Chapter 5 Chapter 4 Cleaning up and letting go of emotions, what is the end of itself——Emperor Wei Wen's romantic style

Tens of thousands of princes, generals, officials, barbarian rulers, and congratulatory envoys came from all directions under the huge altar in the prosperous sun. The five-color flags representing the five virtues flapped in the wind, the most solemn The sacrifice ceremony: Xuanmu (black bull) is carried up, and people use it to worship the gods of heaven and earth, five mountains, rivers, rivers, Huaihe Rivers, and four waters of Ji; The tall firewood lit a gorgeous flame, and through the flickering of the flame, everyone saw a figure walking towards the end of the high platform.There, a man named Liu Xie was waiting for him, an old dynasty was waiting to be shut down by his own hands, and a new dynasty was also eagerly waiting to be pushed away by his hands.In this solemn atmosphere, this man who is going to the high platform and the peak of power shows a lightness and even frivolity that is not so harmonious with the solemn atmosphere.At first, he still walked in a serious manner, but later he used a small movement that was difficult for the audience to detect: he gently lifted the hem of his robe, and walked at a more brisk pace.Zhao Zhi's assistance enabled me to easily see his face, which should soon be called "Holy Face" or "Dragon Face".The man is thirty-four years old. This is the time when most men pass from stumbling, ignorant youth to mature minds and promising careers. Young dreamers know how to be vigilant and cautious on the road to realizing their dreams, so men of this age often open a cracked "door" in the dark, revealing hopeful and exciting light.However, this man——was somewhat different from others.I know that he has also experienced disappointment, hardship, unwillingness... death, tricks, betrayal, and cliques... But at this moment: when he is about to be promoted from a prince to an emperor, what appears on his face is not the fulfillment of ambition The final satisfaction, ease, or enlightened solemnity, but—actually—the urchin-like pleasure and sarcasm, both of which are quite frank, as if this "Zen ceremony" is just a use of numbers. It was a game played by tens of thousands of people. What he had to do was to give the game a happy ending.

Liu Xie held him the emperor's seal ribbon with both hands, and then tremblingly hesitated whether he should bow down now, he grabbed Liu Xie and said, "No need. Although you are no longer the emperor, but in my day In front of you, you don’t have to kneel down or bow down; when my son was alive, this privilege was still reserved.” A doubt suddenly flashed in my heart, and I pointed at him and asked Zhao Zhi: "Cao Pi was born in the fourth year of Zhongping (AD 187)?" "That's right." "Where is Liu Xie?" "The fourth year of Guanghe (AD 181)." Zhao Zhi raised his eyebrows, "Is it intentional? The birth and death years of the last emperor of the Later Han Dynasty and the founding prime minister of the Shu Han were exactly the same. From the fourth year of Guanghe to the 12th year of Jianxing Year (AD 234), in the state of Wei, this year is the second year of Qinglong."

"Then why did Cao Pi say that?" I questioned, "Facing Liu Xie who is six years older than me, why did Cao Pi promise that his son would treat him well? It's like a premonition..." "Death." Zhao Zhi quickly corrected, "... died young. Zi Huan believed that he would die young when he was still young. He believed that no one can live forever, and no dynasty can really last forever. In this point, he is better than all others. People are more thorough. If a person can see through this point, how can he not manage his life completely according to his own preferences? Writers of history. I know you have already started Zihuan's biography. Don't you have a few words to share? "After these words came out, the towering cloud platform was gone. Forty-three years after I sat with him, the wine we poured when we left was still warm.

"One thing, but I guarantee you will be very disappointed." As I said, I picked out a piece of cocoon paper with a few lines smeared on it and handed it to him: "Emperor Wen Taboo Pi, styled Zihuan, also Prince Wudi. Born in Qiao in the winter of Niannian. In the 16th year of Jian’an, he became the general of the five senses and the deputy prime minister. In the 22nd year, he was established as the crown prince of Wei.” "Haha, I'm really disappointed." Zhao Zhi shook the cocoon paper, "In the first 30 years of a founding emperor, you used more than 30 characters to write?"

"If you have nothing to say, save it." I answered succinctly while drinking my wine. "How can there be such a perfunctory, not even a form. Isn't the beginning of the emperor's biography filled with natural martial arts and auspiciousness?" "It's not necessary." "But you have written such things in the biography of Liu Bei, Cao Cao, and even Sun Quan, whom you despise... Oh," Zhao Zhi clapped his hands, "because I haven't taken you to see Zihuan when you wrote it? Or , are you just expressing dislike to him?" I rolled his eyes at him and didn't bother to say anything.

Zhao Zhi changed his tone, and said, "Zi Huan's biography is hard to write?" "It's hard to say, but easy to say." "how to say?" "The emperor, no matter what he is, there will always be some messy things during his reign. Listing these under his name in chronological order will be a smooth and stable biography-in fact, the main biography of the latter has to be written like this. But it is more difficult to write him as a flesh and blood person..." "Don't you think that Zihuan is a character worthy of description compared with the later master Liu Chan?"

"Indeed." "In your opinion, what is his greatest strength?" He continued to induce. I scratched my head: "What are the advantages...he is an all-rounder. Whether it is literary or military strategy, management of people and government, knowledge of people and the world, or even literary talent, it is fair to say that he has reached a high level. He is really worthy of being the son of Cao Mengde." Zhao Zhi was overjoyed because of this comment, and I immediately poured cold water on him: "But this is also his shortcoming." Zhao Zhi was puzzled: "Isn't it good that the emperor possesses many talents and can look at problems from a broader perspective?"

I imitated his roundabout way of discussion and asked: "Who do you think is the greater emperor Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, or Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty? Don't think about it, use your intuition." "Liu Bang." Zhao Zhi didn't think about it. "This is also the judgment of Ma Yuan, General Fubo of the Eastern Han Dynasty. At that time, Ma Yuan served under the command of the western warlord Kai Xiao, and was ordered to go to the Central Plains to check the situation. He reported that Liu Xiu was very similar to Liu Bang. Kai Xiao asked who was more Stronger, Ma Yuan replied that it was Liu Bang. Kui Xiao didn't understand, and asked: Liu Xiu is both civil and military, proficient in government affairs, doesn't drink alcohol, and lives a temperate life. Liu Bang? Most people in the world don’t understand, like Kai Xiao, that a monarch does not need all-round talents. Because both power and talent can easily make people self-inflated, and the result of double inflation of a talented monarch is that he cannot listen to correct opinions. Liu Bang will not be stubborn, and secondly, he will not listen to one side and believe in another, he has done good things like others, so he is superior to Liu Xiu in terms of career and personal charm."

