Chapter 82 Section 81

The problem of the number of words in the posthumous posthumous title of Empress Dowager Cixi was solved by a decree.This edict was issued based on Zaifeng's suggestion. It said, "The Empress Dowager Daxing has been training the government behind the curtain. For more than forty years, she has made meritorious deeds in the clan society, and her virtues have given birth to the people. All funeral ceremonies, Yunyi is especially grand, Respecting Zhao, but expressing mourning, the Ministry of Rites will revise all etiquette separately." The Ministry of Rites discusses and revises according to the emperor's funeral ceremony.The twenty-two characters of the emperor's honor and posthumous title, since they are compared, can naturally be added, and it is just right to add six characters.

It turns out that posthumous posthumous titles have certain rules.The first character of the posthumous posthumous title must use the word "filial piety", the next character must use the words "virtuous and chaste", and the last four characters must use the words "heaven" and "sage".This adds up, no more, no less, exactly six. It's just that the words applicable to posthumous posthumous titles recorded in the Huidian were suitable for Chonglong but had never been used before, so I couldn't find them, so another edict was issued: "Written in the Huidian Emperor's posthumous words for consideration and selection, and drafted with respect and respect. , to show off by emphasizing the great code."

Some people take this matter very seriously, while others take it very lightly.Those who took it lightly were a group of young relatives, with similar opinions: "Anyway, the number of words is the same as the emperor's. There is no need to think carefully about the wording, can you still use an ugly word? " The ones who take it very seriously are naturally a group of Ci officials.Said emperor's posthumous posthumous title is focused on the last word, such as Emperor Shizuzhang, Emperor Shengzuren, Emperor Sejongxian, and Emperor Wenzongxian. The posthumous titles of Zhang, Ren, Xian, and Xian are all exact and invariable, and one word can be used throughout his life.Emperor Gaozongchun, Emperor Renzongrui, Emperor Xuanzongcheng, Emperor Mu Zongyi's posthumous posthumous titles of Chun, Rui, Cheng, Yi, etc., are also discussed according to the situation, or have some hidden words, which are due to the painstaking efforts of the pen.As for the posthumous posthumous title, the emphasis is on the second word. Empress Dowager Cixi has been hanging for forty years, and the coffin will be finalized. Can you be extra cautious if you use one word to cover it?

Such a major event is naturally the responsibility of the prime minister. The imperial edict also instructed "to go to the yamen of the various ministries of the cabinet, and to prepare and hear it together with respect", that is, to hand it over to the court for discussion, and it should be presided over by a scholar.However, court discussions are superficial articles, and it is necessary to rely on a group of experts to come up with ideas.So Zhang Zhidong discussed with Sun Jianai and made a list. The Han people are Lu Chuanlin and Lu Runxiang, co-organizers of the university, Zhu Yifan, Wu Shijian, Zheng Yuan, Yuan Lizhun of the Nanshufang Hanlin, Liu Tingchen, the chief supervisor of the Imperial University Hall, and Cheng Shen, who was born in the Imperial Academy. , Tang Wenzhi, Wang Rongbao and others, the bannermen only invited three: Shixu, a scholar of the University, Rongqing, the Minister of the Bachelor of Science, and Puliang, the Minister of the Ministry of Rites.

Due to the state-owned funeral, banquets were prohibited, so Zhang Zhidong ordered Huixian Hall to prepare two tables of vegetarian meals, and no wine. After the hasty meal, the meeting began with tea. "The life of the Empress Dowager Daxing is rare in the annals of history." Zhang Zhidong said: "There is no more virtuous empress since ancient times than the Empress Dowager Xuanren in the Yuanyou period of the Song Dynasty. The Empress Dowager Daxing is doomed, and the future generations will be instructed to "speak the truth". Although our generation discusses only one word today, it is of great importance, and it is better not to be ridiculed by the historical commentaries of the future."

