Chapter 32 4. Queen Volt Incident

Now talk about the Empress Fu incident mentioned earlier. Except for the book "Xiandi Chunqiu", it is generally believed that the Empress Fu incident occurred in November of the 19th year of Jian'an (214), when a letter written many years ago by the wife of Xiandi Liu Xie and the current empress Fushou was discovered .In this letter, Empress Fu expressed her extreme dissatisfaction with Cao Cao in fierce language, and asked her father, Fu Wan, who was the captain of Tunqi at the time, to try to get rid of Cao Cao. This letter undoubtedly stirred up huge waves in the political arena. In the Dong Cheng incident more than ten years ago, a noble person beside Emperor Xian was killed, but compared with this incident, the influence is far worse.As the reigning queen, Fushou's status is theoretically equal to that of the emperor, and if something happened to her, it would cause even greater shocks.

Fushou is thirty-five years old this year, one year older than the Son of Heaven. She is from Dongwu County (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province), Langye County, Yuzhou Governor's Department.The Fu family in Dongwu County is a family of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty.Fu Shou's father, Fu Wan, was the eighth grandson of the former Da Situ Fu Zhan. According to history books, he was "profound and magnanimous", and had a hereditary title. Later, he married Liu Hua, Princess Yang'an, the daughter of Emperor Huan Liu Zhi, and became a The son-in-law of Emperor Huan. According to the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", Fushou entered the palace in the first year of Chuping (190) and was named a nobleman at that time.Some people expressed doubts about this, because she was not yet eleven years old at this time, and Emperor Xian was even less than ten years old, which is a bit unreliable.More clearly, in the second year of Xingping (195), when she was sixteen years old, she was established as a queen.

There is a record in "Supplements of Relics" written by Wang Jia, a native of Jin Dynasty, that he was chased by Li's army during the process of Emperor Xian's return to the east, and the people around him fled in all directions, except for a few people such as Empress Fu.They were forced to a river, Emperor Xian was frightened and did not dare to cross the river, the sixteen-year-old Queen Fu waded across the river with fifteen-year-old Emperor Xian on her back, and when they reached the other side of the river, they encountered rioters slashing with knives. Empress Fu climbed onto Emperor Xian and shouted: "This is Your Majesty Long Live!" Only then did Emperor Xian escape from death.Emperor Xian was injured on his foot, Empress Fu tore off his clothes to wipe the blood and bandage the wound for him.

Empress Fu and Emperor Xian were also a couple in distress. They experienced military chaos, famine and fleeing, and they gradually stabilized in Xu County.Fu Wan was worshiped as a general of the auxiliary country and enjoyed the treatment of the three princes (Yibi Sansi), but compared with Dong Guiren's father, Dong Cheng, he had no real power in his hands, so he avoided Dong Cheng's end.Fu Wan was very clear about his situation, so he offered to resign from the military and was changed to Zhongsan doctor, and later changed to Tunqi Xiaowei. Colonel Tunqi is the commander of one of the five battalions of the Northern Army. He was originally an important role, but at this time, the defense work in Xu County is in charge of the direct troops sent by Cao Cao. .

Empress Fu may have witnessed the Dong Cheng incident with her own eyes, especially Dong Guiren was still killed while pregnant, which greatly stimulated her.In fear and resentment, she wrote a secret letter to her father, enumerating Cao Cao's deeds, and her words were very fierce (Emperor Yun said that Dong Cheng was punished and resented the public, and the words were very ugly), asking her father to find a way to get rid of Cao Cao ( Later, I was afraid, so I finished the book with my father, saying that Cao Cao was cruel and forced, and ordered the secret map). Fu Wan is a rational person. He doesn't think that he can do things that Dong Cheng can't handle, so after receiving his daughter's letter, he dare not say anything, and he dare not take any action (Wan dare not send it).Fu Wan passed away in the fourteenth year of Jian'an (209), but the secret has not been revealed. According to the relevant system, his hereditary title of Marquis of Buqi was inherited by his son Fu Dian.

Ordinarily, the matter of Fu Wan's death would be taken to the grave, as long as Queen Fu didn't tell it, no one would know.However, in the nineteenth year of Jian'an (214), the letter written by Empress Fu mysteriously entered Cao Cao's hands, and Cao Cao was furious. Although it was an old case, Cao Cao decided to fight back with thunder.According to the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", Cao Cao forced Emperor Xian to issue an edict to abolish the queen.The imperial edict said: "Empress Fushou was born in a humble family, ascended to the position of honor and lived in the harem. She has no virtuous virtues or talents, but secretly harbors jealous thoughts and harbors evil intentions. She cannot inherit the fate and serve her ancestors."

Cao Cao ordered the Yushi doctor Xixi to take the emperor's token and imperial edict to the harem to announce the decision to Fushou, confiscated Fushou's seal and ribbon, and forcibly moved her out of the central palace to live in another palace (make the Yushi doctor Xi Concerned about holding the imperial edict, on which the queen's seal is attached, retreated to the central palace, and moved to another hall). "Cao Man Biography" added relevant details, saying that Cao Cao also sent the new Shang Shu Ling Hua Xin as Xi Ji's deputy, leading troops directly into the palace to search for Empress Fu.Empress Fu was hiding in the wall at that time, Hua Xin smashed open the wall and got Empress Fu out (later she closed her house and hid in the wall. Xin broke the door and got out of the wall, leading her back).

At this time, Emperor Xian was sitting and talking with Xi Ji, when Empress Fu was pulled over with disheveled hair and bare feet (later she was sent to the ground), she grabbed Emperor Xian's hand and said, "Can't you find a way to keep me from dying?" (The emperor held his hand and said: "You can't revive the evil")?" Emperor Xian must also be sad and indignant, he said: "I don't know how long I will live (I don't know when my fate will be)." Emperor Xian turned to Xi Xi and said: "Xi Gong, is there such a thing in the world?" Is it something (Ningyou in the world is evil)?"

