Chapter 40 The first section of a generation of talented Zeng Zhaoxiu

In addition to Wu Jinding, Wang Jiechen, and Xia Nai, the Pengshan Han tomb investigation and excavation team departed from Lizhuang, and there was also a woman who was studying archeology at the University of London Research Institute with Wu and Xia——Zeng Zhaoyu.Wu, Xia and Zeng.They are the three most famous "sea turtles" who studied in England owned by the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum under the leadership of Li Ji in its heyday. As far as Wu, Xia, and Zeng's life experiences and achievements are concerned, although they all lead to the same goal by different routes, they have their own paths after all.Since he stepped into the road of archaeology, whether at home or abroad, Xia Nai has basically followed the same mentor as Wu Jinding, and the number of ways to study is also similar.The difference is that both of them are outstanding people and a generation of talents in the field of archaeology; the difference is that Wu Jinding cannot compete with Xia Nai in many aspects.In terms of character and habits, the two fully embody the characteristics of typical southerners and northerners, or more specifically, the characteristics of Wenzhou people in Zhejiang and Changwei plain people in Shandong.Wu is dull and not good at words, but his talent is average but he works extremely hard. Although Xia Nai's performance in words cannot be praised as eloquence, it is clear and fluent, especially when it comes to English, which is more fluent than Wu Jinding.In terms of comprehensive qualities, Xia Nai is smarter, more talented, and has more academic vision and handling ability than Wu Jinding.This gap is natural, irreparable and irreversible.This natural difference is also the fundamental reason why Xia Nai was deeply appreciated by Fu Sinian before and after studying abroad, but soon after arriving in Lizhuang, his limelight quickly overshadowed his senior Wu Jinding.

However, at this time and after that, Xia Nai was not unbeatable and invincible all over the world.Like everything in the world, there is yin and there is yang, and yin and yang restrain and grow together. After the generation of archaeologists such as Li Ji and Liang Siyong, among the new generation of archaeologists, Xia Nai is the one who can compete with Xia Nai at the University of London. A female classmate when she was studying abroad, a descendant of the family of Zeng Guofan, a famous patriotic general in the late Qing Dynasty, and a descendant of the family of Zeng Guofan, who has the reputation of being a hero among women——Zeng Zhaoyu.

Zeng Guofan, who was well-known in the late Qing Dynasty and even in the entire Chinese history, was the eldest son of Zeng Guofan in Xiangxiang, Hunan. His fellow brothers were Zeng Guofan, Zeng Guohuang, Zeng Guohua, Zeng Guoquan, and Zeng Guobao. They were ranked according to the family sequence of their grandfathers, and they were respectively the oldest Guofan. , fourth younger brother Guohuang, sixth younger brother Guohua, ninth younger brother Guoquan, and fourth younger brother Guobao.In the later years, apart from Zeng Guohuang, who was only moderately qualified, who ran a family business in his hometown of Xiangxiang, Zeng Guofan, as the founder and commander of Xiangyong, led his troops to fight against Hong Yang's generation in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.The three brothers below Zeng Guohua all joined the army and joined the "jihad" to cut off "long hair".The subsequent ending was that Zeng Guohua died in the Battle of Sanhe, Zeng Guobao died of the plague while besieging Nanjing, and Zeng Guoquan became the first general to conquer Nanjing, the capital of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Zeng Zhaoyu is the eldest great-granddaughter of Zeng Guohuang, the second brother of Zeng Guofan (line 4). According to the arrangement of "Guo, Ji, Guang, Zhao" in the Zeng family, Zeng Zhaoyu belongs to the fourth generation.Zhaoyu's grandfather, Zeng Jiliang, and father, Zeng Guangzuo, were both affiliated students of county schools in the Qing Dynasty, and they were both appointed Zhongxian Doctors.Zeng Guangzuo was a Juren in the late Qing Dynasty and the author of "Pingqiezhai Poetry and Essays".Zeng Zhaoyu's mother, Chen Jiying, was the daughter of Chen Baozhen, governor of Hunan Province, and Chen Yinke's direct aunt.On the eighth day of the first month of the lunar calendar in the first year of Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty (February 3, 1909), Zeng Zhaoyu was born in the "Wanyitang" of Zeng's family in Xiashi Village, Heye Town, Xiangxiang County (now Shuangfeng County), Hunan Province. His mother had thirteen children. Six of them died young, and seven grew up. They are: the eldest brother Zhaocheng, the second brother Zhaolun, Zhaoyu, the younger brother Zhaozheng (also known as Shaojie), the second sister Zhaoyi, the third sister Zhaolin, and the fourth sister. Zhaomei.The seven brothers and sisters are all diligent and studious, and have achieved success in learning, each with their own strengths.Zhao Cheng is a master of Harvard University; Zhao Lun is a Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Zhao Jie is a bachelor from Shanghai Daxia University; Zhao Yi is a student of Lin Qiaozhi, a famous gynecologist at Peking Union Medical College; Zhao Lin is a doctor of medicine from Southwest Associated University Bachelor of Economics; Zhaomei Bachelor of Biology from Southwest Associated University.Among the seven brothers and sisters, the most famous among the secular society is Zhaoyu’s second brother, Zeng Zhaolun, a famous chemist who was the first academician of the Academia Sinica and served as the dean of Peking University and vice minister of higher education after 1949.

