Chapter 61 9. One Piece is about to move

The rest is the problem of Northeast China and Taiwan. First, let me talk about Taiwan.Zheng Chenggong recovered Taiwan, and the Netherlands occupied Taiwan at the end of Ming Dynasty. The Netherlands is actually the first typical capitalist country in the world.At that time, its merchant fleet accounted for one-third of the world's total, and it was known as a sea coachman, so its naval power was very powerful.It first occupied Indonesia as a colony, and then went north to occupy Taiwan.Because the Chinese government neglected its jurisdiction over Taiwan, Taiwan was an unclaimed wasteland in the eyes of the Dutch at that time.

In the Yuan Dynasty, there was a Penghu inspection department, who went up to take a look at it every year and every month, and no one knew whether he would look at it or not.When I looked at it again, it was already occupied by someone.After the Dutch occupied Taiwan, Taiwan was under the jurisdiction of the Governor-General of Batavia in the Netherlands at that time.The annual income of the Batavia Governor's Office is 300,000 Dutch guilders, and 200,000 comes from Taiwan, which shows that Taiwan's economy is developed.In addition, the Dutch used the Dutch alphabet in Taiwan to help the local ethnic minorities create their own characters and let the local ethnic minorities believe in Christianity. This is equivalent to more than 30 years of colonial rule in Taiwan until the first year of Kangxi.

The second point is that Zheng Chenggong, who fought against the Qing Dynasty on the southeast coast in the early Qing Dynasty, defeated the Netherlands, and Taiwan returned to the motherland.Zheng Chenggong's father, Zheng Zhilong, was the biggest pirate on the southeast coast at that time, with more than three thousand pirate ships under his command, belonging to Zheng's maritime kingdom. There were more than 3,000 pirate ships. At that time, if you wanted to do business on the southeast coast, you had to fly the flag of Zheng Zhilong on your ship. If you saw the flag of Boss Zheng on your ship, no one would dare to intercept you, but you had to pay protection fees.Therefore, Zheng Zhilong is as rich as an enemy country, and all Southeast Asian countries know that Zheng Zhilong is mentioned.Zheng Zhilong's mother is Japanese, and Zheng Chenggong is a Chinese-Japanese mixed race.When he returned to China at the age of seven, he began to take off his kimono, put on a Confucian uniform, and learn Chinese. China regards him as a national hero, and Japan also regards him as a national hero.That's what the Japanese said when they occupied Taiwan. We have occupied you in history. Zheng Chenggong has at least half of us!

Later Zheng Zhilong was recruited by the court.At that time, many rebels were recruited in the late Ming Dynasty. After being recruited, they became the commander-in-chief and the commander-in-chief of the navy.After Emperor Sizonglie Meishan died for his country, Nanming established many small regimes.Among them, Zheng Zhilong supported Tang Wang Zhu Yujian in Fujian and established the Tang Wang regime.Therefore, after the establishment of the Tang Dynasty regime, Zheng Zhilong was the official residence of the Taishi.You think he is a pirate, vulgar and ignorant, and he set up the emperor, how will he behave in front of the emperor?It is said that Xia Tian went shirtless and didn't wear court clothes, and sat scratching Erlang's legs in front of the emperor, full of foul language.And Zheng Chenggong was educated in strict Confucianism, loyal to the emperor and patriotic, he knew this very well, so he was respectful and courteous to the emperor, and the emperor was very moved.Said that you see that you are really different from your thief, you are not like your father.It's a pity that I don't have a princess, otherwise, I would definitely hire you as a horse trainer.That's it, I recognize you as a godson and give him the surname of the country. You can be surnamed Zhu.Zheng Chenggong's real name was Zheng Sen, but the emperor changed his name to Chenggong.Anti-Qing and Ming Dynasty will surely succeed.The title of King Yanping, because in the Ming Dynasty, the first word of Wang Jue was the prince, and the second word was the king of the county, so sometimes it was written as the king of Yanping County in the book, which is actually the same thing.

He was named Queen of Yanping and asked him to go to other places to recruit troops to resist the Qing army. When the Qing army marched south, Zheng Zhilong's hooligan nature broke out, and he surrendered the emperor to the Qing Dynasty.At that time, Zheng Chenggong was training troops in other places, so he didn't know about it.When the news came, Zheng Chenggong vomited blood and passed out. After waking up, he ordered people to erect a banner in the barracks, and wrote four words, killing his father and serving the country.Loyalty and filial piety cannot be both, but loyalty to the country is righteousness, so I have to be loyal to the country, kill my father to serve the country, and break with my father.His father was valued by the Qing court at the beginning, and he was made a duke, and then he was asked to write letters to Zheng Chenggong, urging Zheng Chenggong to surrender.Every time Zheng Chenggong read his father's letter, he tore up the letter and beheaded the emissary. Several times in a row, the court lost patience and killed his father, basically their entire family.

In this way, Zheng Chenggong will have no worries. Anyway, aren't you just blackmailing me with my father?Now that my father is dead, that's fine, so let's start a massive counterattack.It is said that when Zheng Chenggong was the most powerful, he joined forces with Zhu Yihai, the King of Lu in Zhejiang Province, and marched to Nanjing. An army of 170,000 troops reached Nanjing. Nanjing is the old capital of the Ming Dynasty.I went to Xiaolingwei to offer sacrifices to Ming Taizu. At that time, Zheng Chenggong was in high spirits, and all the soldiers in the army wore white filial piety. He was about to fight across the Yangtze River, but he fell into the plan of the Governor of Liangjiang in the Qing Dynasty to delay his troops.The governor of Liangjiang said that I can surrender, and I am also Han, but according to the military law of our Qing Dynasty, if I surrender after defending the city for 99 days, my family members will not be killed, so you wait for me.Zheng Chenggong was soft-hearted, so he just waited, this time, he took advantage of the night to rob the camp, and as a result, the 170,000 army was basically wiped out.

