Chapter 40 Thirteen, the Volunteer Army or the Eighth Route Army?

In fact, Zhang Yuting is a veteran of the Anti-Japanese War. He once served as the commander of the first brigade of the Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Army of Su Bingwen's Department, and participated in the Hulunbuir Anti-Japanese War.As early as 1934, in the "Complete Collection of Photos of the Manchuria Incident" published by Japan in 1934, there are traces of him leading his troops to deal with the Japanese army. The reason for using "circle" instead of "combat" is that in the collection of photos of the Japanese army, the record of Zhang Yuting is not how many Japanese troops he wiped out, but that in the autumn of 1932, he cut off the railway between Fulaerji and Angangxi—if If you look at the map, you will find that Zhang Yuting's blow directly separated Qiqihar, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, from the two provinces of Liaoji in the south. At this time, Ma Zhanshan, Su Bingwen and others were counterattacking the provincial capital from the east, west, and north. .

Scrambling railways is one of the common combat methods of the Volunteer Army. The most prominent one in the early battles of the Volunteer Army was about the destruction of the railway in Baiqibao in the winter of 1931, and overturned a Japanese armored train. The photos were all published in Japanese magazines. Raising railways, building tunnels, relying on the masses, and guerrilla warfare...however, this seems like the actions of the Eighth Route Army. However, as early as the Northeast Volunteer Army's war of resistance, the rudiments of these tactics had already appeared. For example, in guerrilla warfare, Ma Zhanshan, who was born in the green forest, is probably the best.In order to wipe out Ma Zhanshan's troops, the Kwantung Army concentrated the 14th Division, the Gaobo Cavalry Brigade, the Heilongjiang Puppet Army, and the Kwantung Army Air Force. Ma Zhanshan launched eight attacks, known as "Eight Attacks on Ma Zhanshan".Although the Volunteer Army of Heilongjiang Province at that time was mainly composed of members of the local security regiments, the Red Spear Association and the Broadsword Association, they no longer had the demeanor of elite soldiers in Heilongjiang Province during the Jiangqiao Anti-Japanese War. Tenacious resistance, so that the Japanese repeatedly missed.

The so-called "Eight Attacks on Horse Zhanshan", the process is probably like this—— For the first time, the Japanese army found out that Ma Zhanshan was stationed in Kedong, so they mobilized the 14th Division and the 28th Brigade in Hailun to enter the east of Kedong from Haibei Town and Tongbei Town on the evening of June 15. On the line of Wangjiadian, Baziwujing, and Xihuayuan; the 27th Brigade entered the area about four kilometers west of Kedong from Keshan on the evening of June 15. On the morning of the 16th, the two enemy brigades will conquer the east from the east and west.There were about 1,500 defenders in Ma Zhanshan's army. They used the familiar terrain to fight and retreat. Since the horsemen were all cavalry and moved quickly, the Japanese army could not keep up.The two enemy lines captured Kedong City on the afternoon of June 16. Ma Zhanshan escaped from the net because he failed to receive the effect of the surprise attack. The enemy returned to Keshan and Helen respectively on the 17th.

For the second time, the Japanese General Staff Headquarters transferred the First Cavalry Brigade of Major General Koha Yuji of the Guards Division to participate in the battle in order to enhance operational mobility. They arrived in Qiqihar on the 17th to cooperate with the 14th Division.On the same day, Lin Yixiu, head of the Qiqihar Secret Service, reported that Ma Zhanshan and his troops were still in the area west of the Huhai Railway, and they should be thoroughly mopped up.On June 19, the 14th Division, with the 1st Cavalry Brigade, assembled near Taidong Station, east of Yi'an, and on June 26 at Baiquan, Mingyu, south of Keshan and west of Tongken River. The water is parallel to the Huhai Railway in the east, forming a north-south west line separation line.The main force of the 28th Brigade headed west from Helen, crossed the Tongken River and arrived at Sandao Town in the southeast of Baiquan, forming the middle line isolation line.The rest of the troops formed the eastern isolation line along the railways leading to Bei, Hailun, Suiling and Suihua. The three lines squeezed towards the center together. In addition, a brigade was concentrated in the battlefield Baiquan as a reserve team, and four "eighth" air force planes were dispatched. Seven" heavy bombers cover ground operations.After the battle began, the cavalry brigade initially encountered and fought with Ma Zhanshan's army, but Ma Zhanshan saw through the Japanese army's attempt and also discovered the problem of too large a gap between its various units. Jumped out and withdrew to Bei'an, all the Japanese troops were in the air. At 6:00 p.m. on June 26, Major General Naoaki Matsuki ordered the First Cavalry Brigade and the Puppet Army to pursue Bei'an, and the other troops returned to their original positions.

