Chapter 28 The hidden worry of the Jin State: the Three Rebellions

In the summer of 576 B.C., the king of the Communist Party of Chu held a military parade in Yingdu to pledge his troops for the Northern Expedition.His younger brother Gong Zizhen held different opinions on this expedition, and advised him: "We signed a treaty of peace and friendship with Jin not long ago, and it would be inappropriate to abandon it now." The young master said disapprovingly: "If the enemy's situation is beneficial to me, I will advance. What's wrong?"The officials of the Chu State basically shared the same argument. Only the old and frail doctor Shen Shushi heard the news in his hometown and said worriedly: "Zifan (zifan) is in trouble. Honesty and courtesy are wise and safe." Fundamentally, without faith and disrespect, disasters are coming.”

The army of Chu State went all the way northward, first occupied the violent tunnel (place name) of Zheng State, then invaded Wei State, and arrived at the first stop of the border between Zheng State and Wei State. The descendants of Zheng Zhuanggong did amazing things from time to time.After the main force of the Chu army entered the state of Wei, Master Zheng Xi made a beautiful defensive counterattack. He led his troops south and occupied Xinshi, the northern city of Chu, posing a serious threat to the logistics and transportation lines of the Chu army in the Northern Expedition. At that time, Luan Shu, Marshal of the Central Army of the Jin State, wanted to send troops to fight to the death with the Chu army. Han Jue stopped him in time and said, "There is no need at all. Chu Jun broke the covenant and enslaved the people to fight unjust wars. The people will definitely abandon him. Without the support of the people." Support, what else can he fight?"

Han Jue's words were not wrong, but it also made Jin lose an excellent opportunity to attack the Chu army.More importantly, Zheng Chenggong couldn't wait for the reinforcements from the Jin State, so he felt uneasy and wavered in his position.The King of the Communist Party of Chu, who was in Wucheng, took the opportunity to launch a diplomatic offensive and sent his son Cheng as an envoy to the State of Zheng, requesting peace talks with the State of Zheng. Prince Cheng made Zheng Chenggong a condition that he could not refuse - to exchange land for peace, and to assign all the land in Ruyin (a place name in the northern part of Chu State) to Zheng State.In addition, because the state of Xu has been attacked by the state of Zheng for many years, and the people are in dire straits, Xu Linggong proposed to the king of the Communist Party of Chu that all the people of the country should be moved into the territory of the state of Chu in order to continue the race.The King of the Communist Party of Chu agreed to Xu Linggong's request, and allocated Yecheng of Chu State to the people of Xu State to live in, and all the old land of Xu State was given to Zheng State.This favor was too great, Zheng Chenggong was overjoyed, and immediately sent his son, 騑, to Wucheng to hold talks with the king of the Communist Party of Chu, and the two sides signed a peace and friendship covenant.

At the same time that the King of the Communist Party of Chu sent his troops to the north, another major ally of the Jin State, the Song State, also had civil strife.In the summer of this year, Song Gonggong passed away.At that time, the power of Song State was in the hands of the following clans: Youshi Huayuan, a descendant of Song Daigong, a representative of the "Dai Clan"; Zuo Shiyushi, a descendant of Duke Huan of the Song Dynasty, and a representative figure of the "Huan Clan"; Sima Dangze, descendant of Duke Huan of Song Dynasty, "Huan Clan"; Situ Huaxi, descendant of Duke Dai of Song Dynasty, great-great-grandson of Father Hua, "Dai Clan";

Master Sicheng Gongsun, descendant of Song Zhuang Gong, "Zhuang Clan"; Da Si Kou Xiang is a man, "the family of Huan"; Shao Si Kou Linzhu, "The Clan of Huan"; Dazai Xiangdai, "The Clan of Huan"; Shaozai Yufu, "The Clan of Huan". It is not difficult to see from the above list that the "Huan Clan" has a large number of people and an absolute advantage in the political arena of Song Dynasty.After Song Gonggong's death, Sima Dangze conspired to rebel and sent someone to assassinate Song Gonggong's eldest son, Gong Zifei. The good old man Hua Yuan had nothing to do about it, and lamented: "As the teacher of the right, it is my duty to clarify the righteousness of the monarch and his ministers. Now the government is in danger, but I can't do anything about it. My crime is great. Since I can't do my duty faithfully, how can I return it?" How dare you occupy this position?" So he fled to the state of Jin.