When Zeng Zhaoyu was born, although the Zeng family lost its former splendor, the afterglow of a wealthy family and dignitaries still shone on this huge house and deep courtyard that symbolized dreams and glory.Wan Yi Tang was named after Zeng Guofan's plan, and it took the meaning of "eternal generations", "suitable room and IKEA" and "everything is suitable".The house is large in scale and in Ming style. It was built by Zeng Guohuang and completed in the twelfth year of Tongzhi (1873).At this time, Zeng Guofan had passed away for nearly a year, and Zeng Guohuang's family moved here.After Guohuang's death, the two sons, Zeng Jiliang and Zeng Jixiang, lived in separate families, and this arrangement continued until Zeng Zhaoyu grew up.

In family arrangement, Zeng Guofan is 10, 12, 14 and 18 years older than Zeng Guohuang and his four younger brothers.As a generation of heroes who turned the world around and had a prominent reputation in the history of the late Qing Dynasty, Zeng Guofan initially founded Xiangyong in his hometown of Hunan as a minister of officials, and started a bloody battle with the so-called "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" created by Hong Xiuquan and Yang Xiuqing. After several years of hard work, he finally The massive Hong Yang rebellion was quelled.Zeng Guofan, who managed the army well, rose to the top with his outstanding military exploits and moral personality. He was successively appointed as the governor of Liangjiang, the governor of Zhili, and the imperial envoy of the Qing Empire.Zeng Zhaoyu's other uncle, great-grandfather Zeng Guoquan, started with the famous Xiangyong "Jiziying". One blow, thus laying the cornerstone of the famous "Tongzhi Zhongxing" in the history of Manchu and Qing Dynasties.When the armed separatist forces headed by Hong Yang were annihilated, Zeng Guoquan, who was outstanding in battle, ascended to high positions such as the governor of Hubei, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other provinces, and the governor of Liangjiang.All of a sudden, the sky over the Zeng family's ancestral grave in Xiangxiang, Hunan, was full of green smoke, soaring to the sky and covering the earth, approaching the bullfighting, ushering in a truly glorious situation of "full fortune and prosperity".The people in the family are like peach trees in March, with luxuriant branches and leaves, blooming in clusters and multiplying.

Of course, the formation of this situation is accompanied by long-term hard work, endless blood and sweat, and even sacrifice of life. It is not easy to obtain.As the saying goes, an older brother is like a father. When Zeng Guofan was underdeveloped, he shouldered the mission of teaching several younger brothers, and worked hard for it.In the 26th year of Daoguang in the "Chronology of Zeng Wenzheng Gong" compiled by the famous diplomat and essayist Li Shuchang in the late Qing Dynasty: "The Duke and his younger brother Huang Guohua have learned from each other, just like teachers and friends." It can also be seen from other materials , Zeng Guofan spent more time as a teacher, and many of them have the majesty and sense of responsibility to speak on behalf of his father.On September 18th, the 22nd year of Daoguang, Zeng Guofan, who worked in the Imperial Academy of the Imperial Academy and the assistant editor of the National History Museum, wrote to Zeng Guohuang and other brothers in his hometown, saying: "I have lived in a relationship, but my brothers and sisters are particularly sorry. My father taught me everything he knew, but I couldn't teach my younger brothers everything I knew, which is a great disobedience."

There are many family letters like this that reveal the deep affection of family in Zeng Guofan's life.It not only shows the painstaking efforts of the eldest brother of the Zeng family to hope that his younger brother will become a talent, but also in a certain sense shows the moral style of his loyal inheritor of Confucian culture.Among the brothers, Guofan and Guoquan are very similar in appearance, and their fate is also quite similar. They were both enshrined and opened their mansions on the same day, and both died when they were appointed as the Governor of Liangjiang in Nanjing. ——In the modern history of China, such a coincidence is the first case.

