Chapter 32 Section 1 "National Treasure" Liu Wendian

In the tide of returning to the north, two professors of the United Nations University failed to accompany the teachers and students, and stayed at Yunnan University in Kunming and the National Kunming Teachers College to teach.One is Luo Yong, director of the Chinese Department of the United Nations University, and the other is the famous Liu Wendian.Most of Luo Shi stayed at Kunming Normal University voluntarily, and less of it was due to his bad relationship with Fu Sinian, or Fu Sinian did not want him to return to the north.However, when Liu Wendian entered Yunda, there was another secret, and this secret had a relationship with Wen Yiduo, both public and private.

According to Qian Mu in a memoir article: After the disbandment of the United Nations University, "only two old colleagues stayed in Kunming. One was Liu Wendian Shuya, and the rest was a colleague of Tsinghua University in Peking. He lived in the city of Peking and took the Tsinghua school bus to school. One year, Yu Shi was in the same car with him. He had an addiction to editions, and he often held a book in his hand to read, and the book must be a good edition. He also held a cigarette in the other hand, and the cigarette dust grew with the inhalation. The car was shaken, and his hand The smoke can’t fall. If it falls on the book and the ashes are not extinguished, it’s not necessary to quit. However, Shuya didn’t seem to care. Later, because he lost his son in his later years, his mind was depressed and he couldn’t liberate himself, so his family persuaded him to smoke opium. His physical strength was slightly better, and his affection was flat, so Fang Lijie stopped smoking. When he went south, he met Mengzi again. Shuya’s old addiction to opium relapsed, and he relapsed. When he arrived in Kunming, his opium addiction increased day by day, and he went to a certain local chieftain’s house The Mongolian Museum is the best variety of opium to be smoked. Also, the old soldiers and bureaucrats from all over the country are competing to be hired as flattery tombs, and they all give opium, so Shu Ya can't return to Beiping and study at Yunnan University."

Zhou Zuoren wrote an article on "Liu Shuya" in his "Old Records of Peking University" in his later years, saying: "Liu Shuya's name is Wendian, friends often call him Liu Gelanma, Shuya calls himself Li Douwu, Gai Li Liu It can be read easily. Uncle and Shu are familiar. Dongzi is the pictographic ancient Chinese character of bean, and Ya is the original character of crow. Shuya is very interesting, with a dark complexion. He used to be addicted to opium and carnivore, and he was born in Peking University. Moved to Kunming, known as "Eryun Layman", Gai said that cloud legs and cloud soil are both famous things, suitable for what they like. I like to smoke cigarettes, often hold one in my mouth, even when talking, it sticks to my lips, I don't know what it is Why is this possible? I only abandoned it before I entered the church. I am funny in nature, good at talking and laughing, but I can’t choose my words. I am born in Hefei. I attack Duan Qirui especially, and often slander my parents. It is impossible to describe. He also said: "It can be seen from his harsh words, but Shuya's strengths are not here. He is really a master of Chinese studies. It has been a long time since his book "Huinan Honglie Collection" was published. It’s not a new book, but even that book is more than enough to show his academic ability.”

Qian and Zhou were all colleagues of Liu Wendian in Beijing, and their recollections have a certain degree of credibility, but they are too succinct, and there is still more information that cannot be mentioned, so outsiders cannot have a clear understanding.In particular, Zhou Zuoren was considering his own interests. At the critical moment of the survival of the nation, after the July 7th Incident, the two people's "excited" communication in Liu Wendian's residence in Beiping pretended to be confused, and did not mention it in a word. , As a result, this historical fact was buried for half a century and was unknown to the outside world.Since the 1990s, with the emergence of "Chen Yinke fever", Liu Wendian, Chen Yinke's former boss and colleague, has also been warmed up under the nine springs, and he has been brought back to life and returned to the prosperity of the world.

