Chapter 269 The essence of the second problem

There are riots and uprisings, two kinds of anger, one wrong and the other right.In the only just and reasonable democracies, a small minority sometimes usurps power, and the whole people rises up, and may take the road of armed resistance in order to restore their rights.In all matters of collective sovereignty, a war of the whole against the part is an insurrection, an attack of the part against the whole is an insurrection; it depends on who is admitted to the Tuileries, and if it receives a king, an attack on it is an insurrection. is just, and it is unjust to attack it if it receives the Convention.The same cannon aimed at the masses was wrong on August 10 and right on Portuguese 14.Similar in appearance but different in essence, what the Swiss mercenaries protected was wrong, and what Bonaparte protected was right.What universal suffrage does when it is free and autonomous, cannot be changed by the street.The same is true in purely civilized things, the instincts of the masses, clear yesterday, may be muddled tomorrow.The same rage that was legitimate against Thayer was false against Turgot.The destruction of machines, the looting of warehouses, the digging of railroad tracks, the demolition of shipyards, the rampage of mobs, the treatment of progressives in violation of the law, the murder of Ramis by students, the stone of Rousseau out of Switzerland, were riots.Israel against Moses, Athens against Phocion, Rome against Scipio, an insurrection, Paris against the Bastille, an insurrection.Soldiers against Alexander, sailors against Columbus, it was the same rebellion, a presumptuous rebellion.Why?For what Alexander did for Asia with the sword, what Columbus did for America with the compass, Alexander, like Columbus, discovered a continent.The gift of a continent to civilization is such a great increase of light that any resistance to it is sinful.Sometimes people also become disloyal to themselves.The masses become traitors to the people.For example, the long-term bloody struggle of private salt traders, this legal and chronic resistance, once it came to a critical moment, when it was a safe day, and the day when the people won, they suddenly surrendered to the dynasty. Turn to a riot in favor of the royal family!A tragic masterpiece of ignorance!The private salt merchants escaped the royal gallows, and put on the white cockade again before the noose was untied around their necks. "Down with the salt monopoly policy" suddenly became "Long live the king".What a queer thing!The Killers of St. Bartholomew, the Stranglers of September, the Killers of Corigny, the Killers of Madame de Lambald, the Killers of Brune, Miquel, the Green Emblems, the Braided Soldiers, The Hot Hu Gang, the Iron Armed Knights, these are all riots.The Vendée was a catholic revolt.The voice of human rights mobilization can be discerned, and it does not necessarily come from the chaotic noise of crowds rushing and clashing. There are irrational rages, cracked bronze bells, and not all bells calling for armed resistance sound like bronze.A riot of fanaticism and ignorance is not the same as turmoil in progress.Stand up, yes, but only for the sake of going up.Please point me in the direction you choose.An uprising can only be forward.Everything else "up" is bad.All strong backward steps are riots, and backwardness is a kind of atrocity to human beings.An insurrection is an outburst of truth's wrath.The paving stones dug for the uprising sparked the spark of human rights.All that these stones left for the riots was their sludge.Danton was an uprising against Louis XVI, and Abel was a riot against Danton.

Therefore, as Lafayette said, in a certain situation, if insurrection can be the most sacred duty, insurrection can also be an irreparable crime. There is also a difference in the intensity of heat energy, an uprising is a volcano, and a riot is a grass fire. We said that resistance sometimes takes place within regimes.Bollignac ran riots, Camille Desmoulins ruled. Sometimes, to revolt is to bring the dead back to life. Using universal suffrage to solve all problems is still a brand-new method. The previous 4,000 years of history are full of facts of human rights being violated and people suffering. Each historical period has brought appropriate forms of protest at that time.During Caesar's reign there was no uprising, but there was Juvenal.

Anger takes the place of tragedy for the Gracchus. In the time of Caesar, there were prisoners exiled at Seini, and there were also characters in the historical chronology. We are not talking here of the great banishment of Batemos, which also provoked an outcry from the ideal world against the real world, and made it a mass satire, making the Rome of Nineveh, the Rome of Babylon, and the Rome of Sodom. The shining revelation of the Book of Revelation. John stands on a rock like a sphinx squats on a pedestal, people may not understand him, he is a Jew and writes in Hebrew, but the one who wrote the Chronicle is a Latin, to put it more properly, He is Roman.

Those dark reigns of the Neroes should likewise be depicted, and the prosaicness of the mere engraving with the chisel should be given to the inscriptions in a concise and poignant style. The tyrant helps the thinker to observe, and the barrage of speech is violent speech.When a certain master deprives the masses of freedom of speech, the author has to reinforce his tone again and again.The mystical power of silence, the sifting of thought as hard as bronze, the repression of history the precision of the historian.Certain articles, solid as granite, were actually formed by the pressure of tyrants.

Tyranny forces the author to reduce the scope of the narrative, and it adds strength, and in the time of Cicero in Rome, the commentary on Veles had some strength, but it had less power on Caligula.The simplicity of the words strengthens the impact, Tacitus' thought is powerful. A great man's sense of justice is formed by the condensation of justice and truth, and when things happen, he will strike like a thunder. By the way, it should be noted that Tacitus did not historically overpower Caesar.The royal family of Rome was reserved for him.Caesar and Tacitus are two extraordinary figures who appear in succession.Their encounter is mysteriously unscheduled, defining their entry and exit on the stage of the century.Caesar is great, Tacitus is great, and God spared these two great men from meeting.The magistrates may have gone too far in striking Caesar and thus become unjust.God doesn't want that.Wars in Africa and Spain, the extermination of the pirates in Sicily, and the introduction of culture to Gaul, Brittany, and Germany overshadowed the Rubicon.It is a subtle sign of divine justice that the formidable historian, who does not criticize the eminent usurper, hesitates, and secures Caesar's pardon from Tacitus, thus giving the genius some mitigating circumstance.