Zeng Guofan advocated fame all his life, but he paid more attention to self-cultivation and the way of family. When he was working in the capital, he received a letter from his family, knowing that his two younger brothers, Guohuang and Guohua, had not been admitted to school, and he felt sad.He wrote back and said: "Sooner or later, the name of the subject is always determined by the past, and we can't force it at all. There are only two things in our generation of reading: one is about morality, and it is about honesty and righteousness. Those who cultivate their careers practice the art of memorizing and reciting poems and chapters in order to defend themselves." Zeng's "defense of the body" means self-cultivation and learning, and self-sufficiency.He also said: "There is nothing greater than seeking food for self-defense. Farmers, businessmen and commerce work hard for food, and scholars work hard for food. Therefore, food is paid to the court, professors are taught in the village, or guests who pass on food, or guests who enter the curtain , all have to take into account their careers, enough to get food without being ashamed. The name of the family, the rank of the food salary, also has to take into account my career, so that in the future, it will not be a vegetarian meal, and then it will be worthy of the name of the family. If you can’t get food, you will be poor. The sky is the master, what is given and taken is the man's master; if the karma is fine or not, then I am the master. However, I have not seen the fruit of the karma, and no one can eat it in the end. The fruit is cultivated vigorously, even if there is famine, there will be a bountiful year; Although there is stagnation in merchant fruit, there must be a clear time; scholar fruit can be good at their business, how can they see that they will not be famous in the end? Even if they will not be named in the end, how can there be no other way to seek food? But it is a special problem The industry is not good."

The descendants of Zeng Guofan's direct line and the descendants of his younger brothers were all shrouded in the glory of the "No. 1 Zhongxing Famous Minister" of Tongzhi of the Qing Empire who shocked the world.The down-to-earth and wise striving spirit contained in Zeng's family style was promoted by Zeng Guofan, which is especially important and rare in the era of social change.On the fifth day of May in the sixth year of Tongzhi, Zeng Guofan sent a letter to Mrs. Ouyang, repeating the principles he repeatedly said, such as "diligence, self-restraint, hard work", "self-cultivation and family harmony" and other principles: "Residing in an official position is just an accidental thing, and staying at home is a long-term solution. If you can make a good scale from the perspective of diligence, thrift, farming and reading, even if you are dismissed from office, it will still be prosperous. If you are greedy for the hustle and bustle of the yamen and do not establish a foundation in your hometown, you will feel bleak after dismissal. Every prosperity must have decline, so we must predict For this plan. Madam Wang teaches children, grandchildren and women, often thinks of being unofficial among writers, and always has the meaning of being humble and thrifty, so the blessings will last forever, and the rest of my heart will be greatly comforted."

Under the influence of this family tradition, fewer and fewer descendants of the Zeng family became officials, and more people found a place to live and work by relying on their skills in fields such as mathematics, chemistry, education, archaeology, and art.This change is not from the form of being an official, but from the spirit, so that the Zeng family can achieve the effect of Zeng Guofan's so-called "blessings for a long time".This is true of the men of the Zeng family, as well as the women, and most of them are mavericks and pioneers, such as Zeng Guofan's great-granddaughter Zeng Baosun (Zeng Jihong's branch) is an excellent example. In 1918, Zeng Baosun and his younger brother Zeng Yuenong founded Yifang Girls’ School, a missionary school in Changsha, and later served as the principal of Hunan Provincial No. 1 Girls’ Normal School. The representative of the National Congress became famous for a while and became a model of self-reliance and self-reliance for Chinese women. Among Zeng Guohuang's great-grandchildren, Zeng Zhaoxiu, Zeng Zhaoyi, Zeng Zhaomei and other women are even more extraordinary, and they can be called a generation of heroines.When Zeng Zhaoyu’s younger sister Zeng Zhaomei recalled her life in Xiangxiang at her home in Taipei in her later years, she once said: “Sister Entropy is eleven years older than me. When I was young, I was very sick. Every time she told me stories, the paper-cut man, hello. Medicine. My mother was very strict in running the family, and paid special attention to our education. We set up a private school at home, and hired a well-educated teacher to teach Chinese. We all entered school at the age of five, finished reading the Thirteen Classics, and recited ancient poems and so on. I went to Changsha to enter junior high school at the age of twelve. Teacher Xiaoping, my uncle, taught from my sister (the two brothers in Changsha studied in the same teacher) and taught me at my home for eighteen years. My sister is the best at learning poetry and songs. Omnipotent. The descendant, Yifang, has studied for six years and is excellent in both learning and practice.” The reason why the sisters of the Zeng family were able to receive an excellent and modern education has a lot