Chapter 17 12. Ice lock warship—the Northeast Navy in the "September 18th" incident?

There are a lot of materials talking about the "September 18th" Incident, but very few people involve the movements of the Chinese Navy during the "September 18th" Incident. Before the "September 18th" incident broke out, the three armed forces of the Northeast China Sea, Army and Air Force did not have any precautions.However, in such a major incident as the fall of the three northeastern provinces, among China's navy, army and air force, the navy suffered the least loss. When the incident broke out, the navy did not take precautions at all. Even two days after the outbreak, the commander-in-chief of the Northeast Navy, Shen Honglie, was still in Shenyang and could not leave the city.Shen Honglie broke out from Shenyang on September 20th, the third day after the "September 18th" Incident broke out, and the naval agencies in Shenyang were swept away by the Japanese.

However, Shen Honglie is worthy of being a naval veteran who fought against Doihara on Temple Street, and immediately responded to the incident-in 1919, the Chen Shiying Department of the Chinese Navy assisted the Soviet Red Army to eliminate the Japanese army in Khabarovsk. The battle was about to break out, and Shen Honglie was ordered to fight repeatedly with Doihara, who was in charge of the investigation on the Japanese side, and finally achieved relatively satisfactory diplomatic results. Upon learning of the outbreak of the "September 18th" Incident, Shen Honglie commanded the Northeast Navy to immediately make two deployments:

On the one hand, he deployed all the foreign naval ships of the Northeast Navy to quickly leave the Northeast Haikou and gather in Qingdao, Shandong.At the same time, he ordered all personnel of the Northeast Navy Command in Shenyang to move to Qingdao to preserve the Northeast Navy ships, which were at an absolute disadvantage compared with the Japanese army. The main force of the Northeast Navy was based in Qingdao at that time, so when the "September 18th" Incident broke out, it was beyond its reach.When the "September 18th" incident broke out, because the Northeast authorities did not take active countermeasures and declared no resistance, the Northeast Navy Fleet far away in Qingdao did not counterattack and attack the Japanese army. A small number of warships retreated to Qingdao urgently.

One of the northeast water forces is the water police force of the Commercial and Insurance Bureau under the jurisdiction of Yingkou City.A group of gunboats belonging to the water police stopped at Yingkou.All these ships were detained by the Japanese army.After being detained by the Japanese army, because the volunteers continued to harass Yingkou and other places after the "September 18th Incident", the employees of the Commercial Insurance Bureau and the police, driven by patriotic enthusiasm, launched a riot when the Japanese army was slightly lax and captured the better gunboats. Four ships and three patrol boats fled to Dagu and Yantai.Only two dilapidated gunboats "Jinghai" and "Kuaima" waiting for repair, and several motor sailboats fell into the hands of the Japanese army.

On the other hand, Shen actively arranged the way out for the Jiangfang Fleet.In addition to the offshore fleet, the Northeast Navy also has an inland river fleet operating on the Heilongjiang River—the Jiangfang Fleet.The outlet of the Jiangfang Fleet is on the border of the Soviet Union, so the three eastern provinces fell and the fleet naturally had no place to retreat.Coupled with the cold weather, the surface of the river began to freeze.Therefore, after the "September 18th" incident, the Jiangfang Fleet was in a very embarrassing situation with many internal contradictions. All in all, the Jiangfang Fleet is a fleet with a glorious experience of resisting foreign aggression. There are three main reasons why it was so embarrassing after the "September 18th" Incident: The second reason was that the central government's non-resistance policy at that time caused confusion among the officers and soldiers; the third reason was that the Jiangfang Fleet had just participated in the "September 18th" incident. The Battle of the Middle East between the Soviet Union.In this war, the Jiangfang Fleet fought a bitter battle with the Soviet Far East Red Banner Amur Fleet in Tongjiang.During the battle, although the Jiangfang Fleet was outnumbered and suffered heavy losses under the attack of Soviet naval ships and aircraft, they adopted the tactics of surprise attack by hiding barges with cannons in the reeds, destroying and injuring many Soviet warships. There was no downfall in the scene.

