Chapter 15 The Fifteenth Chapter of Anbei's ministers offer suggestions to set up a governor's office and give grace and power

Xiao Yu was awarded by Li Shimin as Doctor Yushi, in charge of Yushitai.Yushitai is mainly responsible for the inspection of the mistakes of hundreds of officials, patrolling the style of prefectures and counties, and is the supervisory agency of the imperial court.Xiao Yu was a special advancer before, Lie Wensan was a second-rank official, and participated in the government affairs, so he had the position of prime minister.Li Shimin did this because he took a fancy to Xiao Yu's honesty, integrity, integrity and honesty, and let him play a role in this position. After Li Jing settled the matter in Qikou, he left Su Dingfang in charge of guarding Dingxiang City, and led the congregants back to the capital to return to their orders.At this time, Li Shi, Li Daliang, Zhang Gongjin, Chai Shao, and Xue Wanche had led the troops back to their original station.When Li Jing arrived at the south bank of the Weishui River, Hou Junji greeted him here on the order of Li Shimin, and the musicians sent Li Jing and others into the capital with music.

Xiao Yu begged to see Li Shimin at this time, and said: "Your Majesty, Li Jing has done a great job in restoring the Eastern Turks. However, if he is unable to defend the army, he is also guilty of great crimes." "The imperial army can't? Li Jing is known as a master of the art of war. Can Xiao Gong be convincing when he says this?" "Li Jing led the troops to attack Jieli Yazhang, but indulged the soldiers and allowed them to plunder and plunder all the Turkic treasures. When Li Jing returned to Beijing this time, I heard that he only brought five carts of treasures back to the treasury. If your majesty doesn't believe it, wait for Li Jing When you are a king, you can check it out yourself."

Li Shimin looked up and thought for a moment, then slowly said: "Yes, how many treasures have the Turks acquired since Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty. Five chariots? Not more than five hundred chariots." Li Shimin's heart moved, thinking of the treasures he had won in previous battles, more than tens of millions.In addition to rewarding meritorious officers and men, these treasures can also be kept privately. As for turning over to the national treasury, of course very few.When he attacked Luoyang, he was ordered by Li Yuan to reward the treasures he had obtained to the meritorious soldiers. Unexpectedly, Li Yuanji, Yin Defei and others went to Li Yuan to slander him.If Li Jing did what he did today, it would be fine if he was really helpless in the imperial army, but Li Jing has always ruled the army very strictly, he has no reason to allow his soldiers to plunder wantonly.Thinking of this, four words suddenly appeared in Li Shimin's mind - "buying people's hearts".

If Li Jing really wanted to buy people's hearts, things would be troublesome.We must know that Li Jing used military aircraft to rule the world. He is currently the Minister of the Ministry of War and holds military power. If he is allowed to develop and gradually become a climate, it will indeed be a troublesome thing.Li Shimin has always been vigilant against Li Jing these years for two reasons: one is that Li Jing is too capable, and the other is that he refused to be loyal to him on the eve of the Xuanwu Gate Change.Li Jing's use of 10,000 troops this time will wipe out the Eastern Turks, which have plagued China for many years.When the news came back, many people praised: "Li Jing is really like a god in using soldiers." That admiration was the same as when he was King of Qin.At this time, Li Shimin suddenly thought of Sima Yi in the Three Kingdoms period. At first, Sima Yi had no dissatisfaction with Cao Wei.

Li Shimin's fluctuating thoughts did not show on his face, he said quietly to Xiao Yu: "After all, Li Jing broke Jieli. With this credit, everything else is trivial. Now that I know about this matter, I will take care of it." Deal with it. Duke Xiao, Yushitai must not impeach Li Jing for this matter." Xiao Yu was very dissatisfied, and said: "Those who have made merits must be rewarded, and those who have committed crimes must be punished. Li Jing has made merits in defeating the enemy, but he has also made mistakes, and he should be held accountable. Your Majesty has always been very clear about rewards and punishments, why is he wavering on this matter?"

Li Shimin sighed, and said: "To govern a country well, if you blindly use straightforward methods, sometimes the effect will not be good. Xiaogong, you can't fight any more, and this matter is settled like this. If Yushitai If someone impeaches this matter, I only ask you." Xiao Yu had no choice but to retreat angrily. On the second day, Li Jing entered the court to offer victory.In front of the officials, Li Shimin smiled and praised Li Jing a lot.He added Li Jing as Dr. Zuo Guanglu, gave him a thousand horses of silk, and added food to one hundred households in the city.After the dynasty was over, Li Shimin asked Li Jing to enter Dongnuan Pavilion and summoned him alone.

Li Jing thought that Li Shimin was good at war, seeing him alone now must be asking about the details of the war.Unexpectedly, the moment he joined the cabinet, he felt that the atmosphere was not right, and Li Shimin stood before the case with a serious face. After Li Jing paid his respects, Li Shimin asked in a deep voice: "Brother Yao, are you guilty?" Li Jing couldn't figure it out immediately, so he could only bow and answer: "I don't know." "You have made great achievements in attacking Jieli, and I have rewarded you just now. However, you were unable to defend the army and plundered all the Turkic treasures. Is this a crime?"

Ever since Li Jing came into contact with Li Shimin, Li Shimin always had a pleasant face, never had he spoken so harshly.He looked up to observe Li Shimin's expression, and saw that his face was ashen and very angry, so he knelt down and said: "This battle is all going on in the dark, and it is true that the soldiers took advantage of the chaos to put away some treasures. Your Majesty, I will later Strictly ordered in the army to let the soldiers voluntarily turn in and make a register, it can be regarded as making up for some mistakes." "China has exported countless treasures to Turks over the years, so why are there only five carts to bring them back?"

