Chapter 14 Chapter nine

morning class Uppsala's Benno and Arundel's Belenga reveal some truths, and Adso learns the true meaning of confession This dreadful event disturbed the peaceful atmosphere in the monastery.The uproar caused by the discovery of the body caused the service to be interrupted.The abbot immediately ordered the monks to return to the chapel and pray for the souls of their dead brothers. Their voices are hoarse.William and I chose a position where we could observe them.The turban is not covered during the liturgical service, and we immediately see Berengar's face: pale, depressed, and sweating coldly.

Then we noticed Malachi, dark and deeply furrowed, but very calm.Next to Malachi was the equally stern face of Blind George.On the other hand, we see Benno of Uppsala tense; we have seen him face to face in the office the day before, and now we see him give Malachi a quick glance. "Benno was nervous and Berengar was scared," commented William. "I had to ask them right away." I asked bluntly, "Why?" "Our task is difficult," William said. "A difficult job. The inquirer must find the weakest people, and their weakest moments." In fact, as soon as the service was over, we caught up with Benno walking towards the library.The young man seemed very anxious when William called him, murmured an excuse that he had work to do, and seemed anxious to get to the office.But my mentor reminded Benno that he was carrying out the inquiry ordered by the dean, so he led Benno into the corridor.We sat down between two pillars.Benno waited for William to ask questions, looking at the cathedral from time to time.

"Well," William asked, "what did you say the other day when you were discussing Adelmo's margins with Berengar, Venantius, Malachi, and George?" "You heard it yesterday too. George said it was not right to adorn a book of truth with that absurd pattern. Venantius said that Aristotle himself made wisecracks, using language as a tool for play, not It's just revealing the truth, so if 'laughing' can be a means of conveying truth, it's not a bad thing. George said that, as far as he can remember, Aristotle talked about metaphor in his Treatise on Poetry These words were uttered at a time when they were spoken. There are two disturbing circumstances in these words themselves, first, because the book "On Poetics" was unknown to the Christian world for a long time, perhaps because of the divine order, which came to us through the pagan Moors..."

William said: "But it was translated into Latin by a friend of the genius doctor Aquino." "That's what I told him," replied Benno, perked up immediately. "I don't understand Greek very well, and in fact I can only read that great book through Wayne Mower's translation. Yes, That's what I said. But George said the second disturbing factor is that Aristotle talks about poetry in that book, and the poems are all fiction. Venantius said Said that hymns are poems, and they use metaphors too. George was so angry that he said hymns were the poems of the gods, expressing truth through metaphors, while the poems written by pagan poets used metaphors to convey false things, and only for the sake of For the purpose of entertainment. I take this statement very seriously...”

"Why?" "Because I am a student of rhetoric, I have read many poems written by pagan poets, and I know... I believe that their words also express the truths that Christians profess. In short, if I remember correctly , when Venantius cited other books as examples, and George was very angry." "What books?" Benno hesitated for a while: "I can't remember. Does it matter?" "It's very relevant, because I want to try to understand what happened to all the people who take books as their standard and look up to them, so their opinions and criticisms of books are also very important."

"That's right." Benno smiled for the first time, his face almost glowing. "We live for books. What a wonderful task in this corrupt world. Then maybe you'll understand What happened once. Venantius, versed in... versed in Greek, said that Aristotle wrote his second Treatise on Poetics just to make people laugh, if such a great philosopher for a whole For a book to make readers laugh, 'laugh' must be very important. George said that many ancestors wrote sinful books, important but evil. Venantius said that, as far as he knew, Asia Aristotle said that "laughing" is a good thing and a tool to spread the truth. Then George asked him contemptuously if he had read this book by Aristotle. Weitinan replied that no one had read the book , because the book has never been found, and may be lost forever. In fact, Wylie Moore never really owned the original book. George said that if the book was never found, it was because it was not at all. Existence, God does not want vain things to be glorified. I just want everyone to calm down, because George is easily offended, and Venantius deliberately provoked him with words, so I will say that we do know that in Poetry In a certain part of the Treatise, many brilliant insights can be found in witty words. Venantius agrees with me. We were also with Pacificus of Tivoli, who Has quite a study of pagan poets, and he says that when it comes to wisecracks, no one is above Africa. In terms of the region of the ancient country), he even recited a doggerel about fish.At this moment, George interjected, “Jesus only needs us to say 'yes' or 'no'" and other superfluous words are instigated by the devil. When it comes to fish, just say "fish" is enough, and there is no need to obliquely hint. He also said that he did not Don't think it's wise to cite poets from Africa...then..."