Zuo Shiyushi heard the news and wanted to chase Hua Yuan back.Yufu held him back and said, "Let him go! If he comes back, he will definitely attack Dangze, and the Huan clan will perish if they are implicated." "Well, you don't know him well. If he comes back, even if he is given the power to attack him, he will not dare. Moreover, he has made many great achievements, and the people of the country support him. If he does not come back, the people of the country will attack us. That would be a disaster for the Huan Clan! Take ten thousand steps back, even if he really attacked Dangze and harmed the Huan Clan, he wouldn't be able to attack Xiang Xu. If Xiang Xu doesn't die, the blood of the Huan Clan will be preserved." Yu Shi Ru said.

Let me explain here that Xiang Xu is also a descendant of Duke Huan of Song Dynasty. He has always been very close to Hua Yuan and is Hua Yuan's confidant, so Yushi said this.Moreover, this Xiang Xu is not an ordinary person. In the history of the Spring and Autumn Period, his deeds are even more shining and meaningful than those overlords such as Duke Huan of Qi and Duke Wen of Jin.About Xiang Xu, I will talk about it later, so I won't mention it here. So Yushi boarded the carriage and ran wildly all the way, finally stopped Hua Yuan by the Yellow River. "Please, please, for the sake of our ancestors, you must return to Shangqiu and take charge of the overall situation, otherwise the Song Kingdom will be in chaos!" Yushi was out of breath and tightly grasped Hua Yuan's hand.

Hua Yuan was silent for a moment, and said: "It's not difficult for me to go back, Master Zuo, please support me in the crusade against the regicide thief Dangze. I know this matter is a bit embarrassing for you, after all Dangze is your family... " "National affairs are the most important, and everything is up to you!" Yu Shi interrupted Hua Yuan's words, and said firmly. When Hua Yuan returned to Shangqiu, he immediately arranged for Huaxi and Gongsun Shi to lead the residents of Shangqiu to attack the Dang clan and killed Dangze. "Spring and Autumn" records: "Song killed his doctor Shan." Shan is the name of Dangze. According to the principle of small words and righteousness, writing his name directly, not his family name, is to express condemnation of this person's behavior.

As Yushi expected, Hua Yuan strictly controlled the scope of the crusade to the Dang clan, and did not expand to the entire "Huan clan".However, Dangze died for the crime of regicide, and the court and public of the Song Dynasty were full of hostility towards the "Huan Clan", and the calls for crusade against the "Huan Clan" became louder and louder. Xiangweiren, Linzhu, Xiangdai, Yufu and other Huan clansmen moved out of Shangqiu with their families and came to the shore of Sui River to live in thatched huts.Hua Yuan sent someone to keep them, but they refused.After winter came, Hua Yuan came to the bank of Sui River and invited them back.

"Master You, please go back. We know we are guilty and have no face to go back to Shangqiu." In winter, the wind is cold and the river is especially bitter. Yu Shi, wearing a coarse cloth coat, tremblingly said to Hua Yuan. "If you know you are guilty, you should go back. Escape is not the way." Hua Yuan said with a good attitude, "You have to trust the country and the government, at least you should trust me. I will definitely give you a fair verdict." Yushi and the others shook their heads together.Hua Yuan also stopped persuading, and immediately boarded the car and left.Hua Yuan walked so swiftly, Yu Shi and the others thought it was a bit unbelievable, why?This is not Hua Yuan's style!He should at least try to persuade him for half an hour, if it really doesn't work, he should go back helplessly!