Zheng Chenggong fled back to the two small islands of Kinmen and Xiamen, the bases along the coast of Fujian.Today Xiamen is our special zone, while Kinmen is still guarded by Taiwan.These two small islands are not enough to feed one hundred thousand soldiers and civilians.At this time, people from Taiwan asked Guo Xingye to send troops to take back Taiwan and save the people of Taiwan.Zheng Chenggong was very happy, and he resolutely led a thousand warships and 20,000 troops across the sea, and took Taiwan back at once. The third point is that the grandparents of the Zheng family developed agriculture and business in Taiwan, promoted culture and education, and protected the environment and the people.

The descendants of the Zheng family not only recovered Taiwan, but crucially, he also built Taiwan.Hundreds of thousands of mainlanders immigrated to Taiwan. Chen Shui-bian and his family moved there later than that. He moved there in the 18th century. His family originally came from Xianyou, Fujian.After Zheng's governance, Taiwan developed. But the problem came again. Zheng Chenggong regained Taiwan and established a base for anti-Qing and Ming Dynasty.So the format is very much the same as it is today.At that time, the whole country was under the Qing Dynasty, and only Taiwan was under the Ming Dynasty.He did not enshrine Zhengshuo of the Qing Dynasty, but still used the reign name of Yongli in Nanming. Emperor Yongli was strangled to death, and he still used the reign name of Yongli.Among the five small courts of the Ming Dynasty, the last one was King Lu Zhu Yihai. The King Lu regime drifted to Taiwan, but it is said that he was also put under house arrest by the Zheng family. In fact, it was the Zheng family who occupied Taiwan and ruled Taiwan as King Yanping.

The imperial court sent people to negotiate and surrender several times.Negotiations are the same as the policy we proposed today, one country, two systems, as long as Taiwan is invited to rectify, shave its hair and change its yuan and change its clothes, there are only three conditions.Shave your hair, change the yuan, use the Qing Dynasty name, don't you have a long calendar, it must be Kangxi.Yifu, take off your long robe and replace it with our mandarin jacket.Regardless of other things, the descendants of the Zheng family guard Taiwan for generations, the imperial court does not send troops, does not collect taxes, and the judicial power does not need to go to Beijing, just like what we mentioned.

After Zheng Chenggong took back Taiwan, he died of illness within half a year. His son Zheng Jing succeeded to the throne.Because your Taiwan is Chinese territory, which is different from North Korea and Vietnam.North Korea and Vietnam are also Chinese territories in history, but after all, they have been separated very early.North Korea was separated during the Han Dynasty, and Vietnam was separated during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. It is a fait accompli, and this Taiwan cannot do.Therefore, you have to pay tribute according to foreign practices such as North Korea and Vietnam, which is unacceptable to this court.

Since you can't talk, you can only fight. After Zheng Chenggong recovered Taiwan, Taiwan experienced three generations of Zheng Chenggong, Zheng Jing, and Zheng Keshuang under the rule of Zheng's descendants.Zheng Jing raised troops to respond during the San Francisco Rebellion, but was defeated by the imperial court. Not to mention the defeat, even Kinmen and Xiamen were lost, which meant that he could not gain a foothold on the coast.The Qing court ordered Shi Lang to march into Taiwan. Taiwan was incorporated into the territory of the Qing Dynasty, and Shi Lang was Zheng Chenggong's general.Back then, he offended Zheng Chenggong and was copied and beheaded by Zheng's family.So he surrendered to the Qing Dynasty alone, never forgetting to take back Taiwan, and loyal to the Qing court.Later, after he took back Taiwan, the first thing he did when he arrived on the island of Taiwan was to pay homage to Zheng Chenggong's mausoleum, that is, to worship the ancestor king.You killed my whole family back then, and I don't hold grudges.The descendants of the Zheng family were all terrified. The previous king killed his whole family. If he wins the battle, our Zheng family must be exterminated.Because Zheng Keshuang was 11 or 12 years old at the time, the Zheng family must have been wiped out.Unexpectedly, the first thing he did was to pay homage to the mausoleum of the ancestor.And what is particularly touching is that Emperor Kangxi wrote an elegiac couplet for Zheng Chenggong Temple: "There are many different ideas in the four towns, and the two islands stationed teachers, and they dared to fight for half of the southeast; the kings have no land, and they only know that there are lonely loyalties overseas." It means that the four generals of the Ming Dynasty had millions of soldiers, of which Ning Nanbo Zuo Liangyu had 700,000 soldiers. As a result, the Qing army went south and surrendered without a fight.Otherwise, with the wealth in the south of the Yangtze River, half of the mountains and rivers, and millions of troops, the conditions are much better than when Song Gaozong first created the Southern Song Dynasty.The Southern Song Dynasty lasted for 150 to 60 years, how could it be wiped out so quickly, just because the four towns have so many different ideas.Only Zheng Chenggong stationed troops on the two islands, Kinmen and Xiamen, who dared to fight for half of the southeast.The kings have no