Chapter 54 III Montparnasse, the open city (1) - 5

Cocktail, the word means "cocktail", and its plural form is Cockteaux, which has the same pronunciation as Cocteau's name. —— Annotation ...Radigue, wearing a monocle, is often absent-minded, even pretentious, thinking that he is a prodigy created by God... Pierre Brassel From January 10, 1922, Cocteau began to work solemnly at Louis Moise's "Roof Cow" bar.He and his gang invested money.His gang gathered there almost all the hipsters in Paris: the Six, Diaghilev, Coco Chanel, and a few others.These alone were enough to turn the place into a center of activity for the advancing avant-garde on the right bank of the Seine.

Cocteau carried the torch, Vinet and Doucet played the piano, and Wilhelm the percussion.No one listened to them, people came to show up, drink, and enjoy Picabia's "Cacoky Eye".This painting was rejected at the Independent Art Exhibition, and was later bought by Moise.Picabia shows an eye being treated with cacokylic acid for its inflammation (here alluding to Tristan Tzara's antipyretic analgesic "antipyrine").He asked his friends to sign it, and could write a few words: Isadora loves Picabia (Duncan) with all my heart, I think he is very cool (Tristan Chara), I have nothing to say to you (George Orrick), I from 1892 My name is Dada (Dalus Millau), I like Sarah (Francis Poulenc), the sad honor (Jean Cocteau, and also posted a picture of himself)...

After his first forays into Montparnasse, Cocteau forged his own path there.Thus, he becomes an indispensable figure in all activities. The young author of the poem "The Sopholk Dance" (in 1917, when he was only 25 years old) had a sense of strategy that ordinary people rarely have.After seeing through these people in the world with his strategic vision, he seems to be avoiding and leaving them.When he returned to meet them, he brought rich gifts.His gift made these people have a kind of blind worship for him, and it reached the level of prostration.Since then, he has completely conquered these people.

[Excerpt from "Montparnasse" by André Salmon] Salmon's words may have been exaggerated, but he was quite right.A decade or so after Cocteau had been on the Paris art scene, he had established himself there, and he was well established.Since then, his lace-embellished costumes have often been seen at social events.Not only was he accepted into society, but people were courting him, trying to get him.People also understand this phenomenon very well, because he is so good, and he also needs people's love very much!indeed so. In addition, in the eyes of the younger generation, Cocteau has a brilliant halo on his head, and he has become an idol chased by young people.When it was suggested to the young Pierre Brassell to get acquainted with Cocteau, he did not hesitate.He later wrote: "Knowing Cocteau was the wish of all boys in 1923." [Excerpt from Pierre Brassel's "My Disorganized Life"]

So the future theater actor, Pierre Brasser, came to the Rue d'Anjou and met "the tall, thin man whom we all admired so much."The young man was fascinated, especially by the poet's hands: "Not only did he use them to paint with his brush, he used them to write with his quill, he even waved them to say hello, using gestures to intensify the tone of his speech. His two hands could be used for four. In a word, they are the most beautiful and dexterous hands I have ever seen!" The owner (Jean Cocteau) takes the guest on a tour of his entire house, leading him all the way to the bathroom.There, he kept chatting with guests while shaving.

When he speaks, he often uses the words upside down, with inconsistent meanings, and the sentences he forms are like anagrams... It reads like a broken bean, making a continuous crackling sound.Just add a word and you can make a good joke; omit a word and you can turn his beautiful thoughts into a beautiful scene for people... In this guy's mind, similar word formation skills Countless, endless, inexhaustible, inexhaustible. The second time Cocteau led Blaser into his bedroom, his guests saw phone numbers written all over the walls. Another visitor was Georges Charenthal, then a reporter for Le Parisien.Visiting Jean Cocteau at his residence, what impressed him most was the luxury of the foyer.Facing the gate hangs a portrait created by Jacques-Emile Blanche for the owner of the house, but his bedroom is surprisingly simple.Because Brassel was too young at the time to make such a nuanced comparison.And because as soon as he entered the door, he saw a giant emerging from under the bed.The man had a wrinkled face and a sticky mouth that might have been opium.The two of them have probably spent hours on this...

Cocteau pointed to the dazed man and said: "Look, here is the child I gave birth to in the night: Joseph Kessel." [Excerpt from "My Disorganized Life" by Pierre Brassel] Joseph Kessel. All this will naturally leave a very deep impression on a young man. The day the Cow on the Roof opened, Picasso was chatting with Marie Laurence, and Brancusi was chatting with a young man he had known in Cocteau's company.This young man's appearance is not very handsome, with fair skin, small short-sighted eyes, and disheveled hair.He kept rolling his cigarette, and the shreds of tobacco were scattered everywhere.He took a broken pair of spectacles from his pocket and stuck them to one eye like a monocle.

During the First World War, André Salmon introduced the young man into the Cocteau gang.Cocteau was writing The Hardliners at the time. In 1917, he contacted an old painter friend of his to recommend some sketches that could serve as illustrations for the front page of the book (Salmon had already helped Fujita in this way).His old friend took his advice and offered him two paintings a week.Because he lived far away from Salmon, he handed over the task of delivering the paintings to his son. His son was a kid at the time, 14, and often wore shorts. This is a very cute little boy: he wears a peaked cap, with a thick bang on his forehead, behind the shadow of the bang is a pair of eyes still full of childish gaze.But there is adult wisdom in his eyes, and it can be seen that his character will be severe and cruel when he grows up.

