Chapter 18 source

The plot of this book mainly revolves around John.Chatterton and Ricky.Kohler unfolded with the two divers.They have provided me with a lot of help during my writing process.They brought out all the documents, photos, videotapes, notes and dive logs for my review.I spent hundreds of hours interviewing them in various places: at their home in New Jersey, on the Explorer, with Kohler on the German Autobahn, and Chatterton on the U505 in Chicago.Their demonstrated desire to identify the mysterious submarine is a fundamental standpoint for the writing of this book. In describing Chatterton's and Koller's submarine expeditions, I use their reminiscences as my main reference.Wreck diving is usually a solo sport and generally only memories are available for reference.I would watch their dive tape if they had filmed it.I also studied photographs of the wreck and consulted Chatterton's and Kohler's handwritten notes.I interviewed fourteen divers who surveyed the submarine with them, nine of whom followed Bill with them that year.Legg found the wreck from the latitude and longitude numbers obtained from the owner of the fishing boat.

The illustrations about submarines at the beginning of the book gave me a more perceptual understanding of submarines. The illustrations were drawn by Danny.Cromwell, he is now the captain of the Explorer and a senior diver who has been participating in submarine survey activities.His descriptions, drawn from memory and experience, were an invaluable aid in my writing process.Most divers who have surveyed submarines consider this book to be a masterpiece.steve.Gato, Brian.Skelly, Christina.Jan and Kevin.Several divers, including Brennan, took beautiful photos of the wreck underwater.Based on these photographs, I can imagine the exact scene Chatterton and Koehler described.I also studied photographs, diagrams and blueprints of Type IX submarines in various books, the most important of which was Fritz.Kaur and Axel.German Submarine Type IXC by Nestler.At the same time, the relevant information about U869 provided by the US Public Broadcasting Corporation on the website of the "Hitler's Lost Submarine" program also played an important role in helping me (pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostsub).I have visited the U505 several times at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago. Each visit gave me a more detailed understanding of the Type IX submarine. The U505 is the exact same type of submarine that the divers discovered in 1991.

I personally visited the Explorer.Captain Denny while docked at Brielle Pier, New Jersey.Cromwell took me to every corner of the ship, and then he invited me to go to sea with the "Seeker" - also according to the mysterious number to find the sunken ship - to the sea 70 miles from the coast.The waves were so violent that I was thrown out of bed several times.It’s hard to appreciate what a dive charter boat is like if you haven’t spent 24 hours on board in rough seas. Many of the stories in the book about wreck diving are told by Chatterton and Kohler, as well as other divers, dive charter captains and eyewitnesses.Because the sport is so dangerous and the number of participants is limited (there are only a few hundred wreck divers in the United States), many of the related incidents are only word of mouth.Whenever possible, the events recounted in this book have all been verified by those primarily involved.Joe.Chatterton was on hand to witness Droz's death at the "Texas Command Tower."steve.When Feldman died, I interviewed nearly every diver who was there, including Feldman's diving partner, Paul.Skempinski, Dogger.Robert and Kevin.Brennan, they witnessed the whole disaster in the water, and I interviewed John.Hidman and Mark.McMahon, they risked their lives to find Feldman's body in the sand of the seabed.I also reviewed the records of divers reporting the incident to the Coast Guard after the Explorer returned.Writing about George.I interviewed George during the dangerous encounter with Press.Press and Howard, the captain of the "Eagle's Nest" who bravely rescued him.Crane.And Levi's.I interviewed Kaul himself and his diving partner John about Kaul's distress situation.Yuga, as well as Chatterton and Kohler, they were all present at the scene and witnessed the whole thing happen.Regarding the description of the deaths of the Routh father and son, I mainly listened to the accounts of Chatterton, Kohler, Yuga and Cromwell. They all witnessed the accident and participated in the subsequent rescue and diving equipment search.I also read Bern."The Last Dive: The Fatal Experience of a Father and Son in the Deep Atlantic" by Choudhury.This book describes the tragedy of Routh and his son in detail, and is the best illustration of the dangers of deep sea diving.