to do with their mothers, especially their grandmother, Mrs. Guo Yun.Guo Yun (word Song Fang) is Mrs. Zeng Jihong, the second son of Zeng Guofan, and his father Guo Peilin. Many people in later generations wrote articles thinking that Guo Yun was Guo Songtao's daughter, but it was wrong.Guo Peilin was the same year as Zeng Guofan. The two were admitted to Jinshi together, and then entered the Imperial Academy together. They have a very good relationship.When Zeng Jihong was 1 year old, the Zeng family and the Guo family settled their marriage.When Guo Peilin died, Guo Yun was just 12 years old and became the mistress of the Guo family.Because he had to do a lot of housework, he didn't have much time to read. Later, when Guo and Zeng Jihong got married, they had the opportunity to read poetry and books.In his later years, Guo Yun once said to his fellow villagers: "Most tomes, such as "Annotations to the Thirteen Classics", were read at Zeng's house under the guidance of Wen Zhenggong." Zeng Guofan has two sons, The eldest son, Zeng Jize, has been on foreign missions for a long time. He left Fuhoutang in Heye Town in the third year of Guangxu and never came back.Zeng Jihong suffered from hemoptysis in his early years. He had been at the root for a long time, and he stopped working from time to time, and he became a chronic disease.In the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), his illness worsened, and he died at the age of 34. His wife Guo Yun, who was the same age as her, became a widow. Because of the family education and tempering in the early years, Guo Yun took care of the family to teach his sons, and he grew stronger and stronger. The major internal and external affairs of the Zeng family were all decided by the Guo family.For quite a long time, Guo Yun was actually the number one owner of Fuhoutang who could afford to let go. Dozens of descendants of the Zeng family listened to her orders.Guo wrote "The Agenda of Zeng Fuhoutang", asking his descendants to be self-reliant and self-reliant. He even named his study Yifangguan, and "Yifangguan Poems" was handed down.This collection of poems was prefaced by Wang Min, a great Confucian in Xiangtan, Hunan, and it had a great influence among famous families.In his later years, the Guo family set up six "family mottos" to encourage their sons and daughters to seek self-reliance. At the same time, they did not require their daughters and granddaughters to bind their feet, and they did not approve of stereotyped articles. Accept new education.And "the eldest grandson of every house, regardless of grandchildren and grandchildren, she must bring with her. She also brought Yu Dawei, the eldest son of her daughter Zeng Guangshan, to teach, and invited a Japanese to teach Japanese to the grandchildren. A stayer from the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau Engineers who have traveled abroad teach English. Except for her daughter who married after finishing her private school, she sends all her children and grandchildren abroad to study abroad.”Because "the Zeng family's large numbers of talents really benefited from the early upbringing of the old lady, so that the daughter-in-law Zeng Baosun opened a girls' school with the name of 'Yifang' as a commemoration."At this time, the Zeng family was still prosperous and prosperous. On the surface, traces and inertial effects of Zeng Guofan's family management spirit can still be seen, but a new historic change that kept pace with the times has obviously taken place. When Zeng Zhaoyu was just 14 years old in 1923, he and his elder sister Zeng Zhaojun left Heye Township, Xiangxiang, and came to Changsha. They entered Yifang Girls Middle School founded by their third sister, Zeng Baosun. Zeng Zhaojun died of typhoid fever the following year. Her mother once asked her to go back to Xiangxiang, but she fell ill and died again. Thanks to Zeng Baosun's persuasion, she was able to stay in school. Zeng Baosun is the eldest granddaughter of Zeng Jihong and the daughter of Zeng Guangjun. She entered Westfield College, University of London in 1913, majoring in biology. In the summer of 1916, he obtained a bachelor's degree in science and then entered the London Normal College to study.Inspired by Xitian College's educational methods, respect for students' personality, and mutual trust between teachers and students, as well as the influence he received in Teachers College, Zeng Baosun has since then set his life ambition and takes education as his lifelong career. In 1917, he returned to China via the Americas and began preparations for education.Before Zeng Baosun went to England, she had studied in a high school for girls in Zhejiang, and returned to China from England. The headmaster of this high school for girls, Ba Luyi (British), supported her to set up a girls' school in Hunan.Therefore, Zeng Baosun invited his cousin Zeng Yuenong (according to the south: the eldest grandson of Zeng Jize and the eldest son of Zeng Guangquan), who had just graduated from the Department of Mining and Metallurgy of the University of London, to establish a private Yifang girls' school in Changsha, with Zeng Yuenong as the teaching director. Zeng Baosun is the principal.Zeng Zhaoyu's two younger sisters, Zhaoyi and Zhaomei, also studied at Yifang School, and each has achieved success in the future. Yifang School was first established in Changsha West Garden, and began to enroll students in 1918, including English, mathematics majors, and university preparatory courses. Later, it moved to Zeng Wenzhenggong Temple (ie Zeng Guofan Temple).The