Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Big Defeat

Let us go back to the Tongjiang battlefield. Two players: the Chinese side is the Northeast Army, and the Soviet side is the Far East Red Army. Let’s first expose the Northeast Army. In terms of weapons and equipment, although the Northeast Army is second to none among the domestic local armies, it is obviously weaker than the Soviet Red Army, and special forces such as heavy artillery, aircraft, and warships cannot compare with the Soviet Army. Of course, the shortcomings of the Northeast Army are not all about things, but more about people. There are actually quite a few people.After Zhang Xueliang, Marshal of the Northeast, issued the mobilization order to fight against the Soviet Union, the frontline troops of the Northeast Army quickly increased to more than 100,000, while the Far East Red Army could concentrate only 40,000 troops (at most, only 80,000).Two to one, in terms of overall quantity, China has a certain advantage.

But if you compare the quality of soldiers, the gap is obvious. The most glorious stage in the history of Fengjun, the predecessor of the Northeast Army, was "the whole army and the military".However, after so many years, the current Northeast Army is still at the level of that year, and even regressed. Even so, the Northeast Army is not completely hopeless in the Battle of Tongjiang, even if it is a draw. I mean, if you have a good leader. But no.It seems as if God no longer cares about the Northeast Army, the sky is dimmed, Guo Songling is gone, Yang Yuting is gone, and there is not a single general who is the best at commanding the army.

Therefore, the person who supervised the battle and coordinated the overall situation in front became the honest man we are familiar with: Zhang Zuoxiang, deputy commander of the Northeast Army. Zhang Zuoxiang is indeed an impeccable good man, but he is definitely not a capable man, let alone a general who can support the overall situation in a crisis situation. Violence can be restrained by power, but virtue is not enough to control chaos. --"Han Fei" Forget it, there are no generals in Shu, and Liao Hua is the vanguard, that's all he can do.Let's fight first. In the beginning, the two sides fought and defended each other, winning and losing. The Northeast Army did not always suffer, and the Red Army did not always take advantage.

In some local battlefields, China also organized Russian-style puppet troops to rearm the Belarusian troops who had fled to the northeast and encourage them to go into battle. Don't you guys want to call back to your hometown? Now I'll give you a chance, go for it. Although it was the Russians who beat the Soviets, the enthusiasm of the Northeast "Returning Home Mission" was still very high. Out of "class hatred", they beat the brothers on the opposite side without mercy, making the Soviet Red Army howl with anger. As soon as the situation on the battlefield froze, China and the Soviet Union negotiated, and after the negotiation, the battle was still fought, and they continued to fight while talking, and talked while fighting.

There seemed to be a faint glimmer of victory ahead of the Northeast Army.Until one person appeared and changed everything. At the tense moment of the intensifying conflict ahead, a Soviet general with an extremely strange walking posture and swaying left and right was urgently transferred from the Ukrainian military district to the Far East. The reason why this person walks strangely is because only in this way, no one can see that he is actually a disabled person. When he joined the army and fought in the war, he suffered a gunshot wound to his leg. After surgery, one leg was long and the other was short.

In traditional martial arts novels, such people are generally called "weird heroes", and their martial arts are unpredictable and profound. Stalin, who was far away in Moscow, issued an order: Brucher (Chinese name Galen), transferred to the commander of the Special Far East Army. If you are still relatively unfamiliar with this name, you can refer to another name - Zhukov, the first general of the Soviet Union's Great Patriotic War.This gentleman is good at fighting with large corps, and the battles he has commanded can be listed in a long list: the defense of Moscow, the defense of Stalingrad, the battle of Kursk, the battle of Dnepr, the battle of Berlin...