land, and your five small courts, King Fu, Tang Wang, Gui Wang, and Lu Wang have no land.If you fight against your will in one corner, you will know that there are lonely loyalties overseas.Only a corner of Taiwan resisted the Qing Dynasty, proving that there are lone loyalties overseas.It means that the emperor of the Qing Dynasty spoke highly of Zheng Chenggong's anti-Qing behavior.It is said that this is a typical sinner who resists the reunification of the motherland. Wait to be liberated by us!As a result, you can see the atmosphere of Emperor Kangxi from what the emperor thinks. After Taiwan was taken back, most of the Qing court officials advocated giving up, emptying the land, and moving all the above people back to the mainland.Of course, when the Han people moved back, other tribes would do whatever they wanted, and they would fend for themselves.Empty land, don't want that place, we can't manage that place, it's wild and smoky, it's not worth managing it.Most ministers are this suggestion. There are also ministers who advocate renting it to the Netherlands for one hundred thousand taels of silver a year, so Zheng Chenggong will do it for nothing.At this time, only Shi Lang resisted all opinions and insisted on taking Taiwan back.Taiwan is the gateway to the seven provinces in the southeast. If Taiwan is not protected, the southeast will be shaken.The southeast is also the main source of fiscal revenue for the imperial court. If the southeast is not guaranteed, it will shake the foundation of the country.So in the end, the Emperor Shengzu made a decision, saying that Taiwan is determined by the sea, the sea is determined by the southeast, and the southeast is determined by the world, so Taiwan must be taken back. It is the same with us today.Taiwan is our only province facing the Pacific Ocean. Taking back Taiwan means that we have rushed out of the first island chain and truly entered the ocean, so that our navy can become a foreign army. Otherwise, it is just a navy and can only splash in the sea. All the main straits that enter the ocean are blocked by others. In 1684, the Qing Dynasty established the Taiwan Government, which was under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province.At that time, Taiwan was not a separate province, but a prefecture, which was under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province. After the Sino-French War in 1885, the province was established. The first governor of Taiwan was Liu Mingchuan, so please governor Liu Mingchuan. It was already very late in 1885. At that time, there were one prefecture and three counties, which were under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province. General Zhang Xueliang later commented on Zheng Chenggong in a poem: "A rebellious son, a lone minister, a naive Confucian, filled with righteousness and resisted the powerful Hu. How can Fenggong be in respecting Mingshuo and ensuring that Taiwan enters the territory." After he was taken back, the Qing Dynasty took it from him again. return.This is justifiable, ensuring that Taiwan enters the territory. Then there is the foreign relations of the Northeast. Yaksa strikes back. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the main force of the Qing army entered the pass, leaving the Northeast empty.Russia took the opportunity to occupy Yaksa and Nerchinsk.Russia originally did not border our country, but successive tsars continued to expand. They seemed to like war and expansion, and they had a special attachment to land.The key is that after occupying the land, he didn't keep it well, didn't build it well, and just blindly expanded.Especially at that time, Siberia was an uninhabited area, so they sent expeditions to explore.The expedition team is composed of murderers, arsonists, horse thieves, and rapists. Are you serving your sentence or going on an expedition?Then of course they are willing to explore. A little hooligan named Boyakov led 70 hooligans into China to explore.That was in 1643, the year before Daqing entered the customs.As a result, this Boyakov came in with more than 70 hooligans. Before he met the army, he was shot by Oroqen hunters with random arrows, and half of them were shot to death.The rest were trapped in the ice and snow and had nothing to eat. If they had nothing to eat, they ate people, eating the corpses of their companions and the Chinese killed by them.The Chinese are terrified by seeing the corpses left over from what they eat, what is this?Cannibalism?So Russia is called the country of Rakshasa, and the Russians are called Rakshasa people.When Emperor Sejong Yongzheng was in power, Russian missions were in Beijing, and they built Orthodox churches.This church is called the Luocha Temple, and it is located at the location of today's Dongzhimen Russian Embassy, ​​which is the largest embassy in the world. When the Qing army entered the customs, there were a total of one hundred thousand Manchurians, and 80 to 90% of the people entered the customs.The Qing Dynasty was very unconfident. During the Qing Dynasty's rule, the Northeast was almost no man's land.No one cares about it, and Han people are not allowed to go to the Northeast, because the Qing Dynasty is worried that I will have to return one day.If I can't stand in the Central Plains, I will return.If it is returned, it cannot be said that the Northeast is completely occupied by the Han people, so I will steal chickens and lose money.In this way, the no-man's land deliberately created by the government was later taken advantage of by Russia, and it was