"Zihuan really doesn't listen to people's persuasion. What you said is like seeing it with your own eyes." Zhao Zhi smiled, "It seems that history is like a nightmare technique." "What's more, Emperor Guangwu's talents are completely used to govern the country, but Cao Pi lacks this sense of responsibility at all." I added endlessly, "His talents are only the result of talent and interest, and his lack of perseverance is his fatal weakness, so no matter what he does Nothing can reach the real peak. With first-rate talent and third-rate willpower, Cao Pi is also a second-rate guy, and if you count his eighth-rate character..."

"Okay, okay." Zhao Zhi interrupted me with a wry smile, "I admit that what you said is reasonable. But the occurrence and development of life is like the blooming and falling of flowers, and we should pay more attention to it than simply narrating and evaluating its 'results'. What matters is its complete and smooth...'process'." "That's why I asked you for help." I smiled. "When you admit that you need help, I always feel very satisfied." Zhao Zhi laughed, "Okay, let's look in the mirror. People who write history," he explained, "sometimes I think Zihuan is like a A high-hanging mirror, when everyone looks at it, they can see their true side reflected in it."

"Close your eyes..." "..." "Okay." Not far away, a ten-year-old boy pestered the tall warrior in front of him: "I'm going to see Dad!" "My lord, you can't, my lord, he is, is..." The warrior was sweating profusely, with an embarrassing expression on his face. "This is Feishui in the second year of Jian'an (197 A.D.)." Zhao Zhi pointed, "You should know about Cao Cao's affair, right?" I snorted.This year, Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu. As soon as the soldiers arrived, Zhang Xiu adopted the strategy of counselor Jia Xu and surrendered to Cao Cao.After Cao Cao settled in Wancheng, he heard that Zhang Xiu's dead uncle's widow was born with national beauty, so he took her as a concubine and had fun day and night. "In broad daylight... how lewd!" I spat. Zhao Zhi shrugged: "It's not that bad. Cao Cao simply thinks that women don't need to be widows. After he divorced his wife, Mrs. Ding, he persuaded her to remarry many times. As far as women's rights are concerned, maybe Cao Cao is the only Really respect them." "A group of weirdos." I rolled my eyes and turned my eyes back to the innocent little Cao Pi, "Oh. The environment where you grow up is really important." A few years later, Cao Pi's first wife was the wife he robbed ——Yuan Xi's wife, Zhen Shi. At this moment, the warrior couldn't be bothered, so he could only beg: "My lord, I really can't see you at this time. Didn't you always want to learn martial arts from the general, how can the general teach you?" "Okay! Uncle Dian, wait for me to change clothes." Little Cao Pi cheered, turned his head and ran away, his little face was full of treacherous expressions. "...It seems that it's not caused by the environment, it's caused by the womb." I quickly corrected my opinion. "Dian Wei is a strong man." Zhao Zhi gave a compliment, and suddenly said, "Why don't you learn martial arts when you have time?" "Not interested, besides, I don't need it." "That's hard to say." Zhao Zhi smiled meaningfully, "Soon...forget it, anyway, I will be there." He pulled me to follow the scene of Xiao Cao Pi practicing martial arts. "Uncle Dian, Uncle Yuan and the others' martial arts are troublesome. They all have the strength to ride horses, lift stones, pull bows, and shoot arrows. Father said that your kung fu is the most suitable for me, but I don't want to learn if it is too troublesome and tiring." This child It looks like it's cheap and good-looking. Dian Wei was serious: "My lord, what the general can teach you is not martial arts, but the art of killing." After a moment of flinching, little Cao Pi's eyes turned firm: "Then I want to learn too." "My lord, you learned from General Xiahou. What you train is your body, not your martial arts." Dian Wei pulled out the sword at his waist, "No matter how high the martial arts are, people are still flesh and blood. Even an immature old woman can hold a sword. Assassinate them. Even though you are young and weak, you have the power to kill. That is to say, with a knife and a halberd wielded by ordinary people, 90% of the power falls on the empty place, and only 10% is really useful. I dare to teach you How to make good use of this 10% ingenuity until only this 10% ingenuity is enough." Little Cao Pi suddenly realized when he heard this: "So that's the case! Reading is the same. Those rotten Confucians spent their entire lives studying the classics for fear that they would not be refined, just like those who practice martial arts. It’s really stupid to delve into the smallest details!” ——I can’t help but be dumbfounded at such a young age. Seeing that little Cao Pi broke a branch and practiced according to the way of attacking, defending and avoiding taught by Dian Wei, it turned out to be quite methodical.Half an hour later, Dian Wei waved his hand to stop: "Young master, I still have a few words to say." He said very seriously, "Young master will stand above ten thousand people in the future. The body is always good. But I see that the young master has a high level of understanding in this way. I am afraid that the young master will be negligent and neglect his guard. You must