"and then?" "Then something happened that I don't understand. Berengar laughed. George scolded him. Berengar said he laughed because he thought that if one searched carefully in African sentences, one would find more Many different riddles, and none of them are as easy as the song 'Fish'. Malachi, who was listening, got angry, and pulled Berengar's turban, telling him to do his work... You know, Berengar It's his assistant..." "and after?" "Then Jorge turned away and ended the argument. We all went back to our business. But while I was working, I saw Venantius and Adelmo approaching Berengar one after the other, asking I spoke to him a few words. Although I was at a distance from them, I could see that he avoided answering their questions. But it was not long before the two of them went to him again. That evening, I saw Beren Gar and Adelmo were talking in the corridor before entering the dining room. That's all I know."

William said: "So, the two people who died strangely recently have both consulted Berengar." Benno replied anxiously: "I didn't say that! I just told you what happened that day. Since you asked..." He thought for a while and said hastily, "But if you ask me Opinion, Berengar talked to them about the matter in the library, so you should go there to find it." "Why do you think of a library? What does Berengar mean by searching in African poetry? Does he mean that African poets should be widely read?" "Perhaps, that's what it sounds like. But why should Malachi be angry? After all, only he can decide whether to lend African poetry books. But I know one thing: anyone who looks at the catalog , you'll find a column for 'Africa' in an arrangement that only the admin understands. I've even found a column for 'End of Africa'.Once I wanted to borrow a book in that column, the title of which I forget, but I remember that it aroused my curiosity.Malachi told me that the whole column was lost.All I know is this.That's why I say you might as well look up Berenga, who knows what he'll find when he goes to the library. "

"It's not bad at all." After William concluded, he let Benno leave.Then he and I paced the corridors, commenting—on top of that, Berengar was once again implicated in his brother's death; and second, Benno seemed eager for us to point the arrow at the library. I said maybe he wanted us to find out what he wanted to know himself.William said it was possible, of course, but it was also possible that he wanted us to avoid another place by leading us to the library.I asked, where is it?William said he didn't know, maybe the office, maybe the kitchen, or the chapel, or the dormitory, or the sanatorium.I reminded William that he himself had been fascinated by the library the day before.His answer was that he only wanted to be fascinated by what he had chosen, not someone else to guide him.But he added that the library should be watched more closely, and that trying to sneak in at this juncture would not be a bad idea.Circumstances permitted him to satisfy his curiosity, so long as it was within the bounds of politeness and respect for the customs and rules of the monastery.

We left the corridor.Servants and novices came in twos and threes after mass in the chapel.As we walked along the west side of the chapel, we glimpsed Berengar coming out of the door in the outer wing of the chapel, walking across the cemetery towards the cathedral.William called to him, and he stopped, letting us catch up to him.He's even more troubled than we've seen him in the chapel.William obviously decided to probe his mental state at this time, just as he had probed Benno just now. "As far as I know, you were the last person to see Adelmo before he was killed," he said.

