Chapter 45 Appendix III

Appendix III: Regarding anesthetics and mushroom toxins, pentobarbital sodium anesthetic barbiturate derivatives are one of the most commonly used anesthetics in clinical medicine. According to the nature of the anesthetic itself, the anesthetics commonly used in medicine are roughly divided into: volatile anesthetics (such as ether, chloroform, etc.), non-volatile anesthetics (such as urethane, chloral hydrate, etc.) and Chinese patent medicine anesthetics (such as scopolamine hydrobromide, but not commonly used), etc. The pentobarbital sodium mentioned in the article (and similar phenobarbital sodium and thiopental sodium (sodium pentothal)) are barbiturate non-volatile anesthetics, which are usually administered by intravenous injection—— It has the advantages of convenient use, fast onset of effect, easy control of dosage, long maintenance time of one administration, etc., so it has quite popular application in modern medicine and related fields.

As for the narcotic pistol, its prototype is a special narcotic gun often used in wild animal capture—this kind of gun usually only has one bullet (of course, there are also more than two bullets—the one used in this article is ( Lol)): A special syringe.Some other complex ingredients are added to the specially prepared pentobarbital sodium injected for rapid onset of action—such as Ketamine (Ketamine), Propofol (Propofol) and other intravenous anesthetics with fast onset but short duration Appropriate muscle relaxants.Although the onset time of thiopental sodium is only 30 seconds, it is a pity that its aqueous solution is not stable and needs to be prepared immediately, so it is not suitable for use as a fast-acting agent in anesthesia gun bullets.

, Amanitins (Amanitins) are most often contained in Amanita Virosa (Amanita Virosa). Because of the unusually beautiful appearance of this wild mushroom, it is even known as "demagogic", so it is often Known as the "deadly angel") and the horror mushroom toxin of Amanita Phalloides, only a small dose can be fatal (research from "Wild Mushroom Guide", roughly 0.1 mg per kg (LD50)—an order of magnitude smaller than the highly toxic cyanide). According to the number of amino acids contained, amanitin toxins can be subdivided into Phallotoxins containing seven amino acids and Amatoxins containing eight amino acids—both toxins can Invade the nucleus directly, and prevent RNA and protein synthesis by binding to RNA polymerase type II: this process is obviously irreversible.Macroscopically speaking, it will cause permanent damage to the liver, kidneys and digestive system.

But the difference between this toxin and cyanide is that it will not be fatal in a short time after use-the symptoms of poisoning will only appear after a sufficient amount of cells have been completely damaged: I set the toxin as "scale handle" in the article "Amanita chinensis extract", its concentration is about 20 times of the normal consumption dose, combined with the intravenous anesthetic pentobarbital, it can cause the false appearance of anesthesia asphyxiation within one to two hours - being shot by anesthesia The victim will not die immediately, nor will there be obvious symptoms of poisoning (vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, angina pectoris, and coma): Rhodes probably followed the advice of the professional killer he hired and used this wonderful method to avoid poisoning. Wenzel's suspicions.