Through interviews with divers and charter boat captains, I have gleaned the inside culture of wreck diving off the coast of the Northeast United States.Butch.McMahon's Everest Under the Sea, published in July 2000, provided a powerful reference for my writing and is the best book ever written about the Andra Dorian and the divers who surveyed the legendary wreck. Good description.And Devon.McMurray's "Extremely Sinking: The Expedition of the "Andra Dorian"" also provided me with invaluable help in understanding the history of the "Dorian" and the character traits of the divers who explored it .

In order to understand deep sea diving physiology, I read a lot of books on it.The one who helped me the most was Tim.Intermediate Buoyancy: Adventures in the Water World by Eckert.Eckert's writing is beautiful, not only clarifying the principles of diving physiology, but also exploring the development potential of deep sea diving.His writing is very inspiring.Psychologist Bill.Hamilton patiently explained to me some technical issues of deep sea diving. bill.Legg's story is written by Chatterton, Koehler, Yuga, Cromwell and Andrew.Legg told me.Almost every diver or captain during my interviews told me something legendary about Legg.skeets.Captain Frink told me in detail how Legg got his mysterious numbers about where the submarine had sunk.

Koehler — one of the original founders of the organization — and Pete as I learned about the history and culture of Atlantic Wreck Divers.Guglieli, John.Rachinmajor, and Pat.Rooney helped me both.I read from various sources about the years-long feud between dive charter captains, and McMurray's Extremely Sinking: The Expedition of the Andra Dorian and Gerry.Gentile's "Lusitania" Controversy - Volume II also provided me with information in this regard.About Steve.For Feldman's profile, I interviewed his dive partner Paul.Skempinski and his friend Tommy.Claus, Marty.Dick, John.Hopkins, Andrew.Ross and Captain Paul.Hepler.About Chris.Rolls and Chrissy.I refer to Berne for the information about Rolls and his sons.Choudhury's "The Last Dive" book.For Chatterton and Koehler, I interviewed their ex-wives, wives, friends and family.I also interviewed John, who fought alongside Chatterton, about Chatterton's experience in Vietnam.Lyco and Norman, the doctor who took care of him.Sake.Former Vietnam battlefield ambulanceman, writer Charles.Keaney spoke highly of the role of ambulancemen in the Vietnam War.

I verified the process and results of Chatterton and Koehler's research through various channels.Their collection includes copies of many of the historical originals they used to identify the submarine, including attack reports, analyzes of anti-submarine operations, summaries of intercepted radio intelligence, translations of German submarine headquarters diaries, and accident reports.During their review process, some historical documents were not photocopied, and I verified the information one by one by consulting books or consulting experts.In the process, Random House published Clay.Blair's two-volume book, Hitler's Submarine Warfare, has been of invaluable help to me.In the book, Blair provides information on both German and Allied forces, which is very rare in other books in this field. At the same time, this book covers all aspects of submarine warfare, military operations, military theory, and situational intelligence. Very insightful and readable.This book is the most valuable written material I have consulted while writing this book.German naval researcher Axel.Nestler assisted me on numerous occasions in confirming the accuracy of Chatterton and Kohler's research.I checked the correspondence between the two of them and many people on the mysterious submarine. Through reading these letters, I gradually gained a deeper understanding of the tendency, development, and even maturity of their research.At the Center for Naval History in Washington, I interviewed Dean.Allard, Bernard.Kavalkent, William.Dudley and Catherine.Lloyd, they all told me about the divers' research methods, research materials, research channels, and the personality traits they embody.Timothy at the National Archives in Washington.Mulligan did the same for me.I interviewed Gregory of the Civilian Air Patrol and their possible sinking of the mysterious submarine.Weidenfeld, also read his monograph on the subject.On Airships and Submarines, I interviewed Gordon, a former intelligence officer for the Atlantic Airship Fleet during World War II.Weiss, and benefited greatly from his book Airships and Submarines: The U.S. Navy Airship Fleet in the Battle of the Atlantic.Early in the research, Submarine Hero Carl.Frederick.Mortan's letters to Chatterton helped me understand the veteran's perspective on the mysterious submarine.Many of the news reports cited in the book are scrapbooks collected by Chatterton and Koehler.Finally, I also consulted the research notes of the divers.They not only recorded their research results in an orderly manner, but also wrote down their thoughts on the side.