Berengar stammered, as if he was about to pass out: "Me?" His voice was weak. William asked the question nonchalantly, perhaps because Benno had just said that he had seen the two of them talking in the corridor after vespers at dusk.But the words were misplaced, and it was clear that Berengar was thinking of another real final meeting, for his voice hesitated when he spoke again. "How can you say that? I saw him before bedtime, like everyone else!" At this point William decided that it might be worth pressing him further, without giving him a break: "No, you saw him again later. You knew more, but you didn't want to admit it. Now it's dead here." You can't keep silent after killing two people, and you know very well that there are many ways to get a person to tell the truth." William used to tell me that even when he was a magistrate he always avoided torture.But Berengar misunderstood him (or William was misunderstood on purpose).Anyway, it worked out pretty well. "Yes, yes," said Berengar, tears welling up in his eyes, "I saw Adelmo that night, but he was dead then!" "How?" asked William. "At the foot of the mountain?" "No, no, I saw him here in the cemetery, moving between the graves, a ghost. I saw him, and immediately realized that the man in front of me was not alive: his face was a dead man's. His face and eyes were fixed on eternal punishment. Naturally, I didn't know I was meeting a ghost until I heard of his death the next morning. But even then I knew I must be hallucinating , before me is a dead soul, a wandering soul that wanders in the night... Oh, God, he speaks to me with a voice that seems to come from the grave!" "What did he say?" ※Bandhammer Academyの重学E Book※ "He said to me: 'I have been punished! What you have seen is me, a man who has returned from hell, and I must return to hell.' That's what he said. I cried to him: 'Adelmo , are you really from hell? What is the pain in hell like?' I couldn't help shaking because I had just attended the vesper service and heard the passages about Tianzhu. He said to me again :'The pain in hell is indescribable. You see this sophistical shawl I wore around me before today? It oppresses me, makes me feel so heavy, as if I were carrying the tallest tower in Paris, or Mountains all over the world, and I can never put it down again. This pain is caused by the gods for my ego, for my belief that the body is a place of pleasure, for wanting to know more than others, and because of my The imagination delights in the monstrous, and creates more monstrosities, the punishment—now I must live forever with these monsters. Do you see the lining of this cloak? It seems to be all Coals and flames, burning my body, this punishment is due to the evil of the flesh, whose deeds I know to condone, and now this flame burns me forever! Give me your hand, My dear tutor "he said to me again, 'My meeting with you this time may be a useful lesson in repaying the many lessons you have taught me.Your hand, my beloved mentor! 'He shook his hot finger, a small drop of sweat dripped onto my hand, as if it was going to penetrate my palm, the imprint was left on my hand for several days, but I hid it, no for anyone to see.Then he recedes between the graves.I was terrified when I learned the next morning that his body had been found at the foot of the cliff. " Berenga gasped and sobbed. William asked him, "Why did he call you your beloved tutor? You two are about the same age. Did you ever teach him anything?" Berenga pulled down his hood, covered his face, knelt down, and hugged William's leg: "I don't know why he called me that, I never taught him anything!" He cried, "I'm so sorry!" Fear, Father. I confess to you, have mercy on me, a demon is eating my heart!" William pulled him away, and lifted him up again with his hands: "No, Berengar," he said, "don't ask me to confess for you. Don't try to seal mine by opening yours. I What you want to know, you must tell me in another way. If you will not tell me, I will find out myself. You can ask me to have mercy on you, but don't try to silence me. In this monastery, Too many people are silent. Tell me how you could see his pale face on that darkest night, how he could burn your hands on that stormy night, and what you were doing in the cemetery. Come on—" He shook Berengar's shoulders violently, "at least tell me this!" Berengar trembled: "I don't know what I was doing in the cemetery, I don't remember, I don't know how I could see his face, maybe I had a lamp, no...he had a lamp, He took a lamp, and perhaps I saw his face in the light of that flame..." "If it was windy and snowy, how could he have held the lamp?" "It was after vespers, just after vespers, and it hadn't snowed yet, and the snow came later... I remember I was on the way back to the dormitory when it started to snow. I ran to the dormitory, and the ghost Float in the opposite direction... Then I don't know anything from now on. Please, if you won't listen to my confession, please don't ask me again." "Well," said William, "you go, go to the chapel, and tell God, and since you won't tell me, or find a monk who will hear your confession, because if you don't Confession, it is time to be damned. Go, we will see you again." Berengar ran and disappeared in an instant.William rubbed his hands, which I've seen him do many times before when he was happy. "Well," he said, "a lot of things have now been clarified." "Clarification, sir?" I asked him. "Including the ghost of Adelmo?" "My dear Adso," said William, "that ghost doesn't look very much like a ghost to me. Besides, he quotes a passage I read in a book I made for missionaries. Yes. These monks probably read too much, and when they get excited, they re-experience the visions they see from the books. I don't know if it was really Adelmo who said it, or if Berengar just had to listen to it. I thought he heard it. But the story did confirm a series of my assumptions. For example: Adelmo died by suicide. The story of Berengar tells us again, before his death, he was excited about and repented of some deed he had done before. He was terrified of his sin, and evidently someone had frightened him, and this man might have told him of hell, when he met Beren Overtime he repeated