"Jieli has produced countless treasures in order to buy other tribes over the years, and there are very few left." "You still dare to argue?" Li Shimin became even more annoyed when he filed the case, "If this matter was caused by the marshals such as Changsun Shunde and Yuchi Jingde, it is understandable, but it happened under your rule. , It should not be. As the Minister of the Ministry of War, you are also the commander in chief of this battle. It is well known in the world that you are the strictest in governing the army, but this happened. It is not a pity that I have lost some treasures. I have read your three volumes of military books, the beginning of which said that "the law of controlling the army is based on strictness". Are your words just for others to read, but you do something else yourself? ?”

Seeing that Li Shimin was really angry, Li Jing kowtowed and said, "I know I was wrong, please ask the emperor to punish me." Li Shimin was still impassioned: "I will not punish you! You go back home today, read your three volumes of military books carefully, and meditate on them." After speaking, he walked away and left Li Jing on the ground. That night Jieli led several people out of Qikou on a thousand-mile horse and fled westward.After thinking about it, he felt besieged on all sides and had nowhere to stay.To the north are Xueyantuo, Huihe and other tribes, to the west is the Western Turks, and to the east and south has become Tang soil.He wanted to cross Longxi and join Tuyuhun who was the enemy of Tang Dynasty.Walking halfway, he suddenly slapped his head and scolded himself: I just lost my head, how could I forget Ashinasheer?

Ashinasheer was the second son of Chuluo Khan and the nephew of Jieli.When Luo Khan was in power at the beginning, he was sent to the northwest of Lingzhou to build teeth, and his tribe had more than 50,000 families.Xieli inherited Chuluo's Khan position, and Ashinasheer did not have much contact with him, and developed independently, but was relatively stable. At this time of panic, Xieli decided to settle down with Ashinasheer first, and then persuaded Ashinasheer to go to Tuyuhun with his camera, so that he had some capital to form an alliance with Tuyuhun, and then develop slowly. I don't want Ashinasheer to have other plans.In the past two years, he felt more and more powerful the Tang Dynasty. Li Daozong, the king of Rencheng stationed in Lingzhou, and Zhang Baoxiang, the deputy commander of the army, were increasingly squeezed northward, which made him feel more and more embarrassed.Now that Jieli escapes here alone, the former powerful khanate will no longer exist.Ashinasheer knew very well that he would have to be destroyed or surrendered in the future. In comparison, if he surrendered as soon as possible, he would be able to complete his tribe.If they surrendered to Xueyantuo, Huihe, Tuyuhun and other tribes, they would only be enslaved.But Datang has always been broad-minded and does not discriminate against foreigners, which made him firm in his belief in descending to Tang.In the middle of the night one day, he had Xieli tied up, and then personally escorted him to Chang'an to meet Li Shimin. Li Shimin was overjoyed when he saw Ashinasheer come to surrender, and he appointed him as General Zuo Xiaowei, and let his tribe still live in the northwest of Lingzhou.For Xieli, Li Shimin used another method. Li Shimin climbed up to the Shuntian Building that day, the building was filled with all kinds of rare cultural relics, extremely luxurious, accompanied by Fang Xuanling, Changsun Wuji, Xiao Yu, Chen Shuda, Wang Gui, Wen Yanbo, Wei Zheng and others.After Li Shimin entered the building, he sat down and asked Tang Jian to call Jieli. Jieli went upstairs listlessly, and saw that his expression was sluggish, and he lost his previous domineering look, and when he saw Li Shimin, he hurriedly bowed down and saluted. Li Shimin said: "Exemption. Jieli, it's been almost four years since we signed the covenant. Thinking back to when you were called a million elite soldiers, why did you lose so quickly?" Jieli bowed his head and did not answer. Li Shimin pointed to the treasures in the building and said, "Jieli, I don't like you very much when I see you today, but I feel very sad for you. How many treasures have you taken from the Middle Earth these years? But when the treasures are endless, look, there are still treasures here. There are treasures all over the building, but it’s a pity that you can’t take them away anymore. In your eyes, there are only treasures and nothing else, which is why you tossed such a huge Khanate to collapse.” Jieli muttered: "You have a saying in China, 'the winner is the king, and the loser is the bandit'. At this point, I have nothing to say." Li Shimin stood up and reprimanded him righteously: "You have nothing to say? I have something to say. You have not been on the throne for a long time, but you have committed five serious crimes: First, you borrowed the career of your father and brother and did not think about starting a business." , you don’t want to be conservative, but indulge in lust and abuse, this is the root cause of your country’s subjugation; two, you are allied with our country, and violate it at every turn; Destroying my crops, plundering my children; five things, I forgive your crimes before, intending to save your country, but you can't delay. If you commit one of these five crimes, you can be beheaded." After Xieli was sent to the capital, he knew that his crime was too great to escape death, and he had long been numb.Hearing Li Shimin's words, he was not afraid in his