Chapter 48 In the third section, next to the Temple of the Horse, there is a piece of Shenyashe drum

Hu Shi stayed in Shanghai for a while and then went to Nanjing to report on his work. On the morning of July 29, he took a flight to Peiping.In order to express their respect for the leader of the Confucian League, Li Zongren, Xiao Yishan, Wu Zhuren, party and state officials in Peking, and Fu Sinian, Zheng Tianting, Tang Yongtong, Zheng Huachi and other celebrities from Peking University made a special trip to the airport to greet him.The slightly old and tired Hu Shi, surrounded by the crowd, drove into the city and saw the long-lost Beiping City through the car window. The Nine Army withdrew from Peiping. Nine years ago yesterday, I flew from Lushan Mountain to Nanjing. The next day I knew that both Pingjin and Tianjin had fallen.” Unexpectedly, nine years later, the arrogant Japanese army has disappeared without a trace. Hu Shi returned to his hometown as the principal of Peking University, but compared with 9 years ago, his temples are gray and he is no longer young.At this time, Peking University is no longer the Peking University of the past.

In the previous year, Fu Sinian, out of loyalty, love and responsibility for his alma mater, Peking University, used his cannonball personality and superhuman handling ability to "level the world" for Hu Shi, and let President Hu return to China to enjoy the benefits.But Fu is also clearly aware of the complexity of the problem and the cruelty of reality.In the initial period after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Fu Sinian called Hu Shi in the United States many times to report the demobilization of the school and urged Hu to return to the school to take power as soon as possible. moon".But Hu Shi stayed in the United States for a long time and refused to show up. Fu Sinian was very troubled and distressed. On October 17, 1945, Fu Sinian wrote a long letter to Hu Shi, reporting the demobilization of Peking University and urging him to return. Maybe no one thought that the attack was ferocious (Song Jiang came out and Li Kui was the vanguard), so they had doubts. I was the one who suffered the most. Mr. Meng Lin didn't forgive me, and made trouble for Liu, so I have to ask him to come back early, and then everything can go on as usual. I have been under extreme anxiety and tension these days. When I attended the United Nations Educational Conference, something happened again. Li Shi once attacked Li Xian for not sending him. Song Ziwen refused to let Li Xian go. It was even more difficult for Li Xian to work with Ziwen. , and Mr. Jie supported Liuxian, so Liuxian could not resign. Stubbornness (stubbornness), how long we can support it is uncertain. Peking University will definitely support it first, but the future is the same, so we can only persevere. No matter what the future is, we can always be better than it outlive) these delusional people." He also said, "After Peking University returns, everyone has to recover. Peking Normal University, Liu first allowed him to reset Peking Normal University, and they are still fighting for 'university'. I don't think it has anything to do with it. And Peking University also Making a fuss about recovery (supported by Li Wu) is simply messing with us. Mr. Liu will never relax, and Mr. Jie doesn’t want him to reply, but it’s not over yet....For our Peking University, these disputes are caused, so that Li Wu wants to overthrow Mr. Liu In the future, Ziwen and Liu will have a hard time cooperating with each other (they used to be good friends), and I'm afraid there will be more!"

In addition to involving and resolving these petty personnel disputes, Fu Sinian also talked to Hu Shi about sensitive issues such as his school-running plan, department setup, and personnel employment with great enthusiasm, such as: Philosophy (Tang): The core members of this department are Tang, Chen Kang (Greek Philosophy) and Wang Jun of the Agreement (logicist of the Vienna School), and He and Zheng. Department of Chinese Literature: Erluo is getting worse and worse. Sun Zishu, Sun Shucheng, and Yu Pingbo are struggling to observe festivals in Beiping (the three seem to be optional), and there are also very good people in linguistics.This department definitely has a solution, but there is no director.