Blair's books have also played an irreplaceable role in my learning about the history of submarine warfare.In addition to that, I also regularly log on to the submarine website - uboat.net - which is the best site for information on German submarine history, captain profiles, and the fate of various submarines.It would have been very difficult for me to do my research on submarines without these excellent, detailed resources online. Transcripts for the Rising Star program "Hitler's Lost Submarines" are also available on the PBS website, and interviews with various academics and submarine veterans have provided important assistance in my writing.Blair's book and Neistler's Lost German Submarines of World War II are my main references when writing about the history and fate of some submarines (except U869).When I can't find the submarine information I need, I call or write Nestler and he is always more than happy to help.Data on submarines and submarine losses vary widely between various publications.The data I cite in the book are all from the aforementioned Nestler's work.As a private German researcher, Nestler has many unique insights about submarines, while still working to find out the whereabouts of the missing submarine.His book not only provides a wealth of data about submarines, but also provides plausible explanations for errors in postwar assessments that have created obstacles to solving the submarine mysteries mentioned in this book.

For information on German submariners, I refer to Timothy.Mulligan's book "Not a Shark, Not a Wolf: A Record of the Soldiers of the German Submarine Force, 1939-1945".Set against the backdrop of a turning point in Germany's fortunes following the expansion of the war, the book is a classic read on information about crew members participating in submarine warfare.The author, Mulligan, is a document administrator who specializes in managing captured German materials and historical materials during World War II. His research results are based on interviews with more than a thousand submarine veterans.I have read Jack seriously.Malman.Shuwell is the author of several books that vividly describe life on board submarines, the chain of command of a submarine force, and the personalities of the soldiers who operated them.The book that helped me the most was The Submarine Under the Swastika.This 132-page book is a very easy-to-read primer on submarine knowledge.I'm still in Toronto with former U190 chief engineer Werner.Hirschman had several conversations.In the course of the conversation, I learned more about submarines than I could have read in years.

When I learned about the history, fate and crew of U869, I mainly benefited from the following materials: About Captain Helms.To learn about Nürnberg's life and work, I checked his service records and went to Germany to interview his son Jugen and elder brother Fred Helm. About First Mate Sied Fried.Brant's life and work, I also refer to his service records, and went to Germany to interview his brother Hans George.Brant and his friend Clements.Bockett and Haynes.Schilli. About torpedo hand Franz.Nedel's life and work, I interviewed his fiancée Gisela in Germany.Engman. I interviewed Herbert, the former operator of U869, in Germany for a few days.Guschiwowski.It was through Guschowski that I learned about the submarine's crew and officers, especially Nurnberg, Brant, and Martin.Holenberg had a better understanding.Many stories and details about the U869 training process were told by Guschiwski, and some of them were obtained from the submarine's training diary.Much of the general information on submarine training comes from Mulligan's Not a Shark, Not a Wolf, and on Werner.Hirschman interview.