all taken up.After occupying it, wait until the Qing Dynasty's own affairs are almost resolved, and ask him to withdraw. If you don't withdraw, I will give you something to try. Emperor Kangxi ordered the Qing army to attack the Yaksa Russian army twice, and Russia was forced to agree to negotiate. In the two marches in 1685 and 1686, the Qing Dynasty was a sledgehammer.For the first time, the Russian army was 800, and our army was 15,000.The second time the Russian army was 2,000, and the Qing army was 30,000.Going down the river, let you see what is a big country, what is a kingdom of heaven, and Russia is finally helpless.Because its main power is in Europe and not in the Far East, it has no choice but to negotiate with the Qing Dynasty. In this negotiation, China and Russia signed the first Sino-Russian border treaty "Nerchinsk Treaty" after equal negotiations.It is legally affirmed that the Heilongjiang and Ussuri River basins, including Sakhalin Island, are all Chinese territory. According to the Sino-Russian Treaty of Nerchinsk, the eastern section of the border between China and Russia is bounded by the Geerbiqi River, the Ergun River and the Outer Xing'an Mountains, east of the Geerbiqi River and the Ergun River , the south of Xing'an Mountains belongs to China.To the west of these two rivers and to the north of the Outer Xing'an Mountains belongs to Russia.So according to this division, you can clearly see that Heilongjiang is completely an inland river in China, just like the Yellow River, Yangtze River, and Huaihe River, and it has become the boundary river between the two countries today.Russia called it the Amur River, but it actually belonged to China at that time. The Outer Xing'an Mountains are called the Stanov Mountains today, and they belonged to China at that time.Sakhalin Island is called Sakhalin Island, which is also part of China.At that time, the Qing Dynasty set up a deputy capital with three surnames in Miaotun to govern Sakhalin Island.The vice capital of the three surnames only sent people to the island to see it once in 50 years.When I went to the island, I found that there were Russians in the north and Japanese in the south, which meant that all the unowned wasteland was occupied by others.Today, the oil reserves on the island are quite rich, covering 71,000 square kilometers, equivalent to the size of Taiwan and Hainan plus one piece. In other words, during the reign of the Qing Dynasty, our Northeast region was also close to the sea.At that time, Northeast China was surrounded by two seas, one was the Sea of ​​Japan and the other was the Sea of ​​Okhotsk.Now the estuary to the sea is completely in the hands of Russia, and the Northeast will not be able to go out to sea.If we want to go to sea from the northeast, we have to use the Russian waterway. Once it is closed, you will not be able to get out.The mouth of the Ussuri River is in Russia, only 12 kilometers away from us.Let's go 12 kilometers further and we can enter the sea.All these places are now Russian.It belonged to Chinese territory in history, so we must know that according to the Sino-Russian "Nerchinsk Treaty", the Heilongjiang and Ussuri Rivers are all our inland rivers.Today is the boundary river, but it was an inland river back then. Therefore, after the death of Emperor Kangxi, the temple name was Shengzu, the emperor's temple name, the founder of the country was called the ancestor, and the guardian was called the ancestor.Emperor Kangxi "named Shoucheng, but actually created it." These places were brought back by Emperor Kangxi, including Mongolia.He is an emperor through the ages, and he got it back.This is what we are talking about, that is, how the Qing Dynasty governed these areas in terms of ethnic relations and foreign relations. The territory of the Qing Dynasty was very vast. The territory of the Qin Dynasty stretched from the Great Wall in the north, the South China Sea in the south, Longxi in the west, and the sea in the east.In the Tang Dynasty, it went to the sea in the east. This has not changed, and there is no mention of the north. In the northeast, it goes to the Outer Xing'an Mountains and Sakhalin Island.From the south to the South China Sea, this has not changed, and from the west to the Aral Sea.In the Qing Dynasty, it was no longer four points, and there were four points in the Qin and Tang dynasties. At this time, it is not four points, but seven points.The territory of the Qing Dynasty stretched north to Siberia.In fact, the "Treaty of Nerchinsk" is an unequal treaty, and we have made great concessions.Like the original Lake Baikal, it is all in China, and Lake Baikal is the place where Su Wu herded sheep. Since the beginning of the world, no one has disturbed his peace except Su Wu who washed sheep there.With a depth of 1291 meters, Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake in the world, and it is no problem for the whole world to drink it for 60 years.It is purely natural and pollution-free. If this place is in our hands now, if we get a pipe to lead to Beijing, why are we still in such a miserable state?Open it up and sell it out. Do countries like Saudi Arabia want water?A bottle of mineral water, ten barrels of gasoline will come, our gasoline is so cheap now!Thirty cents a liter can be added at will, and Beijing residents can provide it with proof.It's a pity that the place is now occupied by the Russians to burn firewood. Such a thick log, one ax in two halves, and two axes in four halves, were filled in the stove and used as firewood.Our furniture is