Chapter 23 Chapter 6: Looking for a way out——2 Entering Zhongnanhai once

He Kaiyin thought it over and over again, and finally made a decision: go directly to the central government. Finally, he retitled this newly written article "Some Ideas on Deepening Rural Reform" and handed it to Shen Zurun, a reporter from the Anhui Branch of Xinhua News Agency.He believes that it is more appropriate to hand over this kind of article to such a news organization. Sure enough, Xinhua News Agency soon published "Internal Reference", and "People's Daily" compiled and distributed a special "Supplementary Page" for this purpose. ", the most detailed overview of the viewpoints and arguments in his article.And prominently wrote:

"Comrade He Kaiyin believes that if this method is implemented, agriculture will be able to get out of the predicament that has been lingering for many years, but this is a relatively large move. The current situation requires stability, and no one dares to act rashly. He asked to report to the leading comrades of the State Council to obtain support. .If a county can be selected as a pilot, I believe it will be affirmed and welcomed by the masses like the 'big contract', at least in the grain-producing areas without self-promotion." At the same time that Xinhua News Agency and People's Daily forwarded the "Internal Reference" and "Supplementary Page", and the Research Office of the State Council compiled and distributed "Decision-making Reference", Zhang Xuetao, deputy director of the General Office of the Anhui Provincial Government, also published He Kaiyin's article on their "Government Affairs Internal Reference".Those internal references forwarded to the central decision-making level may not be seen in the province, but this "concept" published in the province's "Government Internal Reference" still attracted the attention of Anhui Provincial Party Committee and provincial government leaders.Lu Rongjing, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, made a comment and suggested that comrades in relevant departments should discuss it; Meng Fulin, deputy secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, clearly pointed out that "the article written by Comrade He Kaiyin is very good", and also proposed to ask the Provincial Agricultural Economic Commission to invite relevant departments and experts to study it once.Shao Ming, executive vice governor, and Wang Sheyun, deputy governor in charge of agricultural work, both hoped to organize relevant experts to demonstrate and conduct a small-scale pilot project.Vice Governor Long Nian, who is in charge of industry, is even more clear-cut. Within a week of reading the article in the "Concept", he issued two instructions, fully affirming: "This is an important suggestion"; Try it in individual areas."

In short, many leaders of the provincial party committee and the provincial government attach great importance to it.Regrettably, the situation at that time was just as stated in the "Decision-Making Reference" compiled and issued by the Research Office of the State Council: "This is a relatively large move. The current situation requires stability, and no one dares to act rashly." Led by the Anhui Provincial Agricultural Committee Although the expert demonstration meeting was held, what was discussed at the meeting was not whether He Kaiyin's reform ideas had practical significance for deepening rural reform, but whether it was in harmony with or contrary to the "governance and rectification" work that was being vigorously carried out across the country at that time. .

The conclusion is obvious: during the period of governance and rectification, why are we still talking about "deepening reforms"! Therefore, in the name of the organization, the Provincial Agricultural Committee wrote an argumentation report to the Provincial Party Committee. The report believed that Comrade He Kaiyin's ideas on deepening rural reform did not conform to the current policies and regulations. Due to the denial of the demonstration meeting, the main leaders of the provincial party committee never intervened again.Other provincial leaders who want to ask are inconvenient to ask again.The research results of He Kaiyin's painstaking efforts were shelved like this, and nothing happened.

He Kaiyin felt helpless with nowhere to serve his country. In January 1991, He Kaiyin's article on "Science and Technology is the Primary Productive Force" won the second prize of the State Science and Technology Commission's paper solicitation. When he was in Beijing to receive the award, he was unexpectedly invited to report to the State Council Research Office.The news made him very excited. That day was February 2, 1991.For the first time in his life, he walked into the sacred and mysterious Zhongnanhai, and came to the office building next to Ziguang Pavilion.He was received by Yu Guoyao, the head of the Rural Economic Group of the State Council Research Office.

He Kaiyin reported on the ideas and specific ideas for further improving and developing the "big contract" in agriculture, from suggesting the implementation of the long-term contract responsibility system for cultivated land, to suggesting the reform of agricultural taxation and fee coordination, to suggesting the cancellation of the state ordering of grain and the dual-track system of grain prices, Completely and thoroughly liberalize the market and prices of agricultural products, directly talk about the establishment and improvement of a socialized service system based on science and technology, the development of a regional-scale rural commodity economy, and the reform of the rural household registration system to break the rigidity of the urban-rural dual structure. ice.

