Chapter 4 Description of the original author

Adso's manuscript is divided into seven days, and each day is divided into stages according to the time of worship.The third-person explanatory text may have been added by Wallace, but since they help to guide the reader, and because dialect literature of the time was not lacking in such writing, I do not think it necessary to delete them. Adso's reference to the times of the prayer services confuses me quite a bit, as they vary from place to place and from season to season; Not exactly followed. However, I believe the accompanying table below is a credible guide for the reader.Part of the table is deduced from the text in the book, and part is based on comparing the original canons with Edward Schneider's description of monastic life in The Order of St. Benedict.

Morning Prayer between 2:30 and 3 in the morning. Morning prayers (traditionally called "morning worship" or morning prayers) start from 5:00 am to 6:00 am and end at dawn. Morning classes are about 7:30, before dawn. Morning worship at about nine o'clock. The sixth hour is prayer noon (also lunch time in winter in monasteries where monks do not have to work in the fields). Prayer at the ninth hour between two and three in the afternoon. Vespers are held at about 4:30, at sunset (the canon dictates that dinner be eaten before dark). Vespers are about six (the monks go to bed by seven).

This is based on the actual situation of sunrise in northern Italy at around 7:30 in the morning and sunset around 4:40 in the afternoon at the end of November in northern Italy.