made of sawdust, and the sawdust after rubbing is pressed into boards.Solid wood furniture is very expensive. A simple solid wood table from IKEA costs five or six hundred.People in Russia use solid wood as firewood, and the resources are too rich.You play it a try, so I can only express regret. We can only imagine if this place is in our hands. As far as Siberia in the north and South China Sea islands in the south, we not only go to the sea, but even the islands in the sea are ours. There are Zhongsha, Xisha, and Dongsha, but there is no Beisha.Today, Xisha is completely in China, and Dongsha and Zhongsha are stationed by the "national army", but there is a possibility of abandoning them at any time.A-bian had been thinking of giving up at that time, but the KMT probably wouldn't.The Nansha Islands now belong to six countries and seven parties, and Taiping Island, the main island, is in the hands of the "National Army". Then we occupied some small reefs, which can be exposed at low tide and disappear at high tide, and some small reefs were covered. High corner house.Then there are Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei. Counting our six countries and seven parties occupying the Nansha Islands, the oil extracted from us in a year alone is as high as 100 million tons. Why not drive them all away and kick them into the sea one by one?Because you don't think it is a weak country, there are big powers behind it, and that place is too far away for China to reach.The Nansha Islands are 600 kilometers away from Vietnam and more than 2,000 kilometers away from Hainan Island.You say you build an aircraft carrier to beat it, it's not worth it. So at that time, it went to Siberia in the north, the South China Sea Islands in the south, the Pacific Ocean in the east, Congling in the west, and Lake Balkhash in the northwest. Today this place is Kazakhstan; , the southeast is to the Diaoyu Islands in Penghu, Taiwan.We have to specifically mention that this place was ours at the time, and we probably didn't take it seriously at the time.Now it’s hard to say, now that you say it’s yours, there’s no one above you, and you can’t handle it.Unlike Dokdo in South Korea, they are really motivated, and we can't do that like the Koreans, because the face is not as good as the belly. So this is the 25th year of Qianlong, 1750 AD, when China's territory reached its peak, the area was about 13 million square kilometers.This is very fixed. It is not like the territory of those dynasties in the Tang Dynasty, which existed for a while and disappeared for a while, and it was fixed at this time.I am only this big, every inch of land is ours, and no one can take it by force.It was gradually lost in modern times.In the 25th year of Qianlong's reign, this territory had already been established, with a size of 13 million square kilometers.This is what we call the territory of the Qing Dynasty. The territory and territory of China were established by the Qing Dynasty. It is difficult to manage such a large place, so the Qing Dynasty divided the whole country into 18 provinces, 5 generals, two ministers, a total of 25 provincial administrative regions and Mongolian Banner, and the whole country was divided into 18 provinces. There is no Ningxia in 18 provinces.Ningxia was connected with Gansu at that time, so there was no Ningxia.Set up a governor for each province to exercise jurisdiction.The governor of two or three provinces or one province shall set up a governor, and a governor shall be appointed above the governor.There were 8 governors in total in the Qing Dynasty, Liangjiang, Liangguang, Huguang, Shaanxi-Gansu, Fujian and Zhejiang, Zhili, Sichuan, and Yunnan-Guizhou were a total of 8 governors. The governor of Liangjiang is the richest, because Liangjiang is the largest, and Liangjiang is the three provinces of Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and Anhui.Both Zhili and Sichuan are only one province.Zhili is because it is too important.One province in Sichuan is worth several other provinces.There are no governors in Shandong, Shanxi, and Henan, only governors.In addition, everyone knows this general jurisdiction area. The two general jurisdiction areas mentioned earlier are General Yili and Uliasutai.The three generals' jurisdictions were Hei, Ji, and Liao. Liao was called Shengjing at that time.Heilongjiang, Jilin and Shengjing.After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, Shengjing still maintained a set of bureaucratic institutions. Generally, they sent off officials who were about to retire, had nothing to do, or were frustrated in political struggles. Entering a nursing home is equivalent to the end of political life.Shengjing is also known as Fengtian Mansion, Beijing is Shuntian Mansion, and Fu Yin is a third rank. At that time, there were only two counties in Beijing, Daxing and Wanping, plus Chengde and Qufu. These four county magistrates were sixth rank and had a relatively high status. Then the central government set up the Lifan Academy, and the Lifan Academy set up ministers and ministers to take charge of minority affairs.This must be done by the Manchu and Mongolian nobles, not the Han people. In history, there are very few foreign wars in China, and it probably fought one war with Arabia.That doesn't count with Goryeo. Goryeo is a place in China, and the war is fought in the northeast.