know that even brave men like Meng Ben and Xia Yu wear rhinoceros armor and heavy armor. If you sleep peacefully with a guarded heart, a child can pierce his eyes with wooden chopsticks and kill him. Martial arts, in the final analysis, can only be used just in case, and cannot be completely relied on.” Cao Pi listened, and after thinking for a while, he bowed to the ground: "'The country is not in danger of mountains and rivers', uncle's words are my nephew's greatest harvest today." As I was on the sidelines, I suddenly thought of Deng Ai's 700-mile raid, defeating the negligent Han Kingdom relying on the danger of the mountains and rivers in the middle of Shu in one fell swoop... For a moment, there was a bitterness in my mouth.Zhao Zhi patted me on the shoulder comfortingly: "Think about it. It's all in the past. Disasters and accidents may happen at any moment. For example, this time," he pointed to Dian Wei, "he will soon Did you die in a catastrophe?" The deaths and sacrifices of loyal and brave people are often chapters in history books.However, Dian Wei's death was really... regrettable.Just because Cao Cao underestimated Zhang Xiu and forced his widowed aunt, Zhang Xiu was terrified and resentful, so he accepted Jia Xu's plan again and attacked Cao Jun at night, killing Cao Jun in a complete defeat.Dian Wei and Cao Cao's eldest son, Cao Ang, both died in battle to protect Cao Cao from danger.Cao Pi, who was only ten years old in the middle of the rebellious army, seized his horse and fled. "Well... yes, look at this again!" A graceful purple cloud of smoke rose from Zhao Zhi's palm, and the smoke gradually faded. At a glance, I saw that Cao Pi was sitting and dining with Cao Cao and a few others. "Crack!" Cao Pi suddenly slapped his chopsticks on several sides, pointed at the person opposite and yelled, "You killed my brother, how can you still have the face to eat at the same table with me?!" Everyone was startled. The middle-aged man dressed as the scolded general retreated in shame and resentment. This man is Zhang Xiu. "Cao Pi is so indifferent." I scoffed, "Because of personal hatred, he would rather delay state affairs." "National affairs?" Zhao Zhi burst out laughing, "It's just swearing over wine, it's not that serious." "Don't think I know nothing. It was Jia Xu's plan again. Zhang Xiu surrendered to Cao Cao for the second time before the Battle of Guandu." I said, "Cao Cao, who was far less powerful than Yuan Shao at the time, was very happy. Treating Zhang Xiu kindly, that's why there is a scene of eating at the same table." "Yeah. But," Zhao Zhi clasped his palms, "Facing the murder of a son and an enemy, no matter how calm and harmonious the surface is, it is inevitable that he will be unhappy in his heart. Zihuan's reaction like this is only reasonable." "Don't make excuses for him! Reason, reason, I'm talking about state affairs. First, Zhang Xiu's surrender is a good opportunity to publicize Cao Cao's magnanimity to the world. Even the murder of his son can be tolerated. People who are suspicious everywhere, This will dispel their worries; second, Zhang Xiu is not a good leader, but a general, and his soldiers are all Liangzhou elites who have survived many battles, and they replenished Cao Cao's military strength in due course; third, Zhang Xiu was at that time Cao Ying is the only general who was born in Liangzhou. He has great prestige in the frontiers and is able to subdue the Qiang people who have been enemies in the Central Plains for many years. Cao Cao worshiped Zhang Xiu as the general who broke the Qiang. He had high expectations for him and rewarded him very generously Not only gave him a record 2,000 households, but also married him as a family. What about Cao Pi? This guy blindly ran Zhang Xiu out of personal likes and dislikes, forcing him to feel ashamed and commit suicide. It’s nothing. Isn’t this just corrupting state affairs with selfishness? Childishness, high spirits! But…” As I said, my thoughts stretched to the depths, “It is said that Cao Ang, who died at the hands of Zhang Xiu, is the heir. If it hadn’t happened this time How could Cao Pi ascend the throne due to the chaos? Even if he is not grateful to Zhang Xiu, he has no reason to hate him... Yes! His hatred for Zhang Xiu must have been disguised for Cao Cao to see! He deliberately put on a filial face to gain his father and public opinion It is really despicable and abominable to use the moral identity of a person to strengthen his heir status." I made a firm conclusion. Zhao Zhi raised the corners of his lips helplessly: "I really can't do anything about you. If you first judge a person as bad, then everything else about him is bad: frankness will be called childish, enthusiasm will be called reckless, and prudence will be called If they become cowardly, foresight will be said to be treacherous and cunning... In short, all actions have a purpose, and there is a conspiracy behind them. In your writing, they don't even have the right to be happy, angry, sad, and happy like normal people..." "Yes!" I took up the conversation, "This is 'judging the heart', presupposing a position, and then making negative explanations and moral judgments on its behavior. This kind of judgment and explanation cannot be proven, but it also makes people feel that it cannot be falsified. People can't deny it. It's really... the dark side of the human heart." Speaking of this, I couldn't help but smile bitterly. Zhao Zhi was stunned: "Since you know..." "Of course I know. 