[Excerpt from "Infinite Remembrance" by André Salmon] his name? Raymond Radiguet. Raymond Radiguet sends his father's paintings to André Salmon's house twice a week.One day, after several visits, he opened his mouth and spoke to André Salmon: "Did you know? I also paint!" Salmon didn't answer. "How about I show you my drawing?" The boy opened the portfolio containing his father's paintings and took out his own drawings.Reporter and editor Salmon was dumbfounded. "How about it?" Andre Salmon was at a loss for words for a moment, unable to speak a word.

"These drawings may be of use to you too, and perhaps you may publish them one day..." Because the drawing was not bad, Salmon accepted it.Even if the painting is not good, he will ask for it, because the kid needs money.But there is one condition, the child must change his signature and cannot sign his father's name. "There's nothing wrong with that," said Raymond Radigue eagerly. The editor watched in amazement as he grabbed a pen and quickly made a note under the name "Rajki". A week passed.When Raymond Radiguet came again, after showing his father's painting, he also took out his own.And then said: "I didn't tell you last time, I still write poems." He took out his poems casually.

"You should go to Max Jacobs for that," André Salmon suggested. The next day, Raymond Radiguet called Max Jacobs.Then he came to ask Salmon if he could help him, he hoped to be a reporter.So, Salmon introduced him to see Leonce Rosenberg and let him participate in a poetry reading organized in memory of Guillaume Apollinaire.He recited a poem, which moved Cocteau who attended the recitation.He immediately took a liking to the young man.Max Jacobs was very pleased with this. The night the Roof Cow opened, Brancusi felt that there was nothing to do in the bar, so he invited Raymond Radigues for a walk.They strolled in the direction of Montparnasse.When dawn came, the sculptor had a whim and suggested that they take the train. "Fine. But where shall we go?" "Go south." The two of them went to the train station and boarded the first train that came before them.However it was bound for Brittany in the west.From there they changed trains and reached Marseilles the next evening.Until then, they were still wearing the same dresses they wore to the bar opening: tuxedos. They felt that the atmosphere of Marseille was dull and desolate, and then they went to Nice; they thought that Nice was desolate and lifeless, so they went to Ajaccio (the hometown of Napoleon in Corsica).They thought there were no women in Ajaccio, so they began to visit the island.They thought the island was too small, and returned to Paris after eleven days.Jean Hugo wrote in his "Memories": "After returning from the South, Brancusi sent La Digue straight to the 'Roof Cow' bar. After leaving, he never came back." Like Pierre Brasser, Paul Morand (1888-1976), French writer and diplomat.When he first met Raymond Radigues at a masquerade ball organized by Paul Poiré's family, he declared that he was a man of few words, arrogant and pretentious.Cocteau, who was obsessed with him and fell in love with him, wrote later articles, not so much criticizing the other party as he was making self-criticism: If he had had a plan, if he could have implemented a long-term plan, he might have put his work on stage.And being able to make them successful step by step made him famous in the literary and artistic circles. [Excerpt from Jean Cocteau's "Life is Difficult"] But didn't he do that?Did Cocteau not help him? When Raymond Radigues began to write about his relationship with an older woman (Marthe) during the Great War, the poet Cocteau intervened.To what extent it was involved, no one knows.Maybe it was just as he said, just to overcome his laziness, he locked Raymond in the bedroom and didn't allow him to go out.But it is a well-known fact that Cocteau went to Grasse Press to read a proof of that work. Bernard Grasse of the publishing house immediately understood the role played by Cocteau: a young writer, and even the introducer and protector of the entire Parisian literary, artistic and social circles. Cocteau's long-term strategy paid off when Raymond Radiguet's The Devil Haunted was published in March 1923.At that time, newspapers and magazines were scrambling for advertisements, and friends also advertised