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, foreign wars began. Therefore, it can be seen that the characteristics of its foreign relations during the Ming and Qing Dynasties were economic and cultural exchanges.Now books such as "Silver Capital" and "The Great Divergence" say that Chinese farmers were the richest farmers at that time, much richer than European farmers.As soon as we wrote in our book, Chinese peasants were poor, poor peasants, and unable to buy handicraft products.That is today, not the Qing Dynasty. The book said that China's foreign trade accounted for less than 3%.China uses half of the world's silver, 120,000 tons of silver in the world, and 60,000 tons in China.China is a silver-poor country. China does not produce silver at all, and all silver comes from outside, from Latin America.If our foreign trade accounts for such a small proportion of our fiscal revenue, how rich we are!Earn six or seven million taels a year from England just by tea?In fact, this is not the case. At that time, foreign trade was still very active and the volume was large, but the policy of the imperial court was to retreat, but the volume was large.So there are exchanges of envoys, cultural exchanges, these things. Plus, there's war.The war of aggression and anti-aggression. The first thing is the return of envoys, and Zheng He's voyage to the West. The purpose of Zheng He's voyages was to promote the country's prestige, strengthen ties with overseas countries, and satisfy the ruler's demand for exotic treasures and special products.Cheng Zu sent Zheng He to the West, and it was a shame to put it bluntly.Chengzu's throne came at a wrong time. He robbed Emperor Jianwen and Zhu Di, so he always felt ashamed.The first thing after Cheng Zu succeeded to the throne was to arrest Fang Xiaoru, Zhu Di's great counselor. Fang Xiaoru gave the idea of ​​cutting down the feudal clan.Sir, I am now the emperor, and you wrote me a succession letter, but Fang Xiaoru flatly refused.Chengzu said, this is our family's business, can you control it?You are such a stubborn person, we are all surnamed Zhu, anyway, it is not your turn to be fooled by your surname, who is your allegiance to?You did this because Duke Zhou Zuo Chengwang, but Fang Xiaoru asked, where is King Cheng?King Cheng was burned to death.Later, Cheng Zu said that you don't care, so you wrote me a marsh book, but what he wrote was "Swallow thief usurps self-reliance".Chengzu cut off his nose, and asked him to write again after cutting off, and then wrote "Swallow thief usurps self-reliance" and cut off his ears.Cut off the ear and write again, it is still "the swallow thief usurped and became self-reliant".Chengzu said, aren't you afraid that I will destroy your nine clans?He said you destroyed my ten clans, and I wrote the same.In the end, the ten clans were exterminated, which is very rare in Chinese history, and even his students were killed.Whoever was taught by Fang Xiaoru will be killed. Starting from Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, the whole family inheritance is very poor, all of them are psychopaths, a group of short-lived ghosts, it is extremely absurd.After the general guarding Jinan was arrested, Chengzu steamed his nose and ears for him to eat, and asked him if it was delicious, and replied that the meat of loyal ministers and righteous men was of course delicious, and then the car cracked, and all the family members confiscated him as an official prostitute.After he died, he reported to Chengzu and issued an order: "Drag it out, eat it with dogs, hereby." You see, all the imperial edicts in the Forbidden City are kept!He thought, if my throne is not right, I have to let overseas countries know me and recognize me.Let overseas countries enshrine Zhengshuo.You have to use our year name, which is Fengzhengshuo. Look at North Korea, it doesn't have its own reign name, it uses the Chinese reign name.No matter how many years our Wanli is, it is also how many years Wanli is, and how many years our Guangxu is, it is also how many years Guangxu.So with the Chinese reign name, it is called Fengzheng Shuo, and you cannot have your own reign name.In order to let people know himself, Ming Chengzu sent Zheng He out to do this.According to historical records, "Cheng Zu suspected that Emperor Hui died overseas" and suspected that Emperor Jianwen had run away. In fact, Emperor Jianwen became a monk and became a monk. He lived until the Zhengtong period of Ming Yingzong, when Ming Yingzong found Emperor Jianwen.According to the theory of seniority, Emperor Jianwen should be Yingzong's grandfather.Because Chengzu was followed by Renzong, Xuanzong, and Yingzong, it should be the same generation as Renzong, which is equivalent to Yingzong's grandfather. He lived to be more than 70 years old before dying, but Chengzu suspected that he had gone overseas. "I want to trace him, and I want to show off my troops to foreign lands and show China's prosperity." To find him, and to boast that China is rich, Zheng He was sent to the West seven times, and the farthest reached the coast of the Red Sea and East Africa. coastal. Comments on Zheng He. The first point is an unprecedented active diplomacy in Chinese history, more than half a century earlier than European navigators.The problem is that Mr. Liang Qichao said that after Columbus in the West, countless Columbuses followed, and after Zheng He in China, there is no Zheng He.Why is it that after Columbus in the West, there are countless successors of Columbus?Come for the money!Why is there no more Zheng He in China after Zheng He?Costly. 