ancestral hall is located in the main street of Xiaowu Gate in Changsha, covering a vast area of ​​about 100 mu. Fees are charged for maintenance.Yifang moved into Zeng Wenzheng Temple, and the building and space expanded. The school implemented a six-year middle school system. In addition to offering modern scientific knowledge such as mathematics, science, chemistry, English, music, and physical education, it also carried out the promotion of Christianity. It is different from baptism, but it is different from pure Christian schools in principle, and it obviously incorporates the specialties of excellent Chinese culture.For example, the allocation of classes adopts Confucius' idea of ​​traveling in the six arts. There are six classes in total, namely Li, Yue, She, Yu, Shu, and Shu. They are named the first class of Li and the first class of Yu. class etc. A part of the Zeng Guofan Temple next to Yifang School is occupied by the Chuanshan Academy, where the self-study university presided over by Mao Zedong was established.According to the memory of Zhu Zhusheng, a bookboy Zeng Yuenong brought to Taiwan from his hometown in Xiangxiang, Zeng Baosun always remembered one thing——Mao Zedong once went to Yifang Girls’ School and told Zeng Baosun and Zeng Yuenong: “You two Mr. Well done, with noble morals, but unfortunately we have different political views." In addition to the differences in political views, the conflict between the two families intensified in the competition for the "Haoyuan" in Zeng Guofan's Temple. The final result was that people in the Chuanshan Academy used spears to beat Yifang's teachers and students, and Yifang's teachers and students fled in all directions. discontinued.This incident caused a series of reactions. The forces of the two sides launched a protracted competition in Changsha, where the society was in rapid turmoil. In addition to Mao Zedong, Li Shuyi's husband Liu Zhixun, and Li Da, a representative of the Communist Party of China, were all involved. , thus creating a series of entanglements, love and hatred, and paved the way for the future fate of the members of the Zeng family. ——This is a later story, and I will show it later. Let’s say that in Yifang, a Christian school, Zeng Baosun, as the principal, expects students to be “eager to learn, but not just to study stupid books”, to “respect Christ, but not forgetting the teachings of Confucius and Mencius”, to “observe school rules, and to propose meaningful ideas”. Reasonable advice".These school mottos and educational methods left a deep impression on the young Zeng Zhaoyu.Many years later, Zeng Zhaoyu recalled: "Although Yifang is not a church school, the education is religious, because Zeng Baosun is a Christian, but she is not an ordinary person who 'eats teaching', but a person who has studied Christian philosophy. She speaks to all our students every morning, telling us: 'People are equal before God', 'Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness', 'We must be responsible and conscientious in doing things, and we must be brave and strong in life. A sense of justice''Love your neighbor as yourself, sacrifice yourself, and help others'. These words have had a considerable impact on my life as a person." In the summer of 1929, 20-year-old Zeng Zhaoyu graduated from Yifang Middle School in Changsha. The principal Zeng Baosun advised him to stay in Changsha for further studies, so that he could teach in Yifang in the future.Zeng Zhaoyu was willing to stay because of his admiration for his cousin, but his second elder brother Zeng Zhaolun strongly resisted and called him to study in Nanjing or Shanghai.At the insistence of his brother, Zeng Zhaoyu came to Shanghai to live in the home of his elder brother Zhaocheng in the French Concession, and his second brother Zeng Zhaoluan, who was on vacation and living at the home of his father-in-law Yu Mingyi in Shanghai, was responsible for tutoring his homework and preparing to apply for Central University. Zeng Zhaolun (word Junqi, nickname Shuwei), was born on May 25, 1899 in the grandmother's house outside Chen Zhai in Changsha City (Chen Yinke's family), and moved back to Wanyitang, Heye Town, Xiangxiang with his father and family.Under the strict teaching of his father and school teachers, he studied ancient Chinese classics and received enlightenment education.The Zeng family was very rich in book collection. They built a special library in Fuhoutang, the former residence of Zeng Guofan, with a collection of more than 300,000 books. It is said to be as famous as the four major library buildings in modern China, and even one of the outstanding library buildings.Influenced by the stories of his ancestors who were “hard-working and studious, knowledgeable about books and rituals” and the family tradition of “enduring all kinds of hardships and reading thousands of books”, Zeng Zhaolun was obsessed with books when he was a child, and spent most of his time in libraries and in the countryside. I spent time on the ridge of the field with a book in my hand.A pair of couplets on the side door of the hall of the Fuhoutang library: "If you are not a sage, you are a beast; don't ask about the harvest, but ask about the cultivation", which became the source and motivation for Zeng Zhaolun and the children of the Zeng family to study.The Zeng family has produced a large number of talents, and outstanding figures have appeared in five consecutive generations. It belongs to the rare family of officials who have survived for five generations. The secret of its longevity may lie in this library. Like other