heart, and said lightly: "I should be executed for my crime, and I don't beg for my life. Only my displaced clansmen, I beg Your Majesty to settle down properly." Li Shimin praised secretly in his heart: Jieli said these words, he is still a bit of a tough guy.He sat down again, and said slowly: "It's good if you know your crime, but I won't kill you. Do you know why? You haven't invaded on a large scale since the Weishui Bianqiao Covenant, and kept our border relatively stable. Only from this One point, and I will spare you the death penalty." Li Shimin said this in his mouth, but he didn't think so in his heart.The reason why he spared Xieli's death penalty had a deeper purpose.Although Jieli's tyranny has lost the hearts of the people, he has been the Great Khan of the Eastern Turks for many years, and many Turkic people still regard him as the leader.If he is beheaded, it will inevitably cause Turkic people's mood swings, and if it is not done well, there will be troubles. Xie Li was determined to die, but when he heard that Li Shimin had spared him the death penalty, after all he had the desire to survive, he couldn't help but shed tears. On the second day, Li Shimin granted Jieli the title of General of the Right Guard, and allocated him a residence to stay in the capital. Li Shimin left Li Jing alone for several days before summoning him alone.Li Shimin's expression was a little calmer at this time, and his words were also very kind. He said: "I asked you to think about the incident last time, but what is the result?" Li Jing paused and said: "Your Majesty should blame the ministers that day. The ministers were unable to defend the army and shamed the emperor. We only hope that the emperor will forgive me. In fact, the emperor's intention is that punishment is not the first priority. He wants the ministers to wake up from the bottom of their hearts. Strictly govern the army, so that the army of the Tang Dynasty will become a mighty army with strict discipline." Li Shimin smiled and said: "Brother Yao said this, I am very relieved. You are indeed guilty of being unable to defend the army. However, I think about it these days, Shi Wansui of the Sui Dynasty broke the Datou Khan, but Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty did not reward him for his meritorious deeds. Other petty crimes will behead him. I am not the case, today I will record your merits and forgive your sins." Li Jing paused and said, "Thank you Your Majesty for your magnanimity." Li Shimin said again: "There is one more thing. If the darkness passes, the position of Shang Shu's right servant will be vacant. After thinking about it these days, I think you are the most Good candidate. You are versatile in both civil and military affairs, yet you still need to serve me in such an important position." Li Jing declined again and again: "I am now the minister of the Ministry of War, and I feel that it is difficult. The minister's right servant is responsible for the prime minister's military and state affairs. The responsibility is very heavy. I am inexperienced. I am afraid it will be difficult for me. Please choose someone else for the best." "Brother Yao, I remember you said before that people are not born to fight wars. Similarly, people are not born to govern. I have made up my mind, you don't want to refuse any more. As for the position of Minister of War, I want Hou Junji to succeed me .Wei Zheng once said that Hou Jun has a lot of talents, so it is time for him to experience it." When Li Jing heard that Hou Junji was going to be appointed Minister of the Ministry of War, he opened his mouth to say something.After thinking about it, the words remained silent for a long time. Li Shimin looked at his words and asked, "Does Brother Yao have anything to say? Can Hou Junji be qualified for the Ministry of War?" Li Jing said carefully: "Hou Junji has been with His Majesty for many years, and he is quite talented. He should be qualified for the post of Secretary of the Ministry of War. It's just..." "Brother Yao, do you have something to hide? By the way, I asked you to teach Hou Junji how to use troops often, but Hou Junji complained to me a while ago that you didn't teach them all. From this point of view, there is no relationship between the two of you." It's very harmonious, if you didn't do your best when you taught, then the responsibility lies with you." Li Jing heard that Hou Junji was suing the imperial court behind his back, and his color remained unchanged. He said lightly, "What Hou Junji said is true. I really didn't teach you some subtleties in the art of war. Now there is nothing wrong with the Central Plains. What he taught is enough to control the barbarians. Does he have any secrets in his heart if he wants to do his best?" Li Jing's words were euphemistic, but Li Shimin could hear the implication: Hou Junji had different ideas in his heart. But Li Shimin didn't think about it at all, he laughed and said: "If a person is obsessed with one thing, he often seeks to get to the bottom of it. It's reasonable for Hou Junji to say this, brother Yao is just being paranoid. If we reason based on this , Senior Brother Yao understands the secrets of military tactics, does he also have different ambitions? Haha, but I have never thought about it this way." Li Jing bowed and said: "Your Majesty is very discerning, and I will never be able to catch up with you." "Well, this matter is settled like this. Before Ruhui died, he was still thinking about settling the Turks. Senior Brother Yao, you arrive as soon as possible, we have to discuss this matter carefully." A few days