After a moment of silence, Pu Liang, Minister of the Ministry of Rites, had to express his opinion on the responsibility of Pu Liang: "Although the Shangyu said that it was used in the posthumous words of the emperor, there are not many that are suitable for the identity of the empress dowager. Not suitable." "Then what is suitable?" Rong Qing said, "You might as well list them first and consider them word by word." "That's a good statement!" Sun Jianai seconded, "Although this will take some trouble, it is the most appropriate way."

"Actually," Lu Chuanlin said out of the blue, "the holy word is very usable. The empress dowagers in the Song Dynasty must use holy as posthumous posthumous titles, with the exception of Zhang Suming's concubine Liu. That's because of Concubine Li Chen, which is another matter." "Zixuan's discussion is very serious!" Shixu just showed off the little ink in his stomach: "I remember it was discussed in "Gui Er Ji", and the discussion was very correct." "Yes, the discussion is very positive." Tang Wenzhi said, "What about Empress Naixiao Shengxian?"

It turned out that Niu Gulu, who was said to be Gaozong's biological mother, had a posthumous posthumous title of "Sage of Filial Piety".Tang Wenzhi's voice was not high, and Lu Chuanlin never heard it, but Shi Xu was very disappointed, and kept his mouth tightly shut. "How?" Lu Chuanlin didn't know what happened, but he still asked loudly triumphantly: "The sage of filial piety is also the sage of the ancestor. Yongzheng Chuyuan..." His discussion had just begun when Lu Runxiang, who was sitting next to him, leaned over to his ear, and reminded loudly that people from Suzhou can only speak with a Beijing accent, unless they use a fake voice like a storyteller, otherwise they can't speak loudly. So Lu Runxiang covered his lips with his palm, and said in Suzhou dialect: "It's too late! Here, Qianlong's own mother, Empress Xiaoshengxian!"

Lu Chuanlin used to be the governor of Jiangsu, and went north from King Qin of Suzhou in the year of Gengzi, so Wu Nong's soft words can also understand his meaning, and when he heard Lu Runxiang's words, his expression was the same as that of Shixu. So I took a meeting code and turned to the volume of the "Cabinet". The article about the "posthumous posthumous law" stated: "Every posthumous posthumous law is written in a book after examining its meaning." There are three volumes in total. The general name is "Hong Cheng Gong".The number of volumes in each volume is different, and there is only one volume in the second volume, "those who are granted posthumous titles by the officials can use it", with a total of 71 characters.There are two volumes in the middle volume. The first volume is "Concubine with posthumous title", with a total of 41 characters, and the second volume "with posthumous king", with a total of 75 characters.The first volume is dedicated to the emperor and empress. "Above the first volume, the name of the holy temple is listed", with a total of 44 characters; The posthumous posthumous posthumous title of the Empress" has a total of forty-nine characters.These words are recorded in the Huidian, and now they are the posthumous posthumous names of Empress Dowager Cixi, so they must be selected in the first and second volumes.

Although there are seventy-one characters in the first volume, there are not many suitable for Empress Dowager Cixi.Because although the posthumous posthumous title of emperor is used, after all, it is too strong to be used literally. If it can be used, you might as well posthumously posthumously.Ping Hongyang and Ping Nian Army were all things she did when she was hanging down the curtain, and she deserved it well.Secondly, such as pure, appropriate, and successful.Although words such as Zhe can also be used, they are naturally avoided if they violate the posthumous posthumous title or temple name of the emperors.Therefore, considering every word, only ten characters were selected for the primary selection, and Wu Shijian took up the pen, wrote them on a piece of plain paper, and sent them to Sun Jianai and Zhang Zhidong who were sitting on the table.