'Nightmaster' and 'historian' are probably the two professions that can best understand the complexity and depth of the human heart. All things are born with desires, and human beings have various negative emotions based on this desire - desire for power, jealousy , Tyranny...——Only suppressed by acquired morality to a certain extent, but not eliminated. Knowing that it is bad but unable to eliminate it, people will naturally graft this kind of emotion onto others, especially those who do not like it In the body, on the one hand, the emotions can be vented, and on the other hand, it is also a moral vigilance to oneself. After all, no one wants to have the same shortcomings as the person they hate." "It sounds quite..." Master Yan tapped his lips with his fingers, playing with the taste, "It's amazing. Can everyone avoid this? Do you think Kong Ming is the same?" "At least sometimes it is true." I laughed and said, "Besides, Cao Pi really didn't practice frugality, and he was a ready-made target to catch all the big and small problems on his body. In the early years of Jianxing, the prime minister wrote "Zhengyi" "Zi Huan is promiscuous, and then usurped." According to "Zhengyi", it is all destiny and human affairs, so why bother with prostitution or not? And this is not the shortcoming of Cao Pi's so outstanding. It's just that the prime minister at that time When he was in power, he was worried about the loss of the country through prostitution, so he pointed out the shortcomings of the enemy's monarch to warn himself." "I think this is also the theory of 'punishing the heart'. It's a pity that Zihuan made an innocent target." Zhao Zhi was somewhat aggrieved. "What is this? Think about King Zhou of Shang. He was originally just an ordinary emperor with a flawed private life—roughly similar to Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling of the Later Han Dynasty, or his personal talents were even stronger—but because he was a king of subjugation, As the years passed, the number of crimes increased. In the era of Shi Qian, "drinking without restraint" was even passed down as an exaggerated atrocity like "frolicking naked in the wine pool and meat forest". Confucius' more intelligent disciple Zi Gong once lamented: 'Although Zhou is not a good person, he is not so bad. It is the people of the world who attribute all the evil deeds of the world to him.'” "Hey, hey——" my words made Zhao Zhi feel that the situation was serious, "Could it be that Zihuan also..." "It won't be as miserable as Shang Zhou." I shook my hand and smiled, "There are very few surviving materials for the three generations, and there are few targets to use. All kinds of slander should be inevitable." "You won't add fuel to the fire, will you?" Zhao Zhi looked at me suspiciously. "It depends on how much you can help." I smiled on purpose - when I narrowed my eyes, I was surprised that this was somewhat of a "terrorist posture". "You know that I am rigid by nature and have limited talents." "Pretentious." Zhao Zhi snorted and stretched out his hand. This time, we neither temporarily escaped to another time and space, nor saw the shadows flickering like clouds of smoke. Only a thick stack of manuscripts fell into his hands out of thin air, "Yes This is enough, there is no need to drag you around." I took a look, and the pages were full of Cao Pi's poems. "Appreciate his poems, appreciate his essays, and want to meet his people." Zhao Zhiwen's crepey and sour accent made me laugh, and at the same time retorted: "Writing good poems does not necessarily lead to good character." "When you said that Zihuan was the eighth-ranked character, did I ever defend him with a single word? Haha! But the poem is really well written... Really good." He took out one at random, "Read it!" "Facing the high platform, there is Gao Yixuan. There is water below, which is clear and cold. There is a yellow swan living and turning over. As a minister, you must be loyal. May your majesty the emperor live in this palace for three thousand years. If the swan wants to travel south, the female cannot follow. I want to bow to you, but I can't open my mouth; I want to bear it, but my sweater is ruined. I look at you five miles away, and I wander six miles away." "What a mess!" - this was my first reaction. "Then read it again." Zhao Zhi said leisurely. "What's 'May His Majesty the Emperor live three thousand years'... Is this a poem?" "Read it again, just to me." When I read "I want to bear it" the second time, I stopped and took a deep breath. "What's wrong?" Zhao Zhi asked. "Very...sad." I said, "This guy! He wrote such a mess of poems so sadly." "Let's talk about poetry." Zhao Zhi smiled, "Although your literary accomplishments are mediocre, fortunately, literature is the most important thing—almost the only criterion is whether it can touch people's hearts, and you I happen to be quite qualified people who can see and appreciate the human heart. This "Lingaotai" is not Zihuan's most famous poem, or even one of the famous poems, but even you who are "rigid in nature" - he put My words are returned to me as they are—"Can even people be hit by the sadness in it? Dare I ask, there are many kinds of sadness. Which kind of sadness is "Lingaotai"?" "Powerless, helpless." The painful sadness is concentrated in the second half of