later, as expected, an imperial edict granted Li Jing the title of Minister of the Right Servant Shooting, and Hou Junji was appointed Minister of the Ministry of War.On this day, Li Shimin came to the political affairs hall to discuss with the ministers about the settlement of the Turks.They had just talked a few words, Li Shimin felt that the number of people was too small to hear a wide range of opinions, so he asked someone to call someone who is also a bachelor. When people learned about today's topic, they felt that the matter was of great importance, so they were silent for a moment. Li Shimin asked Wen Yanbo to bring a stack of memorabilia, checked it casually, and said: "How to settle the Turks is imminent. Some officials have already thought of this festival, and they have come to the memo to express their personal opinions. Among them, Li Daliang, Dou Jing, Li Baiyao and the others spoke more comprehensively. Wen Qing, you choose to read it for everyone." Yan Shigu is now a part-time bachelor of Zhongshu Shilang. He listened carefully to the opinions in the draft, and first said: "Your Majesty, I think Li Daliang, Dou Jing and others are right. If you think about the Turkic people's wolves, their hearts will be full." If they fly away, they will attach themselves to people when they are hungry, and they will come and go in a trance. The minister thinks that they can still live in Monan, but they must disperse their tribes to weaken their power. For the chiefs of the larger tribes, they can marry their clan daughters, so as to Harden your heart." Fang Xuanling immediately disapproved: "Mr. Yan's words are on the old road again. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty did this in the past, and the result? A powerful Eastern Turkic Khanate has been achieved, and it has been a disaster for China for decades. .If we continue to do this today, how can we know whether there will be another khanate in a few decades, which will bury hidden dangers for future generations." The officials nodded repeatedly, feeling that what Yan Shigu said was not a wise move.Xiao Yu said: "The nature of Rong and Di is like a beast. When they are poor, they look pitiful, just like Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty who couldn't understand their nature and set aside rich land for them to live in, which caused great disaster. Xuanling is right. Things like this can no longer be done.” Yan Shigu was still unconvinced, he got up and walked to the case where the memorials were placed, took out a few copies from it, flipped through them briefly, and said: "When these memorials passed through the Ministry of Education, I read them one by one, and most of them are According to people's opinion, all these Turkic people should be moved into the Central Plains, divided into tribes, scattered in various states and counties, and then taught to farm and weave, turning the Hulu into farmers, and emptying the land in the northern part of the Great Wall. This approach is actually to take If the measure of forced assimilation is adopted, regardless of the living customs of the Turkic people, it is easy to lead to major changes. Moreover, the northern part of the Saibei is empty, even if the Turkic people do not live here, it cannot stop other tribes from coming here to nomad. In my opinion, this approach is no better than my wise opinion." Having said that, the focus of the debate has already emerged: one is how to properly resettle the Turks; the other is that northern Saibei has always been the base area for northern nomadic tribes to harass the middle land, so it must be prevented before it happens. Fang Xuanling sighed, and said: "The land in the northern part of the Great Wall should not be underestimated. If it is not handled well, it will become a mess, and the effort of this campaign will be wasted. Thinking that Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, there is nothing he can do about the land in the northern part of the border, so he had to It is useless to build a Great Wall and try to keep the barbarians out of the Great Wall. As for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, although he sent Wei Qing and Huo Qubing to conquer the Xiongnu and won successive victories, it is also a bad idea to resort to military force and waste people's money. The emperor told us today Discussing here is just to find a good way, and we can't simply imitate the past practices." Li Shimin sat on the side and listened carefully to the discussions of the officials without interrupting. Wei Zheng stood up and said, "The Turkic people were our country's bandits and robbers, and they were the great enemy of the people. If they were scattered into the Central Plains, it would easily lead to conflicts. Fang Pu shoots, of course we cannot simply follow the political affairs of the previous dynasty, but Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty There is a reasonable way to resettle Qimin Khan, as long as we disperse them into Monan and manage them a little bit, with the strength of our country, it will be difficult to make it happen." It can be seen that Wei Zheng strongly agrees with Yan Shigu's proposal Opinions, firmly disagree with the Turks scattered into the Central Plains. Wang Gui interjected at this time: "Scattering the Turkic people into the Central Plains will cause conflicts among all parties. If they are included in Monan, after all, it will be beyond our reach and it is very easy to change. Alas, these two methods have their own advantages, but they also have their own extremes. Big flaw." Wen Yanbo used to be the special