According to the scattered materials unearthed by the troublemakers, we can draw a rough outline of Liu Wendian's character and conduct, moral articles, strange people and strange things. Liu Wendian, courtesy name Shuya, was born in Huaining, Anhui Province. He was born in Hefei in 1889. In 1907, when Liu was studying at Anhui Public School in Wuhu, he joined the Tongmenghui. In 1909, Liu Wendian went abroad to study at Waseda University in Japan, learning Japanese, English, German and other languages. At the same time, he was educated by Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies and anti-Qing fighter who hosted "Min Bao" in Tokyo, and became Zhang's favorite student. Actively planning anti-Qing murder activities.In 1912, the year following the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, Liu Wendian returned to Shanghai to serve as the editor and English translator of Minli News founded by Yu Youren, Shao Lizi and others. He promoted the democratic revolution and criticized Yuan Shikai Group. In March 1931, the embarrassing Lao Yuan finally couldn't bear the sulking in his heart, and secretly sent an assassin to take the opportunity to kill Song Jiaoren (the acting chairman of the Kuomintang at the time) at the Shanghai Railway Station.At that time, Liu Wendian, who was carrying the bag behind Song's buttocks, was assassinated at the same time, and was shot in the arm and injured. Fortunately, he dodged in time and saved his life.In the same year, the "second revolution" launched by Sun Yat-sen failed, and he went into exile in Japan again to form the Chinese Revolutionary Party.Liu Wendian returned to Japan, got acquainted with Sun Yat-sen, and swore to join the Chinese Revolutionary Party under Sun's personal auspices. He once served as Sun Yat-sen's secretary, and actively advocated terrorist activities such as assassination, car crashes, and homemade bombs to attack and overthrow Yuan Shikai's group. rule.

After Lao Yuan died, the domestic revolutionary situation changed. When Liu Wendian returned to China in 1916, he was greatly disappointed by the cruel reality of the warlords fighting and the business declining. In 1917, he was hired by Chen Duxiu as a professor of liberal arts at Peking University, and served as the English editor and translator of "New Youth". He actively advocated the spread of alternative cultures in China. Take "Huainanzi" as a breakthrough point to study.After several years of painstaking research, the ten volumes of Huanghuang's great works "Huainanzi Honglie Jijie" and "Zhuangzi Supplement" shocked the literary world, and they were valued by scholars all over the world.As a result, Liu's two masterpieces have become one of the most outstanding literary and historical masters in modern China, widely respected by the academic circles, and were once praised as "national treasures" by Chiang Kai-shek.

Liu Wendian, who achieved success at a young age and became famous in middle age, gradually formed a arrogant and arrogant character. Not only did he not pay attention to ordinary scholars and literati, but if he became angry, he would give them a lesson with fists and kicks.According to Zhou Zuoren’s recollection, after the May 4th Movement in 1919, Cai Yuanpei, the president of Peking University, resigned and went south quietly. On June 3, nearly a thousand Peking University students were arrested by the authorities. Around the 5th, Peking University professors held an impromptu meeting in a classroom facing the street on the second floor of the Red Building. In addition to dealing with the "June 3 Incident", they also discussed how to get Cai Yuanpei to return to the helm of Peking University.With a yellow braid behind his head, Professor Gu Hongming, who was known as the most eccentric person in Peking University, who was full of "benevolence, righteousness and morality" and "spring and autumn righteousness", made a speech in favor of retaining the principal. The reason was that "the principal is the emperor of our school, so he must be retained." .The editors of "New Youth" sitting in the audience knew that Gu was a full-fledged "royalist" monster, and out of good intentions to keep Principal Cai, they didn't stand up and challenge him.Unexpectedly, a science professor surnamed Ding who came to the stage next made everyone extremely depressed.This person is from Jiangsu, and he could speak Mandarin, but this time he didn't know what medicine he took wrongly or what kind of nerves happened, but he said a series of single sentences that were difficult to understand and very sad on stage.I saw him opening and closing his mouth and saying: "We, today, today, we, Peking University, today, today, Peking University, we..." The person who said so repeatedly muttered.In the afternoon, many people gathered in a room on a high floor. In the hot and stuffy air, listening to this monotonous neurotic statement was like a leak on the roof, which was really unbearable.Everyone was restless, when suddenly someone opened the door and called out Liu Bannong who was present, and soon after Mrs. Liu stamped his feet outside the door and yelled "Bastard", everyone inside was shocked, and Ding, who was chattering on stage, The professor was also taken aback, and nervously thought he was scolding him, so he hurriedly stepped off the stage and returned to his original position.

