Chapter 23 A knife on the head of the color character

Zhao Wu is obviously old.The orphan of the Zhao family, who was destroyed by the disaster since he was a child, has always been devoted to helping the Jin Dynasty government whose power is gradually falling, and at the same time calling for the peace of the world with an untimely loyalty.Maybe these things consumed him too much energy, so that before he was fifty years old, he was already showing his old age, and his speech and behavior made people feel more and more desolate with withered vegetation. In May 541 BC, Prince Zhen of Qin State came to Jin State. Gong Zizhen is the younger brother of Qin Jinggong, who was favored by his father Qin Huan since childhood, and his status in Qin State is extraordinary, even to the point of "like two kings like Jing", that is, he and Qin Jinggong are like two kings.

It is conceivable that Qin Jinggong is very dissatisfied with this younger brother.This point, their mother also saw it.But this woman's wisdom is really limited. She didn't think of a way to make Young Master Zhen adjust her position and strive for harmony between brothers, but simply warned Young Master Zhen: "Don't leave Qin easily, as long as you leave, I'm afraid you won't be able to return. Here we come." It was as if he didn't say anything.Feeling that Qin Jinggong was more and more likely to do something to him, Young Master Zhen took precautions and left the capital Yongcheng without saying a word, and went to Jin to seek political asylum.

It's hard to say whether Gongzizhen is fleeing or traveling.According to "Zuo Zhuan", when Prince Zhen traveled from Jin to Qin, he took away 1,000 chariots.He hosted a banquet in honor of Jin Pinggong as a guest, lined up boats in the Yellow River as pontoons, parked a batch of vehicles every ten miles, and sent people back to China to pick up the dedicated gifts, as many as eight times!Sima Hou, a doctor of Jin State, jokingly asked: "Your vehicles are only so small?" Gongzi Zhen replied honestly, "It's because there are too many vehicles. Otherwise, why would I have to go to Jin State to see you?" Yo!"

Zhao Wu, who had just returned from the Guo Zhihui, met Gong Zizhen and asked him, "When do you plan to return to China?" Prince Zhen replied: "I am afraid of the king's punishment, so I fled here. I can't go back for a while. I'm afraid I have to wait until the next king comes to the throne." "Oh?" Zhao Wu asked curiously again, "What kind of person is Uncle Qin?" "It's a foolish king." "Even you say that he has no way. Could it be that Qin is about to perish?" "How is it possible? Even if a king is innocent, the fate of the country has not been cut off. A country exists between heaven and earth, and there must be a reason for its existence. If it has not been for several generations of kings who have been licentious and innocent, how could it be easily destroyed?"

"What about him, then? Is he going to die soon?" "Hmm." Young Master Zhen suddenly realized that the number one powerful figure in the Jin Kingdom in front of him was really chattering, like a little old man in the countryside. "How long do you think he will live?" "This... I heard that the country has a good harvest due to its injustice. This is God's blessing for him. It is estimated that it will be within the past five years." "I see." Zhao Wu's eyes became blurred.It was dusk, the sun was setting, he looked at the long shadows cast by the big trees in the yard, half talking to himself, half saying to Mr. Zhen, "Morning and evening are completely different scenery, what do you say?" How long is five years?"

Prince Zhen came out and said to his attendants: "This old gentleman is about to die. As the chief minister of Jin, he is wasting his time and impatient at the same time. How long can he live?" The fate of Qin State did not decline because of Qin Jinggong's "no way", and the fate of Jin State did not decline sharply because of Zhao Wu's premature decline.In the summer of this year, under the leadership of Xun Wu, the Jin army defeated the Di tribe in Dayuan (place name). Before the war, General Wei Shu of the Jin Army suggested to Xun Wu: "The Di people all use infantry, and our army still uses chariots as the main force, and the terrain in front of us is very dangerous, which is not conducive to driving. In my opinion, it is better to fight The rooks were thrown out of use and fully converted into infantry, starting with my troops."

