Chapter 5 1. Born unrighteously and die in disgrace

Only give nine taels of black bread In the world between the two wars, politics, economy, and international relations developed. First of all, the economy. At this time, the world economy is not only the capitalist market economy, but also the highly centralized planned economy of the Soviet Union.The planned economy of Soviet Russia was divided into several stages.The first is wartime communism, the surplus grain collection system, the abolition of commodity currency, and those who do not work cannot eat.The purpose is to meet the needs of the war. In Lenin's words, everything is for the front line.In addition, it is such an attempt to complete the direct transition.The policy of wartime communism, at first glance, is the same as communism. There is no currency, distribution according to needs, and everything you have is given to you by the state.If it is said in this way, then this wartime communism will continue to be practiced, and the Soviet Union will transition to a communist society.

However, when Lenin and the others first imagined it, they forgot the most basic point. According to Marx, communism should be formed after the material products are extremely abundant and the productive forces are highly developed.You are seriously under-productivity now, to what extent?It is said that it is distributed according to needs. Soldiers fighting on the front lines and workers engaged in heavy physical labor in factories are only given 450 grams of black bread a day, and then a spoonful of sugar, a spoonful of salt, and a small piece of butter. Material products are very scarce.You said that I can’t eat 9 taels of grain a day now, because in addition to grain, you also eat meat, eggs, milk, and vegetables. At that time, there was nothing, just 9 taels of black bread a day.In addition to fighting, you also have to do heavy physical labor. To be honest, you will be gone after two trips to the toilet, which is not enough.

Black bread is not wheat yet. I tasted black bread in Vladivostok in 1996. I didn’t understand it at first. There were two slices of white bread on each table, and the rest were all black. I thought the black bread was chocolate filling. When they go up, they catch the black ones, and when they eat something, they catch them again, and the white ones are gone.That thing is not tasty, it is what the Russians call a big grin. Why do you think the Soviet Union ended after more than 70 years of rule?Born unrighteously, and died in disgrace, for this system, for such a small group of people in power, they paid a too high price.What if the grain cannot be harvested?Organize engineers and soldiers to grab grain and go to the countryside to grab grain.Some workers and soldiers’ families starved to death. I saw that there was food in the farmers’ homes. I don’t care if you have surplus food or rations.Therefore, the peasants said that if you give us the land, the food will belong to you; if you give us the forest, the timber will belong to you; if you give us the river, the fish in the river will belong to you.Therefore, this wartime communist policy, later Lenin and the others also realized that it was obviously not conducive to economic development, and they switched to the New Economic Policy. Unfortunately, after a few years of Lenin's New Economic Policy, what happened to Lenin?died.Therefore, once Lenin died and Stalin succeeded to the throne, it was a turning point for the development of Soviet history!

fatal recklessness As soon as Stalin came to power, he completely put aside what Lenin was right, and established a highly centralized planned economic system.The most representative of its characteristics are the following points: First, industrialization and agricultural collectivization. There is nothing to talk about. Industrialization is the development of heavy industry and agricultural collectivization. It is equivalent to our people’s communes, enclosing the people and turning farmers from free people into state serfs.When Hitler attacked the Soviet Union, he disbanded all the institutions in the Soviet Union, leaving only the collective farms.

Because Hitler thought it was a great idea. The peasants were fixed on the farms, a group of people were supervised to work, and all the products produced were taken away by the state. This is great. Isn’t this serfdom?This is equivalent to the restoration of serfdom, collective farms in the USSR. Second, a highly centralized planned economy.The economy is guided entirely by executive orders, ignoring commodity markets and the laws of value.This Stalinist model, a highly centralized planned economy, worked well at first, but it had problems.It's like a certain athlete took a doping and ran the first in the world. Is this considered effective?If you think this is effective, then this planned economy is effective.But it's actually more harmful.

The outstanding performance is that the ratio is out of balance, and the imbalance in the ratio of agricultural weight to heavy weight has caused the development of the country, which is too far behind the living standards of ordinary people.The common people did not feel the benefits of economic development.The Stalinist fundamentalists are now full of longing for the history of China before the reform and opening up. I give them four words - do not know the truth.If you haven't lived through that period, you just don't know the truth.If someone is full of longing for the former Soviet Union, it is four words - naive and naive.Some people will say, you see Churchill praised Stalin, what he took over was a poor country with a wooden plow, and what he left behind was a powerful country with an atomic bomb.So, what can a wooden plow do?It can grow the bread that the common people need; what can the atomic bomb do?Gouging out the eyes, one person makes two, this is more nutritious than eggs, eat it, atomic bomb.The effect of the atomic bomb on a country is definitely not as good as that of a wooden plow. After you build the atomic bomb to defend my regime, the defense of the regime is to avoid aggression.Anyone who invades us will be massacred.