the work in newspapers (especially Cocteau's advertisement in the French New Magazine).The result was 50,000 copies sold in two weeks. The "little boy" (as Cocteau called Raymond Radise) should rejoice. Raymond Radice was very happy indeed.He drank wildly for his victory, and soon learned to smoke opium, and began to do whatever he wanted.He completely ignores Marthe, the protagonist in "The Devil Haunts".Marthe was in great pain for his behavior, and often went to the editorial department of the publishing house crying to find him; Beatrice Hastings, who had loved Modigliani madly, met Raymond Hussein at Brancusi's home. After La Digue, she also fell madly in love with this little boy.At this time, she was also saddened by Raymond's defeat; Jean Cocteau was no more relaxed than the two of them.He was devastated by Raymond's decadence, and even developed to refuse to accept Bronya Pellemitai brought back by Raymond Radigue.This is a young model of Polish origin.Artists in Montparnasse hope to ask her to be their model.Both Nils Dardale and Kisling painted her portraits.One day, she wore a dress made by the costume master Poiret to the "Roof Cow" bar, and Raymond Radigue took her back to the hotel where he lived. The two young men said that they wanted to get married, and they hid all day in the Hotel Fuyout in Rue Ternon.They do everything possible to avoid one person - Cocteau.Soon, some gossipers gave Cocteau the nickname "roof widower". Here "roof widower" is used instead of "roof cow", because the French word for "cow" is Boeuf and "widower" is Veuf , the vowels in the two words are pronounced the same.It means that Cocteau, who is in charge of the "Roof Cow" bar, has lost his beloved Raymond Radiguet and has become a widower. ——Annotation.In their articles, many columnists changed the word Cocteau into singular and became Cocktail, so Cocteau was called "Cocktail" by them. At that time, artists in Montparnasse organized parties, dances, performances and other activities everywhere.Just drank here, and then went to drink elsewhere; a large number of Americans are also clinking glasses to live in this free and beautiful city; Paris, whether it is the left bank or the right bank of the Seine, has never been so , became a pot, a boiling cauldron.All this surprised tourists from all over the world.At that time, Radiguet, who was immersed in the illusory halo brought to him by success, was also ruining his young life at all costs along with artists, big and small, no matter true or false: Among the singing and dancing and drinking in Montparnasse, the cocaine issued by the old bustards in bars and restaurants is injected every day, and they are often drunk. Only a few months after The Devil Haunted was published, Raymond Radigue's aura began to fade and disappear. On December 12, 1923, he contracted typhoid and fell ill.It was too late when they took him from the Hotel Fuyette to a clinic in the sixteenth arrondissement of Paris.The chief physician sent by the frightened Cocteau also failed to diagnose the disease, and Raymond Radigue ended his young and short life in an extremely painful struggle. The entire funeral was conducted by Coco Shanel.Coffins, flowers, horses and harness, everything is white.Cocteau, devastated, was unable to attend the funeral.A few years later, he wrote the following beautiful words: Radigues was too free, too indulgent, without restraint.He was the one who taught me not to depend on anyone or anything but myself... and it was from him that I got a little insight.Therefore, he left me without giving me any guidance, which made me lose the direction to move forward, and my creation also lost the motivation. [Excerpt from Jean Cocteau's "Life is Difficult"] Raymond Radiguet was only 20 years old when he died. You, young men who fought in the war, you are a ruined generation. gertrude stein In the United States, there are prohibition laws.Whereas in Europe, people can drink as much as they want without anyone interfering.There are other advantages to being in Europe: the cost of living is not expensive, and you can meet a lot of friends who want to help others all day long. For example, Sylvia Beach, whose bookstore became a reception station.Not only can people stop there, but mail can be sent directly to her, and she takes care of it and distributes it.She organizes