Department of History: Congwu, Yisheng, Zishui, Xiangda.It must be enriched.Shouyi must be pulled back, the sooner the better.This department can be supplemented by someone from the Institute of History and Philology. Zhou Yiliang, Wang Yuquan, Hu Xianjin, and Mr. Qi made a decision on the spot after consideration. Departments of the Faculty of Science: Mathematics is substantial, but unfortunately most of them are abroad.Physics is very good, but also can add people.Zeng Zhaolun is very enthusiastic about chemistry, but there are too few people.Things [land] are empty, but there is a way, because Peking University had this department long ago, and most of the second generation of this department were from Peking University, Yi La. (Being from Peking University, you can’t do it too much, so you don’t have to be a member of the family, but Chinese and history are related to the style of study, and geology has special circumstances, so it’s hard to avoid.) The law school is the worst, the political department is not good, the economy is empty, and the law is almost full of lawyers.

... Although the above-mentioned matters are chaotic, there are finally clues to be found. The most troublesome thing for Fu Sinian is the addition of several colleges. It is advocated that after demobilization, Peking University should add three colleges of engineering, agriculture, and medicine to increase the weight and momentum of a comprehensive university.However, Fu Sinian believed that engineering and medical colleges cost too much money to please. The most promising thing is to establish an agricultural college. In the future of North China, it will be of infinite use, so we can't just sit back and talk about it. We should always get close to the people and shoulder the responsibility of transforming the society. Moreover, the biggest problem with our school is: as soon as students enter school, they walk on the street, and English is forever. I can’t study well. I think the first grade can be moved outside the city to receive strict training. There is an agricultural college, which can be used for this purpose. ... But Tsinghua University also needs to run it at the same time. It is under discussion, or it is due to "division of labor and cooperation". He also said: "If Tsinghua also insists on running it in the 35th year, the Ministry of Education will be embarrassed. But we have cooperated with Tsinghua over the years, Tsinghua has been stabilized, and we have been looked down upon. The feelings of Mr. Meng Lin are not related to the United Nations University. There is no reason—so I think this point should not be allowed to him.” Fu was determined not to let the opponent, but Tsinghua was not a fuel-efficient lamp, and tried every means to fight back.In the next letter to Hu Shi, Fu Sinian said, "The additional demobilization fee has aroused the impulse of Tsinghua University and Nankai University, and made the Ministry of Education very troubled." He also said: "When the Ministry of Education received 200, there were five of us. "At four hundred, there are ten of us; at six hundred, there are fifteen of us; at eight hundred, there are twenty of us. This has been agreed with Liu Xian's principle, and he has no embarrassment, because others are more fierce. Zhou Yusheng's letter wants to Thirty, and cursing."

As far as Peking University is concerned, during the nearly 9 years of joint ventures with Tsinghua University and Nankai University during the Anti-Japanese War, it cannot be said that what they got was "disparagement". It's groundless.In fact, relying on the backing of the Geng model of the United States, a solid academic style, and a complete set of organizational systems formed over the past few decades, in many respects, Tsinghua’s strong limelight has overshadowed Peking University and Nankai University. One colleague from Peking University felt deeply disappointed, and was "discriminated against" by the other party, which in turn created some grudges and resentment that were inconvenient for outsiders.In his later years, Qian Mu mentioned in his "Eighty Memories of Parents, Miscellaneous Memories of Teachers and Friends" that colleagues from Peking University were at the branch of Mengzilian University in Yunnan, and Feng Youlan from Tsinghua University was the dean of literature, so as not to let Tang Yongtong from Peking University get involved. , and suggested to Jiang Menglin who went to inspect the independence of Peking University, this is the case.Although in the end, Qian Mu explained that colleagues put the overall situation of the war of resistance first and "don't speak anymore", it doesn't mean that the professors of Peking University no longer have grudges and emotions in their hearts.At this time, Fu Sinian's complaints against Hu Shi, to a certain extent, expressed the pent-up resentment that his colleagues at Peking University had been holding back for a long time.Now that the United Nations General Assembly has disintegrated and Peking University has been demobilized and become independent, there is of course a new opportunity to regroup and compete with Tsinghua University.Therefore, Fu Sinian asked Hu Shi in his letter to take advantage of the opportunity of his stay in the United States to try to raise books, equipment and funds for the newly opened colleges of Peking University, and to return home as soon as he was ready.Because "I must have been tense in the past few months. If the husband comes back early, there may be a big trouble. That would be bad! After the husband returns, I will stay in school for two or three months to assist, and then go to the United States for medical treatment... "