the poem, and a pair of yellow swans are forced to separate.Men want to fly to the vast southern world, but women cannot follow for some reason.Looking at the tearful eyes, the lungs are like the pain of being shaken.I want to hold you in my mouth and fly away, my closed mouth cannot open; I want to walk with you on my back, my shattered feathers can hardly bear the weight.Then why not stay?Parting from life and death, wandering and looking back, why didn't you stay?In that far distance, what fatal call is attracting?Love and love, tossing and tossing, just like this, step by step, a long journey, separated from life and death, north and south. ... I opened my closed eyes: "Is it because I wrote about the difficulties and pains that everyone has encountered, or will definitely encounter in the future, that I have achieved such real sadness? The second half, good or bad; but I'm sticking with my first reaction: Overall, it's a mess." "How to say?" Zhao Zhi asked curiously. "Not to mention the "Three Thousand Years of His Majesty the Emperor", which is completely unnecessary to be included in the poem, you can see that the first half is praising the majesty of the high platform, saying that this is a good place to live, with joyful and prosperous emotions; One turn of the pen - this kind of turning has no transition, writing parting, writing sorrow... a short poem is so abruptly divided, it really makes people suspect that Cao Pi only has the poetic talent that shines for a moment, but not the ability to control the whole poem Poetry!" "Wow! So fresh!" Zhao Zhi's tone was full of mockery, "You mean, the author of the first seven-character poem in history: Cao Pi and Cao Zihuan, didn't have the power to control poems? Haha!" "..." This is indeed an ironclad evidence that can easily refute me. Cao Pi's two popular "Yan Ge Xing" are the first seven-character poems.Even a layman in poetics like me can imagine that with the expansion of space and capacity, seven characters will replace five characters in the future and become the mainstream of poetry. "If it's not about the level of poetic ability, it can only be explained that Cao Pi didn't write poems as poems at all, he was talking in his sleep! At least this is the case for "Lingaotai". Write wherever you think, and write whatever you think of. In short, it is extremely irresponsible." I was somewhat angry, and thought angrily: Is talent really that important?He is obviously a frivolous person by nature, but because of his outstanding talent, he can leave a brilliant performance and name in history?So how can history benefit future generations?Once again, my undisguised annoyance was fully seen by Zhao Zhi. He clapped his hands and laughed, "It's true that talent is important, but it's by no means the most important thing; even Zihuan doesn't rely entirely on talent to make a living. I happen to be very Agree with what you said that he did not seriously embellish poems, most of his works are the crystallization of genius and true feelings. Just look at the titles: "Widow Poem", "See the Boatman Brother Farewell Poem ", "Miscellaneous Poems on behalf of Liu Xun's Wife Wang", "Poetry in Furong Pond", "Fu on Playing Chess", "Fu on Rosemary", "Fu on Huai",... use poems to record everything that touched him in his life Every thing and every picture that touches him, so the poems become fragments of life, and life becomes a poem. In poems and life that have the same essence, they are filled with the same sincerity of enthusiasm, kindness, sadness, Compassion... The form of Zihuan's poems is consistent with his own "truth". For example, in "Lingaotai" which you call "dream talk", I think the extreme sorrow after bliss is in line with the flow of Zihuan's mind : The high platform is the Tongque Terrace. Do you want to visit the Tongque Terrace at that time? Maybe your history books don’t need to record the overflowing literary talents, drinking and singing on the high platform, but I believe that there must be another kind of history books that will engraved forever." history of poetry. "It's good to relax occasionally." I accepted Zhao Zhi's invitation.As a result, the Tongque Terrace with high candles spread out in front of you like a fine brushwork scroll. Isn't that skinny man who hits the pot and sings exactly Wang Can who wrote "Seven Sorrows" and "Climbing the Tower"?Xu Gan, a white-clothed young man looking at him with a smile and beating the beat together, became famous for his deeply affectionate poem "Room Thoughts".Chen Lin, who once surprised Cao Cao with a call to arms, surrendered happily in the Battle of Guandu, and became one of the pillars of Ye Wenren. At this time, he was holding Ruan Yu to play the game of shooting.Ruan Yu still refused to let go of the pipa she was holding obliquely in her hand.Who would have thought that this elegant man who is good at singing and playing banquet tunes happily, his masterpiece is "Driving out of Beiguo Gate" which describes the loneliness in troubled times?Known for his profligacy and boldness, Liu Zhen sat on the mat with his legs apart, staring intently at the slender and white legs of the dancers—a few years later he looked directly at Cao Pi's wife, Zhen Shi, and was captured by Cao Pi. He ordered that he be convicted of disrespect and punished with hard labor.Ying Ju, who is good at making fus, is the older one in this group. He is respectfully pouring wine for