When it comes to these topics that he has been researching with great concentration in recent years, He Kaiyin can't finish talking. Yu Guoyao listened carefully.When He Kaiyin mentioned that he had finally written his many years of thinking into the article "Some Ideas on Rural Reform", Yu Guoyao told him that Premier Li Peng also saw this article in "Decision-Making Reference" and appreciated the article's views. Premier Li Peng also mentioned He Kaiyin’s proposal on the “tithe” tax when he had a discussion with the rural group of the research office, saying: “The ordering of grain contracts has been changed to state ordering, which emphasizes that farmers should do their duty to contribute to the country, and the quantity remains unchanged. One hundred billion catties. Some people suggest that the next step should be tax collection and tithe tax. If the output reaches one trillion catties in the future, it will be 100 billion catties. China has had a tithe tax since ancient times. Experts proposed It is recommended to adopt this method to stabilize the relationship between farmers and the state, and what method to adopt with the development of the commodity economy should be discussed in the long term.”

He Kaiyin was really encouraged to hear that his suggestion had attracted the attention and appreciation of the Prime Minister.I really wanted to know more about the various reactions to his article from above. At this time, Yu Guoyao talked about his original intention of inviting him to report in person. Yu Guoyao said: "The problem now is how to turn this idea into a workable plan. My understanding of the Prime Minister's 'long-term plan' is that it is not appropriate to take major actions because it is still in the period of governance and rectification; and for this idea There are still some different views. Therefore, I suggest that you can conduct further in-depth investigations, demonstrate in detail, come up with an operable measure plan, report to the provincial party committee and provincial government leaders, and start a pilot first. It can be piloted within a county, or it can be done in a town first. If the pilot is successful, the following article will be easy to write."

What Yu Guoyao said made He Kaiyin very excited.Just considering that I went to Zhongnanhai alone and took on such a big task, it seemed unfair, so I asked: "Can I ask the Prime Minister to sign a written opinion, so that I can have an explanation when I go back." "Inappropriate." Yu Guoyao explained, "If the leader signs it, it will become the intention of the central government. Not only can you do it in Anhui, but you can do it in other places as well. If you do it, you will get into trouble. Use your thinking to fix you. If you do your pilot project, the effect will be better; if others don’t have this idea and idea, if they just follow the gourd, they may not be able to do a good job.”

When He Kaiyin thought about it, there was some truth to it.He nodded understandingly and said, "I understand." Yu Guoyao also encouraged: "Agricultural 'big dry contract' was first established in Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County, Anhui Province. A Xiaogang Village was successfully piloted and soon became popular all over the country. From this point of view, as long as it meets the requirements of the country and the majority The interests of the peasants, even if it is just a good method tried out by a village, can be self-promoted.” When it comes to big contracts, He Kaiyin naturally has a lot to say.He has always believed that the second step of reform in China's rural areas can only be a perfection and development of the big contract.Thinking of the "Left" trend of thought that was blowing up in the society that attempted to deny the big contract, he frankly expressed his views to Yu Guoyao.He believes that reform is like sailing against the current. If you do not advance, you will retreat. However, there is no way out for reform, and the consequences of retreating are unimaginable.