In this battle, the gunboat "Jiang Heng", the capital ship of the Jiangfang Fleet, sank in Tongjiang, and several battleships with more combat effectiveness, including "Jiangqing", "Jiangtong", "Jiangping", and "Dongyi", were all fighting It sank and suffered heavy casualties.Therefore, when the "September 18th" incident broke out, its power had been greatly weakened. Due to grievances with the Soviet Union, the Jiangfang Fleet obviously could not withdraw to the Soviet Union.Its commander Yin Zuyin received an order from Shen Honglie to scuttle the warship and evacuate the personnel.However, this command was not executed.Under the advance of the Japanese invaders, most of the Jiangfang Fleet held a wait-and-see attitude. When the warship was frozen in the dock and could not be used, they dismantled the main artillery on the warship and put it ashore, organized a naval artillery team, and participated in the Harbin defense battle.

On January 26, 1938, when Li Du, the guardian of Yilan, and Ding Chao, the commander of the Middle East Road, launched the Harbin Anti-Japanese War (according to Zhang Xueliang's order, the designation of the regular army was cancelled, and the self-defense army and civilian armed forces participated in the war), the Jiangfang Fleet Formed a naval artillery team to participate in the war of resistance.From January 26 to February 5, 1932, the Army and Navy of the Self-Defense Forces conducted a ten-day defensive operation in Harbin.After the failure, some of the remaining artillery personnel were transferred to the Northeast Volunteer Army and persisted in the war of resistance, which was a small contribution to the navy in the Northeast War of Resistance.

After the fall of Harbin, because the naval artillery went ashore to fight against Japan, a large number of soldiers who advocated resistance to Japan left the fleet, and Yin Zuoqian, who was inclined to surrender, took advantage of the fleet.After the incident broke out, the Japanese Navy established the "Manchurian Navy Ad Hoc Organization" to contact the Jiangfang Fleet frequently, and dispatched Major General Shouzaburo Kobayashi, the head of the Japanese Navy's secret service in Northeast China, to try to win over Yin Zuoqian in an attempt to annex the Jiangfang Fleet. On February 15, 1932, Major Sasaki Takanobu of the "Manchurian Navy Special Agency" signed an agreement with the Jiangfang Fleet at the Modern Hotel in Harbin, and the Jiangfang Fleet officially "submitted" to the puppet Manchukuo.On the same day, all the ships of the Jiangfang Fleet were extradited to the Puppet Manchukuo government, and the Jiangfang Fleet of the Northeast Navy finally fell into the enemy's hands.

However, many naval officers and soldiers who were in a difficult situation were still unwilling to join forces. When the Jiangfang Fleet was forced to lower its flag, more than 100 officers and soldiers went ashore to organize volunteers to participate in the anti-Japanese war.At that time, all the naval guns and guns of the fleet had also been transported to Jiangbei as planned and handed over to Ma Zhanshan's anti-Japanese troops.Even the officers and soldiers left behind had the idea of ​​being on standby. Later, it was the personnel of this fleet who organized the "Liji" gunboat uprising that shocked the world.

On February 24, 1938, more than 2,000 Japanese troops attacked Yishui, Zhucheng, and Juxian in the northeast of Linyi from north to south. However, the Japanese army encountered fierce resistance in Juxian when they went north. Two armored trains, most of which were sacrificed in the end.This force is the Marine Corps retained by the Northeast Navy. They retreated from the sunken ship in Qingdao, where they started the prelude to the Battle of Taierzhuang.When the great victory was won in the Battle of Taierzhuang, few people noticed that the prologue of this battle was carried out by such a special force.

Since the retreat from Shenyang, the navy brothers in the Northeast have been waiting for this day for seven years.