Regarding the final outcome of Empress Fu, the records in "Hou Han Shu", "Three Kingdoms" and "Cao Man Biography" are slightly different.According to the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", Empress Fu was imprisoned in a prison in the palace, and finally confined to death (then she was sent to the violence room to collapse).The two princes born to Empress Fu and Emperor Xian were also killed by poison. More than 100 males of the Fu family were killed, and 19 females were exiled to the Zhuo Autonomous Region of the Governor's Department of Youzhou. county. "Three Kingdoms" is the same as this record, saying that Queen Fu was deposed and died after being deposed, and all the men in the family were killed (after deposed to death, all brothers were under the law).

According to the "Cao Man Biography", Empress Fu was killed directly, and hundreds of people from her family were killed. "Cao Man Biography" even said that Fu Wan was also killed in this incident (so he was killed later, and hundreds of people died in Wan and the clan).In comparison, the records in "Hanshu" and "Three Kingdoms" are more credible. Cao Cao, who is known to be tolerant, handled this incident quite severely. This is not because he was bolder in dealing with the relationship with the emperor after Xun's death, but because of his consistent attitude towards such incidents.He was also so decisive when dealing with the Dong Cheng incident more than ten years ago, even more cruel, even the pregnant Dong Guiren was not spared.

In Cao Cao's view, he could accept surrendering generals on the battlefield and forgive those who had betrayed him, but he could not tolerate people plotting by his side. Through the Empress Fu incident, Cao Cao once again expressed his political appeal to the world, that is, he will not make any concessions when it comes to political issues and political issues. Whether it is the emperor or the empress, anyone who challenges him politically, will be hit mercilessly. There is another interpretation that Cao Cao's move is to clear the way for his daughter to become a queen, because just one year ago, in July of the eighteenth year of Jian'an (213), Cao Cao had three daughters who were simultaneously named nobles. . According to the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", the three daughters were named Cao Xian, Cao Jie and Cao Hua respectively.Cao Cao had twenty-five sons. According to the roughly equal ratio of male and female births, he also had at least ten or twenty daughters, but only these three left their names. Others who know their names include Princess Qinghe and Jinxiang. Princesses, Princess Anyang, Princess Gaocheng, etc. Among them, Princess Qinghe is the eldest daughter of Cao Cao and married Xiahou, the son of Xiahou, Princess Anyang married Xun Yun, the son of Xun, and Princess Jinxiang married He Yan, the adopted son of Cao Cao. According to the records of "Three Kingdoms", except for Cao Xian who is older, Cao Jie and Cao Hua are still young and stay at home temporarily (the young ones will stay in the country).In the spring of the next year, Emperor Xian sent Taichang Qing Wang Yi and Zong Zhengqing Liu Ai Chijie to the Duke of Wei to welcome the other two daughters into the palace. "Xiandi Daily Life Notes" records this process in detail: Wang Yi, Liu Ai and his party also included five deputy (five intermediaries), as well as two servants each of Huangmen, Ye Tingcheng, and Zhongchang. Silk horses" and other betrothal gifts came to Wei Gongguo to welcome them, and awarded the seals and ribbons to the two nobles in front of Wei Gong's ancestral temple, and then the two nobles went to Yanqiu Gate in Ye County to say goodbye to their father Cao Cao, and boarded the carriage here door, welcome the nobleman to lift the car).Cao Cao sent Lang Zhongling, Shaofu, Doctor, Yufucheng, Huangshangling and relevant personnel from the Prime Minister's Mansion to escort the nobleman.That month, the two nobles arrived at Weicang near Xu County. According to the "Shui Jing Zhu" records, there is a river called Weishui in the east of Xu County, and a grain storage base was built here when Xu went to farm in Zaozhi year, that is, Weicang City.According to the textual research in Gu Zuyu's Minutes of Reading History and Fangyu in the Qing Dynasty, there was a high-end hotel (Zi Pavilion) built by the Weishui River in the eastern suburbs of Xu County, where the two nobles temporarily settled down before entering the palace. Emperor Xian sent people to welcome them into the palace. Xi Xi, who was equivalent to the deputy prime minister (Censor Doctor), and all the senior officials below (Zhong Erqianshi, Jiang, Dafu, Yilang) gathered in the palace to entertain the envoys of the Duke of Wei. Banquet in the hall. Before the Empress Fu incident happened, the three daughters of Cao Cao had just become nobles in the Xu County Palace, so the deposed empress Fu couldn't help but make people think. Is this a well-planned conspiracy?Such a statement must have been discussed by everyone at the time. For these arguments, Cao Cao simply responded directly with actions. The second year after Empress Fu was deposed, that is, the first month of the 20th year of Jian'an (215), he asked Emperor Xian to formally issue an edict to establish Cao Jie as the new empress.Cao Jie is the middle one among the three daughters of Cao Cao who entered the palace. Sima Biao's "Continued Han Shu" once said that Cao Teng's father was called Cao Jie. Many people expressed doubts about this, because Cao Cao's daughter is also called Cao Jie. It is impossible for Cao Cao to give his daughter the same name as her great-grandfather. ? After Dong Cheng's incident, Cao Cao was always worried about Emperor Xian's harem. Emperor Xian, who was in his thirties, was not a peaceful master. If there was another person like Dong Cheng, I don't know what would happen.Anyway, now that his daughter has become a queen, Cao Cao's control over the emperor has taken a step further, and he no longer has to worry about someone in the harem engaging in conspiracies and tricks.