6 million taels of silver, the treasury was squandered. Second, the purpose of Zheng He's voyages was not to develop overseas trade, regardless of economic benefits, which caused a huge burden on the Ming Dynasty.Seven voyages to the West, with 6 million taels of silver spent, Zheng He was a money-spreader, giving away money wherever he went.As long as you Feng Zhengshuo, see if there is any money, silk or bottles on my boat.So you have to Feng Zhengshuo, the Chinese envoy put down the decree "By heaven, the emperor said", the chief knelt on the ground and laughed, your emperor is the boss, shit!Allah is the boss.But I saw that the boat was carrying things down!Boss!When Zheng He came, all countries rushed to pay tribute to China.China is thick and thin, Huairou is far away, you give me a tribute, I will pay you back 10 yuan, who will not come!In the end, China had to order, don't come every day, I can't stand it.North Korea, Vietnam, and Ryukyu pay a tribute every year.You ask North Korea to come once a year, and he can come four times. When he comes to give some rags or something, the emperor will return gold, silver and treasures. Then his mission comes, and they start selling Korean ginseng. By the way earn a fortune. Because North Korea, Vietnam, and Ryukyu are of the same species and language as China, they are almost the same country, so the three countries pay a tribute every year.In countries like Thailand, once in eight years is over.It takes eight years in Myanmar and once in 25 years in Afghanistan. Don’t be too old, your beard is never washed, and the smell of mutton has smoked the emperor.So Zheng He's voyages to the West were a waste of money to do this.When Chengzu went there six times, Renzong died ten months after succeeding to the throne, and Xuanzong went down again after succeeding to the throne, and then this thing could not be done.In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, when the Jiajing emperor who made alchemy, the national power declined, some ministers suggested that in order to show off the national prestige, follow the story of the Sanbao eunuch, and let's go to the West again.Liu Daxia, Shangshu of the Ministry of War, rushed into the archives of the Ministry of War, picked up the charts and drawings of Zheng He's voyages to the West, and burned them.Because this matter has harmed the country and the people, it must not be done again.So I don't know how Zheng He's voyages took place today.I don't know what kind of ship it was. It is said that Zheng He's ship was more than a hundred feet long and a dozen feet wide. If it was really that big, it would be equivalent to an aircraft carrier.You think it is 64 feet long, 18 feet wide, and one foot is three meters. If you do the math, it will be a light aircraft carrier. Don't talk about it, this thing can't be done anymore, it's too expensive.Moreover, a group of countries Feng Zhengshuo called you the boss, and you still have to cover it. When Spain and Portugal bully it, it begs you to protect it. You say you don’t care?Small countries like Malacca are begging you.Let's get some rhinos, elephants, giraffes, pearls, enrich the royal jewelry box and the royal zoo, and we'll just pull out 6 million taels of silver. You see, Columbus and Vasco da Gama don’t have anything. The brothers pooled their money to build a small broken ship and bring back a piece of Latin America, which fully demonstrates the value of going to sea. Therefore, after Zheng He's voyages to the West, this matter could not be done, and he was not allowed to go to sea.If you don’t go to sea, others will come, the Japanese will come, and at that time they were called Japanese pirates. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Japanese samurai merchants and pirates harassed the coast of our country and were called Japanese pirates.This Japanese country followed China during the Tang Dynasty and fully imitated Tang Hua.As a result, as soon as it imitated, the two key things did not learn from China. One is the eunuch system and the other is the imperial examination system. Once the body is in good health, the child born will also be energetic.It's good not to learn from eunuchs, but if you don't take academic exams, this is a big trouble.The imperial examination system is used to select talents to become officials. Japan does not have an imperial examination system, which means that its officials are all hereditary. This later posed a serious threat to the central dynasty.The Emperor of Japan has not been in power for even two hundred years, and its power has fallen into the hands of the Fujiwara family.The Fujiwara family has served as the regent and Guanbai for generations, which is equivalent to the prime minister, and started Japan's Shuguan politics for more than two hundred years.During the time of Zhengguan politics, the local princes came together and established manors.Manors need people to defend them, and these people are warriors. The more warriors are in demand, the more powerful they become. In 1192 AD, Minamoto Yoritomo, the leader of the Japanese samurai, forced the emperor to appoint him as a general who conquered barbarians and established the shogunate. Japan began the shogunate era.The first shogunate was called the Kamakura shogunate, located in the Kamakura area not far from today's Tokyo.When Kublai Khan attacked Japan, he dealt with the Kamakura shogunate.The Emperor of Japan has become a decoration. The period from 1192 to 1333 was the era of the Shogunate, and 1333 happened to be the Yuan Dynasty in China, that is, it started from the Southern Song Dynasty in 1192 in China and ended in the Yuan Dynasty.This shogunate was short, and then Japan