a young man in fine clothes, holding his glass to his eyebrows.The luster of the gold cup reflected the young man's clear eyes, and he once again won the first prize in the poetry meeting.Ying Jue called this man the "Four Young Masters", and he said: "The talents of the Fourth Young Masters overwhelm Jian'an." "Delian (Ying Ji's character) is too famous, it's just a fluke." He said modest words, and the young man's white face was full of self-respect. There is no doubt that he is Cao Zhi Cao Zijian. "Second brother's poem this time, according to Zhi, is very well written." Cao Zhi said, turning to Cao Pi who was concentrating on peeling grapes. "Well," Cao Pi threw a grape into his mouth, chewing and laughing, "Yes. I also think it's better than yours." "Then this glass of wine should be toasted to my second brother." Cao Zhi moved the wine bottle to Cao Pi. Cao Pi didn't refuse either, and drank it down on his back, laughing loudly.Then he stood upright, shouted at the dancer, "Pi would like to dance with the sword, and join everyone in the fun." "Dancing swords must be done right, the younger brother dances with the second elder brother!" Cao Zhi also jumped into the banquet with great interest. "Clear night invites guests, bright candles shine brightly. The feast is full of stars, and the wine is full of jade cups..." I can only hear Zhao Zhi chanting Cao Pi's poems in an exceptionally clear voice, "String songs play new songs, and wandering sounds blow Dan Liang. Yu Yin goes to Xun Festival, passionate when generous. Contributions and rewards are staggered, elegant dance He Qiangqiang. Luoying flies from the wind, and the long sword is raised from the bottom...Mumu all gentlemen, and contract Lekang..." The amazing thing is, The group of literati who were active in Ye during the Jian'an period seemed to have heard the chanting of Master Yan. In the candlelight of the stars, the wine is fragrant, the food is rich, and the good friends are drinking and laughing, enjoying the more short-lived pleasure in the short life.Cao Pi's sword and Cao Zhi's sword sometimes merged and sometimes intersected. Sometimes they faced each other, and sometimes they sang with arms.The flickering sword light is like a dragon, like a flying dragon, and the clothes are raised high, unable to hide the young face. "Ha ha ha ha……" "Ha ha ha ha……" I envy them from the bottom of my heart, not because I envy this light and luxurious life, but... how I hope to have a group of like-minded partners, at least for a period of time, to understand each other, support each other, and even integrate each other's lives, then Life must be warmer and more fulfilling. "As happy as you are, you will be as lonely as you are." Zhao Zhi said softly, "Xu, Chen, Ying, and Liu all died of the plague in the Central Plains in the 22nd year of Jian'an (217 A.D.), and Zihuan sent them away one by one. I burst into tears every time. Let’s read the letter he wrote to Wu Zhi..." A yellowed cocoon paper fell into my hand, and Zhao Zhi didn't stop talking, "This is the saddest year for Zihuan, The so-called "in the past, when you travel, you will connect with the public, and you will receive the banquet when you stop. How can you lose each other for a moment! Every time the wine is popular, the silk and bamboo are played together, the wine is hot, and the ears are warm, and the poems are written. At this time, I suddenly don't know the joy." It is said that a hundred years have been divided, but we can protect each other forever. He Tu has been scattered and slightly exhausted in a few years, and it is sad to say! His posthumous essays are all compiled into one episode. Looking at his name, it has been recorded by ghosts.' (Friends of the past When you go out for a party, you will be connected by car and drive, and you will be seated when you rest. How can there be a momentary separation? Every time when the cups are passed, the strings are singing, and the wine is hot, everyone raises their faces and responds to the poem. At that time, they don’t feel How rare is this kind of happiness. I thought that everyone could live a long life and grow old hand in hand. Unexpectedly, within a few years, friends passed away one by one, and there were very few survivors. When it comes to this, I am not sad. Not long ago I put Their surviving articles were compiled into one collection, seeing that those names have been included in the roster of the dead!)... It was also this year that Zihuan fulfilled his great wish for many years: he was officially established as the prince .” No wonder when I heard the name "Wu Zhi", I felt that besides the tender friendship and the sadness of parting behind it, there was something else, something incompatible with the sadness and the tenderness-politics.It is said that because Cao Cao did not establish a prince for a long time, Cao Pi was very disturbed, and often used a large basket filled with silk to secretly transport Wu Zhi into the mansion to discuss countermeasures;Cao Pi was very worried about this.Wu Zhi didn't take it seriously at all. He said, "It's easy to deal with. Zihuan, you just pack a basket of silk and satin into the mansion." Sure enough, when Yang Xiu found out that there was another big box being transported to Cao Pi's mansion, Immediately reported to Cao Cao again, and wanted to catch Cao Pi and Wu Zhi who were "in collusion".The inspectors sent by Cao Cao stopped