"Xiang Tao, read it!" Sun Jianai said, "After reading it, we will discuss it, choose three out of ten, and then submit it to the court for discussion, and it will definitely be accepted." So Zhang Zhidong read: "'A person who is wise and wise is said to be bright; a wise and wise man is called dedication.' The word dedication is not good!" Determination; comfort to the people is called tranquility; gentleness to comfort the people is called tranquility; prestige and manners are well-prepared and the day is Qin..." There are still three characters below, so Zhang Zhidong stopped reading. He looked up and muttered something in his mouth. Obviously, he was deliberating on the word "Qin". "Get rid of the unnecessary ones first," Sun Jianai said, "I also think the word 'present' is not good! All posthumous posthumous titles and temple names of the last emperors and empresses of the last dynasty should be avoided. " "Isn't Song Qinzong the last emperor?" Zhang Zhidong blurted out and asked. "It doesn't count!" Shixu replied: "Qinzong has a younger brother to succeed him, and there is also the Southern Song Dynasty. How can he be said to be the last king?" "That's right!" Zhang Zhidong waved his hand, "Excuse me, let me have a look at the canon!" The characters in this canon are extremely small, so Zhang Zhidong looked at it with a magnifying glass hanging on the skirt of his clothes, and finally found the explanation of the word "Qin". "I don't think it's necessary to choose three out of ten, but the word Qin is the most important thing!" He raised his voice and said, "Everyone, please read: 'Prestige is well prepared, Qin is well-prepared; Qin is only feared at night; Qin is respected and prudent. Qin. "Hearing the curtain to listen to the government, although the queen is the emperor, it is "prestige is fully prepared", but the night is only in awe; respect and prudence." This is just seeing the empress dowager Daxing, who also knows that the curtain is not made by the ancestors. And because of it, so be cautious and fearful!" Zhang Zhidong became more and more complacent as he spoke, clapping his hands and stamping his feet with a smile, he said, "Wonderful! This Chinese character was created in heaven and earth, as if it had been prepared for the benevolent sage long ago!" For a moment, he couldn't help his tears and nose, and his white-yellow beard was stained, shining brightly. He took out a gray handkerchief from his sleeve and wiped his eyes and nose. I can't help but want to laugh. So Wu Shijian jokingly echoed: "Zhongtang, there is something wonderful!" He used a Hangzhou dialect: "There is also the word Qin in the posthumous posthumous posthumous title: 'The prestige is fully prepared and the gods are called Qin, and the gods are called Qin!" God is like a wing, isn't it Describe it well?" "Yes!" Zhang Zhidong didn't feel that he was joking at all, and asked Sun Jianai very solemnly: "How about the Qin characters? It must not be easy!" He had already said that it was impossible, so what else could Sun Jianai say?Nodded without answering. "It's good! It's a pity, it's a serious crime!" Lu Chuanlin said: "There is a Chinese character in the emblem." "It doesn't matter!" This time, Shixu's mind was clearer than Lu Chuanlin's: "Aren't there two characters for 'holy' in Empress Xiaoshengxian's posthumous posthumous title?" "This statement is even more unambiguous." Zhang Zhidong said: Let's draw up the last four words! " In the last four characters, only two characters are actually proposed, because the characters Tian and Sheng are ready-made.Roughly, the word "Tian" refers to the former emperor, and the word "Sage" refers to the current emperor. Therefore, the posthumous posthumous title of the empress dowager must be figured out in the sentence "the husband teaches the son", and it is not subject to the restrictions of "Hong Ming Tong". limit. "Although these four characters are routine articles, they are actually very particular." Zhang Zhidong commented again: "The word 'heaven' must be cut off from the Queen Mother's identity; the word 'holy' must be able to show that it is the same as today's For example, when Xiaojing became a queen, she used the four characters 'Bi Tian Fu Sheng', which is a good example." It turned out that Wenzong's biological mother, Xiao Quancheng, was concubine at first, and was gradually promoted to successor. In the 20th year of Daoguang, at the age of 33, she suddenly collapsed. Legend has it that the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law did not get along, and the death of the queen Since Wen Zong was only ten years old at the time, he was brought up by Concubine Jing, the biological mother of the sixth son of the emperor, King Gong. He died unexpectedly, so he will no longer stand up. In the first month of the 30th year of Daoguang, Xuanzong died, and the emperor's six sons were appointed as Prince Gong.Wen Zong ascended the throne, respecting