Don't underestimate this passage, it brought about a major military change in the Spring and Autumn Period.As mentioned earlier, in the early Spring and Autumn period, the armies of the countries in the Central Plains used chariots as the main force. A chariot was equipped with three soldiers, followed by seventy-two infantry.Generally speaking, armored soldiers are served by "soldiers" or urban civilians, while infantry soldiers are mostly composed of peasants. The former is far higher than the latter in terms of training level and combat enthusiasm.Therefore, the number and quality of chariots often determine the combat effectiveness of the army.But as time goes by, people continue to sum up experience in the war, and more and more discover the importance of infantry. The chariots were switched to foot combat, which greatly enhanced the combat effectiveness of the infantry.

Wei Shu went further, and his plan was to abandon chariots entirely and create a purely infantry force.This was undoubtedly a blockbuster at the time, and it caused a strong rebound from the soldiers who were originally serving as chariot soldiers.After Xun Wu adopted Wei Shu's suggestion, some of his retainers publicly expressed their opposition and refused to get off the chariot and become an infantry soldier. The countermeasure Xun Wu took to this was to arrest those retainers and behead them for public display.Under such a strong impetus, the Jin army quickly completed the reorganization, with "wu" as the unit, and 15 soldiers in every five chariots were formed into three "wu".To match it, Wei Shu also changed the original five chariot formations into infantry formations, forming the earliest infantry phalanx in Chinese history: 3,800 people as the forward, 9,000 as the rear, and 6,000 as the right wing , 2,200 were left-wingers, and 1,800 were guerrillas.

When the war started, the Jin army's guerrilla troops approached the Di army first.When Di Ren saw it, there was a big misunderstanding—according to past experience, the forwards of the Jin army must be hundreds of chariots, shaking the sky; the sparse one or two thousand people in front of them, I don't know where they came from. The rangers who got up were scattered.Just as the Di people were whispering and laughing at the Jin army, something unexpected happened.I saw these infantrymen suddenly brandishing their swords and rushing over with shouts.Many Di people had already moved their heads before they could react.The guerrilla troops of the Jin army quickly infiltrated, preventing the Di people from forming a formation, while the forward rushed up to expand the victory, while the left and right wings outflanked.In less than an hour, Di Ren was defeated across the board, and the guards of the Jin army also joined the massacre in due course.The Jin army won a complete victory.

The Battle of Dayuan was a major victory for the Jin State after many years of military silence. Its significance lies in: First, it proves that Jin State is still a military power. Although it has not competed with Chu State and Qi State in the Central Plains battlefield over the years, it has not sent swords and guns to Kuma to Nanshan, and the combat effectiveness of the army is still very impressive; Second, it opened the prelude to the replacement of chariots by infantry. Since then, countries have followed suit, and chariots, which have played the leading role on the battlefield in the Central Plains for nearly a thousand years, have gradually faded out of the historical stage.