Fu Sinian fulfilled the original promise. As soon as Hu Shi arrived at Peking University, he took the initiative to wipe the warm headmaster's chair with a towel, moved it under Teacher Hu's buttocks and even lifted him up. The smiling Hu Shi Although I was a little embarrassed, I still sat down firmly with a haha.Fu Sinian will not only help Mr. Hu to the top position in Peking University, but also follow the old Chinese custom of "helping him on the horse and giving him a ride", and then sending his wife a ride, at least for a period of time. Resignation can only be made after the forces and semi-hostile forces have been wiped out.

Hu Shi took the top position in Peking University, which is obviously different from the professor and liberal arts faculty of Peking University who grew up before he went to the United States in 1937. Although Kong Song and his like repeatedly suppressed and squeezed out, because Hu Shi was in the United States for many years, especially because he dragged Japan into the Pacific Ocean with one hand. An unprecedented masterpiece of war, it was full of sound and light for a while, attracting the attention of the world, and its value doubled.And once his gentle footsteps step into the campus of Peking University, it is like diving into the abyss, and the tiger into the mountains, once again proud of the scholarly forest, overlooking the political arena.The gathering of historical events pushed the Hu family to a new level, and the secular status and reputation also reached the peak. His huge influence not only became a "handsome" figure in the education, culture, and academic circles of the land of China, but also Becoming a symbolic leader in the political arena—although it is more illusion than reality (later Chiang Kai-shek intended to make Hu the president, and he himself took charge of the real power of the Executive Yuan, which was an episode in this illusory image).While the "handsome flag" is flying, people of all colors who are also immersed in illusion and confusion gather from all directions, trying to find a good medicine in the chaotic world, so as to act bravely.At this time, Hu Shi was sitting on the chair of the president of Peking University, sweeping away the grievances he had suffered in the United States for the past 9 years, especially the cowardice imposed by the Kong Song Group, and his ambition suddenly grew, and he began to shake the banner and call for the wind and rain.According to Deng Guangming, who was the secretary of the president's office of Peking University at the time, Hu Shi, who had a colorful halo on his head and the "handsome seal" of the leader, not only "determined to run Peking University well, but also not only regarded himself as an important town in the education circle of North China, but also looked at the whole world. The cause of higher education in China is to revitalize China's higher education as its mission."According to Hu Shi's idea, instead of spending millions of dollars every year to send students to study abroad, the country should save some money to build a few world-class universities in China. Only in this way can China have the hope of academic independence.Based on this idea, Hu Shi put forward a "Ten-Year Plan for Academic Independence", that is, to concentrate resources within ten years and run five universities with the best foundations—Peking University, Tsinghua University, Wuhan University, Zhejiang University, and Central University.Ten years later, other universities will be expanded one after another, and gradually reach the world's advanced education level as a whole. Such a strong momentum and bold conception have aroused strong repercussions in education and the press, and at the same time embarrass some politicians.When Fu Sinian recommended Hu as the president of Peking University, Zhu Jiahua, who was the Minister of Education, took it indifferently, perhaps he had expected this situation.It's just that Hu Shi, who has not completely shaken off his nerdy spirit, is unaware of the changing political situation and the fact that today is not what it used to be.What he didn't expect was that this glorious blueprint of "grand narrative" would soon be like the rainbow in the western sky that he encountered when he returned to China, and it would disappear in an instant.In the rapidly turbulent trend of the times, political corruption, economic collapse, professors and students are trapped in the predicament of survival, and the underground CCP organization began to take action, launching a student movement, and launching a battle with the Kuomintang regime.If the CCP’s underground organizations lurking in various universities before the Anti-Japanese War were still scattered, covert, and small-scale riots, now they are almost open and large-scale instigating rebellion.Hu Shi's banner was quickly submerged in a vast and turbulent torrent of red water in the surging tide of students who "moved the ground and walked the thunder" (Guo Moruo's poem).