the bamboo basket and saw that there was only cloth in it.This matter is so over.To be honest, this kind of confrontation for the heir apparent is not a strategy at all, it's like a child playing house.It's just this clumsy game, but it is precisely for the "power" that is under one person and above ten thousand people. "So, no matter how happy and moving the scene looks, it's just a flashy cover. No matter how affectionate the second brother and fourth brother are, once the stakes are involved, they want to bite off a piece of meat from each other... ...Well, at least Cao Pi is such a person. On the surface, the brothers are harmonious, but secretly there are frequent conspiracies. It is said that once he became emperor, he ordered Cao Zhi to write a poem within seven steps, otherwise his younger brother would be punished Capital punishment. It’s hideous and outrageous!” For some reason, Zhao Zhi had a particularly good impression of Cao Pi, which made me use exaggerated words to derogate this “Emperor Wei Wen” in our conversations, “Sit tall and hold a murderous hand.” I am afraid that I have long forgotten the bloodline of a mother and the love of Yexia when I was looking for the weapon." Zhao Zhi listened to me patiently, and then he let out a long breath: "Seven-step poem? This may be the 'superposition of sins' you mentioned. He was indeed chosen as the target of evil." "Huh? You mean...there's no such thing as a seven-step poem?" "At least I haven't seen one." "You haven't seen it, but it doesn't mean you don't have it. I think this thing looks like Cao Pi's style." "Punish your heart, punish your heart." Zhao Zhi smiled wryly and shook his head. "Hmph. Isn't it okay?" "Okay, okay." He pressed his hands down, like a move to "pacify" me, "Actually, 'criticism' is not necessarily a bad thing, on the contrary, if it only stays at the spiritual level, I think it has a great impact on personal morality and morality." Cultivating wisdom really has more advantages than disadvantages. Not to mention you, even Cao Cao used this kind of argument from time to time to speculate on Zihuan's words and deeds. Do you know that Cao Cao has a young son named Cao Chong?" "The one called the elephant?" "That's right." Zhao Zhi said, "He is an out-and-out prodigy, and he is also very kind by nature. No matter how humble people ask him for help, he is willing to help them through difficulties. Once the saddle in the warehouse was killed by a mouse. The little official in charge was afraid of being tortured, so he came to Cao Chong. Cao Chong poked a few holes in his clothes, and then went to see Cao Cao with a sad face..." Zhao Zhi put a conversation into my ear : First, the tone of a child who is three parts depressed and seven parts coquettish: "Father, I heard that if the clothes are bitten by mice, the person wearing the clothes will be unlucky. Father, look... how good is this?" Cao Cao quickly comforted his son: "That's all nonsense, there's nothing to worry about." After a while, the little official's timid voice came out: "Prime Minister, the villain has neglected his duty. The saddle was bitten by a mouse..." "Haha!" Cao Cao laughed nonchalantly, "The clothes my son puts around will be bitten by mice, not to mention the saddles in the treasury that have not been used for many years?"... The little official escaped unharmed in this way. "It doesn't look like the Cao family's." I muttered, "No wonder he died at a young age..." Poor Cao Chong only lived for thirteen years. "Hey, you are being a bit cruel." Zhao gave me a straight look, "After Cao Chong passed away, Cao Pi wrote a eulogy to express his condolences. Seeing that Cao Cao was in grief all day long and had no intention of sleeping and eating, Cao Pi also advised him to mourn and obey, and death is impossible. Resurrection and so on, while weeping with my father. Chen Shou, guess what Cao Cao's reaction will be?" "If it's an ordinary person, it's nothing more than holding the hand of the elder son and talking about the cuteness of the younger son. As for Cao Cao... I can't guess." "Cao Cao is not wordy, he only said one sentence." Zhao Zhi imitated Cao Mengde's tone, "'This is my misfortune, and your Cao's luck.'"——Unfortunate, there is one thing missing that is most worthy of acknowledgment托的人；幸运者“汝曹”，是指以曹丕为首的其他儿子，曹冲死了，“你们”终于有机会一较高下、争夺嫡位；这么句悲恼的话包含着对曹丕“诛心”的指责：别再假惺惺悼亡流泪，此时你正该偷偷发笑、暗自庆幸吧！一如曹丕日后的叹息：“若使仓舒（曹冲之字）在，我亦无天下。” “曹操才真是刻毒。”想象曹丕低眉顺目地领受这么一句怒讽，我不禁脱口说，又问，“依你之见，曹丕究竟是悲痛还是庆幸？” “难道不能兼有两种心情？”赵直掠起唇，“悲是真的悲，幸也是实实在在的幸。不管怎么说，子桓在夺嫡之路上，只剩下一个对手、一个美好而并不强大的对手——”像柔和、轻轻地盛开一朵兰花般，他吐出了一个我早已知晓、亦是家喻户晓的名字：“曹植。” 在浑浊混乱的世界里多少需要几个出类拔萃的公子供人们唏嘘仰视，曹植便是其中之一。有人羡慕他的出身、有人羡慕他的才气、有人羡慕他的风流、有人羡慕他的艳遇……他简直像是为了承受他人之“羡慕”才降生的。还在孩提时代，曹植便熟读数十万字的诗赋，绣口一吐，锦绣立成，惊得曹操连声问：“这果然是你写的？你果然不曾请人代笔？”十余岁的曹植坐直身体，朗声回答：“说出话来便是文论，落下笔去便是辞章，父亲倘若不信，就请当面一试。”对这么位骄人的公子，我却能理解、也很赞成赵直信口的评价：“美好而不强大。”出于各种各样的原因：文人之同病相怜、对失败者的同情、好奇于桃色传闻……人们很少公正、公平地来比较曹丕与曹植。预设的立场使他俩渐渐成为面向两个方向的简单代号，一个代表了纯洁的浪漫，另一个代表了阴谋的功利。甚至我在史书里也留下这样的对比：“而植任性而行，不自雕励，饮酒不节。文帝御之以术，矫情自饰，宫人左右，并为之说，故遂定为嗣。（曹植行事任性，不知自我约束，饮酒无度。曹丕则很有手腕，矫揉地粉饰形象，曹操身边的人都为他说好话，因此曹丕被定为继承人。）”赵直曾一再劝我把这段话改一改，我的态度却很坚决：“史笔如铁，一字千斤。” “千金吗？我用一万金买你改十个字行不？” “不是金钱的金！是重量！”我哼道，“史书是比泰山还要重的！你难道能够撼动泰山？” “哦。”他点点头，“我若能摇撼泰山，你便答应修改？” “……比方而已！我绝不会更改一个字。” “'御之以术'倒也罢了，”赵直赔着笑讨价还价，“'矫情自饰'这四个字……毋乃太过？他可是个……” “我知道。”我毫不客气地打断他的话，“我知道他之率性任情，很多时候比曹植有过之而无不及。譬如在王粲葬礼上学驴叫这种事，大概只有曹丕做得出。我无意用世俗道德去衡量曹丕的言行，其真善与邪恶都来自毫不修饰的本性，从个体意志张扬的角度看，他实在是个叫人喜爱、艳羡的人，说是这风流浊世第一公子亦不为过。托你的福，我也大致浏览了一遍他的诗文。