When the news of the victory reached Xintian, the people of Jin cheered and celebrated all night long.Zheng Zichan, the ruler of the state of Zheng, also came to Xintian without losing the opportunity. On the one hand, he congratulated the victory of the state of Jin, and on the other hand, he visited Jin Pinggong. According to the news from the Jin Palace, Jin Pinggong's body is not in good health. Although he sought famous doctors, he still couldn't find the exact cause of the disease.After Zichan paid his respects to Duke Ping of Jin, Uncle Xiang went to the hotel to visit Zichan again, and said, "People all over the world praise you for your knowledge, so I came here to ask you for advice. The fortune-teller said yes to your illness. Shi Shen and Tai Tai (tai) make mischief', but no one knows what kind of gods they are, and fortune tellers themselves don't know much about it, do you know?" "I know a little bit about it." Zichan said, "In ancient times, the Gaoxin clan had two sons, the older one was named Yanbo, and the younger one was named Shichen. They lived in a big forest, but they couldn't live in harmony, and they often went to war. Later, Yao thought it was not good, so in order to prevent their brothers from killing each other, he simply moved Yanbo to Shangqiu and ordered him to preside over the sacrifice of Shangxing (the heart of the twenty-eight mansions, namely Scorpio). Moved to Daxia (place name, today's Taiyuan City), let him preside over the sacrifice of Canxing (Orion), and use the Canxing to determine the season. The ancient Tang people followed the Shichen chronology and served Xia from generation to generation. King Wu of Zhou married Jiang Taigong's daughter as his wife, which was called Yi Jiang in history. Yi Jiang was pregnant once, and dreamed that the Emperor of Heaven said to her: "I named your son Yu, I plan to give him the Tang Kingdom, let him sacrifice to Shen Xing, and multiply his offspring greatly.' When the child was born, there was a word "Yu" in the palm of his hand, so he really named it "Yu", which is the name of King Cheng of Zhou. Brother Shuyu." Shu Xiang nodded: "This Shu Yu is naturally the ancestor of my Jin Kingdom." "That's right. Later, when King Cheng of Zhou destroyed the Tang Kingdom, he entrusted the Tang Kingdom to Shuyu. After Shuyu's death, his son Xiefu inherited the throne and was renamed the Marquis of Jin by the Zhou royal family. Therefore, Shenxing is The stars of the Jin Kingdom, and Shichen is the god of the stars." "Where's that horse?" Shu Xiang listened with gusto. "Tai Tai also has to start from ancient times. Huangdi's son, Jin Tianshi, has a descendant named Mo, who served as Master Xuanming (Minister of Water Resources). Tai Tai is the son of Mo. He inherited Mo's career and dredged In the Fen and Tao river basins, the dikes were reinforced so that the people of Dayuan could live and work in peace and contentment. At that time, the emperor Zhuanxu appreciated Taitai and entrusted Fenchuan to him. From this we can see that Taitai is the god of Fenshui.” Hearing Zichan's eloquent and eloquent explanation of the origins of Shi Shen and Tai Tai, Shu Xiang's eyes clearly showed admiration.It is rare to be erudite and knowledgeable, and what is even more rare is that Zichan knows the historical legends related to the state of Jin like the palm of his hand, which makes him, a native of the state of Jin, feel ashamed. "However, if we talk about the mischief of the gods, Shi Shen and Tai Tai will not involve the Marquis of Jin. Generally speaking, the mischief of the gods of mountains and rivers manifests itself in disasters such as drought, flood and plague; the mischief of the gods of the sun and the moon manifests itself in Because the wind, frost, rain and snow are not in season. As for the illness of the Marquis of Jin, I think it is mainly caused by improper work and rest, unhealthy diet, and emotional instability. What does it have to do with the gods of the sun, moon, mountains and rivers? I heard that a gentleman moves with the seasons In the morning, when you are refreshed, you can use it to listen to political affairs; when you are energetic during the day, you can use it for investigation and research; in the evening, you can think clearly and use it to determine government orders; Qi, don’t let it become congested and not smooth, so that the body is weak, the mind is restless, and the actions are inexhaustible.” "It makes sense!" Zichan's way of keeping in good health made Shu Xiang feel refreshed. "If I'm not mistaken, the Marquis of Jin is now using his essence, energy, and spirit on one thing, so he's sick." Zichan hesitated for a moment when he said this, "Since ancient times, monarchs cannot marry people with the same surname. The concubine's daughter is a concubine, because the marriage of close relatives will lead to poor prosperity. Zhou Li also has clear regulations on this-if you don't know her surname when buying a concubine, you must first divine her luck. But I heard that in the palace of the Marquis of Jin, there is The four concubines surnamed Ji, who are deeply loved, waited on the Marquis of Jin every day and night, exhausting his energy. This must be the main reason for his illness! If he can rein in the precipice, let these four concubines If you get out of the palace, things can still be saved, otherwise it will be dangerous." Uncle Xiang was