the imperial concubine as the imperial concubine Huang Kaokangci, who lived in Shoukang Palace.The imperial concubine was very disappointed, because she was expected to be the queen, but she was wronged because Xuanzong had such a secret pain for empress Xiaoquan.Now there is no obstacle for her not being able to take the right position, and Wen Zong should repay the kindness of raising her, and respect her as the empress dowager, which is reasonable and reasonable, and there is no difference in etiquette, but it is so chilling. It is said that Wenzong and Prince Gong, who was one year younger than him, had heart problems and refused to respect their adoptive mother as the queen mother, so they were somewhat angry.In this way, in the fifth year of Xianfeng, the imperial concubine was seriously ill. One day, Wen Zong went to visit the sick, and met Prince Gong coming out from the inside, and asked how the illness was?King Gong knelt down to play, wept and said, the disease is incurable, and it seems that he will not die until he has a title. She has already been honored as the imperial concubine, and if she has a title, of course she will be honored as the empress dowager.Wenzong didn't have time to think about it for a while, so he just responded with "oh, oh", indicating that he heard it.However, Prince Gong misunderstood, and mistakenly expressed that he had not commented, and mistakenly said that he had already agreed. He was the "Shou Kui" at this time, and as soon as he returned to the military plane, he passed an edict to prepare for the etiquette of honoring him. When the Ministry of Rites played, Wen Zong was very angry, but he was also very rational and knew that he must not refuse, otherwise the sick imperial concubine would die immediately after being stimulated by this.Therefore, Zhun Zou respected his adoptive mother as "Empress Dowager Kangci". This happened on the first day of July. Eight days later, Empress Dowager Kangci passed away. Now, Wenzong has no scruples.Although he himself still complied with the ceremonies and kept on for a hundred days, the funeral ceremonies played by the Ministry of Rites for Empress Dowager Kangci were greatly reduced.The most important are two points: one is not a temple; the other is not a posthumous title of Xuanzong. Buzhen Temple is a temple where gods and gods do not enter.The Taimiao is a very serious and forbidden place, and no one can see whether there is this queen mother or not, but if she is not a posthumous emperor, then everyone in the world knows that this queen mother is not a "real card".The last character of Xuanzongzun's posthumous posthumous title is "cheng", so the empress dowager should be called "empress Cheng".The posthumous posthumous title of Empress Dowager Kangci is "Xiaojing Kangcibi Tianfusheng Empress", which has no written word.This is a rule in the Ming Dynasty. The emperor's biological mother is a concubine. If she sees her own son ascending the throne, the mother will be honored as the empress dowager. It is the posthumous posthumous title of the emperor, so as not to be a concubine.Wen Zong's intention is here, but he is unwilling to bear the reputation of being ruthless. All the detracting from the funeral ceremony is the excuse of the Queen Mother's will. The signs of suspicion among the brothers did not stop there. Eleven days later, Wen Zong ordered Prince Gong to withdraw from the military plane and go back to his study to study on the grounds of "handling the funeral of the empress dowager".Originally, they were born as close as one mother, but now, Wen Zong treats Prince Gong like all his younger brothers. When the Xinyou coup was successful, not long after Mu Zong ascended the throne, in order to repay the contribution of King Gong, the Empress Dowager Xiaojing was awarded the posthumous title of Emperor Xiaojing, and was called "Empress Xiaojing". "Xiaojing's posthumous posthumous posthumous posthumous title, besides adding a word 'cheng', also changed a word." Zhang Zhidong said: "It turned out to be the assistant of the assistant of 'Bitianfusheng', which meant a nanny. King Gong proposed to change it to appeasement. In this way, Xiaojing's identity will be very different! Wen Zong was indeed raised by Xiaojing, which is not contrary to the facts. This word is really a good change! From this we can see , The knowledge of discussing posthumous titles is very great, you should deliberate carefully!" After explaining, he left his seat with Sun Jianai, and then Shi Xu, Lu Chuanlin, Lu Runxiang and others also left one by one.Discussing posthumous posthumous titles is the official business of the cabinet, but the Minister of Rites is in charge of his success, so Pu Liang replaced Zhang Zhidong to preside over the matter. There were many lawsuits, and only two words "Xingsheng" were drafted.In fact, it is just a "Xing" character, and the character above the "Tian" character has not yet been found.