children of the Zeng family, Zeng Zhaolun entered the family school to study at the age of 6, and read "Four Books" and "Five Classics" at the age of 9.The school teacher praised his amazing memory.It is said that there will be a big time in the future. In 1912, 14-year-old Zeng Zhaolun and his elder brother Zeng Zhaocheng went to Changsha to study at the Jacob School founded by the Episcopal Church in the United States. Six months later, they transferred to the Changsha Yali University Preparatory School sponsored by the civil society organization of Yale University in the United States. In the summer of 1915, he was admitted to Tsinghua Academy.During his stay in Tsinghua University, due to his excellent academic performance, he completed the 8-year course in only 5 years, and graduated early in 1920.In the summer of the same year, Zeng Zhaolun and his brother Zhaocheng were both admitted as Geng-style foreign students, and they were about to go to the United States to study.This move aroused discussion in the family, and the aunts expressed their opposition, saying to the mothers of the two brothers: "They will recruit horses in Fanbang in the future, what should you do?" Resolutely let his son go abroad.Therefore, Zeng Zhaocheng entered the economics department of the University of Wisconsin in the United States, and then transferred to Harvard University in the United States for further study and obtained a master's degree.Zeng Zhaolun entered the famous Department of Chemical Engineering of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to study, completed 4 years of courses in 3 years, and then switched to chemistry. In 1926, he received a Ph.D. meeting.At that time, the "Great Revolution" was raging fiercely in the south. Under its influence, Zeng Zhaolun worked as a technician at the Guangzhou Ordnance Experimental Factory. This was the beginning of Zeng Zhaolun's attention to the research on ordnance manufacturing and war theory.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, his analysis of the world war situation and the implementation of the atomic bomb manufacturing plan after the war were not unrelated to this life experience. When Zeng Zhaolun returned to China, he passed by the Yu family in Shanghai to visit his aunt Zeng Guangshan, and fell in love with Yu Dawei's younger sister Yu Dazhen. In June 1927, Zeng Zhaolun returned to Shanghai to marry Yu Dazhen, and personally funded Yu Dazhen to study at Shanghai Hujiang University.Not long after, he was recommended by Hu Mingfu (Hu Da), a doctor of philosophy who went to the United States with Hu Shi to study in the United States at the time and was a member of the Education Committee of the Shanghai Political Branch, and became a professor of the Chemistry Department of Central University.When Zeng Zhaolun came to CUHK and showed off his unique skills, his outstanding talent and profound knowledge immediately won the applause of teachers and students, and he soon became the dean of the Chemical Engineering Department of Central University.So far, Zeng Zhaolun has formed a lifelong relationship with education and academic research. When he was teaching at Central University, Zeng Zhaolun saved money and tried to get his younger brothers and sisters to study.Under such a background, Zeng Zhaoyu applied for the National Central University and was admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages ​​after a summer vacation tutoring, and became a student of CUHK in the fall semester. After the semester started in the autumn of 1930, Zeng Zhaojuan transferred to the Chinese Department.At that time, the Chinese Department of CUHK was full of famous teachers, such as Lin Huang Kan, Wu Mei, Hu Xiaoshi, Wang Dong, etc. all taught here.Among several famous professors, Hu Xiaoshi was the one who had the greatest influence on Zeng Zhaoyu's thought and knowledge. Hu Xiaoshi, whose name is Guangwei, whose style name is Xiaoshi, and whose name is Xialu (Zhai name is Yuan Xialu), he works with characters.Originally from Jiaxing, Zhejiang, grew up in Nanjing. In September 1906, he was admitted to Liangjiang Excellent Normal School and graduated three years later.Due to his profound knowledge of Chinese studies and his talent, he was appreciated by Li Ruiqing (named Mei'an, also known as "Qing Daoren"), a school supervisor, a master of Confucian classics, and a famous calligrapher during his studies at school.Li was the founder of the Liangjiang Superior Normal School, the predecessor of Central University. The "Drafts of Qing History" said that he "was involved in pottery and Xie under the Han and Wei Dynasties of the poets. He was well prepared in all styles, especially in seal and official script."Japanese calligraphers called him "the first Chinese calligrapher in five hundred years".Apart from Hu Xiaoshi, Zhang Daqian, Lu Fengzi and others were among his disciples. In 1917, Li Mei'an, an economist, introduced Hu to Shanghai Mingzhi University as a Chinese teacher.In January of the following year, he was invited to serve as a school teacher at Mei'an's home. While teaching his younger brother and nephew Confucian classics, primary school and poetry, he was also instructed by Li Mei'an.At this time, "the famous people in China, such as Shen Zipei (Zeng Zhi), Zheng Dahe, Xu Jiyu, Liu Juqing, Wang Guowei, etc., all lived in Shanghai. During this period, I got the introduction, and then traced back from the stele and the scriptures to the inscriptions on gold, stone, and oracle bones, and searched and researched all of them."Later, Hu Xiaoshi was introduced by Li