Yufu was the first to react. He said: "We didn't follow Hua Yuan's advice this time, and it will be impossible to go back in the future. Hua Yuan's eyes are erratic, and his words are so blunt, I'm afraid he already has other ideas in his heart." Yes. If he didn’t really want us to go back, he must be rushing to go back now.” The five people hurriedly climbed a hill and looked from a distance, it’s a disaster!I saw a light vehicle moving rapidly on the plain, and the smoke and dust along the way soon turned into a small black spot. Xiang Dai was so shocked that he couldn't close his mouth from ear to ear, and asked, "Master You...what do you want?" "Something's wrong." Yu Fu said, "Let's follow him and have a look." So the five people drove the carriage and followed Hua Yuan's carriage until the gate of Shangqiu.After Huayuan entered the city, the city gates of Shangqiu were immediately closed, and all the soldiers defending the city climbed onto the city walls, and the moat that was originally dry was also filled with water. This formation was clearly to prevent the Huan people from attacking Shangqiu!Moreover, judging from the swiftness of their actions, it can only be said that Hua Yuan was already prepared to keep them out. Yu Shi smiled wryly: "Well, you Hua Yuan, people say you are loyal, but I never thought you would be smarter than a thief by playing tricks!" Yufu sneered: "It's no wonder. At first you asked him to come back, he immediately agreed, just put forward conditions; now he invites us to go back, we have to be coy. Now it's all right, we really can't go back." Xiang Dai's eyes widened: "Then what should we do?" "What else can we do?" Yu Fu sighed, "He has already prepared, so can we still attack hard?" When the five of them gathered together, the clansmen on the shore of Sui River couldn't care less, and drove straight to the state of Chu in a carriage.Later generations commented on the actions of Yushi and others, and believed that their actions were very unwise. The correct approach is: 1. Before inviting Hua Yuan back, arrest and punish Dangze and draw a clear line; 2. Take a step back and say, If the first point cannot be achieved, then after Hua Yuan returns and kills Dangze, he will be imprisoned in the government and ask for leniency; third, if the above two points cannot be achieved, there is no need to move his family to Sui. On the shore of the water, you can directly rebel.To say a thousand words and ten thousand words is still the same sentence: Escape is not the way.Another digression, reading history is a very interesting thing, and reading the evaluation of history by later generations is even more interesting, because the wisdom and cunning of the Chinese are all written in those vertical words . Now that Yu Shi and others fled to Chu State, Hua Yuan let go to revive the court, made the son Cheng (Song Pinggong) the king, and appointed Xiang Xu as the left teacher, the old assistant as the Sima, and Le Yi as the Sikou. Several people worked together , Gradually stabilize the situation in Song State. After signing a peace treaty with Chu State and obtaining the land of Ruyin ceded by Chu State and the old land of Xu State, the people of Zheng State suddenly got carried away and their self-confidence swelled.In the summer of 575 BC, Zheng Chenggong sent his son Xi to lead troops to invade the Song State, but was defeated by the Song State officials Jiang Fu and Le Fear in Yuebei (yuebei, the place name of the Song State). The Song people obviously underestimated the fighting power of Zheng's army, and after winning the first battle, they relaxed and took no precautions.Gong Zixi seized this opportunity and secretly transferred his troops to Baoling (a place name in the Song Dynasty). He caught the Song army by surprise, turned defeat into victory, and captured Jiang Jia and Le Fear. Under such circumstances, Duke Li of Jin could no longer be at ease, and he ordered Luan Shu to convene a meeting of ministers to discuss countermeasures. At this meeting, Shi Xie said: "If I follow my wishes, I hope that all the princes will betray the Jin State, so that the Jin State may be spared from disaster. If only one Zheng State betrays, Jin State will be in great trouble. " Huh?What does Shi Xie mean by this? Does he want to rebel? Of course not, what he meant was that the political situation in Jin has been in turmoil over the years, and the monarch still doesn’t know how to reflect on himself; if only one Zheng Guo betrays, it’s not enough to wake up the monarch; it’s best if all the princes betray, so that he can understand the situation Seriously, review whether your work is doing badly.In this way, it is possible for the Jin State to work hard to govern and revive the glory of the overlord. What happened in the state of Jin that made Shi Xie so pessimistic?Speaking of it is still related to the "three but".According to "Zuo Zhuan", in the winter of 576 BC, "San Que" spoke ill of Bo Zong in front of Jin Ligong because of a feud with the doctor Bo Zong, and instigated Jin Li Gong to kill Bo Zong and his cronies Luan Fuji, Bozhouli, the son of Bozong, fled to the state of Chu, where he was favored by the king of the Communist Party of Chu and served as the prime minister of the state of Chu. Bozong is a veteran minister deeply trusted by Jin Jinggong, and he has always been known for his intelligence and wisdom.When Jin Jinggong was alive, he would discuss with Bozong every time he encountered a major event and listen to his opinions.Bo Zong is also often proud of this, quite complacent.Once, Bozong returned home with a happy face after going to court.While helping him undress, his wife asked: "You look happy, and you seem to have a happy event. Why don't you tell me?" , very much like the father of Fu Yang, who first