dumbfounded when he heard this, and it took him a long time to say: "You are so right. I have never heard of these things. It was only understood by you!" He returned to the palace and told Zichan's words in detail When he told Jin Pinggong, Jin Pinggong was also stunned for a while, and said: "Zichan is really a gentleman with profound knowledge." He ordered to reward Zichan with a large sum of money. Because his condition was getting worse and worse, Jin Pinggong sent people to Qin State to seek medical treatment, and Qin Jinggong sent his own imperial doctor, Doctor He, to Jin State.After a careful examination and questioning of Jin Pinggong, Yihe came to a conclusion: "This disease is incurable. Because you are close to women and have excessive sexual intercourse, you have suffered from the so-called Gu disease. This is not due to ghosts and gods. It's not because of unclean diet, but because you are bewitched by women and lose your will. Suffering from this disease is like losing a good minister of the country, and God can't save you." Duke Jin Ping blushed, and retorted, "According to what you mean, women are not allowed to get close?" "Look at what you said!" Yihe said with a smile, "you must be restrained in everything you do. Although the affairs of men and women are very happy, you must also be restrained. The former king created music to control everything, so there are palaces, merchants , Jiao, Zheng, Yu five tones, harmonize to get beautiful music, and then fall to silence. If all five tones are down, you can’t play it again. If you must do the opposite, it will inevitably produce complicated techniques and promiscuous sounds , make people feel in a trance, and they will forget the original meaning of music that makes people calm. Gentlemen don’t listen to such music. Everything is the same as music. Once it is overdone, you must stop quickly, otherwise you will get sick. Gentlemen get close Female sex is a very normal thing, but you must be polite so as not to get into trouble. There are six climates in the sky: yin and yang, wind and rain, and dark and bright, which are derived from five tastes: pungent, sour, salty, bitter, and sweet. The five colors of green, black, red, and yellow are fulfilled as the five sounds of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng, and Feather. If these things are excessive, it will cause cold, heat, hand and foot disease, abdominal disease, and insanity. 1. Six diseases of mind confusion. If you indulge too much at night, you will suffer from the disease of internal heat and bewitchment. Now you have a woman regardless of day and night, can you not get sick?" In this passage of Yihe, the theory of intercourse is based on the sky, and the doctrine of the golden mean has been implemented from beginning to end, which can be described as stable.Some of his views, such as having sex only at night, are of course ridiculous now.However, all things should be restrained, grasp the rhythm, and not go to extremes, no matter for individuals or society, it is good advice. Yihe came out of Jin Pinggong's palace and met Zhao Wu head-on.Yihe reported the situation to Zhao Wu, and Zhao Wu asked a question: "You said that the good minister of the country is about to die, who is the good minister?" "It goes without saying, of course it is you." Yihe said without hesitation, "You have ruled the Jin Kingdom for eight years. The country has not been in turmoil, and the princes of the alliance have not been lost. You are not a good minister. Who is a good minister? As an important minister of the country, enjoying the favor of the monarch, and taking charge of the country's major affairs, if a disaster occurs and you do nothing, you will definitely be punished. Now the monarch is sick because of adultery, but you can't stop it. Is there any greater dereliction of duty than this?" Zhao Wu thought to himself, this is really bad luck, the leader indulges in female sex day and night, how can the subordinate control it?Speaking of being punished, the subordinates have a share, and the job of the chief executive cannot be done.After thinking about it, he asked again: "Then what's the matter with the Gu disease you mentioned?" "Indulging in fornication and being unable to extricate oneself is a Gu disease. Literally speaking, insects in a vessel are Gu, and flying insects in rice are also Gu. In "Book of Changes", women confuse men, and the wind falling down the mountain is also called Gu. You Understand?" The Gu hexagram in "Book of Changes", the upper Gen and the lower Sunda.Gen is the mountain and Sunda is the wind, so it is called "Mountain Wind Gu".According to the theory of Houtian gossip, Gen also represents the young man, and Xun represents the eldest daughter. According to the ancients, a young man and an eldest daughter are mismatched, so it is called bewitching.Zhao Wu was completely convinced by Yihe's theory, and exclaimed: "What a good doctor!" So he rewarded Yihe with a sum of money and sent someone to escort him back to the country. In December of the same year, Zhao Wu left Xintian and went to Nanyang to worship his ancestor Zhao Shuai.During the sacrificial trip, Zhao Wu asked his uncle who accompanied him a question: "If those who have died can come back to life, who do you think I would rather work with?" Uncle Xiang said: "Probably Yangzi!"