The second fatal problem is to only emphasize quantity and output value while ignoring the quality of products.Now we don’t seem to talk about this anymore. I remember that a few years ago, the news broadcast also said that China’s steel output was the world’s largest, with 220 million tons. Now our steel output seems to be 400 million tons a year.Let's not talk anymore, why?Have you sold all the 220 million tons of steel?If you sold them all, how much did you sell them for?right?If this steel is to be built for aircraft carriers and submarines, it has to rely on imports.Our steel output is the largest in the world, and our steel imports are also the largest in the world.” Your steel can’t build an aircraft carrier, you can’t build a submarine, and if the water cracks, how can it be done? That thing is too scary. So, ignore Quality only emphasizes yield. Snowflake pears can yield tens of thousands of catties per mu, and you can earn four catties for five yuan. How much do you say? So, if the output value of one mu of land in China is 1, then the United States is?, France is 56, Germany is? In any sense, the key is to emphasize the output value, and to increase the output value, the quality must also increase. Look at the Soviet refrigerator, in the room where I lived in Vladivostok. As soon as the refrigerator was turned on, I wondered how I slept on the rails and followed the train. The refrigerator is still in the living room, and I slept in that house, even if the door was closed, so I couldn’t sleep at all. Look at the TV again, it’s as big as our podium, the screen is 14 inches, and it’s an electronic tube, not a transistor.

It took 5 minutes to get an image after opening it, and it exploded after four hours of continuous opening. No one dared to try it. It was dangerous.If you have spare money, tinker with such a TV, use it to watch the Spring Festival Gala, turn it on at eight o'clock, and at twelve o'clock there will be a bang to remind you that the New Year is here. Priority is given to the development of heavy industry, and funds are accumulated from farmers, so heavy industry is developed at the expense of agriculture.Then in the end, your industry will not be able to develop.Therefore, during the Cold War, American spies saw Soviet housewives on the streets of the Soviet Union, and they would get up and line up before dawn, carrying a vegetable basket to buy bread, so the American spies wrote to the country saying that victory is certain A regime that belongs to us and cannot even maintain the food and clothing of the people cannot last long.

The fourth is to affect the people's living standards, so that the people's living standards cannot be improved and improved for a long time. Therefore, the final result is that the people do not recognize this regime.Your atomic bomb can destroy human beings 30 times, but my life and my bread can’t get a normal supply, so what’s the use7 then it’s over. So, you see, when the Soviet army withdrew from Germany, Germany and Germany were unified, and the Soviet Red Army was going back to its hometown, selling everything, a submachine gun, a Kalashnikov gun, sold on the black market for 3 dollars, the Soviet Union The colonel’s full uniform will be sold to you for 10 dollars. The Americans want to get the infrared detector, the big detector, and the detector on the Soviet tank. If the Soviet Union developed that detector, it might have cost tens of millions of dollars. You can’t even get it in the factory. Now that the Soviet Red Army is about to withdraw, this thing is sold publicly for $50. Unload it and pack it up for you to take away.No matter how advanced weapons and equipment fall into the hands of soldiers who resell weapons for a living, this battle cannot be won.People are the most fundamental, if you ignore this point, it will be completely over.Therefore, in 1990, the Soviet Union was about to disintegrate. At that time, on the Sino-Soviet border, on the Sino-Soviet border in Xinjiang, you could exchange two plastic thermos bottles and a few plastic washbasins with the Soviets. A motorcycle, because he had never seen such a thing.The Chinese are really smart. It is boiling water when it is poured in, and it is still boiling water when it is poured out. It is too powerful.We have plenty of motorcycles, collective farms, and warehouses. When driving a few steps away from the Chinese border, he jumped off. The motorcycle rushed into China and was lost. I can’t cross the border. I told the secretary of the commune that the motorcycle The car crashed into China and was lost.The secretary said, it’s okay, Curry still has it, and I’m going to replace the two thermos tomorrow, who doesn’t understand what’s going on.

hidden crisis At this time, in the past two decades, the market economy of capitalist countries has also encountered serious problems, and an economic crisis has occurred.The economic crisis first occurred in the United States, so the background of the economic crisis in the United States is the cause of the world economic crisis.Because of the Washington system, regardless of whether there are problems of one kind or another, after all, the stability of the world has been maintained in the ten years after the war.The decade after the war was the golden decade for the development of capitalism in the 20th century, especially the United States.The United States was President Coolidge's reign at that time, and it was called "Coolidge prosperity" in history.Radios, refrigerators, washing machines and cars began to enter the homes of ordinary Americans.Television was not invented at that time, so if you think that refrigerators and washing machines entered Chinese households, it should be in the 1980s and 1990s, and cars entered Chinese households in this century. In other words, our living standards, There is a difference of 60 to 80 years with others.Therefore, the U.S. economy is developing very fast, and Americans believe that this prosperity will continue, but what they fail to see is that there is a deep crisis hidden in it.