Galen was Zhukov's teacher. In addition to his specialty in military affairs, we also want to award him a lifetime honor that many foreigners have won.That is: China Hand. During the Northern Expedition, he served as the chief military advisor to the Guangzhou Revolutionary Government and participated in the establishment of the National Revolutionary Army. The party representative system and political work system in the Northern Expedition Army were introduced to China for the first time as new concepts by this old man. Although the two countries are now fighting each other and each is their master, to be fair, they did contribute a lot to the Chinese revolution back then.

At that time, in order to avoid suspicion, the consultants sent by the Soviet Union to China to help the revolution all claimed to be "retired unemployed people" and were hired by the Guangzhou government in their personal capacity (in the future, you must not believe the nonsense that the consultants are unemployed people who are rehired).The same is true for Mr. Galen. In China, the Far East Red Army was created by him alone. A well-known commander of the military region traveled thousands of miles to China to be a small staff member. of dedication. As old colleagues of the Whampoa Military Academy, Galen and Chiang Kai-shek used to have a good relationship.Although he was born in the Soviet Union, Galen has a strong taste of a professional soldier, which is what Chiang Kai-shek admires most about him.

After the split between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, all Soviet advisers were fired.Chiang Kai-shek was dissatisfied with Borodin, the Soviet political adviser, and even wanted him wanted. However, he missed Galen very much and said that he must hold a farewell ceremony for Galen. Galen is also a Bolshevik after all. Although he is not very keen on politics, he can still understand the saying "the friend of our enemy is our enemy".How dare he get close to President Jiang again, and quickly disguise himself as a sailor on a foreign ship, sneaking back to the Soviet Union secretly.

After returning to China, Galen was idle and was basically in a state of long-term recuperation until he was ordered to join the war this time. Hearing that the old patriarch grandfather known as the "Spirit of the Far East Army" was in place, the Far East Red Army suddenly became energetic. As Zhukov's teacher, Galen is well versed in the way of combat: It is better to cut off one finger than to hurt his ten fingers. This "one finger" refers to the Northeast Navy stationed on the Songhua River. If the Northeast Army still has a numerical advantage, the Navy does not even have this advantage.

