Chapter 34 4. Sociological Analysis of Wu Han Tucheng

History will always remember this day: in 36 AD, on November 18, Wu Han led a victorious army into Chengdu.Once in town, everything went smoothly and calmly.However, three days later, Wu Han issued an incredible order—to massacre the city. The massacre started from the top. Gongsun Shu's wife, children, and his family were all beheaded; Yancen, who surrendered the whole city, was also beheaded, and his family was also beheaded.Then, Wu Han seemed to be possessed by a demon, and his soldiers burned, killed and promiscuously in the city, including women and children.Gongsunshu's palace was reduced to ruins in a sea of ​​fire.

News of the massacre quickly spread to Luoyang City.Liu Xiu was furious and scolded Wu Han for being inhuman.Then he scolded Liu Shang, saying that you are still a royal family and have been an official in a government agency, so you still have such a cruel heart. Geng Yan has a record of massacring cities, and he has never seen Liu Xiu frown.But this time he was really angry.He might not even have imagined that Wu Han, who seemed simple, kind, and resolute with few words, was like a silent volcano erupting so thrillingly. Revenge, or revenge, in the history of human development, when the state has not yet appeared, or the form of the state has not yet reached the stage of civilization and rationality, it seems to be a matter of course and understandable.Even this kind of violence is not spat on, but passed down from generation to generation, becoming a classic.

There is such a story in "Sou Shen Ji": There was a couple in Chu State, the husband was a general, and the wife was Mo Xie.They are all professional sword makers, and the king of Chu ordered them to make a pair of sharp swords.Three years later, the sword was forged.The husband general told his wife, Mo Xie, that we made swords for the king of Chu. Once he got it, he would definitely kill me because of the unreasonable desires of peerless people.Anyway, it's death, why don't we just give him the female sword, and hide the male sword in Nanshan.You are pregnant, if you give birth to a son in the future, remember to ask him to avenge me.

Sure enough, after the king of Chu got the sword, he killed the general.Soon, Moye gave birth to a posthumous child.When the son grows up, he decides to avenge the murder of his father.As a result, after he went to Nanshan to take down the Xiongjian, the king of Chu had a dream. He dreamed that a handsome and tall man wanted to kill him.So a search was ordered, and Mo Xie's son felt guilty and hid in the mountains. In the mountains, he met a knight.After understanding the situation, the knight said that he was willing to avenge him, but he had to borrow two things.One is the male sword, and the other is his head.Mo Xie's son agreed to offer his head and sword, and the swordsman took these two things to the king of Chu.

The king of Chu was ecstatic when he saw the head of the person who wanted to kill him.The knight-errant suggested that he boil the head on fire. After three days and three nights, the head was not rotten.The knight again lured the king of Chu to watch in front of the pot. As soon as the king leaned forward, the knight raised his knife and cut off the king's head.Then, the knight cut off his own head, three of them were boiled in a pot. Look, what a righteous, tragic, and romantic revenge story. The way of individual revenge has a long history and has a long-lasting influence.However, with the passage of time, individual revenge has evolved into group revenge, which is the most terrifying act of destruction.

In the Battle of Changping in the Warring States Period, Qin general Bai Qi defeated Zhao Guo and captured 400,000 Zhao people.At that time, Bai Qi was worried that Zhao's captives would rebel, so he didn't do anything, and killed 400,000 Zhao soldiers overnight, and only released about 200 people to report back to the country. Bai Qi's bad debt was recorded on Qin Guo's head.Many years later, the Qin Dynasty collapsed, so Xiang Yu, the grandson of Xiang Yan, a noble general of the Chu State, attacked Xianyang, defeated the Qin soldiers, and captured 200,000 Qin soldiers.Like Bai Qi back then, Xiang Yu was worried that the group of captives would be too large, and if he lost control, the consequences would be serious, and he would not stop doing two things, killing Qin's 200,000 captives in just one night.

Xiang Yu's life is a life of revenge.All the energy in his body was given to him by the vengeful devil.Following the fire in Efang Palace, he finally subsided the hatred of destroying the country that he had accumulated for many years.However, Xiang Yu did not expect that violence is not omnipotent. He worshiped violence and died of violence. Let's look at Xiang Yu's opponent Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty.Liu Bang also slaughtered the city during his early expeditions.However, Liu Bang was addicted to drinking, but not addicted to killing.On the contrary, he retracts freely.Under the city of Xianyang, there are three chapters of the law. This move is destined to rule the world, and it must be Liu Bang.Liu Xiu's body flows with the blood of the great ancestor Liu Bang.He can allow Geng Yan to massacre the city, but he does not allow Wu Han to burn the palace and rape and kill civilians.

Why is this?If you study it carefully, you will find that there is a lot of knowledge in it. In my opinion, in the confrontational struggle of historical groups, retaliatory massacre must be a political problem in terms of results.However, from the perspective of motivation, it is an economic problem.Political science focuses on the contest between justice and evil, and the balance between the powerful and the weak, while economics focuses on the comparison of cost input and income. From this point of view, we might as well make an in-depth analysis: During the confrontation between Gongsun Shu and Liu Xiu, both sides invested their capital.Gongsun Shu poured all the power of the country, and Liu Xiu basically put all the country's outstanding generals and troops into the battlefield.

The rules of the game of war There is an unwritten rule in ancient times, that is, those who surrender will not be killed, and killing surrender is inauspicious.We exclude a few people like Bai Qi Xiang Yu who don't follow the rules of the game, and most people follow the rules.For example, when Liu Xiu Wangyi led hundreds of thousands of troops to attack Kunyang City, Wang Feng couldn't stand it anymore, so he said he would surrender, but he refused to agree to it. why?Because Wang Yi knew that if Wang Feng surrendered, according to the rules of the game, he would not be able to slaughter the city.

Let's do the math, after Liu Xiu and Gongsun Shu joined forces, how many times did Liu Xiu persuade Gongsun Shu to surrender?I dare not say too many, but there are still two or three times.Even when Gongsun Shu was only left with the isolated city of Chengdu, Liu Xiu said nicely that as long as you were willing to surrender, the assassination of Lai She and Cen Peng would be fine.However, Gongsun Shu refused, because bones are harder than stones. Gongsun Shu refused to surrender during his lifetime, and Yancen could not represent Gongsun Shu.Therefore, Wu Han had no choice but to follow the rules of the game and massacre the city to vent his anger.

In Wu Han's view, there is no more suitable way of revenge than massacring the city.If it is not slaughtered, it will be cheaper for Gongsun Shu, so how to calculate the death of Lai She and Cen Peng?Also, I hit Chengdu City twice and almost died. How can I repay this risk? What is the nature of war?Politics is a special economic model.Low cost and high income are the highest pursuits.However, Wu Han slaughtered the city and insisted on pursuing economic profits, but lost political morality. All transactions that lose morality are failed transactions.It's a pity that Wu Han didn't have enough comprehension and concentration, so he didn't penetrate.No wonder Liu Xiu wanted to slap the table and scold her.