The first is that the gap between rich and poor has widened, and most people have not benefited from economic development.This is the most typical example.In the past few years, India, China, Russia, and Brazil are now known as the "BRIC countries". These four countries are most favored by the world, and their economies are developing very fast.Well, in the past few years, India’s economic development has been at an astonishing speed, catching up with China’s development speed. In the last election, the Bharatiya Janata Party government, which led India to achieve an economic miracle, stepped down, and the Congress Party was elected.Later, I investigated why you didn’t vote for the People’s Party. The common people said that in the process of economic development, the 500,000 IT elites benefited, and the rural areas did not benefit. Therefore, I used the vote to pull you down.You take care of the rich, regardless of the life and death of the poor, and you come down.Therefore, the gap between the rich and the poor is the most serious problem in a country. You should have heard of this. A healthy social structure should be in the shape of a jujube pit or olive, while an unhealthy social structure should be in the shape of a pyramid, with more people as you go down.The jujube nucleus structure is normal.In today's European and American countries, why is the social structure so stable?Because they are all date pit-shaped, there is a large and stable middle class team, especially in Western and Northern Europe.In countries with universal welfare, like Sweden, the income gap between the poorest people and the richest people is only 6 times, and the annual income of the richest people is 6 times that of the poorest people.Rich people in foreign countries take pleasure in giving. They earn 1 million and pay 870,000 in taxes. The more they pay, the more honorable they are. The United States at that time was such a social structure.The richest 1% of the country accounts for 20% of the national wealth, and the poorest 20% only owns 2.5% of the national wealth. Therefore, the disparity between the rich and the poor creates a lack of what?There are too many poor people who can't afford things, so they have no purchasing power. It doesn't matter if they don't have purchasing power, they can pay in installments.So, just like now, on credit.This leads to the second question.Among our young people, installment payment is very popular, and there have been many "negative men" and "negative men" who are heavily in debt.This installment payment is a concept advocated by the country now. Houses can be paid in installments, cars can be paid in installments, watches, pianos, everything can be paid in installments, where is the problem of installment payment? Let’s not talk about this, you have occupied the future market in advance , it's such a simple question.You see, when I was teaching in middle school, the teachers who were younger than me all bought houses and drove better cars than me. When driving, the school said that we are going to Europe for inspection now. Each person is 16,000, and the school gets 12,000. , Personally pay 4000, no one dares to go.I said I can afford the 16,000, but none of them dare to go, why?He thought about 4,000, I pay 4,000 this month, the house and car add up, I have to pay back 6,000, 4,000 is my oil money for a year, I can’t go to Europe, do you think you have lived a life of injustice?It's better to ride a bicycle to protect the environment and exercise. I only have so much money. If I have to pay off so many debts in the future, I won't be able to spend it elsewhere.Therefore, it is equivalent to occupying the future market in advance.This is a big problem, what if you can't afford it?Nobody thinks about this.You pay in installments, the car is 10,000 dollars, you just pay 500 and drive home, the 9500 is advanced by the bank, the country does not care about that, the bank advances, why the bank will advance you 7, you will pay the principal and interest Sorry, why should I lend you money?You have to have something as collateral.You don't have a house, but if you have a house, how about taking a loan to buy a house?You have to have a house, that is, land, and a house, that is, fixed assets, securities, gold and jewelry, you have to have these things.If I want gold jewelry, if I sell the gold jewelry, it’s over. Why should I take out a loan?what do i haveI have securities, something 7 stocks, you see I have securities, I can use this as collateral.Stock speculation, all people speculate in stocks. At that time in the United States, all people speculated in stocks. If all the stocks in the U.S. stock market were sold, its value would be equivalent to 24 times the gross national product of the United States.Therefore, everyone can understand its danger.Stock trading does not say that ordinary people can make a fortune.Why is there not so many billionaires in China? Anyway, I firmly believe this. I am stupid, maybe others are smarter, and there are some who become billionaires with one or two dollars, and that would be amazing. Therefore, everyone in the United States speculates in stocks. The result of this stock speculation is that when the stock market crashes, everything is over. In October 1929, on a black Thursday, the stock market on Wall Street in New York crashed, and the crash triggered an economic crisis. The economic crisis It was the Great Depression. who will save america The impact of the Great Depression, the United States has affected the entire world. The history books I learned when I was a child talked about the Great Depression. It was very long, wide-ranging, and destructive. The U.S. economy has set back 20 years, and 1933 is equivalent to 1913.Germany was even worse. 