The Northeast Jiangfang Fleet claims to have eight gunboats, but in fact only three are original. The largest flagship "Jiang Heng" is a Japanese product, and the other two ships ("Li Jie" and "Li Sui") are made in Germany, and their origins are quite legendary. (This proves that China sold some strength during World War I, and it also contributed to the victory of the Allied Powers).If "Jiang Heng" is still on the table, the other two brothers are purely makeshift, with poor actual firepower, and their main task is to scare pirates. Except for these three treasures, the other messy so-called "ships" are all parallel imports converted from merchant ships, and they can only be used as moving targets for others in a real war. But such a rotten army can actually rank second in the country (the first is the Central Navy, which is dominated by Fujian). The quality of the Chinese navy during the Republic of China was like this.Compared with those on the list, those not on the list are more insightful. For example, Sichuan, although it is a purely inland province, has a "navy" establishment. The "Navy" has only one "warship" - a small civilian ship. According to the legendary understanding of the navy, the founder made a careful decoration for this small ship: welding iron plates to make iron armor, and installing small cannons as weapons. The only shortcoming is that it is a bit troublesome to shoot.Due to the small tonnage and weak horsepower, after firing one shot, the ship would retreat a bit, and after firing two shots, it would retreat twice. After three shots, it would probably hit the river bank and capsize! Neglecting the navy is an unforgivable mistake in national defense, but it was the inevitable product of the warlords at that time and the division of the country. In the civil war, after all, the navy was rarely useful, and even the air force played a greater role than the navy. . The navy is the weakness of the Northeast Army, but it is the strength of the Soviet side. Compared with "the second largest local navy in the country", the rival Soviet Heilongjiang Fleet is simply a Tyrannosaurus rex.There are four of the strongest shallow-water heavy artillery ships called "Storm Class" in the fleet, and their combat effectiveness is a level higher than that of the flagship "Jiang Heng" of the Northeast Navy. Using his strengths to attack others' weaknesses, the Northeast Navy stationed in Tongjiang City became the primary target of Galen's attack. On the front line of Sanjiangkou (Tongjiang City is located at the confluence of Heilongjiang, Songhua River and Wusuli River, so it is also called Sanjiangkou), the Soviet Heilongjiang Fleet kept a close eye on the opponent, but did not launch an attack immediately. The Belarusian "Returning Home Mission" and "Guerrillas" assisted by the Northeast Army continued to harass and harass the military targets of the Soviet Union.After receiving the report, the Soviet army staff advocated that the navy launch an attack as soon as possible in order to occupy Tongjiang City, where the Northeast Army was defending, and wipe out the defenders and "Russian traitors". Galen remained unmoved. He just ordered the fleet to bombard these White Russian armed forces across the shore with artillery fire, but he only went so far as to drive them out of the Soviet Union. For the Northeast River Defense Fleet that was very close, he didn't have any orders or actions, as if they didn't exist. It's not not to fight, but to wait, to wait for the best time to attack. Lu Xun, the famous general of the Three Kingdoms, faced the abuse of the Shu army, and refused to fight for several months. As a result, he waited for work with ease, and burned the opponent's 800-mile company camp as soon as he made a move. One of the differences between a master and a rookie is that a master usually only needs one move to complete a task that a rookie cannot complete with countless moves. After more than two months of calm confrontation, the Jiangfang Fleet, which was tense and ready at first, began to loosen. The acting commander-in-chief of the Northeast Navy, Shen Honglie, was originally a shrewd man, known as a "capable general".However, in front of the ecstasy formation that Galen intentionally or unintentionally arranged, there was also a misjudgment. He believes that the guerrilla tactics of the Belarusian troops did play a certain role. The Soviets are now confused by guerrilla warfare, and they cannot find the strength to launch a large-scale attack on the Northeast Navy until this problem is completely resolved. Based on this judgment, when the Soviet Heilongjiang Fleet was still guarding Sanjiangkou, he even took the captain of the fleet to temporarily leave the Tongjiang front line for a meeting in Harbin. The leader not only left, but also left behind a trick: ordered the Marine Corps to be reduced to a brigade, the most capable "Jiang Heng" left the team for rest, and one of the broken ships built in Germany "Lijie" took its place as the flagship. The arming is all messed up. This was the moment Galen needed. At this time, more than 80,000 people from the Soviet army, navy and air force had been assembled in Siberia, and adequate preparations had been made in terms