Chapter 51 7. Jianzhou Jurchens only play the real thing and don’t fool around

After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty was established. First, in the early Ming Dynasty, the Jurchen Jianzhou Department in the Northeast was under the jurisdiction of the Nuergan Dusi.During the Ming Dynasty, the Jurchens were divided into three parts.Haixi Jurchen, Jianzhou Jurchen, Savage Jurchen.The savage Jurchens are the most backward, and the Jianzhou Jurchens are the most civilized. They live in Liaoning, bordering North Korea and the Ming Dynasty, which is next to Greater China and Little China, and have the highest level of civilization.Nurhachi, the leader of Jianzhou Jurchen, is proficient in Chinese, familiar with it, and has a high level of Chinese culture.Their family is the hereditary commander of Jianzhou Weidu, with the seal of General Dragon and Tiger.This is the official title given to them by the Ming Dynasty, and it is a policy of restraint.The young Nurhachi was lonely because his stepmother kicked him out because he didn't want to see him.Later, during the war in the Ming Dynasty, his father and grandfather were killed by mistake.So when he was twenty-five years old, he used the thirteen sets of armor left by his ancestors to set up an army, and gradually unified the Jurchen ministries.

Second, establish the Eight Banners system.The unity of the army and the people is basically the same as the Menganmou restraint mentioned above.One Moke is one hundred households.Ten mokes are one Meng'an, that is to say, one Meng'an is one thousand households.So Meng'an is equivalent to the commander of a thousand commanders, from the fourth rank.Mouke is equivalent to a centurion, from the fifth rank.His Eight Banners system is 300 people per cattle record, with one assistant leader.Then Wuniulu is 1,500 people, one Jiala.Each Jiala set up a leader.There are 7,500 people in Wujiala, forming a solid mountain.Every solid mountain has a unified person.Each Gushan is represented by a flag, four flags are red, yellow, blue and white.Later on this flag was circled, the red flag was bordered with yellow borders, and the other flags were bordered with red borders, forming the bordered four flags and the regular four flags.

In the Qing Dynasty, the bordered yellow flag, Zhenghuang flag and Zhengbai flag were the upper three flags, the Zhenghong flag, bordered white flag, bordered red flag, Zhenglan flag and bordered blue flag were called the lower five flags, the status of the bordered blue flag was the lowest, and the bordered yellow flag status is the highest.So like the guards in the Forbidden City, they must all be descendants of the Three Banners.Later he conquered Mongolia, and Mongolia was incorporated into the Eight Banners, and later conquered many Han people.The Han people before entering the customs were also incorporated into the Eight Banners.So it is actually three eight twenty four flags.Bannermen in the Qing Dynasty were not necessarily Manchus. Bannermen and Han people were not married, and bannermen and Han people could not marry.But the emperor can marry Han Qi, Qianlong's mother is Han Qi.Therefore, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty also had Han blood later.However, it is impossible for the Han Banner to be a queen. The queen must be a Manchu or a Mongol.In this case, the Eight Banners only have a total of 60,000 people.Your last three Eight Banners, including the Han Army Banner, are less than 200,000 people.

Third, this Nurhachi established himself as Khan, the country was named Jin, and he was called Houjin in history.The Kingdom of Jin was established.Because there was already a Jin country in history, this Jin was called Hou Jin, but when he built it, it was called Da Jin.Then, in order to resist the oppression of the nation, he attacked the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Taizu led 20,000 troops to attack the Ming Dynasty with the seven major hatreds, and went to more than 70 cities in Liaodong, so his national power became stronger and stronger.It used to be on the west side of the Liaohe River, but now it occupies the entire Liaohe River, sweeping across the entire Liaodong, basically all the land outside Shanhaiguan was occupied, and then the capital was moved to Shenyang.

After Nurhachi died, Huang Taiji ascended the throne.The name of the clan was changed to Manchuria, the name of the country was changed to Qing, and Huang Taiji was Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty.By the time Huang Taiji arrived, he already had the intention of taking control of the Central Plains.Taking Jin as the country's name is likely to arouse the resentment of the Han people in the Central Plains, so he changed the country's name to Qing.According to the Five Elements Theory, the Ming Dynasty was the virtue of fire, and the Qing Dynasty was the virtue of water, and water extinguished fire, so the name of the country was changed to Qing.Qing and Jin have the same pronunciation in Manchu. In 1644, Li Zicheng occupied Beijing, and Wu Sangui surrendered to the Qing Dynasty.Wu Sangui was Ping Xibo of the Ming Dynasty, the chief soldier of Shanhaiguan.The 40,000 Guanning iron cavalry under his command are all regular troops of the Ming Dynasty.Some historians believe that the demise of the Ming Dynasty means that if there is no external resistance, it must first settle inside.If the emperor understands this truth, he will immediately make peace with the Jurchens and cut off the land outside the pass.Then, the Guan Ning cavalry was transferred to the mainland to suppress Li Zicheng.You think Li Zicheng and his gang are holding sticks, rakes, and dung forks, and they all use this. If they fight against the elite Guan Ning cavalry, they will definitely not be able to do so.The troops of the Ping Rebels in Guannei were all low-level troops. All the elites fought against the Manchurians in the Northeast. In the end, the entire army was wiped out and failed again and again.If you call in Guan Ning's iron cavalry and beat Li Zicheng, then Li Zicheng might be finished.They were all a group of hungry people who had nothing to eat, so they ran with Li Zicheng.When King Chuang came, he didn't pay the food.Wu Sangui saw it, alas, the emperor was martyred, and he was ready to surrender.King Chuang made him a Marquis, and he came to Beijing to pay homage to Li Zicheng, and traveled to Tangshan.Visit Ma Lai to report that your home was copied by Li Zicheng.