Yu Guoyao agreed with He Kaiyin's opinion.On the topic of rural reform, the two have a lot of consensus.Therefore, in the office in the Zhongnanhai Gongzi Building, on the coldest day of the year in the capital, one holds an important position and the other is just a local senior agronomist, but the two talked very congenially for more than two hours , talking very excitedly. At the end, Yu Guoyao held He Kaiyin's hand, shook it vigorously and said, "I hope Anhui will take another good lead in deepening rural reforms!" He Kaiyin nodded, and couldn't help laughing at himself.It can be seen that Yu Guoyao, the head of the rural group of the State Council Research Office, asked him to report on his work and put forward those ideas. It was not Yu Guoyao's personal behavior; but he, He Kaiyin, completely represented himself. At least, at that time, he could not represent an "Anhui "Yes, even a township or a village cannot be represented. However, it was Yu Guoyaolin's hope that made He Kaiyin secretly determined, and he was going to turn this hope into reality through his own efforts. He believes that Anhui has made great contributions to the first step of reform in China's rural areas, and the history of the second step of reform will definitely start from the land of Anhui! In April 1991, after another in-depth investigation and evidence collection, He Kaiyin came up with a workable implementation plan: "Fundamental Measures for Developing the Rural Commodity Economy-Some Ideas on Deepening Rural Reform". In this "vision", he proposed ten measures for deepening rural reform. This is already a comprehensive reform program.He believes that the new contradictions and new problems existing in the current rural areas are already complicated, and the next step in the reform of the rural areas must be promoted as a whole.To this end, he discussed the reform of the rural land system, the reform of the rural tax and fee system, the reform of the rural household registration system, the reform of the rural property rights system, as well as the rural management system, financing system, labor force transfer system, technology system, social security system, Corresponding reform measures have been formulated for the construction of spiritual civilization and the reform of the grain purchase and sales system. Of course, advancing as a whole does not mean advancing at the same time, let alone grasping the eyebrows and beards.He clearly pointed out that the reform of the land system and the tax and fee system should be taken as a breakthrough. He has designed these reform measures in a very specific way.For example, in terms of stabilizing the long-term stability of the joint production contract responsibility system, he suggested that farmers be given the right to use the contracted cultivated land for 30 to 50 years, increasing the number of people without increasing the land, and reducing the number of people without reducing the land, which can be transferred with compensation and can be mortgaged Participate in collective management and partially restore the commodity attributes of the land; for example, implement the reform of the collection method of agricultural taxes and fees. Entering the country, returning fees to the village, strict revenue and expenditure, open accounts, etc. Many of his reform ideas are mostly written in concise, easy-to-understand and catchy terms.Most of this is related to his long-term rural work experience and his deep understanding of the way of farmers. As soon as the written report materials were printed out, he first sent them to the two main leaders of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government through Liu Xueyao and Yu Yanlu, the secretary of the Provincial Party Committee Secretary Lu Rongjing, and Fang Ning and Zhai Qingdang, the secretary of the Governor Fu Xishou. .Of course, he also distributed it to the relevant deputy secretary of the provincial party committee and the deputy governor in time. In a flash, three or four months passed.There has been no movement in the reports he sent up, which made He Kaiyin start to feel uneasy. He thought that this was obviously related to the "argumentation report" held by the provincial agricultural committee last time with negative opinions.However, he has explained in the report the suggestion made by the head of the rural group of the State Council Research Office when he was interviewed, and the speech delivered by Premier Li Peng! He Kaiyin is like falling into a fog for five miles. In July of this year, the Development Research Center of the State Council called He Kaiyin and invited him to Changchun City to participate in a "National Symposium on Rural Issues" jointly sponsored by the "Farmers Daily" and the Jilin Provincial People's Government.Moreover, just before this, the "Farmer's Daily" had already published his ideas on deepening rural reforms in "Rural Situation" and specially wrote an "editor's note". The phone call from Beijing, and the "Rural Situation" reposting his ideas on deepening rural reforms, gave He Kaiyin, who was depressed, a shot in the arm.At least, it can be explained that the Development Research Center of the State Council has been paying attention to his research work; as the official newspaper of the Ministry of Agriculture, the "Farmers Daily" also supports his "concepts". has gone nationwide.Of course, he hopes that more rural policy researchers will participate, and he also hopes that by participating in this seminar held in Changchun, he can discuss China's rural issues with colleagues from all over the country. He went to the director of the office with excitement.Because of his excitement, he didn't even think to pay attention to the face of his immediate boss, so he reported the phone call from Beijing, hoping to get support.Unexpectedly, the director's attitude was very cold: "I don't agree to go." "Why?" He Kaiyin was puzzled.Because the research office is doing investigation and research work, and the Development Center of the State Council can invite the staff of this office to participate in such a national conference. As the head of the office, he should be happy and proud. However, the director didn't answer any more, and just went about his own business without looking up.He Kaiyin was dumbfounded. He couldn't bear it anymore and went to find Liu Yongnian, deputy secretary-general of the provincial government.When Liu Yongnian heard that He Kaiyin was invited to participate in a national seminar, his attitude was very clear, and he said happily: "You should go, this is Anhui's honor!" With the words of Deputy Secretary-General Liu Yongnian, He Kaiyin rushed to the station that morning and bought a train ticket to Changchun.Unexpectedly, as soon as he got to work in the afternoon, the director immediately asked He Kaiyin: "Have you bought the ticket?" He Kaiyin said confidently: "I bought it." Asked back: "Why should I give it to you?" "You can't go to this meeting!" He Kaiyin said: "Deputy Secretary-General Liu has approved me to go!" The director of the research office spoke very hard, "Deputy Secretary-General Liu Yongnian? He can still Is there a university in the province?" He Kaiyin was stunned: "Could it be that the provincial leaders don't agree with me going?" The director stopped talking.But he still unquestionably asked He Kaiyin for the ticket. However, He Kaiyin was skeptical about this matter. He didn't believe that as a provincial leader with so much important work to do, he would be interested in such a trivial matter.If this is really what the governor meant, what does it mean?Is it because the provincial leaders have been engaged in metallurgical work in Ma'anshan earlier, and they are not familiar with agricultural matters and do not pay attention to them?Or in view of the current sensitive situation of "rectification and rectification", are you afraid that he, a member of the government department, will go to a national meeting to stir up trouble in Anhui?Back home, He Kaiyin was puzzled all the time, and couldn't even eat.It wasn’t until I was lying on the bed that I suddenly realized that after the provincial government office edited and distributed his article “Government Affairs Internal Reference”, many deputy governors who were in charge of agricultural work and who were not in charge of agricultural work either gave instructions or made it clear attitude, only the main leaders have so far remained noncommittal. Now, one thing is absolutely clear, that is, it is impossible to go to the Changchun Conference again.If an ordinary researcher in the government office has trouble with the highest chief executive, the consequences can be imagined. He Kaiyin had to give up the Changchun meeting.