My accurate description of the crew of U869 and the submarine itself is entirely aided by photographs provided through various sources.Many of them were records taken by the "Imperial Navy" at that time, and many were given to Chatterton and Kohler by the family members of the submariners and Mr. Guschowski. I can recreate the patrolling of U869 before it sank, thanks in large part to Nestler's important 1994 monograph "The Disappearance of U869".It was this report that changed previous perceptions of why U869 sank and fueled divers' efforts to identify the wreck.I was also helped by Blair's brief account of the patrols in Volume II of Hitler's Submarine Warfare.I also cite an analysis by Allied intelligence agencies of the intercepted radio communications of U869 and submarine headquarters.Through a lengthy interview with Nestler in Germany, he finally assisted me in imagining and explaining the situation that U869 encountered in its final moments. Finally, I accompanied Kohler to Germany in 2002, and my description of the trip to Germany is entirely based on my own personal experience.thank you The authors would like to thank the following people for their help and support: Heser of International Creative Management.scrood.She is any writer's dream agent.She's a staunch, tireless advocate, a lover of good stories, a brilliant, passionate reader, and a lovely, funny person.I can't imagine how my writing would have been done without her help.I also want to thank her assistant Chrissy.Ricks, for her deep interest in this book. Hornathan.Karp, editor at Random House.In a sense, he was exposed to this book before I was.He distilled the essence of the story and then asked me to try and write about it, and for that I've always been grateful to him.To this day, I continue to benefit from his gift for storytelling.I admire his gentlemanly demeanor and his gracious and unhurried manner.When I was in Toronto for an interview about parts of the book, I had a brief phone call with him, and he described to me his general vision for the nonfiction.Since then, my creative concept has changed.I would also like to thank Jonathan at Random House.Joe, he's Honathan.Karp's assistant, for his careful reading and valuable evaluation of this book; Dennis.Ambrose, thoughtful editor (and deep-sea diver as well); Boney.Thompson, skilled reviewer; Amelia.Zuckerman, for revising my manuscript; and Gena.Centrero, Elizabeth.McGuire, Anthony.Chickgarty, Carlo.Schneider, Thomas.Perry, Sally.Marvin, Ivan.Herder... john.Chatterton and Ricky.Kohler.If a writer is lucky, he has the opportunity in his life to work with real trailblazers.And in the process of working with Chatterton and Kohler, I found that I met two excellent pioneers at once.Both of them were very intelligent, self-disciplined, and possessed the gift of description, which is the greatest gift God can give to a writer.They were all generous with their time, spending hundreds of hours with me, whether at home, over the phone, on board the Explorer, on the German Autobahn, or on the U505 in Chicago.I can call them in the middle of the night and they can see right away why I have to be there instead of waiting until the next morning to fix the problem.During my contact with them, I deeply felt that they were real explorers.Thanks also to Chatterton's wife Kara.Madrigal and Kohler's wife, Carly.Bassetti, they have always been friendly and welcoming to me, no matter how much time I take up on their husbands. annette.Cusin, one of the best writers I have ever known, tirelessly read and revised my manuscript.She told me years ago that good work comes from good inspiration. Axel.Nestler, scholar and thinker with innovative ideas, was a true gentleman.Dr. Nestler has always been generous with providing me with precise information whenever I have asked him for his submarine expertise.It was an honor to have known him. john.Yuga, an outstanding deep-sea wreck diver, made unremitting efforts to find out the identity of the mysterious submarine.His mental sharpness, attention to detail, focus, and intellectual comprehension - seemingly insignificant - were inspiring. Werner.Hirschman, Chief Engineer of U190.No one described life on the submarine more poignantly and poetically than Hirschman.He hosted me at his home in Toronto, drove me around his vineyards, and told me about the wonderful, exciting life of being a submarine captain.His tale of homesick sailors raising a fly on a submarine—feeding it and eventually developing a bond with it—has stuck in my head. In America, Danny.Captain Cromwell, Barbara.Bolin and Tim.The Ricos were generous with their time, knowledge, and affection for my interviews. In Germany, these people opened their doors and shared their precious memories with me: Hans Georg.Brant and his family; Gisela.Engman; Michael.Fordrowitz; Fredhelm.Nürnberg and Jugen.Nurnberg.Special thanks to Herbert.Guschowski, who recounted for us at length those tragic but