meetings of people, but also exchanges of ideas and things between people. Her bookstore is located in a prosperous area in the city center.If anyone comes out of her for a few drinks, just walk across the Luxembourg Gardens, turn right at the intersection at 10th Street, and there's a tavern and restaurant that the Americans just bought - "House of the Vagabonds" ".Dining here during the day is more expensive.As soon as it got dark, people who drank came in droves.Flossie Martin, a dancer on a transatlantic cruise ship who dances the big one, promises to pay her friends for everything they need at the Home for the Tramps.So people were drinking and chatting in American Yankee accents. The "House for the Homeless" became a center of activity for Americans in Paris.There were hundreds of American writers in Paris, many of whom used to meet here after dinner: Sherwood Anderson, Thornton Wilder, Eugene Joras, Sinclair Lewis, Archibald DeMarc Leith, John Dos Passo, William Seaborg, Dejuna Barnes, Mina Loy, Robert Marc Almon (who later wrote My "American Friend"), and George Gershwin, who wrote "An American in Paris" in a Parisian hotel room; Ezra Pound, one of the first Americans to come to Paris, was the magazine correspondent in Paris, who left France for Italy in 1924; Nathalie Clifford Barney and his companion, the Romanian Goddard Brooke, often generously Hospitality for friends from far and wide; Henry Miller came to France in 1928.During his two years of stay, he came to the "House for the Homeless" every day, using a foolproof method to beg for food, and guaranteed to be full: as soon as he came in, he found a seat, wrote 12 characters by hand, and sent them to each other. To the hands of 12 people present, ask everyone to treat him to dinner once a week.As for Millet, he wrote an advertisement for the largest brothel on the left bank of the Seine, the "Phoenix House" (opened in 1931), and distributed it to the men present.The men who went to the brothel paid him extra. Sculptor Sandy Calder, known for his wire sculptures, also visits Homeless Homes.Scott Fitzgerald Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940), American novelist. , Zelda, and Scotty Jr. all come too.Since Fitzgerald's Paradise on Earth was published in 1920, major newspapers have been chasing the author for the first news, and his The Great Gatsby will soon be published.Thus, he has enough money for him to spend without thinking... Fitzgerald met Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), an American writer, in the "Home for the Homeless". In 1954 won the Nobel Prize for Literature. .Hemingway first came to Paris in 1921.A year later, after returning to the United States, he brought his wife, Hadley, and their children to Paris again.Hemingway knew all the Anglo-Saxons in Paris, especially with Joyce, who often drank together (the Irish writer sang dramatic ditties loudly when he was drunk), and Hemingway gave him lessons and taught him boxing. Hemingway's family first lived in the fifth arrondissement of Paris, and later moved to the Rue Notre Dame in the city center.When his family first came to Paris, Hemingway relied on writing sports articles for the "Toronto Star" to earn money to support his family (NFDA4).Later, after he followed Gertrude Stein's advice and left the newspaper industry, he tried to make a living by providing news to major newspapers in the United States as a non-journalist, but was rejected by one newspaper after another. Hemingway often wrote in the Lilac Garden because it was quieter than the Dome's.Sometimes he takes his son to the Lilac Garden.While he was writing, his son was babbling.When it was time to eat, the only trick he could do was to change places and go to places where there was nothing to tempt his appetite. Otherwise, what money would he use to pay for the meal? Hemingway found a suitable route for a poor eater like him: first go to the Luxembourg Gardens, where the trees and flowers exude an attractive aroma, which can make people forget the mouth-watering meals.Go out on the other side of the Luxembourg Gardens and take a walk between Place de la Observatory and Rue Vaugirard.There, there is no risk for the hungry, as there aren't any restaurants. For a change of scenery, away from the park and out on the avenue, Hemingway recommends that you follow