it. He wandered in the cemetery because he had just left the chapel where he had confessed (or confessed) to someone who had made him fearful and remorseful. As Berengar We are told that he walked from the cemetery in the opposite direction from the dormitory, which is the cathedral, but it is also possible that he walked towards the outer wall behind the stables, which is where I think he jumped off the cliff. He jumped just before the storm fell, and died at the base of the wall, and the avalanche carried his body between the north and east towers." "But what about the burning sweat?" "It was part of the story he had heard and repeated, or it was the imagination that Berengar was inspired by seeing him excited and remorseful. Because of Adelmo's remorse, Berengar was also remorseful, and you heard it with your own ears. Yes. If Adelmo had come out of the chapel, he would probably have held a candle, so that what fell on his friend's hand was only a drop of wax. But Berengar felt that it was very hot, because Adelmo He does call him a mentor. It means that Adelmo blames Berengar for teaching him what he is now depressed to death. Berengar also knows that he made Adelmo do things he should not do, which made Adelmo Delmo has committed suicide, so he is in pain. My poor Adso, it is not difficult to imagine after we have heard what the assistant administrator has to say!" "I probably understand what happened between the two of them." I was embarrassed by my stupidity, "but don't each of us believe in a merciful God? You said Adelmo might have confessed, why did he want to Seek to punish his first sin with a more serious, or at least as serious, sin?" "Because someone said something very strong to him. As I said just now, a page that a modern missionary must read must have prompted someone to repeat that passage, frightening Adelmo, who in turn The same passage horrified Berengar. In recent years, in order to make the masses pious and obedient to the laws of man and God, missionaries have often said painful words and even threatened death. This was never before. Today among the ranks of the self-repentant believers, there is nothing but sacred hymns, all about the Passions of Christ and Our Lady; never before has the faith of the common man been strengthened by descriptions of the torments of hell. .” I said, "Perhaps that's what confession requires." "Adeso, I have never heard so many people called to confession before, and in fact at this time neither missionaries nor bishops nor even my brothers in the Church have been able to inspire true repentance gone." I said confusedly: "But the third era, the Pope, the Perugian Order..." "Nostalgia. The great age of confession is over, and for that reason even ordinary orders can talk about it. A hundred or two hundred years ago, there was a frenzy of innovation. For a time, people who talked about innovation were To be burned, whether he be a saint or a pagan. Everybody talks about it now, even the pope. If the church and the court talk about innovation, the innovation of mankind cannot be believed." "But what about Brother Dolcino?" I ventured, wanting to know more about the name; I'd heard them say it many times the day before. "He is dead, as solemnly as he was alive, for he too was too late. Besides, what do you know of him?" "Knows nothing. That's why I'm asking you..." "I'd rather never talk about him. I had to deal with some of the so-called apostles at the time, and watched them carefully. A sad story, and that would bother you. All in all, it bothers me, and you will, too. The incompetent judgment felt even more confusing. It was a man who did something unwise because he put into practice what so many saints preached. The more I thought about it, the more I couldn't figure out whose fault it was, I was like... It's like being dazzled by a kind of kinship of two relative associations. Saints teach repentance, sinners carry it out, often at the expense of others... But I'm saying something else, or maybe not. What I'm saying What is actually said is this: When the age of repentance is over, the need for repentance becomes the need for death for the penitent. They kill the mad penitent, and they can only pay for death with death, but Do not understand the true meaning of repentance; they substitute imaginary repentance for spiritual repentance, conjure visions of supernatural pain and blood, and call those phantoms the 'mirror' of true repentance. Since ordinary people—even sometimes scholars— In the imagination of the people, the mirror reflected scenes of the torments of hell, and therefore no one was said to sin. They hoped to free their hearts from sin through fear, and believed that fear was a substitute for betrayal." "But will they really not commit crimes?" I asked anxiously. "That depends on what you mean by 'criminal', Adso," said my mentor. "I don't want to be unfair to the people of this country, after all I've lived here for many years. But in my opinion The Italians are still not exempt from the fear of idols, though they call them gods. They fear St. Sebastian or St. Anthony far more than they worship Christ. If you want to keep a place clean Yes, to stop any Italian from urinating like a dog, a painting of St. Anthony will stop those who want to. So, thanks to their missionaries, the Italians are always at risk of reviving old superstitions; they have They no longer believe in the resurrection of the body, but are only afraid of physical injury and misfortune, because although they are afraid of Christ, they are even more afraid of St. Anthony." ※Bandhammer Academyの重学E书※ "But Berenga is not Italian," I pointed out. "It's no different. I'm talking about the atmosphere of churches and missions that are scattered over the peninsula, and spread everywhere. Even monasteries with many learned monks are infected, like this one." "But as long as they haven't committed a crime," I insisted. "If this monastery reflects the present, then you've got your answer." "Really?" I asked suspiciously. "In order for the world to have a mirror, the world must first have a form." William concluded.But at that time I was just a half-knowledgeable teenager, and I really didn't understand his profound philosophy.