比起流传四海、沸沸扬扬的曹植的诗，我个人更爱曹丕之作。虽然可以预料的是，在后世，这是指我也像我书写的人物一样化成灰、化成土很多年之后，诗史上曹植的地位一定远胜曹丕。只因注重文辞华美、音律和谐的子建的诗，是可以学习、模仿的，他给了后人拾级而上的台阶；纯以天才、真情、刹那灵感、一瞬光华……来写诗的怪胎皇帝，则使人完全无法效法，他因此无法成为一代诗学宗师。不过，求仁得仁，功业开三分之先，文章垂竹帛之上，曹丕也该满足了。” “很好！你这就说得很好嘛！”赵直眼巴巴道，“为什么……” “为什么不删掉不中听的'矫情自饰'？” “不是不中听……明明，”赵直蹙起眉，“与他八杆子打不着。” “那是因为你偏好太强、忽略了很多事，魇师大人。”我使用了一个滑稽的称谓，“事实胜过雄辩，我能指定一个时间地点人物事件你与我同去看看吗？”一口气说出的这一长串话，是早就想好了的。 “没问题。”他一口答应。 “建安十九年（公元214年）七月，曹操出师邺城，东征孙权。曹丕、曹植及百官为送行之时。” 赵直怔了怔，原本的兴奋之色被一种既惊讶、又尴尬的神色取代。 “别小看史家。”我微笑，“说吧！说'闭上眼'吧！” “咳！依你。……闭上眼。”他打了个响指。一声清脆的“啪——”，把数十年岁月抹煞，使我直面建安年间这一幅出征的画面。 矛戈在手，铠甲覆肩，旌旗猎猎，车毂辚辚。身传火红戎装的曹操满面肃色，他年介六十，却还要踏上漫漫征途，去一个他惨败过的地方，艰难地追逐胜利与光耀。他一手扶车辕，一手指向人群里年仅二十三岁的曹植：“子建素有出口成章之名，当此之时，可有佳作？”声音中气十足，纵然内心有千般忧虑，仍不失英雄本色。 曹植低一低头，从众人之中走出，他略一沉吟，应声为赋；当他张开口时，谦谨之色一扫而空，代之以意兴飞扬：“登城隅之飞观兮，望六师之所营……师旅凭皇穹之灵佑兮，亮元勋之必举。挥朱旗以东指兮，横大江而莫御……禽元帅于中舟兮，震灵威于东野！”年轻的声音时而高旋、时而低徊，短短数句之中，既流溢大赋的雄浑，又不失小赋之委婉，实在是上乘之作，把一干人等听得啧啧称奇。曹操也微笑颔首，表示对儿子天才的肯定。只有一个人在惴惴不安。 那便是曹丕。 七月炎热，曹丕额角闪着汗水的光。 “辞赋写得好不好不是最重要的，”我转面赵直道，“曹操觉得它好或者不好，那才至关紧要。曹丕之所以紧张，正因他知道他口占之作，在曹操看来，势必比曹植写的逊色。从前同做《铜雀台赋》，已有过失败的教训。”——铺张、华美的文辞，更中曹操之意，这恰恰是曹植的强项、曹丕的不足。“嗣位之争，每一个细节都要小心在意。这可真苦了你的'子桓'。” 赵直无话可说地耸耸肩。 “二公子、二公子。”一旁，吴质用肩顶了顶曹丕。 "Well?" “文章再好，也比不上一个'孝'字。” "……what?" “两行清泪，胜过妙笔千言。”吴质出了个好主意。年迈的父亲将要远征，千里奔波，做儿子的为父亲担忧，既是再正常不过的——哪怕在吴质提醒之前，曹丕一点也没想到这个“正常不过”的反应，同时也显示出儿子的忠诚、孝顺：品性的纯良胜过文华的流溢，何况曹操已是个老人，老人总是更重感情。 曹丕压抑地咳嗽了一声，仿佛在迟疑。 吴质拧了他一把。 曹丕皱皱眉，目光从神采盎然的曹植身上掠过，随后他举起袖子遮住大半个脸，很快……肩膀开始微微颤抖。 我哈哈大笑起来。这讽刺的笑声恼得赵直一挥衣袖，将我带回成都的午后。看到那里也已够了，接下来无非是曹操问曹丕为什么哭，曹丕回答父亲年事已高，还要亲领貔貅，饱受征战之苦，儿子无能，无法为父分忧，只望您一帆风顺、马到功成云云。这番对答会给曹操留下“子桓文才虽然不及子建，然而性情忠厚，可以承担大事”的印象。“哈哈，是否很丢脸？”我故意追问赵直，“方才那一幕，不是'矫情自饰'又是什么？” “你讨厌子桓，这才抓住支零末节不放。”赵直摆出“道不同，不相为谋”的架势。 “你错了。”我正色纠正，“赵直呵。听闻你是天下第一的魇师，我也见识了你不少神妙的本事。估计你这样的人，很少有想做而做不到的事；也很少有需要强迫改变个人意愿才能达成的事。来去自如、率性行事，拥有至高权力的曹丕在这一点上，既有与你类似的秉性，又足以与你一般自在。因为同一种属而产生强烈的认同感、因为认同而产生更强烈的好感，肯定曹丕差不多就是肯定你这妖人的存在，我说的没错吧？” 赵直摸摸鼻子：“有必要把话说这么白吗？” “然而你别忘了，曹丕不是魇师，他没有一星半点的神力，也无法仰仗这种力来达成心愿。他若有所志望、有所希冀，便要像最普通的人一样付出、努力，辛辛苦苦、筹措安排；在这向目标迈进的过程里，不是每件事都能如愿，事实上大多数事与他的愿望，多少都有些出入。尽管他意志不够坚定、控制力也不够强，可曹丕总算是在勉强遏止、要求自己，向着'太子位'步履艰苦地跋涉。赵直，其实'矫情自饰'不是在责备曹丕，在政治斗争里使这么点小手段压根不值一提，我之所以坚持留下这四个字，是希望有人能从这里读出一些……无奈。想到纵使曹丕要完成一个心愿，也得默默承担、久久抑制，便觉得人世真正多艰！那些在青史上留下姓名的人，不管表面多么光鲜，背后都隐着一段痛苦。曹丕如是、陆逊如是、丞相亦如是。曲折与痛苦，即便史家不写，人们也应有所领悟。” “真晦涩！”赵直苦笑，“史笔一定要这么晦涩？” “直接评论不是史家工作的重点。”我笑着在力所能及的领域里指点他，“我算什么人？哪有资格对往日英雄指手画脚？评论太多，反倒会生出不公正的口舌。所以，我虽然落笔前也会为所写人物预设一个或善或恶的立场，可真正写到竹帛上时，我都在尽量避免过于主观的揄扬和贬抑，真希望后人能从我书里看出一个值得追随的昭烈皇帝、一个值得崇拜的诸葛丞相、一个值得赞叹的文帝曹丕、一个可以无视的孙权；而不是由我来告诉他们这些人值得被无视、赞叹、崇拜、追随……再说，”把话锋从对史书的期望转回曹丕身上，“你不觉得会为了某种目的装哭拭泪的曹丕远比只知任性处事的子桓更可爱、或者说更完整吗？” 正因为承受过必须承受的磨砺，当梦寐以求的愿望徐徐落下帷幕、而结果又叫人满意时，便会有更强有力的欢乐，溢于言表。 侍从急匆匆告知曹丕他被正式立为太子时，曹丕正在辛毗家做客。他略一怔忪，把杯子一丢，跳起来搂着好友的脖子高喊道：“佐治、佐治（辛毗之字），你可知我有多高兴！”——归根到底，还是个令人莞尔的'轻薄子'，偏偏轻薄得能使人与他一样高兴。 “其实我一直有个小疑惑……”连日窥测曹丕的生平：那明快多变的一生由无数璀璨、华丽的片段组成，犹如一把颜色、大小各异的珍珠宝石，分开看每一颗都那么绚烂夺目，可要连贯它们成为一串首饰的话，再高明的工匠也要为之头疼不已；只不过这难题完全是史家范畴里的事，我要向赵直求助的，并不在此，“这疑惑若说出来，只怕你要笑我。” “给我个笑话你的机会吧。”赵直悠然从我最近写的《曹丕传》草稿里抬起头。他对文稿的重视使我相当自傲，他使我感到这部着作会极大地影响世间舆论；这也越发让我感到沉甸甸的责任。 “是这样，”注目“太祖崩，嗣位为丞相、魏王”数字，我斟酌道，“曹丕花大力气继承父亲的爵位，是为了什么？”确实是个极荒诞的、听上去毫无意义的问题，我尝试着说得更清楚一些，“譬如丞相，他受先主三顾之恩出山，他兢兢业业、鞠躬尽瘁，是为澄清乱世，建构一个理想国度，倘若一辈子躬耕隆中、又或者不手握强权，其目的就无法达成。曹丕呢？我觉得……”沉吟着说出可能会惹恼赵直的话，“爵位就是其目的，而不是用来实现目的的基础或条件。做上丞相、魏王、乃至皇帝后，曹丕与做个单纯的公子时有什么本质的差别么？别拿简单的政令来说事……” “是啊。就连你朝后主陛下也发布过不少政令嘛！”赵直不失时机地讽刺。“减免赋税、提拔贤良、爱养百姓、鼓励农桑……这类四海通行的善政，确实不能作为'某个'皇帝的功业或才干来被世人铭记。是大巧若拙，还是大拙若巧呢？你这个'为什么'的蠢问题，倒真触及了子桓为人处事、尤其是政治生命之根本。我琢磨着，”赵直掠起唇角，露出一个滑稽的微笑，“连子桓也不知道他'为什么'要运行在这一轨道上。写史的人，没发现你与子桓有一点相像吗？” 我千般不愿可又知道这时不适合打断他。 “你、我，还有子桓的共同之处是：我们并不真正属于三分天下的时代。你在时间上没法参与，我在空间上不能参与，他在心情上没有参与感。名义上是开国皇帝，子桓却没做过划时代的事。建立新王朝的是曹操，他只是'曹操的继承人'。至于为什么要做太子……倘若长兄曹昂在世，子桓压根不会生出与之争夺的心思。偏生曹昂死了，不就轮到他了？轮都轮到了，却被别人抢去、即便是被同胞兄弟抢去，依子桓的性子看，也绝不是件痛快事。何况，平心而论，曹操二十几个儿子里，最适合坐上这个位置的，也非曹丕莫属。于是，他称职而缺乏热情地坐上皇位。他偶然灵机一动、所颁发更像是'子桓'而非'大魏皇帝'的诏令，大多很可以被世人诟病，譬如'亡国之语'之类。” 汉国在宣传魏朝负面新闻这方面一直不遗余力，是以“亡国之语”这个典故，我有所耳闻。曹魏重臣蒋济出补东中郎将，后来被召回京城担任散骑常侍一职。曹丕召见蒋济时问：“你所看到、听到的天下风俗、教化怎么样？”蒋济回答：“没什么好的，只听说了亡国之语。”曹丕变了脸色，追问：“这是什么意思？”蒋济道：“'作威作福、杀人活人'，天子一言九鼎，竟说出这样的话，不是亡国之语吗？”——原来，曹丕在写给爱臣夏侯尚的诏书里，竟一字不差地写出了里明言的为政禁忌，道：“卿腹心重将，特当任使。恩施足死，惠爱可怀。作威作福，杀人活人。（你是我的心腹将领，有特殊的使命权利。施加恩德能使死人受益，行使仁爱能使生者感怀。你可以作威作福，让人生便生、让人死便死。）”被蒋济当面责备后，曹丕才觉事态严重，下令追回诏书。 “好荒唐！所以说丞相之才，十倍于丕。居然就是这么个家伙，阴谋篡夺了数百年的汉室江山。”不由我愤愤不平。 “写史的人，”赵直笑了，“你一定自以为熟知子桓代汉的全过程吧？” “自以为……”他又在嘲弄我。我决心好好把所知史事组织一回，叫他哑口无言。“我当然知道。”我深吸一口气，“他既然是'曹操的继承者'，那么事情还要从曹操那儿说起。” “唔，好一副宏篇大论的架势。”赵直配合地正襟危坐。 “从整体俯瞰的话，早在黄巾之乱时后汉就已经灭亡了。建安元年（公元196年），汉献帝刘协与少数朝官逃离关中，来到洛阳。那时洛阳也是废墟一片，没有房屋、没有存粮，尚书郎以下的官员都要亲自采摘野菜为食。这几十个人，便是那气若游丝的'汉朝'。很快曹操率军将献帝迎至许昌，从此在汉室大旗下东征西讨，统一北方。'汉室'在名义上、仅仅是名义上得以留存。”我尽可能维持着客观，“当然，献帝不甘心退出舞台。他发动了两个王朝间最后的斗争——宫廷政变。以他有限的力量，也只够掀起宫廷政变，而这往往肮脏缺少美感。最有名的一次是建安四年（公元199年）'衣带诏'事，皇帝授意岳父董承合众谋杀曹操。结果董承落败，三族被灭，其女董贵妃连同腹中胎儿一并被杀。”这是怎样血淋淋的权斗。单单这件事，已够曹操承担千秋恶名！可倘使是曹操被灭……我把逸出的思绪拉回，“这件事使献帝探明了曹操的政治底线，知道他不会擅行废立。于是献帝不断发动类似政变，驱使亲信为他毫无道理与可行性的白日梦付出全族死亡的代价。最终曹操退却了。他将实权的政治中心迁至邺，把天子及其妄念留在许昌。与一心做周文王的曹操不同，”话题进行到曹丕身上，“曹丕决定做皇帝。或许他觉得之前的血腥气太重，就自编、自导、自演了一出自欺欺人的闹剧。” 说到这，我望向赵直。他好整以暇地挥挥手：“接着说。我在听！”看来并不急于反驳我的“闹剧”论。 “你看——”我指着曹丕纪年一行行点下去："为了取得百姓支持，他下令减少关津山泽税，恢复十中抽一的税率，派出使者监察各郡国，平理刑狱，收买人心。 "他采纳陈群提出的九品中正制，承诺与维护世家大族的政治地位及其利益，以换取他们对他称帝的拥戴。 "他以虎头蛇尾的南征做幌子，进行了一场盛大的阅兵，向天下炫示武力，说明其力量篡夺汉朝已绰绰有余。 “他还组织人手伪造祥瑞、解释谶纬，以制造更多舆论，自己则巡游故乡，追封祖父，祭拜先人……”一切准备工作做好后，闹剧的高潮来了。他假惺惺三次拒绝汉献帝的禅让诏书，而后——在一场堂皇的禅让大典之后，极具表演天赋的曹丕'勉为其难'地接手皇位，开创魏朝。 " 我停下了。 “说完了？”赵直笑眯眯问。 “就是这样。”我有点紧张，像个等待被评判的童蒙学子。 赵直点点头：“不妨为你鼓鼓掌。”他装腔做势拍了两下手，“倘使允许从'果'推至'因'，你这番话不失为一篇上等史论。然而……”话锋理所当然地一转，“可以从后往前推么？你井井有条的铺陈，完全是在得知结论——曹丕称帝——后，再去反思他从前种种行止所得出的逻辑鲜明、倾向强烈的判断。敢问你有否通读一遍我给你的臣属劝进书、曹丕回信、汉天子诏书、曹丕上奏……等等等等那一堆东西？”他双手叉握，饶有兴趣地逼视我。 在这样的目光下，撒谎极为艰难，可若答复“没有看”，不免羞赧。我只好硬着头皮说：“多少翻过两页，咳……”他讥笑的目光使我提高声调，“那又怎样？！无非是一些例行公事的阿谀之词，一些装模做样的虚矫之论！” “我想你还是该看看。”他少有地说出诚挚的劝告，“他毕竟是曹丕曹子桓。”我又一次接过厚厚一叠文牍。赵直在一旁为我挑亮