entered the era of the Northern and Southern Dynasties.Because the Japanese emperor was dissatisfied with the fall of power, he took advantage of the decline of the Kamakura shogunate to fight against the Kamakura shogunate, and then the Kamakura shogunate perished.During the demise of the Kamakura shogunate, the general of the Kamakura shogunate, Ashikaga Takashi, established the Muromachi shogunate, and this Muromachi shogunate supported another emperor, which meant that the emperors on both sides fought against each other, forming the Southern and Northern Dynasties of Japan. This time corresponds to the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty. Many defeated warriors, merchants and pirates began to harass the coast of China.It's just that China's national power was strong at that time, and these pirates were quickly beaten back.By the time of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, the third general of the Muromachi shogunate, the unification of Japan was completed.Then the Ming Dynasty made Ashikaga Yoshimitsu the king of Japan.None of us know that there is an emperor in Japan. When Yoshimitsu Ashikaga wrote a letter to the emperor of China, he also wrote it as "the king of Japan Minato Yoshimitsu". Ashikaga Yoshimitsu publicly executed dozens of Japanese pirates in Nagasaki, Japan.In this case, the Japanese pirates will disappear.It turned out that at the end of the Muromachi shogunate, the Muromachi shogunate was unstable, and Japan entered the Warring States Period.If you look at games released in Japan today, they all talk about the Warring States Period, the era when heroes were born in large numbers. Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Takeda Shingen are all those people.Japan entered the Warring States Period. Japan, which was originally a small country, was divided into 66 small countries to fight, not including Hokkaido, only Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, where 66 countries fought.Those who were defeated ran to harass the coast of China.The Warring States Period was equivalent to the end of the Ming Dynasty in China. At this time, the national power of the Ming Dynasty had declined and was unable to fight against Japanese pirates. Therefore, Japanese pirates were rampant, from Shandong in the north to Guangdong in the south. The second reason at this time is that in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial court mistakenly believed that "the Japanese plague originated from the ship, so it was dismissed."Private overseas trade was heavily regulated.朝廷认为倭寇是因为私人海外贸易给招来的，所以倭寇在我们今天看起来，史学家现在新的观点看法，他可能更像是一种武装走私集团，谈不上日本侵略军。首先他们就不是日本政府的行为，这个要弄请楚。有的人为了煽动中日民间仇恨，说日本历史上就侵略过中国，比如说倭寇。那个不算，不是政府组织的，况且当时日本也没政府，66国正忙着打仗呢！哪有工夫骚扰中国，没事骚扰你干吗，所以那都是私人行为。另外，现在很多史学家看，这不是侵略战争，可能就是一种武装走私，走私不了，能卖我就卖，卖不着我就抢。后来可能一看，能抢，我干吗带东西来，我就直接抢就完了。所以这一抢，朝廷认为，倭患起于市舶，遂罢之。 问题是你这一罢更麻烦了。福建、浙江，今天你到国外看，最多的就是这两省人，他从唐朝就偷渡，你不让他偷渡有天理吗？我那个地方我不偷渡，我没法活。全是山，全是盐碱地，你让我种地，种个毛。地狭人稠，我不偷渡出去怎么办？我爷爷的爷爷的爷爷的时候就在东南亚谋生，那会儿要什么护照、签证，现在你跟我要签证，有天理吗？他们历来如此，现在你不让他出海，那他没法活。我以海为田，以船为家，你让我种地不会，从来没学过，再说这盐碱滩种什么能长？我只有打鱼贩卖，所以你不让我出海，我想来想去，你的意思就是逼我当倭寇。 这样一来在倭寇里面，就形成了两分真倭，八分假倭，或者一分真倭，九分假倭。十个倭寇里面九个是中国人。那个时候你要记住，谈不上汉奸，是日奸，日本人是给中国人打工的。那会儿日本不如我们，不是说我当倭寇就成了汉奸，而是我雇小日本去给我做买卖去，杀人越货，我干这个。中国人等于就是老板，真正倭寇的头目，汪直、徐海全都是中国人，汪直是安徽的，但是巢穴安在日本的平户岛。倭寇的巢穴在日本，老大都是中国人。 因为日本倭寇武艺高强，所以我中国倭寇雇用他们来帮我敛财，这才组成了那种组织，最后倭寇里有渔民，有落第的书生，有老科举考不上的倒霉蛋，有退休的官员，什么人都有。一帮日本人又不会说中国话，怎么抢，所以大部分是中国人的倭寇集团到中国来才熟门熟路，哪儿有钱，哪儿兵力防守虚弱，都有人勾结。 在这种混乱的情况下，出现了一个牛人，戚继光。 戚继光这个人牛，牛到什么程度？他们家建立明朝有功。世袭山东省烟台市城防司令，他17岁就担任了这个职务。17岁登州卫都指挥佥事，烟台城防司令，然后他站在城墙上眺望大海、心潮澎湃：“云护牙鉴满，星寒宝剑横。封侯非我意，但愿海波平。”你封我当官我不觉得高兴，只要国家稳定四海安宁我才爽。所以朝廷一看，满足你的要求，你不愿意当抗倭嘛，你去吧！18岁还没成人宣誓，就以参将衔赴浙江抗倭。第一仗就给戚继光上了一课，3000明军对阵800倭寇，倭寇冲来，明军一哄而散，就剩戚继光一个人了。3000人跟倭寇说好了似的，一二三——闪就把戚继光一人撂那儿了，戚继光赶紧爬上一块巨石，连发三箭，击毙三名倭酋，倭寇散去。这家伙不好惹，别理他，散吧。 戚继光一看，这个气哟！明军一无所用，没有任何战斗力。其实也不能怪他们，因为他们都是农民，农民主要都是插秧种地。明太祖特高兴，说朕养兵百万，不费百姓一粒米。你那是个屁兵啊！兵就得吃皇粮，你哪能让他自个儿养猪办宾馆，弄个歌舞团让他演去。你哪能干这个，坦克给人挖煤，鱼雷艇拉着游客，哪能干这个。军队要自己养活自己，军工厂生产冰箱摩托那还能成？所以你是养兵百万，不费百姓一粒米是扯淡，边境三分守城，七分种地，内地两分守城，八分种地，整个一帮穿军装的农民。 日本倭寇是武士。刀法精熟，训练有素。就那个日本刀，削咱那个铁片刀，砍你一百个都没事儿，宝刀东出日本国，那都是精钢打造。所以戚继光一瞅，这个兵不能用，我自个儿招。自己招兵在当时是很冒风险的，明朝跟宋朝是完全沿袭下来的，你哪能自己招兵，得向朝廷汇报。戚继光招兵，招沿海的渔民、矿工，尤其要有劲儿的，最好家里有人被倭寇杀害的，这样的人我一定招你。招募完军队组成戚家军，然后对抗倭寇。 倭寇武艺高强，刀法精熟，单兵作战能力奇强，二战的时候日军也是一样，精于白刃战。你一个一个打，上来就是送死，所以咱们最好的办法是一拥而上，以多打少，十二人一小队，组成鸳鸯阵。倭寇不懂阵法，打仗跟打架似的，拍马过来，来将通名，它还这么着呢！谁跟你通名，一枪崩下来就完了。所以12人一小队就上，小队的第一个不会武艺没关系，有劲就行。拿着一个几丈长的大竹竿子，这个竹竿子叫狼筅，抡圆了保护后面。江南多的是这玩意儿，枝枝杈杈都不切下去，还尖上抹上毒药，挑破一点皮，你小子蹬腿吐白沫沫。我这个大竹竿几丈长，你那个日本太刀也就三尺。竹子又滑，你又不好切，劈断一半，我还是你的四倍长，再劈断一半，一劈形成一个缺口，一扎进去你还有命吗？所以前面拿一个大竹竿，后面长枪、弓箭、短刀，长以救短，短以救长，这个都是戚继光琢磨出来的。 中国古代十大兵书，有两本是戚继光写的，《练兵实纪》和《纪效新书》。孙子不就是一个《孙子兵法》嘛？李靖就是一个《李卫公问对》。岳飞都没有，什么《武穆遗书》，那是小说胡扯。结果十大兵书戚继光写了俩，够文武双全的，而且后来朝廷就调戚继光来防备蒙古，因为明朝当时是北虏南倭之祸，北京这边的长城全都是戚继光修的。戚继光自己说，“南北驱驰报主情，江花边草笑平生，一年三百六十日，都是横戈马上行”，所以他堪称是明朝第一名将，平定了倭寇，属于民族英雄。 1553年，葡萄牙殖民者租占了澳门。葡萄牙一开始说，它是来给咱中国皇帝进贡的，结果进贡的货物被海水打湿了，上岸晾晾。咱说不同意，他说我就要一块牛皮那么大的地方。中国官员一想，一块牛皮能有多大，你的货物也太少了，那你来吧！结果人家连夜把牛皮给剪了，剪成线，搓成细绳，上岸一围，就这么大地方。中国人一看傻眼了，但是那会儿是很讲信用的，要搁今天，这事儿不会发生。谁答应你的，有合同吗？有合同拿来一撕，不就完了嘛！咱们祖宗就吃了说话算数的亏了。那会儿葡萄牙人这么一弄一撕，就要这么大一块地方。中国说我答应你，君无戏言，君子也无戏言，你就来晒吧！晒完了之后，他跟咱们说了，以后我们老得给你皇上进贡啊，老存在货物被弄湿的事儿，干脆这个地方你就租给我得了，一年500两银子。中国官员一想，就这个破地方，兔子都不拉屎，都见不到人的地方，一年500两银子，行，租给你，但是主权在中国。这是我租给你，我是房主，你给我房租，然后主权是我的。一直到1849年主权都是我的，要不然雅克萨都收回来了，那个地方能收不回来？ 其实朝廷并不在乎这500两银子，只不过是因为那能了解西洋，比如说自鸣钟、怀表、鼻烟这些东西，这玩意儿能从那给弄来，有个落脚的地方好便于了解，弄明白点儿西洋的情况。包括林则徐睁眼看世界，得到夷书，夷书就是从澳门来的。跟咱们1949年不收回香港的作用是一样的，所以朝廷不收回也有点儿用那个地方的意思。所谓的主权在我手里，也就是说从1153年到1849年，澳门其实并不是殖民地，归香山县丞管辖。香山县就是中山市，香山县县丞正八品，葡萄牙总督见了香山县县丞，要单腿下跪。他叫总督，咱们给翻译成叫兵头，葡萄牙兵头，见了八品县丞你也得下跪。1849年之后，在英国的支持下，葡萄牙小崽子狗仗人势，狐假虎威把中国人的官员驱逐，捣毁香山县丞的办公署，它就变成了殖民地。咱们过去一说，分开了400多年，400多年的殖民地，不确切，真正的殖民地时间才150年，前面是租界地，被人租出去了。