of logistics. In particular, the most important problem of cold protection was solved. The water boiler can supply hot food to the front line. At the same time, Sino-Soviet political negotiations completely broke down. All is ready except for the opportunity. Galen clicked lightly on the map to complete the fatal blow. On October 12, 1929, the Sanjiangkou Naval Battle, a key battle in the Sino-Soviet War, was unveiled, and the first large-scale naval battle between China and foreign countries after the Sino-Japanese War began. In this battle, the Soviet Heilongjiang Fleet only invested three shallow-water heavy gunships in the battle. On the premise of not much loss, it only took more than an hour to announce the game over. The only one in the Jiangfang Fleet that has played a small role, so it is particularly worth mentioning is the "Dongyi" warship, which can be called the parallel importer (also known as the best parallel importer) among parallel importers. Before the war, Shen Honglie obtained two large-caliber naval guns from nowhere, but because the existing warships were not large enough, the guns could not be loaded.In line with the idea of ​​being thrifty and not wasting every cannon, Commander Shen asked around and found him a scrapped commercial barge. After measuring the size, it was just right, so he put the cannons on it and named it "East Barge". B". The "Dongyi" with two cannons is really majestic and majestic, which makes people happy to see it.But this "warship" is good in everything, but there is one flaw: no power! It's no different from a disabled person. If you don't help or pull it up, it can't move at all. Can not blame others.It was already retired, but you forcefully dragged it here, and even changed its career, and now you want it to run a thousand meters with you every day, and gods don't have the ability. To say that Commander Shen's name of "capable general" is really not covered.He also found a parallel cargo warship "Jiang'an" that was purely a cobbler in the fleet, and exempted it from the obligation to fire indiscriminately. play. Usually, other ships would raid the enemy and set up formations on the river. The "Dongyi" was used as a mobile water fort, towed by the "Jiang'an", and quietly hid in the swamp area near the river mouth. The "Dongyi" can't do anything else, but it's okay to keep it motionless.Soviet planes flew over the river every day for reconnaissance, but they never found out that there was a small killer hiding here. The water war has just begun.The generation flagship "Leejet", which is so big and flamboyant, was hit hard, and was unable to carry out an effective counterattack after being injured.Afterwards, the "Li Sui" also lost the power to fight back and could only evacuate in a hurry.The rest of the minions were even more chaotic, unable to parry at all. At this time, the "Dongyi" bravely stood up, and of course it was pulled out by the "Jiang'an". The Soviet warship was fighting vigorously, and suddenly found a small enemy ship suddenly appearing beside him, and was shocked.Taking a closer look, a smaller one ran out from behind it like a magic trick, turning into two.What's even more strange is that the two ships are still connected together. The older brother leads the younger brother, which looks like a player's house in kindergarten.What a trick! At first, everyone only paid attention to the older brother in front, and was on guard against it firing the cannon. Unexpectedly, it wasn't it who fired the cannon first, but the little brother at the back. Don't look down on people.Small is small, fighter jet. Caught off guard, several Soviet warships were plotted against by "Dong Yi", and hurriedly avoided them. The "Dongyi" had been observing in the corner for a while, and found that the flagship "Sverdlov" was the most arrogant in the Soviet Heilongjiang Fleet, and immediately stared at it and "bited" it hard. The big old Maozi's flagship was in a hurry and got up to fight back. But the big one can't beat the small one, but the small one can easily beat the big one. The "Dongyi" was not originally a dedicated military ship, and the hull was short and small.At that time, directional missiles with GPS functions had not yet been invented, and the shells could not turn. On the contrary, "Sverdlov" is easier to find. As long as it doesn't hit it first, you can aim at the target with your eyes closed. The two large-caliber naval guns that Commander Shen had obtained temporarily were really good at critical moments, and they seized the opportunity to bombard the Soviet heavy gunship, and there was no failure from the beginning to the end.The Soviet ships couldn't beat their opponents, so they had to forcefully pretend to be "Su Jianqiang" and hold their heads hard.Fortunately, its skin was strong and its armor was thick. Although it was beaten up, down, left, and right, it could hold on to its key parts, and sank to the bottom of the river without being disabled. But the sailors on board were not so lucky.The shells fell on the deck, and they were often killed or injured. The gunner of one turret was almost wiped out, leaving only a bare sergeant major. The flagship is in such a mess, other ships have to pay attention to this little