sublime memories from decades past. Thanks to the following people who were able to be interviewed and who helped me complete and improve the writing of this book: dean.Allard, Bernard.Kavalkent, William.Dudley, RW Bill.Hamilton, Hank.Keats, Catherine.Lloyd, Timothy.Mulligan, Gordon.Weiss, Gregory.Weidenfeld. Searle.Captain Arena, Steve.Bilanda, Fred.Bau, Kevin.Brennan, Kip.Kirkland, Harry.Cooper, Skeats.Frink, Lloyd.Garrick, Steve.Gato, Pete.Guglieli, John.Hindman, Joe.Holbert, Howard.Crane, Levi's.Dr. Kaur, John.Rachinmajor, Mark.McMahon, John.Moyer, Ed.Murphy, Andrew.Legg, Tom.Parker, Billy.Palmer, George.Press, Paul.Captain Ligula, Dog.Robert, Pat.Rooney, Susan.Rolls, Dick.Shu, Brian.Skelly, and Paul.Skempinski. Patricia.Allison, Felicia.Baker, Lisa.Biggins, Clements.Bockett, Casey.Chatterton, Berne.Choudhury, Tommy.Claus, Bill.Delmonico, Marty.Dick, Paul.Captain Hepler, Hank.Hawke, John.Hopkins, Charles.Gini, Fran.Kohler, Frank.Kohler, Frankie.Kohler, John.Kohler, Richard.Kohler, John.Ranko, Rs.Miller, Paul.Morphy, Inge.Oberschelp, Andrew.Ross, Norman.Dr. Sakai, Heinz.Schley, and Rush, an excellent producer at Lone Wolf Films.Denouille and Cork.Wolfinger. Thanks to the following people for placing their trust in me and making me better: David at Esquire magazine.Granger, Pete.Griffin, and Mark.Warren; Joseph, Northwestern University.Epstein; Richard at Chicago Magazine.Babcock.I could not have written this book without the generosity of Babcock. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Wisniewski family: they have provided my family with invaluable love and care, so that I have time and energy to complete the writing of this book. Finally, I want to thank my son, Nate, whose innocent smile inspires my writing every day.Thanks also to my wife, Amy.Cousin, she is the most beautiful and kindest woman I have ever met.Amy often spent hours talking to me about the stories in this book, giving me endless space and support, while juggling childcare and work.It was in her that I saw the beauty of the world.About the Author Robert.Cousin was born in the suburbs of Chicago, USA.He received a BA in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin and a JD from Harvard Law School.He worked in real estate law before turning to writing.To make ends meet, he worked as a curtain installer and as a "Wal-Mart" stock options trader on the Chicago Board of Trade.He was then hired by the Chicago Sun-Times as a data entry clerk, a job that gave him plenty of time to write. In 2000, "Esquire" magazine published his "My Favorite Teacher", which was his first article published in the magazine.He was also shortlisted for a National Magazine Award for this article.He then moved from the Chicago Sun-Times magazine to the Chicago magazine, and finally to the Esquire magazine, where he has been an editor ever since.His articles have appeared in famous magazines such as "Rolling Stone" magazine and "New York Times Magazine".He lives in the suburbs of Chicago. His personal website is www.robertkuson.com. (back cover) right evaluation "Robert Courson's riveting story of divers exploring a shipwreck off the coast of New Jersey is an engrossing and authentic reenactment of the mystical adventures that existed in real life. A highly readable book that brings the mystery to life in rich language. The deep Atlantic Ocean unfolds in front of the reader." — Scott.Tello, author of Reversible Errors "This is an adventure story full of suspense. The plot makes readers empathize with deep-sea diving and submarine life. At the same time, the description of courage, perseverance, sympathy for submarine crews, and the determination of American divers to take risks to solve the mysteries of history are also described in the book. left a deep impression on the readers. — Senator John.McCain's Letters from My Father Yang and author of Why Courage Matters "Robert Cousen has brought Chicago readers a great surprise. With both profound knowledge and suspenseful plot, he can already compete with John Berent, Susan. Orleans, J. Krakour, and Law La. Hillenbrand's recent work. This time, Cusin focuses on the world of historiography—a world of submarine lore, heated debate, and tension—and his writing is as good as ever. His extraordinary talent." —James.McMulrus, author of Definitely Fifth Avenue RetributionRetributionIXC Subs (From top to bottom, from left to right nouns are:) Periscope: Periscope Schnorkel: snorkel Conning tower: command tower Radio and sound rooms: telegraph and sonar rooms Galley: kitchen Forward torpedo tubes: bow torpedo tubes Aft torpedo tubes: Aft torpedo tubes Aft torpedo room: Aft torpedo room Electric motor room: electric motor room Diesel motor room: diesel engine compartment Control room: control room Captain's quarters and officers' wardrobe: captain's room and officers' quarters Petty officers' room: Sergeant's quarters Forward torpedo room and crew's quarters: bow torpedo room and soldiers' quarters