Chapter 83 Part 8: Old Marshal and Young Marshal—Anecdotes about Zhang Xueliang and his son

A few days ago, I went back to China to meet an elder of Lao Sa. He is a professor of the History Department of Beijing Normal University.He liked it very much. He said that when he was studying Zhang Zuolin, he once interviewed a guard of Zhang Xueliang named Zheng Jingshan.Zheng is a student of the Northeast Lecture Hall, from Chaoyang, Liaoning.Zhang Xueliang has a cavalry guard (expanded into a battalion after the Guo Songling Incident), and he has been in it. After the Xi'an Incident, Zheng resigned from office and went home to farm because he was dissatisfied with the compromise and acceptance of Nanjing's conditions by the upper echelons of the Northeast Army.Zhang Xueliang and his son in his mouth have a special taste.

(1) I am not afraid of Japanese children Zheng Jingshan said that Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang have different personalities. Although he seems to be from the north, he has a strong and decisive personality, especially in his relationship with Japan. A conversation between Zhang Zuolin and his son can quite reflect this. It was during the Northern Expedition. Zhang Xueliang came back from the front line. Because of the unfavorable battle situation, he advised Zhang Zuolin not to continue fighting with the south, but the veteran (Zhang Xueliang called Zhang Zuolin "veteran" behind his back at the time) refused to listen.Zhang Xueliang said that the Japanese expected us to fight, and they didn't want us to fight forward. The Japanese copied our retreat, and we would suffer if we couldn't beat the Japanese.

Zhang Zuolin was furious, slapped the table and shouted: I have 300,000 Northeast troops, so I am not afraid of the Japanese!There were 13,000 people in Nanman to his death. If I wanted to deal with him, I asked Zang Shiyi to call the county magistrates and chiefs of the public security bureaus of the counties in Liaoning to hold a meeting, and took his railway line in three days.The Northeast Army first attacked the important town of Dalian Lushun. How could he fight me with 13,000 people?What kind of Japanese are I afraid of? At that time, Zhang's father and son were talking, and Zhang Xueliang's guards, as well as Xing Shilian, the general of the Northeast Army, were accompanying him.I saw this elder write down this passage in his notes. I dare not say that everything is correct, but it is basically the original material.

Judging from this passage, Zhang Zuolin and his son are both wary of Japan's strength in the Northeast, but the old man has fought in the country for decades. Although he has not studied but has experience, he is still quite accurate in judging the power balance between the two sides in an instant. , several measures are also quite feasible, and the policy is clearer and clearer.In contrast, looking at the correspondence of the "September 18th" young marshal, it seems that he doesn't know himself or the enemy, and he has countless thoughts. It seems that in terms of experience, he is indeed not as far away as his father.

(2) Talking about people when you see people talking about people talking about ghosts Before the Xi'an Incident, Zhang Xueliang was quite active in Xi'an, when his guard cavalry had been expanded into a cavalry battalion.Because these people are all military talents, some of these people were taken away by other generals of the Northeast Army when he went abroad, and they were quite scattered.Zheng Jingshan stayed in the camp all the time, and Zhang Xueliang admired him quite a lot. Zhang Xueliang's speech is not vulgar at ordinary times, but he is not an intellectual, a bit like a bannerman from old Beijing.It's just that Zhang's speech before the Xi'an Incident was quite unusual.One day, Zheng Jingshan went out with him in the morning and saw some professors from Beijing. It seemed that Gu Jiegang was among them. After Zhang entered the living room, he chatted with the professors very happily. His words were radical, and he was full of Marxism and talked about socialist revolution. And he said it clearly and logically, and said that the Northeast Army will fight the Japanese army to the death within a few days.Several professors originally came to persuade Zhang Jinjin to resist the Japanese, but at this time they advised him not to worry, focus on concentrating strength, and then move after making a decision.A professor said: "We want the victorious hero, Deputy Commander Zhang, not the defeated hero, Deputy Commander Zhang."