the Rue Ferroud towards the Seine, without any tempting dining tables along the way.There are naturally many bakeries, pastry shops and other shops that serve food along the Seine.It's best to turn right on Odeon Street, avoid the Odeon Plaza with its three restaurants, and keep going until number 12 on this street.Sylvia Beach at the bookstore will always receive you very friendly and even lend you books.It was here that Hemingway read Tourgueniev (1818-1883), a Russian writer. , Gogol and Chekhov Tchekhov (1860-1904), Russian writers.a large number of classic works. In the evening, Hemingway often went to the "Home for the Homeless".There he met Scott Fitzgerald for the first time.Scott Fitzgerald drank so many glasses of champagne that day that he was finally carried into a taxi. A few days later, the two of them met again in Lilac Garden.Fitzgerald introduced to Hemingway his experience of how to publish short stories in American newspapers: he first sent one to the Post, and after it was published, he cut and edited the same story and sent it to another newspaper.Hemingway jumped up and scolded the compatriot across from him as a "scumbag".Fitzgerald also exclaimed: "But many of my good books have been written in this way!" After the argument, Fitzgerald asked Hemingway to do him a favor: accompany him to Lyon to retrieve the Renault that he and Zelda had to leave there due to bad weather. Hemingway agreed.What followed was a very ridiculous journey: Scott Fitzgerald missed the train at departure, and the train took away Ernest Hemingway alone; the next day, after the two of them reunited, , Scott got drunk again.Next is preparing for the car trip.Before going to the garage to pick up the car, they bought a lot of food for the road.When we arrived at the repair station, the Renault had been repaired and was waiting for the owner to start.It was a sedan, but without the roof.Hemingway found it very strange, Scott explained: the roof was bumped and bumped in Marseilles, and Zelda had the repairman saw it off.That's the real reason they left the car in Lyon. The two of them took their seats in the car, Scott at the wheel and Hemingway beside him.Not long after they were on the road, the pouring rain forced them to stop again, stop and go, stop and go.Scott was delighted to refill his wine at almost every stop, having never drank directly from the bottle before.But suddenly, between sips of wine, he coughed.Could this be a sign of lung congestion? "Absolutely not," Hemingway replied. "Certainly," said Fitzgerald with complete assurance. If this is the case, the problem is serious.As far as he knew, two people had died of lung congestion.He insisted that this was a symptom of lung congestion, and he couldn't allow the same fate to happen to him. They stopped at a hotel along the way: he was sick and had to stay in bed. In the bedroom, Scott changed into his pajamas and lay down on the bed.Before closing his eyes, he asked Hemingway to promise to take care of his daughter and wife.Hemingway readily agreed to his request, because his pulse was normal and his complexion was good.But you need to take his temperature.So he called the waiter. Fitzgerald said solemnly: "If there is any improvement, we must take the train, and I must immediately go to the American Hospital in Paris to be admitted." Here comes the thermometer.Scott tucked it under his arm.It was taken out five minutes later, and the result was very normal: 37.6°C. "Is it high?" the patient asked. "there is nothing." "Then how much is yours?" Out of friendship, Hemingway also took his own temperature. "How much?" Scott asked worriedly. "37.6°C." "But you're not sick, are you?" "Absolutely not." Fitzgerald jumped out of bed, took off his pajamas, and put on his clothes: "Every time I get sick, I recover very quickly." There was also an American in Paris whom Hemingway did not know.This was Gertrude Stein of Frelis Street.Hemingway was 27 when he first visited her home.In her eyes he was very handsome and very respectful.The lady was very happy with his arrival, because not only could he replace Ezra Pound, who was kicked out by her for destroying a chair, but he was even better than Pound: he sat in front of her obediently, quietly Listen to her and also ask for her opinion.Didn't he also invite her to his residence to see his manuscripts? He