went to court." His wife stopped what she was doing, and said solemnly: "Father Yang Chu is flashy and outspoken, so he brought himself a fatal disaster. What's so happy about being like him?" Bo Zong was very disapproving, and said, "I will ask you another day." A few doctors come to drink at home, you listen to it and then talk.” Later, he found an opportunity and invited several doctors to his home, bragging while drinking.After the banquet, his wife commented: "Those people's knowledge is indeed far worse than yours. However, people will not tolerate other people's talents above their own for a long time. If this continues, disasters will come to you sooner or later. !” Advise him to express less opinions in court, and not to offend people because of eloquence. It can be seen from this story that Bo Zong is a person with high IQ but mediocre EQ.But in any case, Bo Zong did not commit any mistakes, and had made great contributions to the state of Jin.Duke Li of Jin sentenced such an old minister to death based on his one-sided remarks of "Three Ques", which aroused resentment in the court.Han Jue once said: "The Que family may be in trouble too! Kind people are the rulers of heaven and earth, but the Que family has repeatedly framed good people. The Que family will not perish, and the laws of heaven cannot tolerate it!" At the state affairs meeting, after Shi Xie fired the first shot, Que Qi and Que Zhi's faces became ugly, and the officials discussed it a lot.Shi Xie went on to fire the cannon: "I heard that the ruler of the country uses punishments to discipline the people. Only when the country is stable can he show force to the outside world. The actual situation now is that the officials of our state of Jin have used too many punishments on the common people. Queqiu did not commit any crime against the noble ministers. There is no need to use punishment in the country, so why use punishment to punish Zheng Guo? The people have complaints about our internal affairs, so naturally they do not support this war. Even if we win, it is a fluke. If we manage the country with a mentality, there must be internal troubles, which are more serious than external troubles, and that is the real disaster. Why not let Zheng Guo and Chu be spared for the time being, and let them be the foreign troubles that make us always vigilant?" After hearing Shi Xie's words, everyone looked at each other in blank dismay.Shi Xie continued: "Now everyone thinks that we have a chance of winning the war against Zheng and Chu. Yes, we are very likely to win this battle. But what happens next? Our monarch will show off War exploits, relaxing cultural education, increasing the taxation of the people, used to improve the treatment of favored ministers, and giving land to the women you like. Everyone, please use your brains to think about it. Land is limited. If you don’t seize your land, how can you How will you reward those people? How many of you will be willing to be deprived of your land when the time comes? Winning will disrupt the normal ownership relationship of land in the Jin Kingdom, and will ultimately harm you all!" Luan Shu said: "Your words are shocking. But in any case, Jin cannot lose the support of the princes in the hands of us. We must crusade against Zheng!" From the list of leaders of the Fourth Army of the Jin Dynasty at that time, we can see the strength of the "three forces": Luan Shu, Marshal of the Central Army, Shi Xie, Deputy Marshal of the Central Army; Que Qi, Marshal of the Upper Army, Xun Yan, Deputy Marshal of the Upper Army; Xun Yu, the deputy commander of the next army; Que Ji, the marshal of the new army, and the deputy commander of the new army arrived. The "Three Ques" were all included in the Eight Qings, and the Que family ushered in its heyday. After deciding to send troops, the state of Jin sent envoys to the allies to ask for troops to help.Basically all the four armies of the Jin Dynasty were dispatched, leaving only some of the troops led by Xun Yu to stay in the country. When Zheng Guoren heard the news, he immediately sent envoys to Yingdu to report the news.The king of the Communist Party of Chu personally led the army to rescue Zheng Guo, and set up a formation of the left, middle and right armies, namely: the middle army led by Sima Gongzi, the left army led by Yingqi, the son of Yin Yin, and the right army led by Renfu, the right Yin son. military. When the army passed through Shen County, the son took the time to visit Uncle Shen who was nursing at home, and asked him for his views on the war.Uncle Shen scratched his head and said, "I, an old man, don't know anything about war! If you want me to say it, then I will say a few words. I heard that adhering to noble morals, fair criminal law, correct attitude towards God, and justice The six principles of the reason for joining the army, proper etiquette, and honesty and trustworthiness are the basic prerequisites for winning the war. Now Chu State does not revise its internal affairs, cuts off friendly relations with the outside world, and abandons the peace covenant with Jin State. The life and death of the people, and the rush to send troops in the busy season of spring plowing and farming. The common people don't know what credit is. If you listen, I'm afraid I'll never see you again!" Not only Uncle Shen saw that the Chu army's trip was unfavorable, but even Yao Gouer, the envoy sent by Zheng Guo to Chu to rescue soldiers, also found something wrong. He returned to Zheng Guo before the Chu army, and reported to the son : "The Chu army moved very quickly, but when passing through dangerous areas, the team was scattered and not orderly at all. This is a sign of insufficient preparation and low fighting spirit. I am afraid that Chu State will not be reliable this time."