1933 was equivalent to 1896, and it was back to the era of William II.I just said that there were 130 ships in the era of William II, and we had 4 ships. That was 1896, and we went back to that era.Therefore, economic production in the entire capitalist world has completely stopped.So, its impact is very significant. The first is its interior. During the 20 years from 1919 to 1939, the biggest impact on capitalist countries came from two aspects, socialism and fascism.As soon as the economic crisis broke out, internal socialist movements and later fascism developed, which especially impacted capitalist democracy. The year of the economic crisis in 1929 was the election year in the United States. The Republican President of the United States, Hoover, was elected with a high number of votes, because he promised the people at that time that you would vote for me. Everyone has a car at home. Steamed chicken, the common people voted for him when they saw that they could drive and eat chicken.As a result, once the economic crisis broke out, President Hoover stubbornly insisted on the laissez-faire economic policy. He ignored the economic crisis, ignored it, and let the market adjust. Not only did he ignore the economic crisis, but he also refused to provide relief. , why am I not unemployed?Why is my president still doing it?Therefore, many former white-collar workers are forced to live in the packaging boxes of large electrical appliances at this time, such as shacks made of linoleum and broken plastic sheets, which are called "Hoover Houses" by ordinary people; Chew leftover chicken bones, potato skins, rotten fruit, call the plastic bag "Hoover bag one"; wear newspapers to keep out the cold, of course he is not covered with newspapers, stuff newspapers in his suits, the fur coat is sold, no matter what The suit is called "Hoover clothes". Foreigners don't save money, everyone has debts, so the dissatisfaction of the common people has reached its peak, which is a serious threat to democracy. Don't think that fascism is only in Germany, and fascism is also in Britain The organization is called the "Aryan Movement", and the French one is called the "Fire Cross Party". You can hear how terrifying this name is. He is an active army colonel. He launched an unsuccessful military coup to overthrow the democratically elected government of France , to establish a military dictatorship. The largest fascist organization in the United States is called the "Germans in America Association", which is mainly composed of German citizens in the United States.When these people were rallying in Washington, they wore Nazi brown shirts, gave a Nazi hand salute, and then hung the Nazi flag side by side with the American flag, and hung the portrait of General Washington side by side with Hitler. Do you think this pair of General Washington What an insult.So, this is a terrible thing.This is tantamount to a severe blow to the inside of a capitalist country. The second is external. The external of capitalist countries has also been severely impacted. This impact is the intensification of contradictions between capitalist countries and colonial and semi-colonial countries.The contradictions between capitalist countries have intensified, because everyone wants markets and raw materials, beggar their neighbors, wants markets and raw materials, dumps goods abroad, and plunders raw materials, so the contradictions between countries have intensified.In addition, conflicts with colonial and semi-colonial countries have intensified.Throughout the economic crisis from 1929 to 1933, only one country escaped. It is the Soviet Union, which implemented a planned economy and had no connection with the world market, so it was fine, but although it was fine, when it disintegrated in 1990, this lesson was made up. In the non-war state in the 20th century, the two events that had the greatest impact on the human economy were the economic crisis from 1929 to 1933 and the disintegration of the Soviet Union.Of these two things, the impact is the greatest.Therefore, if this happens, the contradictions between capitalist countries and with colonial and semi-colonial countries will intensify. The entire capitalist world, that is to say, this economic crisis, has reached the point where it must be resolved. How to solve it?Different countries have taken different approaches.But no matter what method, no matter if it is Roosevelt’s New Deal, Germany or Japan, no matter what method, state intervention is inseparable. Everyone must understand that Roosevelt’s New Deal is state intervention, and the fascist dictatorship is also state intervention. tried hard to get rid of Germany and Japan are also state interventions, because they implement the militarization of the national economy. This product is ordered by the state, which is equivalent to creating employment opportunities for you. If you lose a lot of jobs, I will create employment opportunities for you by doing this.All these enterprises, such as heavy industry enterprises, have been revived, and employment opportunities will be created.You can't find a job yet, it doesn't matter, I am now expanding the army to prepare for war, you can be a soldier, the young man can be a soldier, you can join the army, and you will be paid if you join the army, all these problems will be solved.The expressway was invented by the Germans, it was invented by Hitler at that time, and our country started in the 