Mei'an, and together with Jiangnan talented Hu Xiangdong, he became a teacher of Chen Sanyuan (Sanli), son of Chen Baozhen and father of Chen Yinke, one of the leaders of "Tongguang Style" in the late Qing Dynasty poetry circle, and received poetics from him.Chen taught students according to their aptitude, "Ordered Hu Xiangdong to study the Wulu of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty, and Hu Xiaoshi to study the Qijue of the Tang Dynasty people, and then to learn all kinds of styles according to the closeness of sex. Hu Xiaoshi followed the teacher's teaching, transferred to many teachers, and formed his own style."His poems were praised by his teacher Chen Sanyuan as "looking up to Liu Binke, which is rare in seven hundred years". After Hu Xiaoshi entered the university forum to teach, in addition to a series of famous educators, scholars, poets, calligraphers and other titles, he devoted his whole life to the study of ancient philology, phonology, calligraphy, Chu Ci, and the history of Chinese literature. Great achievements.Many years later, in the epitaph written by Zeng Zhaoyu for Hu, he specifically pointed out the three major fields in which he devoted himself most in his life, namely, the study of ancient characters, the study of calligraphy, and the study of Chu Ci—these are also the three studies that Zeng Zhaoyu has benefited the most from. .For Zeng Zhaoyu, who was born in Chu, the study of Chu Ci has a special feeling.In the Heyetang era in Xiangxiang, Hunan, Zeng Zhaoyu’s mother taught Qu Yuan’s works to all seven children including her and Zeng Zhaoxuan. Zhaoyu himself wrote nine poems such as "Reading Songs of Chu" , quite praised by the people at that time.Regarding the experience of learning from Hu Xiaoshi, Zeng Zhaoyu has a very affectionate memory: "I have known my teacher since the autumn of 1931. At that time, my teacher taught oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions in Nanyong, Jinling, and I went to attend classes. I am amazed by the profoundness of the quotations and the denseness of the reasoning. I must go to the class to listen to it, and I also try to ask for help. The teacher wrote the phonetic rhyme table and the double-voiced words in Shuowen, and ordered me to transcribe it again. I have a little knowledge of the ancient Chinese characters. It is also taught by the teacher. The teacher's lectures on the history of Chinese literature, Chu Ci, Tao Xie's poems, etc., not only have insightful insights, but also have a deep sense of spirit. The name of the place is "Want Xialu". The teacher lives in the north room on the second floor, which is called the North Building... It is the place where the teacher writes books. He also teaches calligraphy for the rest of the year. He is ordered to write Zhong Dingwen when he first learns, and he is not allowed to learn calligraphy. From the very beginning, it is perfect and familiar. Every time I study the book, the teacher observes it from behind, reminding me of it by ear, just like teaching a young boy." There are only a few students who Hu Xiaoshi is most proud of in his life. Zhang Longyan, who was studying at Jinling University, and a female student, You Shou, were the ones who got the true inheritance of his calligraphy.Shi Youshou studied at the Chinese Department of Central University, and Zeng Zhaoyu transferred to the Chinese Department thanks to You's inspiration.According to You Shou’s recollection: “Zeng Zhaoyu and I are classmates and friends. One day, I met Zeng Zhaoyu. She was in the first year of the foreign language department. I asked her to transfer to the Chinese department to study philology, and then learn some literature and archaeological relics. This way the future is relatively bright. It’s vast.” Hearing You Shou’s persuasion, Zeng Zhaoyu went to the Department of Chinese to attend an audit. At that time, Hu Xiaoshi was giving lectures on oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions. Research.After the two lectures, Zeng Zhaoyu was greatly shocked. He was amazed by the profoundness of his quotations and the density of his reasoning, so his interest greatly increased. He listened to every lecture and came to ask for help.Hu Xiaoshi’s handwritten phonetic rhyme table and Shuowen double-sound word example, ordered Zeng Zhaoyu to transcribe it again, in order to test his skills. Zeng completed it very well, and expressed a strong interest in the study of ancient Chinese phonetic rhyme. satisfy.As a result, the teachers and students hit it off, and Zeng Zhaoyu transferred to the Chinese Department when the semester changed in the second year, and he and You Shou "co-wrote the front and back of the oracle bone inscriptions, using cicada-wing paper to write, and asked Mr. Hu Xiaoshi to write an inscription". In the autumn of 1931, Zeng Zhaoyu, You Shou, and Zhang Longyan kowtowed together in the hall of Hu Xiaoshi's "Wishing Xialu" in accordance with the old-style apprenticeship rules, and presented the student post, officially becoming Hu's disciples.Later, You Shou was able to enter the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum and the Institute of History and Philology of the Academia Sinica. Zhang Longyan studied at the University of Nanxi (Nancy) in France and obtained a doctorate in law. The profound academic foundation laid is inseparable. Not long after Zeng Zhaoyu became a teacher, Zeng Zhaoxuan was humiliated by the president Zhu Jiahua's words "call your director to come" because of the meeting of the department directors of Central University. In a rage, he resigned