The meeting paused in the middle, and Liu Bannong came in to report, only to find out that the person scolded just now was Mr. Wang, the head of the law department. He couldn't help getting angry, so he shouted loudly, which was regarded as a relief for the professors.Regarding this unexpected coincidence, Zhou Zuoren said with emotion: "If it hadn't been for his drink, there might have been serious consequences in the venue. Looking at the situation at that time, Mr. Ding didn't mean to stop automatically for the time being , and if it continues like this, the listeners can't stand it, and they will immediately have the possibility of taking a desperate risk. Liu Wendian was also present that day. According to what he told people later, if Liu Bannong hadn't stopped talking because of Liu Bannong's shout, he would have I’m about to run up to the podium, slap the face first, and then kowtow to apologize, because he really can’t take it anymore.” Seeing Liu Wendian’s indignation at that time, he might have jumped up to the podium to slap that professor surnamed Ding, or It is possible to knock him to the ground with a fist.It's just that everyone didn't expect that Liu Wendian didn't make a move when he was supposed to. Nine years later, another strongman made a move and gave him two resounding slaps.

In August 1928, Liu Wendian returned to his hometown from Peking University to found Anhui University, and served as the dean of the Faculty of Arts and the post of president. In November, college students in Anhui Province first clashed with Cheng Mian, the principal of the Provincial No. 1 Girls Middle School, and then the massive "Student Movement in Anhui Province" was triggered by the military and police suppression.Sun Mengji, the acting chairman of Anhui Province, couldn't solve it. It happened that Chiang Kai-shek was visiting Anqing. When Jiang heard about this, he became aroused and immediately decided to pretend to be an "eight government patrol" on the stage, and summoned Liu Wendian to give "instructions." ".

After the success of the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek's reputation increased greatly. He was known as China's unique iron-fisted strongman, and many people in the world admired him.In front of this strong man who is the "tiger crowned", the big names in the academic circles such as Hu Shi, Ding Wenjiang, Weng Wenhao, Zhu Jiahua and other moderate figures are all respectful, even those who are arrogant and domineering like Fu Sinian also admire Chiang Kai-shek and are deeply impressed. Respect, every time Jiang's words are discussed, he must be called Jiang Gong or Jie Gong.Some people say that Fu Sinian is the only scholar among scholars who dares to cross his legs in front of Chiang Kai-shek and boast, but this may not be true.If it really happened, it was after the Chiang family fled to Taiwan. At that time, the Jiang family dynasty had already lost its former prestige.However, after the autumn of 1928, Chiang Kai-shek was young and full of vigor and prosperity, but Liu Wendian did not treat the de facto lord of a country as a dish.In Liu's eyes, Jiang is just a common man who only knows how to fight with guns and cannons.