showed her his manuscripts, which he thought were not bad, but there was a passage in the novel which was very bad.For the purpose of instructing him, she made him read her latest book, The Qualities of Americans.Hemingway was dumbfounded in surprise: This is what can be called a work.Gertrude Stein wrote in her "The Autobiography of Alice Douglas": "Hemingway told her that the only thing he and his generation could do was to spend their lives trying to make this book Publish it and let it reach readers." Indeed, he later put in a lot of effort for it: he re-transcribed the manuscript, proofread the proofs, and helped a lot in its publication.This big man is very kind and loyal.When Gertrude Stein advised him to quit journalism and devote himself entirely to writing, Hemingway put his hands in his trouser seams, stood at attention and swore, and he did.He resolutely returned to work in the United States with the intention of not working as a journalist when he returned to France. What a good student.When Gertrude Stein and Sherwood Anderson talked about Hemingway together, they said in unison: "What a student!" Why point out his advantages like this, and not others?Gertrude wrote: Because he had two good teachers - Sherwood Anderson and herself, Gertrude Stein.Yes, she did think that the two of them raised this little guy together.At the same time, she doesn't deny that he has talent: he is good at swallowing jujubes, and can remember things he doesn't understand.She compared him with DeLong, and Hemingway exudes a modern atmosphere with an ancient charm. Hemingway's view is clearly different.The first point is that he often came to Gertrude Stein's house alone, because the mistress didn't like the ladies coming to see her, and they were under the care of Alice Douglas. Hemingway also liked this kind of visit. He could not only drink to his heart's content, but also slowly and carefully appreciate the exquisite and beautiful oil paintings hanging on the walls.The conversation between him and the hostess is also good, at least not annoying.She was more at ease in the absence of outsiders, and talked more about gossip about the lives of the Creators than about the creations and works of the two of them.The sex-ed lessons she spends time giving to her clients are ludicrous: She does her best to convince them that homosexuality between men is dirty and depraved, while homosexuality between women is beautiful and noble. In fact, Gertrude Stein attracted Hemingway only by her works, nothing more.He felt that her "American Qualities" had some strengths, but it also had shortcomings: it was too long, repetitive, and disorganized.He tried his best to arrange the publication of the work and proofread the sample out of friendship, that's all, nothing else. Their greatest concern, however, still revolves around Gertrude Stein herself: her life, her writings.Miss Stein wanted her book to be published in The Atlantic or the Saturday Morning Post, and she didn't think Hemingway could ever hope to get published in those papers because he wasn't qualified, he wasn't a good writer.No other American writer or writer in English is much better than Hemingway. In the eyes of Gertrude Stein, all the writers who participated in the First World War were only satisfied with drinking in pubs all day long, and they were "the ruined generation".It has since become a famous quote, given its absurdity. As a result of Gertrude Stein's endless insults to these young writers, and all of them, it eventually developed into a falling out with many friends who used to frequent her house, with the exception of Juan Gris, who was no longer alive .Others, including her brother Leon Stein in his memoirs published in 1934, also allyed against her.Braque, Picasso, Chara, Matisse, and Salmon all published articles later criticizing the woman's nonsense, greedy for her own, and wearing many laurels for herself, and said that she was not based on the works themselves. quality, but comment on their paintings based on personal preferences. Hemingway, who was more magnanimous than the others, also got annoyed with her.Later, he only agreed to see her, but he couldn't get close to her no matter what.Their friendship was revived much later - in the 60s, shortly before his death.Before committing suicide, he wrote "Joy in Paris" in