Of course, despotism is always despotism, even under talented despots, under famous tyrants, there is corruption and depravity, but moral disasters are uglier under some tyrants who have lost their integrity. of.In these dynasties shame was uncovered, and exemplary figures such as Tacitus and Juvenalus salutarily denounced these unjustifiable shames before mankind. Rome was worse under Vitellius than it was under Silas.In the days of Claudius and Domitian, its despicable deformity was in keeping with the ugliness of a tyrant.The vileness of the slaves is the direct result of the despot, and the staleness that emanates in these sunken hearts reflects their masters.The power of society is filthy, the people are narrow, the conscience is mediocre, and the spirit is like a bedbug.It was true in the age of Caracalla, it was true in the age of Commodus, and it was true in the age of Heliogabal.But in the time of Caesar, only some of the stench of the Eagle's Nest itself was exuded in the Roman Senate.

From then on, people such as Tacitus and Juvenals appeared. It seems that it was a bit late, and demonstrators were obviously produced during this period. Juvenals and Tacitus, like Isaiah in the Bible and Dante in the Middle Ages, are individuals, but riots and uprisings are masses, sometimes wrong, sometimes just. In general, riots are caused by material reality, while uprisings are always a spiritual phenomenon. Riots are like Mazzanilo, and uprisings are Spartacus.Insurrection is confined to the sphere of thought, whereas insurrection belongs to the aspect of hunger.Gast is angry, Gast is not always unreasonable.On the issue of famine, riots, such as the Bishan Sai incident, have a correct starting point, tragic and correct, why are they still just riots?Because although it is reasonable in substance, it is wrong in form.Although they have power, they act insolently. Although they are powerful, they are brutal. They beat for a while, like a blind elephant, destroying everything as they advance, leaving behind a group of corpses of old and young women. They sacrificed without knowing it. The blood of those innocent people.Feeding people is a good idea, killing them is a bad idea.

All armed uprisings, including legal ones, such as August 10 and July 14, begin with the same confusion.There is always some turmoil and dross before the legal power is liberated, and the prelude to an insurrection is an insurrection, just as a river is started by a torrent, and usually an insurrection is summed up in an ocean of revolution.Sometimes an uprising rises from the high mountains where justice, reason, justice, civil rights, ideals pure as snow, grow strong after a long pour from rock to rock, and reflect the blue sky in its mirror-like waters The hundreds of great rivers, with the majesty of victory, suddenly lost the cause of the insurrection in the bourgeois depression, flowing into the swamp like the Rhine.

These are the past, but the future will be different.The admirable thing about universal suffrage is that it eliminates riots in principle, and when you give the vote to the rebels you disarm them.War ended, whether it was barricade warfare or frontier warfare.This is inevitable progress.Regardless of today's situation, peace is tomorrow's business. In short, an insurrection is different from an insurrection, but the real bourgeoisie cannot understand this nuance.In their view, all this is a civil uprising, pure rebellion, the resistance of the watchdog, who wants to bite the owner; if he wants to bite someone, he has to be chained and locked in a cage, and the dog barks loudly or softly, Until one day when the image of the dog's head suddenly became larger, a lion's face loomed in the dark.

Then the bourgeoisie cried out: "Long live the people!" After such an explanation, what was the June 1832 movement from a historical point of view?Is it a riot?Or an uprising? This is an uprising. From the stage setting of this terrible event, we may call it a riot, but this is only superficial, and we need to be able to distinguish the form of the riot from the substance of the uprising. The events of 1832 were so immeasurably great both in the speed with which they erupted and in their tragic extinction that even those who thought of them only as insurrections could not but speak of them with respect.To them it was only the aftermath of the events of 1830.Agitated minds, they say, do not calm down for a day.All revolutions cannot cut it vertically with a single blow.Before returning to the calm period, there must be a period of twists and turns, just as the mountains gradually reach the plains, just as there is no Alps without the Jura, and there is no Pyrenees without Asturias.

In modern history, this touching crisis, which Parisians call "the period of insurrection", must have been the most prominent period of storms in this century.One more thing before we get down to business. What I am about to say next is a living drama which historians have overlooked for lack of time and opportunity, but we must note that there is life in it, unsettling and trembling, and we seem to It has been said before that some details, like twigs of great events, have been lost in distant history.There were many such trifles during the so-called riot period.Some Justice Department investigations, for reasons other than history, have not uncovered everything, and may not have gotten to the bottom of it.Among the well-known special cases that have been published, there are still some things that have not been handed down, either because of forgetting or because the person involved is dead, so we will expose some.Most of the actors in these magnificent scenes are no longer there, and they have been silent for a day.And what we are going to talk about below can be said to be what we have seen with our own eyes.We've changed some names because history is narrative rather than revelation, but we're describing the actual plot.The conditions under which we have written this book can only reveal one aspect of an event, certainly the least noticed episode of June 5th and 6th, 1832.We shall make it possible for the reader to have a glimpse of the true face of this terrible mass event after we lift the dark veil.