envoy of the Tang Dynasty, he went to East Turkic many times, and he was familiar with the customs of the Turkic people.Since he entered the hall, he has been listening carefully to other people's opinions, thinking there silently, without saying a word.Seeing everyone arguing there, divided into two factions that focus on inward migration and outflow, his thoughts gradually became clear, so he stood up and said, "You have already said a lot, and Yanbo wants to talk about his own thoughts." Li Shimin interrupted at this time: "If you want to talk about the familiarity of the Turks, Wen Qing is the first, and Tang Jian is the next one. Wen Qing, speak boldly." Encouraged by Li Shimin, Wen Yanbo said in a loud voice: "Your Majesty, the minister's idea is to learn from the strengths of all parties and strive to be safe." He turned his face to the crowd and continued, "Turkic people are used to nomadic on the grasslands. Entering the inland area and forcing them to be peasants is against the nature of things, and it is not the way to keep them. If they are brought into Monan and left unattended, it will be too simple. Therefore, Yanbo thinks that the Xiongnu can be placed in the Wuyuan Fortress according to the time of the Han Dynasty. According to the following story, the Turkic tribes were preserved, their local customs were preserved, and they were placed around Dingxiang. This has two advantages: one is to enrich the empty land in northern Saibei, and it can become a buffer zone from Mobei to the Central Plains; It also shows that our dynasty has no doubts about it. When I say this, I do not simply imitate the practice of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty. Various measures must be supplemented. First, separate the tribes according to the region and establish them according to the state and county system of our country. The organization is led by its leader. On top of it, the governor's office is established, and the central government sends people to be the governor to manage it nearby. Second, select the leaders of each tribe to go to Beijing as officials, and use them as pledges to restrain their tribes from acting rashly." Wen Yanbo’s proposition differs from others in three ways: one is to preserve the Turkic customs, so that they live relatively concentrated in the area from Shuofang to Dingxiang, and the chiefs of each tribe serve as prefects and counties, and implement regional autonomy; When it flowed into the desert, the imperial court strengthened its management nearby, and set up the Protectorate to rule the autonomous prefectures and counties, so as to strengthen the connection with the central government; another leader was selected as an official in Beijing to restrain his tribe; The gradual approach enables them to gradually integrate with the inland people and avoid conflicts that are prone to occur between ethnic groups. When everyone heard Wen Yanbo's proposition, most of them thought that this law was relatively safe, and nodded secretly.Li Shimin asked Li Jing: "Brother Yao, you just fought against the Turks, is what Wen Qing said reasonable?" Every time Li Jing went to a place with a large crowd, he was often taciturn and didn't speak much, which was in great contrast to his all-powerful posture on the battlefield.He listened to everyone's discussion today, and felt that Wen Yanbo's proposition was the most comprehensive and safe. After all, fighting a war is a temporary thing. Fighting a war is not an end, but a means. To ensure long-term peace and stability on the ground, there must be a safe policy Ways to appease it.Seeing Li Shimin coming to ask, he hurriedly said: "Your Majesty, I think what Wen Ling said is the best idea." Wei Zheng over there couldn't help standing up, cupped his hands and said to Li Shimin: "Your Majesty, I dare not agree with Li Pushe's point of view. In fact, what Wen Ling said just now does not stand up to scrutiny, and the disaster is great." Wei Zheng turned his head and questioned Wen Yanbo: "Wen Ling, you have been sent to Turks many times. Don't you know the habits of Turks? There are more than 100,000 people, and you let them live in Shuofang, not far from the capital. After a few years, their population will double, and it must be a confidant’s trouble. You keep saying that you don’t simply imitate the story of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, but I can’t see you doing so What's the difference?" Wei Zheng firmly believed in the Turkic people's human face and animal heart, and wanted to flow them into the desert and let them fend for themselves, so that he wouldn't have to worry about it anymore. Wen Yanbo smiled slightly and said: "Wei Jian, what you said reminds me of a story at the beginning of Zhenguan. At that time, you argued with Feng Deyi, emphasizing that education should be the main way to treat the people, not torture. Overbearing tactics. Less than four years have passed, why did you change your mind?" Wei Zheng was taken aback for a moment, and then argued strongly: "That's right, haven't I been doing this all the time to educate the people of Middle Earth? Wen Ling, the Turkic people live in a barren land and have no basis for education, how can it be applied to What about educational methods?" "Hey, according to what Wei Jian said, the Turkic people are not human beings, so they can't be educated at all?" "The same people, after all, there are differences." "I remember Confucius saying: There is no distinction between education and all things. The Son of Heaven is in all things, and the sky and the earth are overwhelmed. If there are those who