The third time, in early July, Naoki Matsuki judged that Ma Zhanshan's troops had reached the east of the Huhai Railway, and then went around to the Qing'an area behind where the Japanese troops were weak.So it was decided to use the First Cavalry Brigade and the First Division of the Fourteenth Division to launch a surprise attack on Qing'an on July 5.As a result, Ma Zhanshan spread the false information that he suddenly appeared in the area near the southeast of Suiling, attracting the Japanese army to go to reconnaissance and search. On the afternoon of July 4, he drilled out of the encirclement of the Japanese army from Dingjiaqiao, about 20 kilometers south of Qing'an, and retreated to Bayan and Mulan. .On the same day, the Japanese army occupied Qing'an, but failed to capture the main force of Ma Zhanshan.

For the fourth time, Song Mu was repeatedly played by Ma Zhanshan, forcing the commander-in-chief of the Kwantung Army Shigeru Benzhuang to fly to the front line from Harbin where he was stationed for "tactical guidance". When he learned that Ma Zhanshan was going to encircle Bayan, he concluded that his goal was to cross the Songhua River Round with the Jilin Volunteers.So the Tenth Division, the Fourteenth Division, the First Cavalry Brigade, and the Navy dispatched team were mobilized to encircle them separately, and general navigation on the river between Bayan and Mulan was prohibited.

However, Ma Zhanshan still used the old method to spread false information, so that the two divisions and one brigade of the Japanese army had completely different judgments on his position. go. The fifth time, the Kwantung Army judged that Ma Zhanshan was still in Bayan after repeatedly collecting information, so they divided their forces to search and attack. On July 7, the 2nd Battalion of the 59th Infantry Regiment of the Japanese Army, under the command of Major Erjiao Yezuo, pursued the south of Bayan by car, and fought fiercely with Ma Zhanshan's rearguard forces at the Dahuang (Fang) Terrace in the west of Bayan. During the battle, the Japanese army dispatched planes to cover it. When the battle was most intense, Ma Zhanshan's newly promoted brigade commander Cai Hongyou led his troops to the Huhai Railway and attacked violently from behind, causing the Japanese army to be in chaos.Forced to stay where they are and wait for reinforcements.After the arrival of the Japanese reinforcements, they pursued them by car on July 10. In the chaos, the 14th Cavalry Regiment of the Japanese Army and the 18th Cavalry Regiment of the 14th Division had lost their neutral position due to poor communication. Open the Japanese army.

For the sixth time, Fan Zhuang personally commanded several times, but he was unable to encircle and wipe out Ma Zhanshan.At this time, the northern Manchurian area had entered summer, with extremely hot daytime and low temperature at night, and the Japanese army was exhausted. On July 12, Ben Zhuang Fan had no choice but to return to Shenyang from Harbin.This made Song Mu Zhiliang, who had always felt restrained, feel relieved, so he summed up his experience and summarized information, and believed that Ma Zhanshan's troops had moved from Dongxing Town, north of Mulan County, to Tieshantun and Qing'an on July 12.Therefore, he arranged for the troops to split the interception and make sure to leave Ma Zhanshan.However, wherever the Japanese army went, they found that Ma Zhanshan had left with his troops.The stubborn Pine chased after him closely, and finally chased Ma Zhanshan into the mountainous area. Ma Zhanshan, who was in the middle of his arms, immediately relied on Daqingshan to do his best to stop him.

The terrain of Daqingshan is steep, easy to defend and difficult to attack, unlike the plains, it is difficult for the Japanese aircraft and artillery to exert their due effectiveness.Therefore, Ma Zhanshan stayed in Daqingshan. According to historical records, in the battle of Daqingshan, the two sides experienced four bloody battles, starting from July 14 and ending on July 20. It lasted for six days and nights without sleep. , and the intensity of the battle is "compared with the battle of Jiangqiao last year, it is even worse." In the end, the Japanese army's crusade was anticlimactic again.