memory of the free and romantic life he spent in Paris, France, in his youth. With his hat pulled back, he looked far less like an attractive and charming painter than a theatrical character in a Broadway theater in New York at the end of the last century.After he hanged himself, I prefer to recall him more often than that night at the Dome. Ernest Hemingway Strolling on the Avenue Montparnasse, when going to Gertrude Stein's house, or going to Sylvia Beach's bookstore, Hemingway always passed by the door of the Dome.Each time he saw a man sitting at a table painting.He was accompanied by two girls.One has brown hair and the other is young but beautiful.The man was well-dressed: blue suit, tie, light-coloured shirt, well-pressed, shoes well-polished.A long snow-white silk scarf is hung around the neck, and a melon skin hat is buckled on the forehead.His face was a little gray, and his black eyes were piercingly deep, but in the blink of an eye, there was infinite sadness.A cigarette dangled from the corner of his mouth. He gestured for Hemingway to come to him. "Come have a drink with us!" Hemingway ordered a beer.The painter said he was rich enough to drink whiskey.Then, he introduced to the writer that the two girls were his models, recommended one to the writer, and promised to give up his studio for them to use for recreation.So everyone laughed together. When the tavern waiter brought them the bill, the man took the paper, crumpled it, and began drawing on it.Then he took a match, lit the paper, put out the fire, moved the lit paper back and forth across the parchment, diluting the lines of coffee grounds on the original paper, three or two times. Outlined a vivid portrait of the girl sitting opposite him.While painting, he kept talking to the people around him.His voice is soft and sweet, with a slight Central European accent.As he diluted his watercolors with soda water, he posed countless questions to his invited guests.Chatting and chatting, another painting was completed, the painter Jules Pascin (1885-1930), an American painter and sculptor whose ancestral home was Bulgaria.Throw it on his chair, ask for another piece of paper, and draw... After Hemingway left them, Parsons proposed to the girls another toast for him, and they went to the Alfredo restaurant.The food was low-end but expensive, giving Parsons the feeling that he was inviting his guests to dinner at an upscale restaurant in Paris. At 12 midnight, a total of 15 people ate with them, including other models, painters and a group of idlers who wandered around at night.After Parsons paid the bills for everyone, they spent the rest of the night in a brothel in Montmartre or Montparnasse.Some of them went upstairs, and some stayed on the first floor.Parsons went on to paint the girls there.Sometimes many people gathered around to praise him and praise him, and everyone laughed together; sometimes he was hiding in a corner with a pencil, brush and wine glass, and kept drawing.He drank a lot, drank too much.His friends used to play tricks and feed him other drinks as wine, but he never learned the tricks they used. Wherever it is lively, there must be Parsons.He can often lead his group of people to take a friend's car to the countryside or to the Marne River.He always takes more women than men.When they go into the water to swim and take a shower, they often eat cold meals and drink together half-naked.Heading back to town late at night and going to a pub to say goodbye to the day. At least once a week Parson sent out a deluge of invitations or barometric teleportation cards, inviting his friends to come to his house, 36 Cressy Street, and to bring whoever they wanted. The first guests to arrive always saw the owner shaving in his pajamas.He roams the corridors with suds all over his face, while his favorite models run back and forth, arranging ham, chicken, leg of lamb, wine and drinks . 艾伊莎是帕森在大街上发现的一个黑白混血儿。她出生在法国的下加莱省，对帕森最忠实最依恋，但也时而为基斯林、凡·东根、藤田及其他许多画家当模特。她也为在画室内腾出更多的空地给大家活动而帮着摆放椅子和坐垫，整理家具。人们将在一起唱、跳、喝、笑，也许还有一支管弦乐队来演奏……总之，活动将是简单而隆重。这将不会是凡·东根式的社交聚会。活动结束时，帕森也许突发奇想，提议大家去马赛附近的圣特罗佩海湾玩一趟。他已经这样干过一次。那天拂晓，五十来个吃喝玩乐之徒临时决定乘上火车到了海边，在狂欢畅饮了几天几夜之后，一个个醉醺醺地返回了巴黎。 另外一次，帕森在马赛宴请他所有的朋友。因为座无虚席，他一个人到隔壁的餐馆吃饭去了。这是弗朗西斯·卡尔科讲述的有关帕森的一个故事。这未免有点儿过于离奇，也许是卡尔科编造出来的。但这也无关紧要，不管怎么说，它完全符合帕森的天性：他喜欢热闹，喜欢到了发狂的程度。他绝对无法忍受独处的时光，这对他是一种残酷的折磨。 他最大的嗜好是请大家一起喝酒……如果你没钱，又想喝酒，那就去找帕森。