Li Zicheng's eyes dropped when they entered Beijing.Our dream has finally come true, grab it.It was the same feeling as when Hong Xiuquan entered Nanjing later.Li Zicheng set up an organization called the Fusi of Bixian Township to force Ming Dynasty officials to take money.For example, if you are the prime minister of the Ming Dynasty, you take out 200,000 taels of silver.You are the minister of the Ming Dynasty, one hundred thousand taels, and the bureau chief fifty thousand taels.No?One hundred catties of sandbags are pressed against you to see if you have any.Let the family take the money, dig three feet and get it out for me.In one month, Li Zicheng got 30 million taels of silver in Beijing.Ming Dynasty is really rich!The emperor finally asked civil and military officials to donate, but no one was willing to donate.As a result, the country was ruined and the family was ruined. In the end, nothing was obtained, and Li Zicheng took everything away.Every one of Li Zicheng's subordinates has heavy yellow and white things in their waists. They are going to go home with a cow on 30 mu of land, and their wives and children are hot on the kang.Yep, Wu Sangui rebelled.

Wu Sangui heard that the house had been copied, and said it was a misunderstanding, and he would return the property as soon as I went to the house, and then ran forward.Visit Ma Lai to report that your father was arrested by Li Zicheng.This is a misunderstanding, I will put it back as soon as I go.Then go forward.It was reported again that Chen Yuanyuan was arrested by that Li Zicheng, and Wu Sangui finally got angry!A man can't keep his wife, what face does he have to live between heaven and earth!Turn back the horse's head and go back to Shanhaiguan, and order the whole army to wear mourning for Emperor Chongzhen.In fact, it was to wear mourning for Chen Yuanyuan, the emperor had been dead for so many days, did you remember to wear mourning for him?That's why Wu Weiye said in "Yuanyuanqu": "The six armies are mourning, and they are angry for the crown. The wife should not be concerned about the big plan. The hero is helpless." He wants to fight Li Zicheng to the death.Li Zicheng heard that Wu Sangui had rebelled, so he led 200,000 troops to attack.Wu Sangui was afraid that he would not be able to train Li Zicheng himself. He didn't know the level of Li Zicheng's army. What if I couldn't train?Invited troops to Qing Regent Dorgon, saying that after we put down the thieves in the future, I will report to the Northern Dynasty, not just the land. The thief has been in the capital for more than a month and has robbed so much money. Of course Dorgon wants it .So the two sides joined forces to attack at one place, and Li Zicheng's 200,000 troops were fighting fiercely with 40,000 Guanning cavalry.Then at this time, one hundred thousand and eight banners came out, and Li Zicheng was defeated in one fell swoop.Li Zicheng was the emperor in the Wuying Hall, and withdrew from Beijing the next day.A fire burned the Forbidden City to the ground.So the Forbidden City seen today is from the Qing Dynasty, and it was rebuilt by the Qing Dynasty.The Forbidden City in the Ming Dynasty was burned by Li Zicheng. Of course, some buildings and steps may still be there.

Wu Sangui surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, and the Qing army entered the pass.It was not until the middle and late Qing Dynasty that the "Nine Nine Cold Dispelling Poems" filled out by the concubine was actually a Chinese historical dynasty song.Its last sentence is "Sangui leads the troops to go south, and our country's Qing Dynasty sits in the golden throne".It shows that Wu Sangui's credit for entering the customs was still recognized by the Qing Dynasty.Li Zicheng's army fell apart quickly. When the Qing army entered the pass, the Eight Banners, Kong Youde, Geng Zhongming, Shang Kexi Sanshun Wang's troops, and Wu Sangui totaled more than 200,000.The troops were divided into three groups, with Duoduo, Prince of Yu, attacking Nanjing, and Azige, Prince of Ying, attacking Xi'an and Li Zicheng's hometown.Wang Yuetuo of Keqin County attacked Wuhan, swept across the south of the Yangtze River, and occupied the whole south in one fell swoop.Li Zicheng's army of one million fell apart in less than a year.He fled to Jiugong Mountain in Hubei, where he was planed to death with a hoe by a farmer named Cheng Jiubo.That buddy thought he was a thief.