1980s.In terms of highway construction, the United States was first, Germany second, and China third.Now we seem to have surpassed Germany on highways, because we have a large land after all, and we can surpass Germany after building a few highways.But this one invented by the Germans can be used as an airstrip during a war. Second, the old capitalist countries represented by the United States, through this kind of reform, Roosevelt’s New Deal, through this method, got rid of the crisis, not only the United States, but also the United Kingdom and France. Roosevelt's New Deal was work-for-relief, state intervention, and its core—reform, relief, and recovery—all through state intervention in the economy. The next step is to implement it.The first to rectify the bank, the economic crisis is the financial crisis. Before the 19th and 20th centuries, it was basically the manufacturing industry. It was easy to lose half a year. From the 19th century to the 20th century, the economic crisis was first in the financial field. Isn't it the same now?The financial tsunami, first in this field. Once there is a problem in this field, it will be over. It means that there is a problem at the source of economic development. The most critical link in this chain is broken, and nothing can be done without money.Therefore, Roosevelt rectified the banks, and all American banks were closed for three days. The government had to conduct an assessment. After the assessment, 8 of the more than 70,000 banks were allowed to resume operations. What accounted for the deposits of these 8 banks?Wanjia? 0%, that's the big banks.For example, Citigroup is familiar to everyone. Citigroup is called by Chinese, and CityBank by Americans.For a bank like JP Morgan Chase, you go to absorb funds and try your best. How much money you can absorb, the government will give you the same money, and the Federal Reserve Board, which is equivalent to the central bank of the United States, will allocate the same money to you.So in this way, the big banks absorb more than one billion US dollars, and then the government allocates so much money. Once there is money, the economy can recover. The second is the adoption of the Industrial Revival Act, which is the best.Look at what Roosevelt did. Where your product is sold, the place of origin, and the output are all restricted by the country.The Industrial Revival Act was sent to Congress, and members of Congress became anxious when they saw it. They were killed in the first trial, and then again in the second trial. Then Roosevelt was sent to Congress for the third time. If he was killed this time, the president can The form of a presidential decree is ordered to be implemented. If this is the case, it will break up with Congress, and generally it will not reach this point.However, this time President Roosevelt made up his mind to forcefully pass the National Industrial Recovery Act in the form of a presidential order.The Congress is also in a hurry and sued the Supreme Court. Isn't the United States the separation of powers?Congress sues the president, and the Supreme Court will try him. The justices of the Supreme Court are so old that they almost forget their last names.Besides, the matter of suing the president is not a trivial matter, and the trial time is very long, and then the Supreme Court will strike the gavel, and the National Industrial Recovery Act is unconstitutional, so it can no longer be done.Roosevelt dressed it up, renamed it, the National Industrial Revival Directive Program, and sent it on again.The Congress failed in the first trial and the second trial, and then it was brought to the Supreme Court. The same path was followed again, and then changed again.He just made this time difference, as long as you don't rule that I am unconstitutional, I will do it, so, force it through, and go on doing it like this. , In this way, American industry has been restored. The third is to adjust agriculture. More than 20 million large livestock are killed and buried in the ground as fertilizer, tens of millions of acres of farmland are bulldozed, and 10 million gallons of milk are poured into the Mississippi River. You have to go down to take a bath at that time , the skin is ready.Why did it fall?It's not that melamine exceeds the standard, it's too much, the common people can't drink it, the whole Mississippi River is poured into the Milky Way, it's all milk, 10 million gallons are poured in, why don't you sell it?Poor people wear newspapers and sleep in refrigerator boxes. How much does your beef cost per pound? Can he afford it?What you sell it for is not worth the cost of shipping it from the farm to the slaughterhouse.So, simply destroy it, let the government compensate you for the loss, and wait for the market to recover.How will the market recover?He has to find a job. If he doesn't have a job, he can't recover. You have to create employment opportunities for him. This is what we are talking about, Roosevelt's New Deal is equal to two economic models, planned economy and market economy.So, that is to say, in the past 20 years, on the surface, the planned economy has been successful. The five-year plans of the Soviet Union have changed from a country that is not ranked to the second industrial power in the world, but in reality There are quite a few problems implied by him.At this time, the market economy appeared to have a lot of problems on the surface, but through Roosevelt’s New Deal and state intervention, he repaired these problems in himself, can you understand what I mean?This is the first major point we are talking about, the economy.