildren who open the door and enter the pavilion without a reason will not be punished once; if they privately bring relatives and friends into the pavilion or open the bookcase without permission, they will not be fined for one year; if they borrow books without authorization, they will not be fined for three years.

In this way, the only thing left to discuss is Changshu's Tieqin and Bronze Sword Building.For this reason, Zhang Zhidong personally wrote a letter to Duan Fang, earnestly trusting him.This is not only obligatory, but also determined to win!Because Yuan Shikai was expelled, Yikuang's power gradually weakened, and Duanfang felt quite precarious. Even though Zhang Zhidong didn't have much flirtation with Tonggui, after all, he was a veteran of the three dynasties. If you want to save a person, as long as you are willing to fight to the death, the regent will have to make concessions.Duan Fang was thinking that being able to accomplish this matter would not only show his ability as a governor, but also be rewarded by Zhang Zhidong, and a strong Olympic aid was exactly what he needed most today. Duanfang seems elegant but vulgar, and vulgar.Doing elegant things is nothing more than threats and lures, but this time he did it right, mainly by finding the right person. Originally, under Duanfang's sect, there was a Qing guest named Yang Xingwu who managed gold and stone tablets, books, calligraphy and paintings for him.This man has very good eyesight and is proficient in bibliography. Most of Duanfang's collections have his inscriptions and postscripts.But things flock together, there are places where people steal and plunder, and there are treacherous and treacherous followers.Yang Xingwu's conduct is very bad, and his ability to forge is also great.Duan Fang thought that if he was invited to Changshu to negotiate, he would be scared at the first glance, and if he respected ghosts and gods and stayed away, he would definitely not be able to reach an agreement. Therefore, Duanfang sought out Zeng Pu, a well-known scholar in Changshu, named Meng Pu, who was a son of an aristocratic family. A means of hunting a good job, while fascinated by French literature.I also wrote a sensational one, so when Zeng Mengpu was mentioned in Jiangnan, many people knew about it. This is a so-called "new school figure", and his opinions will not be limited to a corner. He is in favor of making the collection of Tieqin and Tongjianlou public to the people of the country. He believes that the collection of the Jingshi Library will last longer than private storage, so He generously accepted Duan Fang's commission. The Tieqin and Bronze Sword House is located in Zhuli, Changshu. The owner’s surname is Qu, and the scriptures have been handed down for four generations. Now the owner’s name is Qu Qijia, whose name is Liangshi. He is very young, but very capable.He replied to Zeng Pu that Ye Changchi must be consulted on this matter first. Ye Changchi's bibliography is not the first, but also the second, and he is a senior in the Imperial Academy. Therefore, in Suzhou, he is very powerful in protecting the cultural relics of the country.Seeing this situation, Duan Fang preemptively sent a secret call to Ye Changchi, asking him to persuade Qu Qijia on his behalf, and then said that he would come to Suzhou on the seventh day of the new Zhengzhou and ask him to meet him. However, the gentry in Changshu have different opinions from Zeng Pu, and there are many people who want to maintain the reputation of "South Qu Beiyang".This kind of situation is also in the estimation of Duan Fang. He made a small plan of "knocking the mountain to shake the tiger". He made a note, saying that he heard that Jia Jia came from the east, and he coveted Qu's collection of books. , instruct local officials to protect them.So the prefect of Suzhou and the county magistrate of Changshu sent officers to go to Muli to investigate secretly, and even went to the door for interrogation. As a result, the Qu family first panicked, and the rest of the dissenting gentry were afraid of being suspected of "colluding with Dongjia". Also dare not troublesome. However, no objection does not mean approval, even if the Qu family is willing to sell the collection, there must be certain conditions.So the people in the middle, working hard, can't agree for a while.But Duan Fang couldn't bear it anymore, because De Zongzi Palace was scheduled to be transferred from Guande Hall to Lianggezhuang in Xiling on March 12th, and all countries sent special envoys to China to attend the funeral. , the trip is coming soon, I hope this matter will be settled, and I will have a satisfactory explanation when I go to Beijing to meet Zhang Zhidong, a senior scholar from the Department of Management.Therefore, they kept urging Qu Qijia and the gentry in Changshu, and their attitude was quite bad.Zeng Pu didn't want to behave properly, he was close to a rogue, he regretted meddling in his own business, but he couldn't let him get away, so he could only make up his mind: the Qu family's collection of books should be returned to the public. Nor can Duanfang be allowed to take advantage of it.In terms of details in the future, we need to negotiate carefully. Both Qu Qijia and the gentry in Changshu felt that this purpose was good, so they sent a telegram to inform Duan Fang who had already arrived in Beijing. Two days later, Duanfang sent a telegram back to the gentry in Changshu: "The collection of Qu's books should be returned to the public. Once the Jingshi Library is established, it should be approved. Read the incoming call with all the masters of the Faculty, praise and praise, there is no such thing as a famous saying!The library is on Jingye Lake, and it will be played within a month. Thank you in advance. " The tone of this telegram was quite ambiguous, and after careful searching, it was discovered that Duan Fang had ulterior motives. Among the three words "Dang agree", there are many articles, as if Qu family voluntarily returned the collection of books to the public, and he, as the governor of the province, agreed to Qu family's completion of this good deed.Originally, it was the public who asked for the family collection from the Qu family. If they were willing to part with each other, it would be very considerate of the public family. As for