The seventh time, on July 22, Song Muzhiliang received a report from the Qing'an troops: Ma Zhanshan led his troops to go north from the southeast of Suiling on the 21st.Songmu immediately deployed: Yi Jing, head of the 1st Cavalry Brigade, commanded the 18th Cavalry Regiment and the Heilongjiang Puppet Army troops to pursue from Qing'an to the north.The 14th Cavalry Regiment in Helen got off the car at Xingnong Town at noon on the 22nd and headed towards Sihe City, trying to attack Ma Zhanshan with hammers and ingots all the way. The problem is that this tactic is based on the fact that Ma Zhanshan is waiting for the Japanese army in place.This time, Ma Zhanshan jumped out of the Japanese attack by relying on accurate information.The Japanese army raided Changshan Fort which is said to be guarded by Ma Zhanshan from a long distance, but no anti-Japanese troops were found. On the 25th, the futile Japanese army was forced to return to the original defense.

The eighth and only attack that posed a real threat to Ma Zhanshan.Hideo Pinghe, head of the 28th Brigade in charge of guarding the Hailun area, received a report on the afternoon of July 24: About a thousand Chinese cavalry arrived at No. Stay here, it is estimated that you may cross the river here at night and continue northward.Ping He concluded that Ma ZhanShan was among them and did not contact other troops to attack on his own.Because Ma Zhanshan's subordinates were very complicated at this time, the order could not be absolutely carried out. Some troops exposed their targets and were attacked by the Japanese army with heavy casualties, and then were chased by the Japanese army. Come out and continue fighting. The reason why Ma Zhanshan is so difficult to deal with is that he knows how to fight guerrilla warfare. In May, Ma Zhanshan held a meeting in Helen. In view of the difference in military strength and firepower between the two sides, he decided to deal with the Japanese army mainly by guerrilla warfare.In the "Eighth Expedition to Horse Zhanshan", the Volunteer Army did not flee in a panic, they were as quiet as virgins, and moved like rabbits. The fighting area was always at the junction of Kedong, Qing'an, Bayan and other counties in the semi-enemy-occupied area, making full use of the speed of their own cavalry Fast, flexible advantages.Second, he has the support of the local people. Wherever he goes, Ma Zhanshan can get help from all aspects of the local area, including information on the Japanese and puppet troops, supplies and even personnel.In a sense, Ma Zhanshan is relying on the people to fight the Japanese army.Although he did not yet know how to mobilize the masses, and only knew how to rely on the support of local power factions, this one-sided "people's war" had already caused enormous difficulties for the Japanese army.Third, Ma Zhanshan understood the role of intelligence very well. After the eighth battle, the Japanese army seized the documents of Ma Zhanshan's army, including the Japanese army's combat orders and deployment of troops, which surprised him.These were all obtained through the "inside lines" of the enemy and puppet forces. It can be seen that Ma Zhanshan was able to break through the encirclement and suppression of the Japanese army many times, not only relying on the military, but also achieved great results in the operation of the second front behind the enemy. Ma Zhanshan, who is good at mobile warfare, did not use tunnel warfare. Another person who used tunnels in the Northeast Anti-Japanese War was Bai Junshi, the third commander of the Liaonan Volunteer Army and the "Anti-Japanese Iron-Blooded Army".This anti-Japanese general who was born as a high school student in Shenyang was the last to be defeated in the southern Liaoning triangle.The tactics he used are very similar to the tunnel warfare of the Eighth Route Army, and they are quite distinctive.He commanded the troops to dig the tunnel well, and they would not move in until the next year, so that the natural vegetation around the tunnel would be seamless, so that the enemy could not find it.He even dug his tunnel all the way to the back hill of the enemy police station, so he could directly monitor the movement of the enemy.Relying on such means, Bai Junshi persisted in the harshest southern Liaoning area until he was betrayed by a traitor in 1939 and died a heroic sacrifice. Of course, the mobilization of the masses by the Anti-Japanese Alliance, the establishment of anti-Japanese guerrilla bases, and the development of the anti-Japanese national united front were more similar to the Eighth Route Army—the two sides originally came from the same origin. The emergence of the tactics of the Eighth Route Army in the Northeast Anti-Japanese War can only remind people of a saying of a certain giant-"The power of the people is infinite."