man who fell from the sky.As a result, all the heavy artillery ships surrounded and concentrated on dealing with "Dongyi". I didn't expect the "Dongyi" to be like a loach, jumping here and there, looking forward and suddenly behind, playing a set of authentic Chinese Mizong boxing, a group of old men's western combination boxing is just But it can't. But soon, the flaw of "Dongyi" was found by Soviet warships surrounded by groups. That is, "Dong Yi" has no motivation of its own, and has to rely on "Jiang An" to drag it. The fierce artillery fire immediately concentrated on "Jiang'an".Poor "Jiang An" was immediately blown into two pieces. Without "Jiang'an", "Dongyi" cannot move and cannot survive alone.When the hull was damaged and the artillery was destroyed, it had to sink itself. History is always surprisingly similar.During the Sino-Japanese War, Deng Shichang's Zhiyuan ship also tried its best to support it, and fought bloody to the end. The same bravery and fearlessness, the same no hesitation, the same heroism for thousands of years! In the battle of Tongjiang, the Northeast Navy fleet stationed at Sanjiangkou was almost wiped out. It almost means that the rested "Jiang Heng" and the escaped "Li Sui" finally survived. But it didn't last long either.In the subsequent Fujin water battle, the two surviving ships were severely injured by the Soviet Heilongjiang Fleet and forced to sink. Finally, there is almost nothing left. The Northeast Navy was wiped out and suffered the same fate as the Beiyang Navy. 35 years ago (the First Sino-Japanese War), the moon over the sea should have been dim and sad. Failure is inevitable. The sea battle was a fiasco, and the land battle was not much better. The frontline combat was ineffective, and the commander on the battlefield asked Zhang Zuoxiang for emergency reinforcements.As the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces, Zhang Zuoxiang was still vacillating on the issue of whether to fight the Soviet Union to the death, and did not dare to give it a go, so he was unable to move troops northward for a long time. The two main brigades responsible for the defense of Heilongjiang fought alone, and their fate was tragic: Han Guangdi's 17th brigade was wiped out, and Liang Zhongjia's 15th brigade was surrounded. They failed to break through several times and were forced to surrender.The number of defenders who were captured amounted to tens of thousands. As the victor, Galen did an immoral thing that did not match his status this time. He blatantly violated the provisions of the Geneva Convention on prisoners of war and sent tens of thousands of prisoners to the mines with extremely harsh conditions to do hard work. Not repatriated until the end of the year. It is common for the two countries to win and lose each other, but as a generation of famous generals, Galen set a very bad precedent. Sixteen years later, when World War II ended, Stalin violated the Potsdam Proclamation and detained 600,000 Japanese prisoners of war, forcing them to serve hard labor in Siberia for more than ten years. So some people say that Galen's decision is likely to come from Stalin's hint. Either way, Galen himself is to blame. Later, during the Soviet Union's "Great Elimination of Counter-revolutionaries", Galen, who was accused of being an "anti-Soviet spy", died so badly that it is said that even his eyeballs were beaten out. The instigator has no successors. As the Soviet army continued to advance into the northeast, Zhang Xueliang was so anxious that he was about to send SOS to Nanjing, but the Nanjing government still hoped that he would continue to resist. If you continue to resist, you still have capital. The Northeast Army currently has hundreds of thousands of elites. It is not impossible to turn defeat into victory if you go all out and fight the old man. In fact, at that time, Stalin was also afraid of being held back by the Northeast Army. Regardless of victory or defeat, it would definitely be a huge drag and burden on the economic recovery of the Soviet Union.His strategy can be summed up in one word: the Soviet army cannot fight a protracted war in the Northeast, they can only fight once and then go back, and then come back to continue fighting. If the Soviet Union could really win so easily, Galen would not be hailed as a hero after returning home, and with his "military exploits" he would become the head of the five Soviet marshals after the restoration of the military rank system. But Zhang Xueliang didn't have the courage to resist to the end with the strength of the Northeast Army. He believed that the Nanjing government should pay for the failure of the Northeast Army: at first they asked us to fight, but later they ignored everything, and now they can't, and they don't let us fight.What is this called. Obviously, the Northeast Young Marshal is no longer ready to fight, what he wants is a "peace" as soon as possible. Without notifying the central government in Nanjing, the Northeast sent representatives to negotiate with the Soviet Union and signed the Khabarovsk Agreement. According to the "Kabali Agreement", the Northeast has returned to the state before the Sino-Soviet conflict.The Middle East Railway is still "co-organized by