belong to me, they must be raised. Wei Jian, now that the Turks have collapsed and belonged to our dynasty, you don't show mercy. It is not the way of a sage to push it into the desert instead. If we do so, it will go against our original intention of "emphasizing education only" and will chill the hearts of the barbarians." Wen Yanbo quoted Confucius' sage words, and then used Wei Zheng's original proposition as a weapon to fight back, which made Wei Zheng speechless for a while.Wei Zheng thought angrily, the target of enlightenment is human beings, since the Turkic people are human beings, if they can't be educated, the truth is really untenable.He was unwilling, so he had to change the point of view of the conversation, and said: "Since Wen Ling quoted the words of the sages, it reminded me of a historical fact in the Jin Dynasty. , Guo Qin, Huitong and others repeatedly persuaded Emperor Wu of Jin to drive these Hu people out of the Great Wall, but Emperor Wu of Jin refused to listen. After more than 20 years, it finally led to the Yongjia Rebellion, which caused the war between Yi and Luo. Become the domain of the barbarians. The past is not far away, can't it be a bright lesson?" "How can our dynasty be compared with the Jin Dynasty? If the country is long and strong, and the four barbarians are all hopeful and attached, if we cherish it with virtue and make them return to their hearts, there will be no rebellion in the end. If the country is short-lived and the country does not survive, what can we talk about?" A strategy to control the barbarians?" The two have debated until now, and it can be seen that each of them has different circumstances.Wen Yanbo has been to Turkic many times as an envoy, and he is familiar with Turkic customs, so he put forward the idea of ​​both care and management based on the actual situation.After all, Wei Zheng had too little contact with foreign affairs, and most of his knowledge of Yi Di came from books, so his views were unavoidably paranoid and old-fashioned. Seeing that the two were arguing there, Fang Xuanling interjected, "There is some truth to what Wen Ling said. Only when a country is strong and prosperous can it have the capital to levy or appease the barbarians. Li Yaoshi's war against the Turks , has achieved a complete victory, the rest is how to caress it. The so-called relaxation and relaxation, Wen Ling's idea is not slow or tight, it can be done, and it can also show my broad mind." Wei Zheng insisted on his own opinion, and he turned to Li Shimin and said, "Your Majesty, since we have learned from the past, we must not use Yan Bo's words. If the Turks are scattered in Shuofang, the so-called raising animals is a legacy." Li Shimin often obeyed Wei Zheng's remonstrance.Today he felt a little abnormal, he felt that Wei Zheng's words were clichéd and unsatisfactory, but instead Wen Yanbo's voice caught his ears and felt fresh. Wen Yanbo was very emotional today, he also turned to Li Shimin and said loudly: "Your Majesty, what Wei Jian said is a bit alarmist. Our country is now saving the Turkic people from extinction, and then giving them careers and etiquette. After a few years, they are all Become close to the people of our country. And choose the head of the chieftain and give him the post of guard in the middle of the capital. The tribe must be afraid of power and virtue, and dare not act rashly, so there will be no troubles!" Li Shimin didn't answer the two directly, but looked at Changsun Wuji, and said, "Wuji, you have been silent there, let's talk about your opinion." Changsun Wuji stood up, bowed and agreed, then looked around the crowd and said, "The ministers have already said a lot about how to arrange the Turkic people, and I don't want to repeat it. Just now when Wei Jian talked about Emperor Wu of Jin, I want to say something on this topic." A few words. Emperor Wu of Jin treated the Hu people who entered the Central Plains with a very strict attitude, and regarded them as objects of oppression and slavery, which eventually aggravated the contradictions between the ethnic groups and caused great changes. The ancestors of Wuji probably entered the Central Plains later, Settled in Luoyang. Compared with the people of the barbarians, the people in the middle lands are only different in customs and language. As for the human nature itself, they are still in common. Like Wei Jian said that the Turkic people have a human face and a beast heart. I don’t agree with it. It is impossible for the ancestors to enter the Central Plains, and Wuji cannot be a minister with everyone. Confucius said it well: There is no distinction between teaching and learning. Your Majesty, from this point of view, I still agree with Wen Ling's proposition." Li Shimin asked Changsun Wuji to speak by name, and some people in the audience had already guessed Li Shimin's tendency: Let Changsun Wuji speak out from his own experience to explain that the defense of Huayi is a man-made thing, not human nature. Sure enough, Li Shimin took over the topic as soon as the elder Sun Wuji finished speaking, and said: "Wuji said well. The defense of Hua and Barbarians is a man-made thing. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been deeply rooted in the hearts of everyone. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the barbarians of the four directions have gradually After integrating into China, the domestic personnel structure has undergone tremendous changes. If you still hold the statement in the book unchanged and blindly treat the Turkic people with a fixed perspective, there will be deviations." Speaking of this, he intentionally or unintentionally glanced at Wei Zheng At this time, Wei Zheng was closing his eyes to ponder Li Shimin's words, and did not meet his gaze. Li Shimin went on to say: "I heard everyone's discussion just now, and I have been thinking about this question in my heart: With the abilities of Qin Shihuang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, and the prosperity of the country, they still cannot subdue Rong and Di. What is the reason? They The soldiers are strong and the horses are strong, and they are victorious in all battles. Their force can be said to be strong. Wei Qing, can you tell me?" Wei Zheng hadn't turned the corner until now, he got up and cupped his hands and said, "Your Majesty, I can't think of the reason for the moment." Li Shimin signaled Wei Zheng to sit down, and then said: "They blindly use force to conquer and suppress, forgetting the words of grace and power. Since ancient times, the monarchs of all dynasties have valued the people of China, and despised the people of barbarians and Di. Bridging, the more the cracks get bigger, so dealing with the barbarians and Di people in the four directions has become an unresolvable chronic problem. From today on, I want to treat the Chinese, barbarians, and Di people as one, and love them as one, without distinction .” Wei Zheng stood up again and said, "Your Majesty treats them with such a broad mind, which is really good news for them. However, can the barbarians understand the emperor's painstaking efforts? If they do the opposite and follow the story of Zhongshan wolf, I am really worried. .” Li Shimin said leisurely: "The grievances and grievances between Hua and Yi have lasted for thousands of years. It is impossible to rectify them in a short period of time. Now that our country is getting stronger and stronger, from below me, the Yi and Di people are regarded as one family. After a long time, they will be able to understand it slowly. The country is strong and does not bully others. For this alone, they will be grateful. Not long after the new death of the East Turks, the people from all over the world are watching how our country will deal with them. If it is handled properly , it will have a great impact." His voice suddenly paused, and then he raised his tone slightly: "Everything you say has its reasons. I think what Wen Qing said is comprehensive and safe, and you can try it out." Li Shimin finally adopted Wen Yanbo's strategy, everyone was shocked, of course Wei Zheng was the most shocked.Li Shimin didn't wait for Wei Zheng to speak, stepped up to Wei Zheng's side, stretched out his hand to stroke his back and said, "Wei Qing, your method is too simple for me to adopt. As Wen Qing said, it was obviously made after careful consideration. It’s a new approach that hasn’t been tried.” Wei Zhengli stood up and said: "What I said just now, I have come here with all my heart and soul. I just ask the emperor to be careful. Today, the emperor finally adopted Wen Ling's proposition. He thought that Wen Ling knew both internal and external affairs in the past, and had his own strengths, which coincided with the emperor. Since the emperor has decided on the national policy today, even though my mind is dull, I will think about it slowly after the meeting, and I can always figure it out." Li Shimin smiled slightly and praised: "Well, Wei Qing thinks like this, which is very much in line with my wishes. I used to listen to your advice, but today I didn't listen to your advice. Don't you blame me?" "I dare not." Li Shimin laughed, returned to his seat, and said: "Wen Qing, just follow your suggestion and immediately draw up an edict. The first thing in the edict is to state that our country regards Huayi as one, and there should be no artificial distinction. It is very difficult to do, but it must be done. Our monarchs and ministers have reached a consensus here today. In the future, we must let the officials and people of the Central Plains gradually understand this truth, and let the Siyi get rid of their fear. Now that the Turkic people are resettled, that is Let people in the world understand this truth. "In fact, people in the world have a consensus that Huayi is one family, so many disasters will not happen. Wuji's ancestors were Hu people, but now he has become a royal relative and an important minister in the court. Isn't this a good example? ?My China is a great country. If I don’t have a broad mind of tolerance and tolerance, I will be inferior. I have thought about it. This time, we must take into account their original local customs and treat them as our own. A member of China must be managed by the imperial court system, and cannot be left alone. Like the original jurisdiction of Jieli, it can be divided into six prefectures, and its leader is elected as the governor. The post of governor can be ordered by the imperial court. Above the prefecture, set up the Dingxiang Dudufu, which will be managed by the imperial court; the original jurisdiction of Tuli can be divided into four prefectures, and the Yunzhong Dudufu will be set up to unify the people. "As I said just now, it will take time to make the Hua and Yi truly become one. During this process, it is necessary to use restraints to contain them. Xuanling, Brother Yao, whoever is the official of these Turkic leaders in Beijing, Whoever returns to the tribe will rule the crowd, the two of you must plan carefully and strive to be complete." Fang Xuanling and Li Jing bowed to receive the order. However, a few days later, an edict was issued, and the original land of Xieli was divided into Ade Prefecture, Zhishi