to teach at CUHK. The lonely Zeng Zhaoyu, a professor and head of the Department of Chemistry at the university, moved to Hu Xiaoshi's "Wishing Summer House" for food and lodging.Regarding this period of life, Zeng Zhaoyu recalled: "The teacher lived in Jiangjun Lane in the north of the city. It was a small building built by himself, named Yuan Xialu. The teacher lived in the north room on the second floor, called the North Building. A couch against the wall, the front row Several cases are piled up with classics, and a large case is placed in the room, where the teacher writes books. I also teach calligraphy here, and I am ordered to write Zhong Dingwen when I first learn it. When learning books, the teacher observes them from behind. He reminds the face of the ear, like teaching a young boy." He also said, "May the third floor of Xialu be a library, with toothpicks and thousands of volumes. The teacher is very precious, and outsiders rarely get a peek. I often read it. The sun never goes down." During the past three years, the two teachers and students have been together day and night, leaving behind many warm and deep friendships like a loving father and daughter.The lights of the small building flickered with the starlight in the sky, and the magical door of knowledge silently opened to the young Zeng Zhaoyu. The grand and profound knowledge of gold and stone, calligraphy, history, archaeology, art, phonology, etc., are like bubbling clear spring water. Flowing out from the green mountains and plateaus in midsummer, it is injected into the heart of a talented woman who is thirsty for knowledge. Over time, Zeng Zhaoyu has a deep understanding of the origin and essence of his teacher's academic research, and he has quite a grasp of the understanding and study of phonology. According to the phonology of the "National Central University College of Arts Student Records" collected by Nanjing University, it shows that, Zeng Zhaoyu has scored 100 points in the exam for three consecutive years, which shows his academic progress. In 1933, "On the Change of Ancient Prose" published in the first issue of the first volume of the "National Central University Literary Society Series" was Zeng Zhaoyu's record of Hu Xiaoshi's lectures (performances).After Hu Xiaoshi's death, Zeng Zhaoyu emphasized on this article: "Mr. Hu studied Shang and Zhou bronze wares. As far back as 1931 and 1932, he said that the changes of characters on bronze wares and patterns adapt to each other, and advocated the synthesis of characters and patterns. For his research, see his article "On the Changes of Ancient Prose." A few years later, Zeng Zhaoyu's master's thesis "Inscriptions and Patterns on Ancient Chinese Bronze Wares", which was more than 100,000 words in the Graduate School of the University of London, was published in " On the basis of "On the Changes of Ancient Chinese Prose", in-depth and meticulous research and inheritance of Hu's scholarship. After graduating from National Central University, Zeng Zhaoyu served as a part-time teacher of Chinese at the Middle School Affiliated to Jinling University. In the autumn of 1934, he was admitted to the Sinology Research Class of Jinling University for further study. He was in the same class as You Shou, Shen Zucai and other friends. Hu Xiaoshi taught the history of calligraphy as a part-time class here.During this period, Zeng completed the article "Reading (Example of Qi Wen)", which was published in the school's "Primary Studies" magazine in 1936. When Zeng Zhaoyu was admitted to the Sinology Research Class of Jinling University, her second sister-in-law, Zeng Zhaolun’s wife, Yu Dazhen, had already been admitted as an international student under the Chinese-English Geng Scholarship to study English literature at Oxford University in England.After Yu arrived in England, her horizons were broadened, and she felt that the world was really wonderful, and studying abroad was indeed the most brilliant moment in her life's dream.Immersed in fresh fashion and passion, Yu Dazhen sent a letter to Zeng Zhaoyu, advising him not to waste his youth in China, but to study in the UK as soon as possible so as to integrate into the world's academic trends.Yu's theory was supported by Zeng Zhaocheng, especially Zeng Zhaolun. Zeng Zhaoyu was grateful for the kindness of his brother and sister-in-law, and decided to cross the sea to seek the law, gain a glimpse of the secrets of the capitalist powers, and get his academic truth. At the beginning of March 1935, Zeng Zhaoyu resigned from the research class of Jinling University and the teaching position of the attached middle school. With the support of his two brothers (Zhao Luan paid 60% of his salary for tuition and Zhao Cheng paid for travel expenses), he went to England to study.Before leaving, Zeng Zhaoyu bid farewell to relatives and friends, went to the master's door, said goodbye one by one, and specially said Hu Xiaoshi "May Xialu" to bid farewell to his mentor's family.Mrs. Zeng called Hu Xiaoshi's mother Taishimu in courtesy. When Zeng Zhaoyu heard Taishimu say, "I don't know if we will meet again after returning", he couldn't help feeling sad, and burst into tears. On March 13, Zeng Zhaoyu was sent by his two elder brothers to the Shanghai wharf, boarded an Italian cruise ship, and went to study archeology at the Graduate School of the University of London, UK. ——This is the first woman in China to study archeology overseas. It was in this world-renowned university that Zeng Zhaoyu met three overseas students including Wu Jinding, Wang Jiechen and Xia Nai unexpectedly.