the remuneration, it will naturally be calculated according to the market price. Now it has become Qu's voluntary repayment, that is, no compensation can be claimed, it is nothing more than a rule, please To reward, even if the "price" is given, it is only one to two percent of the real value!This is the usual trick of Duanfang, which is not only a trick, but also a plunder. But once Duan Fang took office, he had no time to take care of this matter.Because Jiangsu was "making a big fuss about housework", the governor, feudal secretary, standard secretary, and Shanghai Taoist quarreled, and in the end even Duanfang himself had to be involved. The dispute first started when Cai Naihuang, the governor of Shanghai, insulted Chen Qitai, the governor of Jiangsu.Because Chen Qitai was a bit harsher in his official business, Cai Naihuang's reply was full of words, "spreading a couch with black smoke, sparrows sparrows in eight circles", which turned out to be an ugly slander.Chen Qitai was furious, and Yan Zhang impeached him.All along, the governors, governors, and counselors have always been inaccurate. If they are serious, they will be dismissed or investigated, depending on the circumstances.This time, a new trick came out, and Jiang Duan was ordered to investigate not only Cai Naihuang, but also Chen Qitai.Chen Qitai, who was old and frail, was in a hurry. When Duanfang came to Beijing, he had already asked for a vacancy and said that he would return to Hunan to recuperate. When Duanfang returned to his post, Ruicheng, the governor of Jiangsu feudal clan, asked for leave due to illness, and Zuo Xiaotong, the governor of Jiangsu Province, concurrently signed it.There is a master Gu in the yamen of the feudal lord, who is Ruicheng's confidant, but is hated by Chen Qitai.So he took this opportunity to recommend a man surnamed Han to join the vassal. When Ruicheng learned about it, he was very angry. He thought that he was asking for leave, not opening a vacancy. How could the governor easily change his staff?So he wrote to Governor Jiang, accusing Chen Qitai of being "autocratic and unreasonable", and also blamed Zuo Xiaotong, accusing him of "intentional contempt". This matter was originally done by Chen Qitai recklessly, and Ruicheng's backing is very strong. As soon as Chen Qitai opens a vacancy, Duanfang will of course buy his account, and write a letter to Chen Qitai, asking him to "expel Han screen".As a result, Chen Qitai's condition became serious again. Who knows that the matter is not over yet, Han went and didn't care about it, and stayed behind closed doors, ignoring everything.Celebrities have always put on airs like this, but in fact they have to rely on him, and many important official affairs cannot be done without him.Therefore, the capital and the first county repeatedly persuaded him to recover the lying Master Gu. When this entangled dispute between the governor and the vassals comes to an end, Chen Qitai can't afford it anymore, Duanfang has to send someone to report the vacancy, send someone to act as an agent, and check whether there is any deficit in Chen Qitai's tenure and important unfinished business. matter.After being busy for a while, he himself was transferred to Zhili, and following Yang Shixiang's absence, he was busy making an explanation, "fired the gun", and temporarily ignored the Qu family's collection of books, but he never forgot his feelings.This time I came to see Zhang Zhidong with ulterior motives. "This time, there are no other unfinished matters that I can't let go of. Only the Qu family's collection of books is brooding." Duan Fang changed the subject: "I wonder if Zhongtang has decided on the location of the library?" "I have already made a decision!" Zhang Zhidong replied, "It is the Ministry of Internal Affairs that still has opinions." The site of the Jingshi Library was selected as early as when Duanfang came to Beijing in spring. The Jingye Lake in Deshengmen is also known as Jishuitan.According to legend, there are "Sishui Towns" in the capital, with the Paozi River west of Chongwenmen in the southeast; Taiping Lake west of Xuanwumen in the southwest; Shichahai on the left of Di'anmen in the northeast; Jishuitan on the right of Deshengmen in the northwest. There is a Zhenshui Guanyin Nunnery on Jishuitan, which was renamed Huitong Temple during the Qianlong period.The temple is located in Gaofu, surrounded by clear water and trees, it is a good place to study.Zhang Zhidong plans to build four pavilions on the Zhouzhu in the middle of Jingye Lake, and collect the complete books of Siku, Song and Yuan Dynasties.The academic department has drawn up the plan long ago, but Jingye Lake and Huitong Temple are the official property managed by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and they are still unwilling to let go, so they haven't played it yet. "As Zhongtang, does the Ministry of Internal Affairs still have objections?" "It's hard to say. Tao Zhai," Zhang Zhidong said in a drawn-out voice, full of emotion, "This is not what it used to be!" "The thing is, if there is no space, you can't build a library, and if you don't build a library, you can't come to Changshu books." "Of course, of course! I must do this matter, and tomorrow I will ask the Ministry to draft a play." "Zhongtang, don't mention Qu's collection of books in the memorial, so as not to be misunderstood, and think that the library was built only with Qu's books. Wouldn't it belittle the status of the Jingshi Library?" "Not bad, not bad! But Siku Quanshu and Tianlu Linlang must be mentioned." "Of course! The only surviving one, it belongs to the collection, self-sufficient and gaining weight." Duanfang continued: "The establishment of this museum, the book of the Secretary of the Central Committee, Jiahui Shilin, is a grand event of innovation for thousands of years, and it is beyond the power of Zhongtang. Here, I secretly wish to attach myself to Jiwei. In the future, when Qu’s books come to the north, I will naturally work hard and stick to it.” "What is there to say? It must be borrowed." Soliciting affairs means seizing power, as long as you can handle it, you can get a few pieces of the elite of Tieqin and Tongjianlou.Duan Fang has achieved his purpose here, so he said goodbye and left on the grounds of "a lot of quiet photos in the middle hall".