China and the Soviet Union" (in fact, it is still controlled by the Soviet Union alone), in exchange for the withdrawal of the Soviet army. But outside the agreement, a cockscomb on China's territory has disappeared.This is Heixiazi Island, the "water pass" at the confluence of Heilongjiang and Wusuli Rivers.The Soviet army came quietly and stayed there for a long time.It was not until 79 years later that half of the land was returned after renegotiation between the two countries. When the news spread to the pass, the Nanjing Nationalist Government was shocked.Because of the so-called "Sino-Soviet negotiations", the central government did not know about it at all, and could not intervene. Historically, the Khabarovsk Agreement was not only an unequal draft treaty (not even a treaty), but also completely invalid.The Northeast representatives participating in the negotiations have not been formally authorized by their own governments, and have no qualifications or powers to participate in state-to-state negotiations. In other words, the Khabarovsk Agreement has no minimum legal basis. The Nanjing government subsequently issued a statement not to recognize the Khabarovsk Agreement, and at the same time removed all representatives from the Northeast participating in the negotiations. Chiang Kai-shek was also very angry.However, in view of the great grievances of the Northeast military and political leaders, including Zhang Xueliang, and the fact that the situation was really difficult at the time, it was inconvenient for him to criticize this matter too much. He himself does not recognize the Khabarovsk Agreement one hundred times. It is said that someone once suggested to him at that time that he should simply admit it. Anyway, whether he admits it or not, it will not stop Lao Maozi from actually controlling the Middle East Railway.Besides, it could be used as an exchange condition, allowing Stalin to release his son Chiang Ching-kuo back to China, but this suggestion was flatly rejected by Chiang Kai-shek. After that, until the "September 18th" Incident, China and the Soviet Union held numerous negotiations and consultations on the issue of the Middle East Railway, but they never made any positive progress.The primary difference is that the Soviet Union wants China to recognize the "Kabali Agreement", but China refuses to recognize it. How can the word title be easily given to you? Chinese people's evaluation of others has always been: reward credit for credit, and reward hard work if there is no credit. Anyway, we can't treat every comrade who has made great efforts.From this point of view, Chiang Kai-shek is still worthy of his brothers. In the second year, he awarded Zhang Shaoshuai and other Northeast military dignitaries with the Blue Sky and White Sun Medal to reward their "hard work." But a few blue sky and white sun medals can't cover up the overall decline in the Northeast at this time. More than 100,000 troops and nearly 10 million military expenditures were invested, but what they got in exchange was an out-and-out defeat.The Northeast Army, which was unanimously favored by the people of the whole country, suddenly showed its weak inner capsule. I also thought of Yang Yuting, the "Little Zhuge" in the Northeast, on solving the Northeast issue when he was alive. He said that the Middle East Railway and the dispute with Japan and the Soviet Union over the "rights and interests in the Northeast" are quite complicated, and they need to be dealt with skillfully. He said that Japan and the Soviet Union are always a pair of contradictions, and we can use the contradictions between them to achieve the effect of containing each other and using them for my own use. He said that we must be prepared for danger in times of peace, and Xu Tu strives for self-improvement, so that the Northeast will have a strong backing no matter whether it is peace or war. That kind of cynical youth who blindly act recklessly in the name of patriotism can only make the nation and the country fall into a greater predicament. Soldiers, the major events of the country, the place of life and death, the way of survival, must be investigated. --"The Art of War" In the vast Northeast, there should be a lot of talents, and people of insight are everywhere in the government and the public, but no one can stand up and speak out against the reckless actions of the authorities and the possible consequences. From the beginning to the end, there is no real opportunity to use Talent can turn the tide and save the crisis. One of the greatest "inheritances" left to the Northeast by the "Tiger Hall Incident" that year is that all horses are silent and talents are at a loss. Sadly, the Northeast Army, sadly, Yang Yuting. Thousands of years ago, there was a man who climbed up an empty tall building in despair. "I don't see the ancients in the past, and I don't see the coming ones in the future. I think about the long distance of the world, and I feel sad and weep." After singing, tears flowed down my face. This person also failed to escape the murder.This is the fate of hopelessness. The Ze of the Gentleman, will be cut for the fifth generation.Don't wait until "September 18", the luck of the Northeast is coming to an end.