Previously, on May 4, Fu Sinian arrived in Pingping from Nanjing to formally prepare for the resumption of Peking University. On the 21st, in response to the unceasing quarrels at the Southwest Associated University and the constant clamor by professors Wen Yiduo, Wu Han, and others at the Southwest Associated University, Fu published a public declaration in great indignation, saying, "About the student movement, today's student standards are not enough for the future." The founding talents of the country hope to be able to study at ease, to study exclusively, and to have absolute academic freedom, but they cannot be used as a tool for political struggle.” At the end of July of this year, the demobilized Peking University, Tsinghua University, and Nankai University jointly recruited students from the preparatory class, and the candidates were rejected. After admission, you can freely choose schools and majors. According to the domestic situation, there are seven test areas, namely Shanghai, Beiping, Kunming, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Wuhan and Tianjin.After the results came out, Shanghai candidates were the best in the seven districts, while Kunming candidates were the worst.For this reason, Fu Sinian spoke to reporters and said with emotion: "Kunming District has the worst grades, because high school students are engaged in political activities and neglect their homework." Why bother to be a stepping stone for others."

On August 4 of the same year, Fu Sinian, who was exhausted, published an article "On Running a School" in the "Jingshi Daily" in Beiping, calling on the government and school authorities to take their due responsibilities.In the face of teachers and students who are hungry and cold, the government must improve their treatment. "Don't treat it like nothing. This truth should be understood by Song Gong, the dean of the Executive Yuan. ... Since the establishment of the National Government, our professors at Peking University have It is our pride that we have never strike a class or issue a declaration because of our treatment. But if Song Gong or others think that this is nothing, they will not understand the political meaning at all.”Fu Sinian made it clear that in the turbulent social turmoil, all schools are full of emaciated teachers and poor students, just like a gang of refugees and beggars. It is really unreasonable to hope that they will not cause trouble.But as far as the principal and professors are concerned, they must cheer up and show their loyalty to the youth and mankind.Otherwise, the school is a fake, so it is better not to run it, so as not to mislead the children.