When Liu Wendian was brought into the hall of the provincial government by a group of military police, he was slightly surprised to see Chiang Kai-shek sitting in the middle of the hall looking at him as he was about to make an interrogation statement, but he quickly calmed down.Liu neither took off his hat nor saluted the other party, but found a chair and sat proudly, pretending to be dismissive.Jiang looked at the opponent's style and posture, and the sparks on his head shot out.Just when he was about to speak, Liu Wendian took out the cigarette case and opened it, took out a cigarette, lit it with a match, and yanked it away as if no one else was there, and the smoke went straight into Jiang's nostrils.Chiang Kai-shek, who has always been extremely disgusted with smokers and drinkers, saw Liu making such a crazy attitude, and thought it was disrespectful to himself, the de facto supreme commander of the country. After peeing, the fire in his heart flared up again, and he sternly shouted on the spot: "You are Liu Wendian?!" Mrs. Liu raised her head, clicked her eyelids, and said back in a stiff tone: "The word is Shuya." Chiang Kai-shek suppressed his anger and reprimanded Mrs. Liu, who is the president of the National University, who knows how to read and write, and is a good teacher, for being such a jerk and being rude to me.Facing the furious Chiang Kai-shek, Liu Wendian was still sitting where he was, blowing smoke rings with his head up, his nostrils upturned, and he hummed extremely contemptuously.Chiang Kai-shek became more and more annoyed as he watched, and could no longer hold back the anger in his chest. He jumped out of his seat, rushed forward and pointed at Liu Wendian's nose, asking him to hand over the troublesome counter-revolutionaries and student riots who took the lead in beating, smashing, looting and burning. Communist Party members, severely punishing students who strike, and so on. Seeing that the other party was so frivolous, Liu Wendian also immediately became angry, jumped up as usual, pointed at Jiang's nose and said sharply, "I don't know who is that?" Communist Party, you are the commander-in-chief, just take care of your soldiers; I am the president of the university, and I will take care of the school's affairs, so I can't let you, a new warlord with no power to meddle in my own business!" Hearing this, Chiang Kai-shek was furious and shouted: "University students destroy girls' schools in the dark and beat up students. You can't stop it beforehand. It is a great shame for Anhui's education circle to allow students to behave mischievously. I am here to serve Anhui. To clean up my shame, I have to deal with the law strictly, starting with me." After speaking, he ignored his identity and slapped Liu Wendian's face twice, then raised his leg and hit Liu Wendian's face with his heavy riding boots. Two kicks on the buttocks.Liu Wendian staggered, swayed and jumped five or six steps away, his head hit a wooden cabinet with a "bang", the huge impact pulled the wooden cabinet up, fell to the ground with a "bang" and scattered in all directions Soon, Liu Wendian also fell to the ground under the traction of inertia.But in the blink of an eye, Liu Wendian stood up straight from a carp amidst the mess of books and broken porcelain and broken iron on the floor, turned his body back, and sprinted towards Chiang Kai-shek, like a hero in a martial arts novel. He kicked up and kicked Chiang Kai-shek in the crotch with a muffled "pop".Jiang said "ah", bowed down, covered his lower body with his hands and turned around in the room. The sweat on his forehead was like the dewdrops rolling on the vegetable leaves in the morning after autumn, with a pale light, falling drop by drop.When everyone saw this, they were horrified, knowing that Liu Wendian's kick had just hit Jiang's little ball. The red-eyed guards rushed forward and took Liu Wendian, who was still shaking his fists and feet as if continuing to attack, in one fell swoop. Commander-in-Chief Chiang, who was in the shape of a frost-beaten eggplant, was carried into the car and sent to the hospital for rescue. Chiang Kai-shek was sweating profusely on the hospital bed, screaming and rolling for a long time, and finally saved the day, but the two fleshy balls had rapidly swelled up in the shape of tomatoes, and it was very inconvenient to walk.In order to relieve the humiliation and resentment in his heart, Jiang ordered Liu Wendian to be sent to prison on the charge of "lax academics", and announced the dissolution of Anhui University. Fa-rectification. When the news came out, Anqing academic circles and the public were outraged, and public opinion was in an uproar.Teachers and students of An immediately formed a "school nursing delegation" to petition the provincial government, demanding the immediate release of Principal Liu and rescinding his order.At the same time, teachers and students of Ann called for assistance for Minister of Education Jiang Menglin, academic leaders Cai Yuanpei, Hu Shi and others.Liu Wendian's wife, Zhang Qiuhua, took a ship to Nanjing the next day to meet Cai Yuanpei, Chen Lifu and other important party and state officials.When Cai Yuanpei got the news, he quickly contacted Jiang Menglin, Hu Shi and other colleagues and friends, and together they called Chiang Kai-shek. They described Liu Wendian's achievements as a scholar, when he was the editor of "Minli