他整天无忧无虑、喜气洋洋，他十分风趣，能够讲许多幽默的故事，也采取各种办法激励周围的人们讲故事，并且认真地听他们讲，大家边讲边听边喝。喝醉了，大家，包括酒馆里的所有人，开始狂饮乱舞，纵酒狂欢。喝得愈多，他们愈高兴、愈狂热……然而，人们发现他偶尔也痛苦，似乎有一种无依无靠、无家可归的感觉，甚至在蒙马特尔，周围到处是朋友的时候，他也会这样。 ［摘自弗朗西斯·卡尔科的《20岁在蒙马特尔》］ 凌晨，帕森替所有人结账之后，单独回到家中。醉醺醺的他此时的心情十分沉重。 上午，他养活的其他女孩子来了。他常常把她们打扮得怪里怪气，供给她们吃喝，以她们为模特儿创作绘画作品，有时也同她们上床……她们给他买颜料，为他整理房间。这些女孩中间有跳舞的，他就给他们上舞蹈课，其他人学习当厨师或女仆。从理论上讲她们都有各自的分工，但这些分工丝毫不影响她们穿上十分性感的轻薄透亮的服装和花边衣裙，为帕森做绘画模特儿。他既是她们的雇主，也是她们当中有些人的情人，但他是她们所有人的朋友。 这些女孩子都十分年轻。帕森从未想过让她们回家，更何况她们中的多数根本无家可归，其余的人所谓的家也只不过是一间陋室，或者是在街头巷尾临时搭的小草棚子。于是她们就都住在他的家里。她们裹着被子睡在沙发上，甚至睡在地板上。帕森很喜欢平民家孩子的俭朴作风。 正如帕森的同胞画家乔治·帕帕洛夫所说：“帕森是一位东方画家，同时也是一位被驱逐、遭虐待而背井离乡的犹太游侠。”他为人豪爽、慷慨大方。他供养着一大帮人，他离不开她们，她们整天围绕在他的身边，无论他参加舞会还是酒会，总有这一大帮人浩浩荡荡地尾随其后。“人们经常可以见到在帕森做东的餐桌周围坐着各种肤色的人”，他的一位朋友，同时也是每餐必到的宾客皮埃尔·马克·奥尔朗指出。［摘自1995年出版的皮埃尔·马克·奥尔朗的《帕森之墓》］ 帕森与莫迪利阿尼一样不吝啬，无论是他的绘画作品还是钱，谁想要他随手拿起就送给谁，谁需要什么动手就可以拿走。他常把自己使用的物品送给他十分欣赏的朋友，把餐馆里结账的零钱送给在同一餐馆就餐者中最穷的人。当朋友去他家买画时，帕森让他任意选，答应以后邮寄账单给他再结算，显然这只是一种托词而已，他根本不向他们邮寄结账单：这是向他人送礼的一种方式。 在他的画室有一个抽屉，里面经常放满钱。当有朋友手头拮据时，他对朋友讲：“开开抽屉，需要多少就尽管拿好了！” 他的绘画作品有时被盗，因为抽屉里所有的钱加起来也没有他的一幅画值钱。由于他的作品销售得非常好，于是市场经常出现临摹复制品。帕森也睁一只眼闭一只眼，任其泛滥。他赚的钱对他来说绰绰有余，假如他是一个讲究外表富有的人，他完全可以像毕加索和德朗那样生活。他的所有作品都比德朗的售价高，只有两幅画比毕加索的售价低。但是他从不攒钱，挣来的钱全部花出去，而且花在别人身上的部分比花在自己身上的多得多。除了他的朋友、他的模特儿（他付给她们的钱比市场价格高出许多）和蒙马特尔及蒙巴那斯的穷画家之外，他还养活着两个妻子（他已经结婚，可他爱着另外一个女人）以及所有做过他画笔下模特儿的女子，她们中的大部分都是成年女子。他酗酒成性、爱好热闹、说话夸张、性欲旺盛，同时他又是一个背井离乡、没有国籍、四海为家、四处流浪的人。因此，在他豪爽、开朗、无忧无虑的表面现象背后，掩盖着的却是一个腼腆、焦虑和遭受着爱的痛苦折磨的人。 帕森出生在保加利亚的莱茵河畔。他的父亲是富有的商人，有着土耳其和西班牙血统，母亲是塞尔维亚—意大利血统。在世纪之初，为了发展生意，他们跨越边界进入罗马尼亚。帕森爱上了一个芬芳扑鼻的女子，从那以后，他如同吸了毒一样惹上了性毒瘾，由此引出的丑闻像幽灵一样跟随着他一生，始终未能摆脱。起初，只有15岁的他，爱上了一位30多岁的女人。全市对他们的歧视给全家在思想与精神上构成了难以承受的压力。那位女子当时领导着一个效益非常不错的企业，他家从这一方面得到了满足，相对地减轻了一些精神负担。然而，她的企业不是工商企业，而是布加勒斯特最大的妓院。这一点对帕森有着巨大的吸引力，但对他家庭的荣誉和家长的权威构成了巨大的挑战。 于是，他的父亲将帕森驱逐出罗马尼亚，送他到了德国。帕森爱他的情人和那个妓院的妓女。同她们在一起的时候，他不停地在白纸上画下她们窈窕的身材和秀美的脸蛋。在那里度过的时光，使他无意识地学到了一些粗浅的绘画知识。经过在慕尼黑、维也纳和柏林潜心学习绘画之后，他受聘于一家讽刺报纸《Simplicissimus》。该报纸经常刊登斯坦伦Steinlin（1859—1923），祖籍瑞士的法国油画家、幽默画家和广告画家。签字的绘画作品。帕森的这一决定让他的父亲更加气急败坏：他对儿子背叛了其家族历来信奉的犹太教的行为早已忍无可忍；父亲的生意兴隆，本来能够保障他有一个稳定、富有、无忧无虑的前景，他却无力继承；继而又一头栽进了可耻到令人难以启齿地步的妓院中学会了男人的行当和画画，他的父亲对此一直耿耿于怀；现在，他又决定为一份对世上所有人和一切传统价值观念一概不放在眼里的垃圾报纸工作。真是大逆不道，令他忍无可忍！ 为了不让他进一步败坏家族的名誉，父亲命令儿子立即更改姓名，断绝同家庭的一切关系。于是，他由原来的朱利尤斯·莫尔德盖·潘卡改名为朱勒·帕森。同帕森的情形完全一样，法国人劳特累克（Lautrec）同样是接到了父亲下的一道类似的命令，将原来名字中的字母颠倒一下位置，改名为特累克劳。他们二人改名的时间，前后相差只有几个星期。不同的是，特累克劳很快放弃了他的新名字，而帕森却将它保留终生。 朱勒·帕森于1905年12月24日到达巴黎，年仅20岁。帕森带着自己选择的名字，抛弃了有可靠保障的前途，同家人断绝了一切来往，靠着报社给他的固定薪水过着舒适的生活。他终于成了一个真正的自由人。他到达巴黎时，有许多人到火车站接他。对于一个从东方来的移民来说，这是少见的现象。来接他的人中大部分是德国人，他们不辞辛劳地跨过塞纳河，到右岸来迎接他，因为他们从报纸上已经久闻其大名。他们直接将他安置在蒙巴那斯区德朗布大街学院旅馆的一个房间……他们之间花天酒地的日子从此便开始了！ 活动首先在12月25日晚上，从塞巴斯托博尔大街开始。有一个意外的惊喜，上天赐予了他们一份上等圣诞礼物：一位姑娘。 接着，这帮人一起奔赴卢浮宫。帕森和其他许多人大量临摹了祖师们的作品，用他们使用颜料创作的图像作品庆祝圣诞。 这样的活动天天都有，每次都是在蒙巴那斯帕森居住的旅馆收场。不久以后，帕森就有了画室。从此以后，他的朋友们常来他的画室。来客中总少不了写帕森的作家：保尔·莫朗、皮埃尔·马克·奥尔朗、安德烈·瓦尔诺、欧内斯特·海明威、安德烈·萨尔蒙和伊利亚·爱伦堡…… 每天早上，帕森约大家到多姆酒馆去会面，所以活动总是从那里开始。 和莫迪利阿尼一样，帕森同各种派别都有来往，但只在他们的外围活动，从不在组织上正式参加任何派别。在“洗衣船”派活动高潮时期，他常在跑马场同毕加索见面。帕森到巴黎的那天，他在德国结识的画家维热尔斯带领其他人到火车站接他。后来维热尔斯去世时，他的葬礼正是在帕森的主持下进行的。“洗衣船”派艺术家们都参加了他的葬礼。毕加索和他的朋友们有的穿蓝色或者黄褐色的工作服，惟有帕森全身黑色葬礼服，当时他的头上已经歪戴着那顶传奇式的帽子。 同莫迪利阿尼一样，帕森迷恋女人、喜欢热闹和爱酗酒，但另一方面他热情好客慷慨无度。还是和意大利人莫迪利阿尼一样，他的周围总有许多的朋友和崇拜者，他也受到人们同样的热爱。他们两个属于同一代人，都是背井离乡、流落他国；两位心头都承受着剧烈的伤痛折磨，一个是由卢浮宫雕像的丢失导致一生的悲哀，另一个是因一个女人的逝世造成的一蹶不振。他们各自反映出处在不同时代的人们却有着同样悲剧的社会现实：前者处在战前缺衣少食的贫困之中，后者处在战后丰衣足食的富有时代，但是他们却遭遇到同样悲剧性的命运，而且二人都被内心的痛苦折磨致死，间隔仅仅十年的时光。 帕森其实是一位出色的画家。他从1908年起一直参加秋季艺术博览会，也参加柏林、布达佩斯以及其他地方的绘画展。1924年，他还为皮埃尔·勒布的画廊开幕剪彩。 1907年他还住在学院旅馆时，他和多姆酒馆的酒友亨利·班格合用一间画室。一天晚上，班格说第二天有人来拜访。来访者是一位年轻姑娘，她从事雕塑和在象牙微型雕塑上绘画。帕森决定身穿睡衣、耳鬓戴一朵鲜花接待她。 来者大高个儿，褐色头发，目光游离。帕森只用了一个小时就征服了她。他给她灌了大量白酒，很快就把她放倒在长沙发上，并且发现她的衬裙下摆是被缝死的。这是母亲为保护女儿的贞操而采用的惯用手法。这位名叫埃尔米娜·戴维的姑娘当年21岁。 这一天，埃尔米娜·戴维进入了朱勒·帕森的生活，并且成为他第一任妻子，也是惟一的合法妻子。但他们十年之后才举行结婚典礼。在帕森正式搬进克里西大街的住宅之前的许多年内，他们一直住旅馆，有时在一起，有时分居。 朱勒·帕森的第二个妻子名叫塞西尔·维迪伊。她比埃尔米娜·戴维重要得多，蒙巴那斯的人们习惯性地叫她吕西。她14岁在肉店当学徒，15岁学裁缝，后来到马蒂斯绘画学校当模特儿。她正是在那里认识了她一生中的两个男人：朱勒·帕森和佩尔·克罗格。 帕森听到传闻说这个女人是巴黎最美的女人之一，就去马蒂斯绘画学校。他的惟一目的就是认识这个女人。她长着褐色头发，皮肤白净，体态丰盈出众。帕森邀请她为他做模特儿。她痛快地接受了。他提出了得寸进尺的要求，她没有拒绝，于是他们进了安维尔广场的一家旅馆，事完之后，两位一夜情人在十年内从未谋面。佩尔·克罗格是克里斯蒂安·克罗格的儿子，爱德华·蒙克Edvard Munch，挪威画家、雕塑家。的教子。他同样是在马蒂斯绘画学校认识了吕西。她做他的模特儿，接着他带她去了舞厅。他们坠入了情网。后来，他们二人都成了探戈舞专家。他们去了挪威生儿育女，后来回到巴黎，于1915年结婚。 当时帕森远离法国。1914年，第一次世界大战爆发前两个月，帕森离开他在法国巴黎约瑟夫-巴拉街3号的画室，去了布鲁塞尔，接着去了伦敦。从伦敦又去了美国。在美国，他也是小有名气。 第一次世界大战期间，他在纽约、南美洲国家和古巴度过，并且不断地给战斗在前沿阵地的画家朋友们汇款。1920年，他获得了美国国籍，1921年重返法国。 刚到巴黎，他立即到约瑟夫街3号寻找他临走时存放在地窖里的箱子。在约瑟夫街3号院子里，他意外地遇到他走后住进他房间的女主人：吕西·维迪伊。她已经成了佩尔·克罗格的妻子——吕西·克罗格，有一个三岁的男孩子。但这也未能阻止他们紧紧地拥抱在一起，并且从此之后一起苦苦地厮守了十年，直至帕森去世。