It is said so, but it is extremely difficult to implement, especially the problem of food, which is a major and important issue that makes all parties feel difficult and headaches and must be resolved urgently. In the early winter of 1945, under the assignment of Fu Sinian and Zheng Tianting, Professor Zeng Zhaolun of the Department of Chemistry of the United Nations University flew from Kunming to Beiping to check whether the campus facilities of Peking University and the laboratories of the Department of Chemistry and books and equipment still existed.During this flight to the north, Zeng Zhaolun's initial feeling was that "the land and mountains of the homeland are still the same", but after staying for two or three days, he found that after eight years of oppression by the enemy and puppets, Beiping and even the whole of North China had indeed changed. Beiping is no longer the original Beiping. The change is not in the material or superficial phenomena, but in the content or the people's life and thought. The people have become very poor, and some have no clothes. the emptiness.The house of Tsinghua University is generally intact on the outside, but there is nothing on the inside.The students of Yenching University still lived in the gorgeous and aristocratic dormitories, but they ate only corn bread, which was rare for many students, and nutrition was even more out of the question.Although most of the students in Kunming and Chongqing are on the verge of abject poverty, there are always many stalls near the gate of each university, and there are several hawker shops selling food, and the business is mostly good.On the contrary, there is only one small noodle restaurant in front of the Peking University School of Science in the Temple of Horses in Peking, which is operating poorly, and the patrons can hardly see the students of Peking University.With the comparison between the two, Zeng Zhaolun realized with deep emotion that the people in the rear have suffered from the impact of inflation and soaring prices in the past few years, which is ten times that of Beiping today.However, in those places, although suffering is bitter, there are still ways to increase income, and it is not as embarrassing as it is in the north.So, who made North China and Peiping so impoverished?Zeng Zhaolun believes: "Of course it is mainly the sins committed by the evil enemy and the fake organization. However, after the recovery, this situation has not improved, but has intensified. At this moment, the authorities cannot absolve themselves of the blame." Facing the economic collapse, the people Living in extreme poverty, it seemed inevitable that the Peking student movement would flourish and radiate to all parts of the country.As the acting principal of Peking University, Fu Sinian, as a bigwig in the education industry, gritted his teeth in the face of the downturn, and made his last effort to maintain the educational order and the precarious national government in his mind.With a serious attitude and a clear political stance, Fu pointed out: "Schools must have reasonable discipline. Over the years, school discipline has been shattered. I don't know how many young people have been wronged by it. The disturbance has become a trivial matter, and students have become the rule of the school. Such schools can only be closed, because schools are meant to educate young people, not to destroy them. Generally speaking, student disturbances can be divided into two categories, one is non-political. This trend. Second, the political trend, the political one must ask whether it is internal or external. Somewhere (Southern Press: Refers to Yan'an) broadcasted that the US military should withdraw. After a few days, the students asked The U.S. military is retreating. May I ask if this is 'who is working hard for whom'? This kind of student movement, I don't want it to be compared with the May Fourth Movement. If the school...is used as a tool for political struggle, it will not lose the existence of the school Most of the young people are underage, using them is not the same as using child labor?" Finally, Fu Sinian said in a conclusive tone: "I have been responsible for Peking University for the past few months, and I have really made no contribution. Doing chores is just a very conceited one, which is to 'separate the Wei and the Wei' and keep a clean record for Peking University. For this, I once said to people, 'It's a matter of fate, change this The solution is absolutely impossible'." This is the first time that Fu Sinian has openly and frankly disclosed his political views to all walks of life. It is also a farewell speech to formally withdraw from Peking University. There is a lot of anxiety and worry about the future of this famous university and the academic circle in Peking.Of course, whether the Peking University campus in the future will be a surging river or a torrent, or whether it will be revived or declined amidst the turbulent student tide and social agitation, he, the "superior principal" ridiculed by Jiang Tingfu, will not care much.At this time, Fu's base camp and old lair - Chestnut Au on the top of the mountain in the outskirts of Lizhuang, Sichuan, the colleagues of the Institute of History and Language, who live in the mountains and grass, have repeatedly sent telegrams urging him to return quickly to deal with the complicated affairs and interpersonal relationships that have accumulated over time. A series of difficult matters such as relocating to the capital.Acting director Dong Zuobin said in a telegram: "Tongji University has begun to move back to Shanghai. People in the institute are fluctuating and anxious. They all hope to return to Beijing as soon as possible. Please do not return to the institute in the midst of busy schedules to see things, so as to formulate a specific demobilization plan and stabilize the situation. Situation.” Fu Sinian couldn’t ignore Li Zhuang’s urgent calls and expectations, so he stayed in Beiping and continued to procrastinate. His palms and backs were all his own flesh and blood, and Li Zhuang’s lair was far better than Peking University’s temporary tent — Shi Yu Being so is one's justifiable responsibility, and it is also the biggest capital of standing in the world.So, Fu Sinian, who was sweating profusely, had to put down the task of assisting Hu Shi in "reviving Peking University", rubbed his hands, and rolled up the dog skin mattress that had been carried around with him, had several patches, and the dog hair was almost wiped off. , Shaking his fat body and leaving the old capital Beiping, boarded the plane panting and flew south.