Prefecture, Sunong Prefecture, Bayan Prefecture, Ashina Prefecture, and Sheli Prefecture; the original land of Tuli was analyzed into Shunzhou, In Suanzhou, Huazhou, and Changzhou, the tribal leaders served as governors respectively. Tuli was awarded the title of governor of Shunzhou. In order to win over his heart, he gave his younger brother the title of General You Xiaowei and stayed in Beijing.Other tribal leaders who came out of Beijing to serve as governors also had close relatives who were worshiped as generals and generals of the middle class.However, although they have official positions, they do not hold real power in the military. As for Jieli, he was still stationed in Beijing as General Youwei.Li Shimin thinks that Xieli has a rebellious personality and is the leader of the Turkic tribe. If he is released from Beijing, there will be big troubles. Tuli has been preparing for the past few days.On this day, Li Shimin called Tuli into the palace to give a banquet, and there were also Shi Danai, Zhi Shili, Ashina Sheer, Association Rate, Ashina Simo and others. Li Shimin held the wine cup in his hand, looked at Tuli and said: "Brother Tuli, I know that you are planning to travel in the near future. I will prepare a banquet to celebrate with you today. It is time to see you off. From now on, you will lead your people to live outside the Great Wall and want to see you." It will take a lot of trouble on the one hand. Come, let's have a drink first." Everyone drank up the cups according to the words, Tuli knew that Li Shimin was not good at drinking, and he drank all the Saibei strong wine today, and was moved: "Your Majesty, I am grateful for the banquet, this wine is too much. Lie, the emperor must not drink too much." "I was able to get drunk with you today, and I really enjoyed myself. Alas, when I see you next time, I don't know what year and month it will be." Tu Li choked with sobs and said: "I am actually willing to serve the emperor in Beijing for the rest of my life, and I don't want to stay away. The emperor's order is hard to violate, so I have to say goodbye to the emperor." Li Shimin nodded and said: "You have suffered such a great change, and your vitality has been greatly injured. You have a good reputation among the tribe, and it is time for you to lead them to reorganize their family business and restore their vitality. Like Jieli, the reputation among the tribe is too bad. , if you let him go back, if you don't want to harm the people, let him meditate in Beijing. If there is a day when he changes his mind, I will let him go back. Brother Tuli, can you understand what I said? Are you painstaking?" 突利流泪道：“陛下不计前嫌，以德报怨，事事为我族人着想，实与日月同辉。唉，想起往事，实在不敢与陛下正视。至于颉利，就让他在皇上身边，日日被感化，这样大有好处。” “嗯，是这样。突利兄弟，你临行之前，朕有几句话送给你，望你细加体味，并知闻其他族人。” “臣洗耳恭听。” “当初，你的祖父启民挺身投隋，文帝立其为大可汗，渐渐据有了塞北之地。到了你父始毕可汗，他欺中国内乱势弱，与隋朝反目成仇。后来，处罗、颉利继承他的做法，欺凌华夏，掠我子女，索我珍宝，虽取得一时之利，奈天道不容，遂致今日败亡。朕对朝中大臣说过，要使天下安定，须华夷一体，互容共存。对突厥族而言，与华夏和睦，则诸事兴旺，若反目成仇贪图小利，则为败亡之道。” “臣明白，定当牢记在心。” “朕所以不立你为可汗，即是以乃祖乃父为鉴。朕现在授你为刺史，希望你及族人谨守国法，勿相侵扰。朕这样做，非是单单求我朝久安，也是想让你的宗族永得安宁啊。突利兄弟，你明白朕的这番苦心吗？” “臣明白，臣明白。陛下的这番警言，臣不仅牢记在心，还要让族人及子子孙孙明白。谨遵皇帝陛下的法度。” 列席的执失思力等人，闻言也大为感动。 李世民话锋一转，叹道：“这些话说着容易，做起来就难了。像各族人之间的猜忌之心，岂是数道诏令就能完全解决了的？突利兄弟，我们明白了这个道理，可以一点一滴来做，逐步取得大家的信任。像定襄都督府让大柰为都督，云中都督府让执失思力为都督，朝中就有许多人反对，坚持让汉官为任，朕不依其言。大柰，执失思力，朕任你们为都督，代表朝廷去管理你们的族人，朕视你们与汉官无异啊。” 座中之人皆为突厥之血性男儿，闻听李世民这番发自肺腑的动情之言，无不血脉贲张，内心折服。 此后不久，突利等人逐个到任，开始安营扎寨，招抚族人。薛延陀酋长夷男，闻听李世民如此处置突厥之众，不禁感叹道：“突厥欺凌唐室日久，如今被破，若换了我，定将其众悉数为奴，以报前仇。唐皇这样做，委实是以德报怨，如此胸襟令人感叹啊。”遂挑选贡物，派使送往长安，向李世民祝贺收复东突厥。 唐朝以突厥人为吏实行自治的消息很快传了出去，突厥人闻讯纷纷从四方前来投奔。这日，突利之弟欲谷设带领族人入长安投降。东突厥被打散后，欲谷设率领族人向西遁去，欲投奔高昌，闻听唐朝礼待突利，遂折向东降了唐朝。李世民亲自出面接待欲谷设，以好言抚慰，尊重其意见让其随突利居住。 一日，从岭南传来消息，蛮族酋长冯智戴及冯盎举兵反叛。侯君集此时为兵部尚书，心想南蛮势力较小，若派兵去讨定可一举灭之，也可扬大唐军威。新官上任三把火，他急忙令人写好表章到朝中申奏。 这份表章到了政事堂，群臣意见顿时分为或剿或抚两派。萧瑀及王珪赞成兵部的意见，萧瑀说道：“蕞尔南蛮居地偏之所，动辄作乱，须让他们知道天兵的厉害。此次东突厥被妥善安置，也是李药师领兵征讨在前。先剿再抚，比较稳妥。” 房玄龄与李靖比较持重，房玄龄说道：“南蛮势力不大，出兵征讨定然完胜。可是皇上刚刚定下以德感之的策略，若大军一出，四夷定会惊惧不已，影响太大。” 李靖沉吟道：“南方已安定多日，冯智戴他们按理不应该举兵反叛。京城去岭南路程太远，若属讹传消息，那也是可能的。” 王珪不赞成，反驳道：“皇上确实定下以德感之的策略，然也说过恩威并重之语。现在蛮夷反叛，若畏手畏脚迟迟疑疑，其势必会波及四邻，酿下更大的祸端。” 他们在这里争执不休，最后只好由李世民定夺。 李世民并不急着回答，而是目视魏征说：“贞观之初，有许多人上疏云：'人主当独运威权，不可委之臣下。'又说：'应当震耀威武，征讨四夷。'独魏卿劝朕：'偃武修文，中国既安，四夷自服。'朕用魏卿之言，果然收到效果。今颉利被擒，其酋长或在京带刀宿卫，或依制度管理部落。魏卿，朕这些日子常想，能有今日的成果，皆是你的功劳，只是可惜封德彝未见今日局面。” 魏征谢道：“突厥破灭，海内康宁，皆陛下威德，臣并无功劳。” 李世民摇头道：“朕任用卿等为重臣，卿等能堪其任，成就今日功业，岂能是朕一人的功劳？魏卿，请勿推却。”李世民这几天，一直思索魏征那日与温彦博的一番争论。他想不通素来见识非凡的魏征，何以在这个问题上固执其陈腐之见。贞观之初，魏征力主对百姓施以教化手段，同样是人，他对突厥人却有了分别。看来人之思虑皆有自身之局限，以魏征之能，尚不能免俗，何谈他人？ 李世民又问道：“魏卿，刚才温卿简略说了两派的主张，想你应该归入安抚一派？” “臣主张安抚，不可妄动刀兵。” “你既这样说，朕就加入安抚一派吧。温卿，你知事政事堂，今后再有这等小事，只要不失了朝廷本意，你们须当堂定之，不可再来扰朕。” 温彦博躬身领旨。 后日，鸿胪寺派使一名，持节前往岭南宣谕。那冯智戴及冯盎本心并不想反叛，只是因为与邻近官府不睦，遂生龃龉，这些天又听说朝中欲派大军来镇压，正在那里惊惧不已。猛见天使来到，又听其宣讲了皇上之谕，其词恳切，意甚抚慰，不由得将担足了的心事放了下去。那名来使顿时成了座上宾，冯智戴、冯盎使出浑身解数，百般侍候。他们感恩皇上大德，要求随来使一同返京面圣。 两人在两仪殿见到李世民，在那里叩头不已，口称：“臣等万万不敢有反心，奈何与相近州府不睦，其动辄欺凌我等，更放流言说臣等要反。所幸皇上圣明，降恩抚慰，臣等感激涕零。” 李世民见一场刀兵之事消弭为无形，龙心大慰，回顾群臣道：“边境动辄来讯说有人要反，也不究其原因。人若不陷入绝境，怎么会轻易要反呢？”他轻声唤两人：“起来吧，站起来说话。” 李世民发现冯智戴所说中土之语很是流利，大为诧异，问道：“冯智戴，你为南蛮酋长，缘何会说一口流利的中土之语？” 冯智戴躬身禀道：“臣父向来羡慕中土文字，臣幼小之时，臣父就礼聘一名教师，专门教授臣习诵《四书》、《五经》，若不是遭逢乱世，臣还幻想入京赶考呢。” “这么说，你定是会吟诗作赋了？” “臣水平不高，约略能凑上几句。” 李世民转向萧瑀道：“萧公，你出一题，让其吟之。” 萧瑀躬身道：“他们入京面圣，极想得到皇上的恩泽，还请陛下命题最好。” 李世民不再推辞：“嗯，好吧，可是来一个什么题儿呢？”这时，庭院内几只栖在树上的乌鸦被惊起，“呱呱”地绕着屋檐飞行，李世民笑道：“冯智戴，你看，外面有乌鸦飞起，此为题面，你试咏之。” 冯智戴扭头向窗外看去，心中酝酿着诗句，想起自己千里迢迢来京，无非是为了族人能安居乐业，遂吟道： 此诗句一吟出口，群臣击节叫好。李世民满面笑容，说道：“你既吟乌鸦，更引申他意。不想边鄙酋长，竟然有如此才高之人。冯智戴，你不用忧心。朕将全树皆赏给你，岂唯一枝可依？” 冯智戴与冯盎又复下拜，齐声道：“谢陛下。” 萧瑀赞道：“冯智戴之诗，堪与三国时曹子建之七步诗媲美。只不过曹子建当时面临杀头之厄，而冯智戴今日蒙陛下赐题，顿成章句，流传后世，即是一段佳话了。” 李世民又命二冯平身，轻声道：“朕今后对四夷之人，多加恩信，不动辄胁之以兵威。东突厥破灭之后，朕收拢其众，妥善安置，使其安居乐业，想你们应该听说过。自今以后，你们可安心带领族人，与中土之人和睦相处。冯智戴，你每年至少要入京一回，朕还想欣赏你的诗才。” 冯智戴躬身答应。 此后，朝廷将冯智戴所辖之地更名为归思州，以冯智戴为刺史；将冯盎所辖之地更名为述昆州，以冯盎为刺史。这两州皆属羁縻府州性质，隶属桂州都督府管理。