——Yangzi is Yang Chufu, an important minister during Jin Xianggong's reign, as mentioned in the previous chapter, so I won't repeat it here.It is worth mentioning that Chufu Yang is Zhao Shuai's confidant. In the "Fox and Zhao Controversy", Chufu Yang went into battle with bare arms and made great contributions to the Zhao family's control of the power of Jin. "Yangzi is famous in the state of Jin for his incorruptibility and integrity, but he can't save himself from disasters. His wisdom is not worthy of praise." Zhao Wu shook his head, denying this person. "Then what about Hu Yan?" "Hu Yan disregards his own monarch when he sees a profit. His benevolence and righteousness are not worthy of praise." Zhao Wu said that when Duke Wen of Jin returned to cross the Yellow River, Hu Yan threw Bi into the river and forced Duke Wen of Jin to criticize him with a soft knife. The story of the oath of the river. "I think it's better to get along with Wuzi." At last Zhao Wu gave the answer himself, "This person is good at listening to good opinions and never forgets to give them, talks about his own merits and never forgets his friends, serves the king and never forgets his friends We don’t form cliques, and we don’t flatter ourselves.” Suiwuzi is a scholar society. "Sui" is one of the fiefdoms of the Shi family, and "Wu" is the posthumous title of the Shihui after death. Just a few days after this conversation, Zhao Wu really got his wish and met the people he wanted to see, but it wasn't those people who came back to life, but Zhao Wu went by himself.According to "Zuo Zhuan" records: On December 7, 540 BC, Zhao Wu died in Wendi.Upon receiving the news, Zheng Jiangong was the first to go to Jin to express his condolences, but he was politely persuaded by the people of Jin to go back before he arrived in Wendi.The reason is very simple. According to the rules of Zhou Li, even if the princes died, they would not bother to leave the princes to express their condolences in person, let alone the death of Doctor Qing?It seems that Zheng Jiangong has become addicted to condolences since he attended the funeral of King Chukang in Chu State. Looking back at the history of the Jin State, since Duke Wen of Jin took over the hegemony, the regime has been successively held by the Hu, Zhao, Shi, Xun, and Que families in turn.Among them, the Fox family and the Que family have become a thing of the past in the political struggle, while the Zhao family miraculously survived even though it was once in jeopardy, and achieved revival under the hands of the "Orphan of the Zhao family".As Yihe said, during Zhao Wu's eight years in power, the state of Jin was peaceful and the people were peaceful, harmonious inside and outside, and even peacefully coexisted with the state of Chu.In the chaotic Spring and Autumn Period, it is not easy to achieve such an achievement. However, not everyone agrees with Zhao Wu.A scholar named Jiang Bingzhang in the Qing Dynasty commented on Zhao Wu in this way: Judging from historical records, Zhao Wu's achievements were only to reduce the tribute burden of the princes, and to treat envoys from various countries with courtesy is not satisfactory.The most immoral thing Zhao Wu has ever done was arresting Wei Xiangong and Mi Bing Hui Meng for Sun Lin's father.Needless to say, being a minister and ruling the emperor, many people in the Mibing League think it is a credit. This is really a big mistake! Hey, is it wrong to turn hostility into friendship and advocate world peace?The answer is yes.In Jiang Bingzhang's view, the elimination of the military alliance is "greedy for less security, and the disaster of the country's subjugation."There are eight major crimes: first, after the military alliance, the state of Jin lost its hegemony for many years; It has increased; third, mobilize the princes of the world to worship the king of Chu, and serve as a minion for the tiger; fourth, in the name of eliminating soldiers, stop interfering in the internal affairs and foreign affairs of the princes, and turn a blind eye to those things that use ministers to kill kings and bully the weak with the strong. On the contrary, it gave Chu the opportunity to speak up for justice; fifth, due to the absence of external war pressure, Duke Ping of Jin was idle and indulged in lust; Abolish the use of chariots, there are 4,000 heavy chariots empty, but there is no soldier to drive, all of them have become infantry, and the military equipment is slack; eighth, such a major military reform, the monarch is not allowed to participate, and the division of Jin has been buried here. Foreshadowing. "Therefore, the alliance with the military forces was the harbinger of the demise of the Jin State, and Zhao Wu's so-called virtuous talents are probably nothing more than that." Jiang Bingzhang finally commented. In a sense, Jiang Laojiao was right.From ancient times to the present, the reason for the existence of all powerful countries is to have a terrible enemy.Once this terrible enemy is no longer an enemy, great power will crumble from within.Don't you see, when the mighty Soviet Union collapsed, many old and young people who worried about foreigners couldn't help feeling sad: This is the result of ending the Cold War and pursuing the so-called world peace! Whether to praise Zhao Wu or criticize Zhao Wu, or whether to praise Gorbachev or criticize Gorbachev, depends on whether the person's head cares more about doctrine or the value of life.