In the afternoon, Zhang met several French guests again, and while playing the gramophone, he talked with these people in English on the sofa.Zhang's English is good and he can talk to foreigners directly without an interpreter.Zhang Xueliang is fluent in foreign languages, can fly a plane, and is excellent in equestrian skills. This is not comparable to some young masters today.In the evening, Zhang sent the foreigners away, and had a conversation and dinner with some senior generals of the officer training corps.It was later that Zheng Jingshan found out that these were some of the chief officers of the army during the old commander's era. Zhang Xueliang was reorganizing the Northeast Army and promoting young officers. These old men gradually lost power and complained.And Zhang Xueliang was basically able to win over them. It was not until Zhang left the Northeast Army after the Xi'an Incident that the conflict between the old and new generals intensified, and the "Two Two" incident occurred.

When Zheng Jingshan came back from Zhang Xiao at night, Zhang Xiao said to him, "I'm too tired today, talking to people and talking nonsense." It seems that Zhang is not a son-in-law without political acumen and political skills. (3) Huanggutun The Huanggutun incident was the Japanese bombing of Zhang Zuolin. Some reports said that Zhang died shortly after he was rescued. He said before that his legs were gone, which is not the same. But what did he leave behind regarding the situation in the Northeast? His political last words are vague. According to what Zheng Jingshan conveyed to Zhang Zuolin's medical officer Wen Shoushan (after the Huanggutun incident, Wen carried Zhang back home by car), Zhang Zuolin's explanation is relatively clear. He judged that other than the Japanese, no one else could bomb him.What he asked was: let the little six son (that is, Zhang Xueliang) come back, don't let him come back by train, let him bring back all the Northeast Army, and fight.

Wen said that Zhang fell into a coma after saying "fight", and when he woke up at the Shuai's mansion, he knew that he would not hesitate. Zheng Jingshan returned to Shenyang with Zhang Xueliang. In order to avoid being bombed again by the Japanese army, they quietly left the customs among the soldiers of the new first brigade under Huang Xiansheng's department.At that time, Zhang Xueliang shaved his head and wore a soldier's costume in order to get closer to the image of a soldier. It may be the only time in his life that he shaved his head. Huang Xiansheng is Zhang's confidant, and he has a keen judgment on this matter, saying that if they can blow up the old man, they cannot guarantee that they can't blow up the young man.It is a pity that Huang was a general of the young and strong faction of the Northeast Army.

Zheng said that when Zhang Xueliang returned to Shenyang, Zhang Zuolin had not yet been encoffined. Zhang Xueliang had seen his father's remains, but he just sighed and did not shed tears. Perhaps Zhang Xueliang can't take care of his children's personal relationship if he does it. Some articles believe that Zhang's exit from the customs is very secretive, and being killed by the Japanese army shows that the Japanese army's intelligence work is in-depth and meticulous. In fact, from the above content, for example, Er Zhang did not shy away from the presence of guards when he spoke, it can be seen that Zhang's Northeast Army Group does not pay enough attention to confidentiality.The Northeast Army has a relic of the old green forest loyalty, and Dai Li also said that it is best to do underground work for the Northeast Army (Yan Xishan is the most slippery).The same is true for Zhang’s exit from customs. Before he left, Yongdingmen Railway Station was full of soft furniture, and he was not strategic enough to summon consuls from various countries in Beijing to explain the future political situation in Beijing. It has clearly exposed his intention to leave customs.In fact, as soon as Zhang Zuolin left Beijing, the news was published in Shanghai newspapers, which shows the lack of secrecy.The news that reporters can know, it is not difficult for the Japanese side to pay attention to it, and it is not difficult to get it. This is not because the Japanese spies are so clever.

In addition, looking through the notes just now, Zhang Zuolin's original words are much more powerful than I remember.The original words of Zheng Jingshan are transcribed as follows: The veteran trained the young marshal and said: "I don't believe your words, you are a coward. We have two to three hundred thousand good guns in our arsenal, more than a thousand mortars, there are planes laying eggs in the sky, and there are four-legged animals on the ground. Cavalry. I am not afraid of the Japanese. There are at most 13,000 Japanese on the Nanman Railway. If I want to fight the Japanese, I will first ask Zang Shiyi to call the county magistrates along the Nanman Road and the chief of the public security bureau to hold a meeting and set a date. , The railway was stripped up overnight and buried in the ground for him. Our Northeast Army has 300,000 soldiers, and the heavy troops first occupied Lushun Dalian, and the 10,000-odd Japanese will confess. What are we afraid of the Japanese doing?"

The shape of a hero is beyond words.Lao Sa, who has never been a soldier and made a beard, does not have the energy to retell.