Chapter 2 1. The beginning of "Zen" cannot be the end of "Zen"

When we Chinese talk about ancient sages and kings, we refer to the six kings of Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, and Wu.In fact, they were not kings at that time. They were all at the level of tribal alliance chiefs, but they were very civilized.Formally, abdication is voluntarily carried out by the incumbent leader. After comprehensive evaluation by multiple parties, whoever has the ability can choose whoever leads the people of the whole country to a well-off life. There is often no blood relationship between the incumbent and his successor. Yao and Shun have nothing to do with each other. It is the relationship between colleagues and subordinates.What Yao valued was Shun's ability in dealing with family conflicts. When the violent "stubborn father", the stepmother "Xiao Mu" and the malicious younger brother "Ao Xiang" joined forces to set fire to the house and dig wells to bury these Under the circumstance that he was trying to kill him with all kinds of thoughtful methods, first, Shun escaped repeatedly, which proved his outstanding IQ;Coupled with his outstanding achievements in government affairs and great reputation, Yao thought he was a good candidate, so he promoted him.So Tang Yao and Yu Shun became the first practitioners of the abdication system.The same was true for Yu Shun and Xia Yu later. When Shun was old, he gave up the top position to Yu, who was well-respected for his contribution to water control.

However, this friendly system did not last long.Because at that time Yu was in such a stage of transition from the chief of the tribal alliance to the monarch. Yu originally wanted to continue the abdication system and pass the seat to Shun's son Boyi.But Boyi is a man of self-knowledge, don't do porcelain work without diamonds, Boyi voluntarily gave up and suggested Yu's son Qilai to inherit.In addition, Qi is also a strong person, and he really wants to be the boss, so Yu took advantage of the slope to get off the donkey, and pushed the boat to pass the throne to Qi.Around 2070 BC, Qi established the Xia Dynasty on his father's foundation. This was the first slavery dynasty in Chinese history, and the leader of the tribal alliance was officially upgraded to a king.After Qi ascended the throne, when the leader became addicted, he loved his job and dedicated his work, and regarded his family as the world, and the world as his home. When it was time for him to abdicate the throne, he thought that my father passed me the throne, why should I pass it on? It was given to outsiders, so it was not passed on, and the abdication system did not continue in his generation, and has since evolved into a hereditary system of the throne.

The ideological consciousness of the later ancestors was similar to that of Qi, so this system has lasted for more than 4,000 years in China. It was not until February 12, 1912 that Emperor Xuantong issued an edict to abdicate, and the hereditary system of the throne was considered to be over. It can be seen The awareness that the fat and water will not flow into the fields of outsiders has a long history. The characteristic of this hereditary system of the throne is simply that the family belongs to the world. Specifically, the way of succession of the throne is to adopt the method of succession from father to son or brother to brother. The former is like North Korea, and the latter is like Cuba. These two countries are very obvious. It clearly reflects the characteristics of the hereditary system of the throne.

After the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, the legendary capital was Yangcheng, which is where the Dengfeng Shaolin Temple in Henan is today.Its territory is southern Shanxi, western Henan, southern Shanxi, and western Henan. In fact, it is still a tribe, a place the size of a palm. Why is it called a legend, because the history of the Xia Dynasty is not a reliable history. It is only recorded in the poetry collections left before, and there are no unearthed cultural relics to prove it.There are two ways for us to understand history: one is through text, such as historical classics.The other is to confirm through cultural relics, that is, archaeological discoveries.In contrast, natural archaeological discoveries are more convincing because there is no basis for words.How can it be proved that the Xia Dynasty existed?Are there any unearthed cultural relics to prove it?Like the Shang Dynasty, we dug up oracle bone inscriptions, and the Zhou Dynasty also has many cultural relics that can be identified, but the Xia Dynasty has not found conclusive evidence so far in archaeology.Therefore, like the history books of Hong Kong and Taiwan, the history of China is generally written from the Shang Dynasty, not the Xia Dynasty, because the Xia Dynasty has not yet been confirmed to really exist. Atlantis is about the same.