Daily", and he followed Mr. Sun Yat-sen's hard work. Forgive his abrupt words , "Libao has nothing else" (Southern press: meaning that Liu is not a Communist Party), and said that Liu has "an old mental illness", and strongly demanded his release.In the face of the strong public opinion that has been raised across the country, together with Cai Yuanpei and other celebrities in the educational circles, together with the Kuomintang officials Chen Lifu and others to mediate, Chiang Kai-shek, whose power and career are on the rise but whose foundation is not solid, considers his personal prestige and the overall political situation. , promised to release Liu, but only on the condition of "getting out of Anhui territory immediately".In this way, Liu Wendian, who was detained for 7 days, was released on December 5 and walked out of the cell. Liu Wendian, who suffered a lot of flesh and blood, was not convinced. After jumping Gaoer and scolding Jiang for being a warlord fanatic, he packed up his bags and left Anhui for Beijing to return to Peking University to continue teaching.When they were about to go eastward by ship, nearly a thousand teachers and students in An, local people and provincial government officials went to the Yangtze River Wharf to see them off. It is not his crime." This is what Confucius said when he talked about his disciple Gongye Chang who was arrested by the government and put in prison, which means that although he is locked in prison, it is not his crime. , Later Confucius married his daughter to Gongye Chang.Of course, Sun's words did not mean to marry his daughter to the other party, but he deeply admired Liu Wendian's courage and spirit of daring to fight with Chiang Kai-shek regardless of fame and fortune, so he expressed it with Confucius' words. ——What Liu Wendian didn't expect was that because of this legendary experience, his reputation spread throughout the country overnight, and he was valued by scholars all over the world. Just when Liu Wendian arrived in Shanghai and was waiting to go to Beijing, he paid a special visit to his teacher Zhang Taiyan. In May 1927, Zhang was named the No. 1 schoolboy in China by the Provisional Executive Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Party Headquarters, and he was wanted by the Central Committee of the Kuomintang.At this time, because Zhang Taiyan was dissatisfied with the Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek, he rented an apartment in Tongfu Road and kept silent about state affairs and academics.When he heard the whole story of Liu Wendian angrily denouncing Chiang Kai-shek's "new warlords" in person, his expression was greatly lifted, and he immediately got sick and wrote a couplet of "Health is not envied, Ji Zhongsan, sickness and evil are true and evil pushes you Zhengping".Borrowing the allusion of Mi Heng, a madman at the end of the Han Dynasty, beating drums and scolding Cao, the gift couplet criticized Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorship, and it showed his praise for the spirit of hatred and hatred shown by his disciples. After arriving in Peiping, on May 21, 1929, Liu Wendian met with "young fellows and middle-aged colleagues", that is, Lu Xun, who was also a disciple of Zhang Taiyan and taught at Peking University, and "discussed" the actions of the warlords ("Lu Xun Diary").According to Liu Wendian's recollection: "When an old friend reunited, he was happy to tell the story. I was really happy. I pulled a chair, sat next to his wicker chair, and talked for a long time. He is very talkative on weekdays, but he rarely laughs. This time, when I talked about the stupid and funny situation when the warlords in Guangdong investigated his thoughts, I couldn’t hold back my laughter.” It was during this meeting that Liu Wendian talked in detail about the details and inside story of his conflict with Chiang Kai-shek at Anhui University , Lu Xun deeply admired his spiritual strength and integrity, and he never forgot about it two years later. On December 11, 1931, Lu Xun published the article "Knowing Difficulties and Doing Difficulties" under the pen name of Peve in the publication "Cross Street" sponsored by the Left Federation. ’ And after being locked up for many days, it was so difficult to release him on bail. Old fellows, old colleagues, and doctors certainly knew about it, so, ‘I call him Chairman...’” to satirize the hypochondriacs of Hu Shi and others who went to Nanjing to pay respects to Chiang Kai-shek. .For a while, this style of writing was passed on to the academic circles, and Hu Shi, who "I called him the chairman", was humiliated. After two months of teaching at Peking University, Liu Wendian was hired by Luo Jialun, the president of Tsinghua University, as a professor of the Chinese Department of Tsinghua University. He became a colleague with Chen Yinke and continued to teach part-time at Peking University. In August 1931, because Zhu Ziqing went abroad on leave, Liu Wendian acted as the dean of the Chinese Department and became Chen Yinke's direct supervisor.In the next eight years, Liu Wendian continued to collate ancient books, wrote diligently, and achieved fruitful results. He successively completed "Sanyu Notes" and "Zhuangzi Supplement" and other works, which caused a lot of shock in the academic circle. He is the only one in the field of Chinese studies. A heavyweight master who fought against Chen Yinke.