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Chapter 57 238 Battle of Salhu

After Nurhachi established Houjin, it took more than two years to reorganize the interior, develop production, and expand its military strength.In 1618 AD, Nurhaci summoned the leaders of the Eight Banners and the soldiers to swear an oath, announcing that there were seven incidents of enmity with the Ming Dynasty, which were called the "Seven Great Hatreds".The first is that the Ming Dynasty provoked for no reason and killed his grandfather and father.In order to avenge his hatred, he decided to send troops to conquer the Ming Dynasty. The next day, Nurhachi personally led 20,000 troops to attack Fushun.He first wrote to the Fushun Ming army guard general, urging him to surrender.

The guard Li Yongfang saw that the Jin army was coming fiercely and surrendered without resistance. The Hou Jin army captured 300,000 people and livestock.The governor of Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty sent troops to rescue Fushun, but was also defeated by the Hou Jin army on the way.Nurhachi ordered the destruction of Fushun City and returned to Hetuala with a large number of spoils. When the news spread to Beijing, Ming Shenzong was furious and decided to send Yang Gao as Liaodong's strategist to crusade against Houjin.Yang Gao managed to gather 100,000 troops after a tense deployment of troops.In 1619 AD, Yang Gao divided his troops into four groups, led by four general officers, and attacked Hetuala.On the left wing of the middle road is Du Song, the general soldier of Shanhaiguan; on the right wing of the middle road, Li Rubo, the general soldier of Liaodong; on the north road, Ma Lin, the general soldier of Kaiyuan;In order to expand the momentum, it is said to be 470,000.Yang Gao sits in Shenyang and directs the overall situation.

At that time, the total strength of the Houjin Eight Banners Army was no more than 60,000.When some post-golden soldiers got the information, they couldn't help being a little scared, so they came to Nurhachi and asked him to make up his mind.Nurha said confidently: "Don't be afraid, just let him go, I will go all the way. After reconnaissance, Nurhachi learned that the left wing of the center led by Juniper was the main force of the Ming army and had already set off from Fushun to fight over, so he concentrated his forces and dealt with Juniper first. Juniper is a veteran general.When starting from Fushun, it was snowing heavily, Juniper wanted to take the lead, no matter the weather was bad, he hurriedly marched through the snow.He first captured the mountain pass of Saerhu (now east of Fushun, Liaoning); then divided his troops into two groups, leaving half of the troops in Saerhu to camp, and brought another elite army to attack. ).

When Nurhachi saw Jun Song's scattered troops, he was secretly happy. He concentrated the troops of the Eight Banners and captured the camp of the Saerhu Ming Army in one go, cutting off Jun Song's retreat.Then, they hurriedly marched to rescue Jiefan.The Ming army, which was attacking Jiefan, was shaken when they heard that the rear road was copied.The Hou Jin army stationed in Jiefan came down from the mountain condescendingly and killed the Juniper army in pieces.Nurhachi led the army to arrive and surrounded the Ming army.Juniper rushed left and right to break through, but suddenly an arrow flew in and hit him in the head, and Juniper fell off his horse and died.The Ming army under his command was killed with corpses strewn all over the field, blood flowing like rivers.The people along the way were destroyed first.

Marin on the North Road sent troops from Kaiyuan (now Kaiyuan, Liaoning). He had just arrived at a place 40 miles away from Sarhu, and when he got the news of Juniper's defeat, he was so frightened that he hurriedly switched from attack to defense. , dug three layers of trenches, ready to defend.Nurhachi led the Eight Banners troops from Jiefan non-stop and broke through the Ming army camp.Marin fled desperately before returning to Kaiyuan, and the second Ming army was broken up again. Yang Gao, who was sitting in the mirror in Shenyang, was waiting for the good news from various Ming armies, but he was stunned by the bad news that two groups of troops had been wiped out for two days in a row.Only then did he realize that Nurhachi was powerful, and quickly sent a fast horse to order the other two Ming troops to stop advancing immediately.

Li Rubai, the Liaodong general on the right wing of the center, was timid and slow to move, so he retreated hastily after receiving Yang Gao's order.Twenty or so post-golden sentinels patrolling the mountain saw the retreat of the Ming army from a distance and clamored loudly. The soldiers of the Ming army thought that there were a large number of pursuers behind them, so they rushed to escape, trampled on each other, and many died. The rest of the way is Liu Ting of the South Route Army.When Yang Gao issued the order to stop the march, Liu Ting's army had already penetrated into the positions of the Hou Jin army, and he had no idea of ​​the failures of the various Ming armies.Liu Ting was a well-known fierce general in the Ming army. He used a 120-jin broadsword, which moved like flying, and was nicknamed "Liu Dadao".Liu Ting's army has strict military orders and has many weapons and gunpowder.After entering the Houjin position, they broke through several camps.

Nurhachi knew that Liu Ting was brave and could not just rely on tough battles.He chose a Ming soldier who had surrendered and asked him to pretend to be Jun Song's subordinate and send a letter to Liu Ting, saying that Jun Song's army had already arrived at the city of Hetuala, and he was only waiting for Liu Ting's army to join forces and attack the city. Liu Ting didn't receive Yang Gao's order, he didn't know that Jun Song's army had been destroyed, he believed it was true, he was afraid that Jun Song would win the first prize, so he ordered to march quickly.The roads in this area are dangerous and narrow, and soldiers and horses cannot stand side by side, so they had to march in single file.Liu Ting led his troops away for a while, suddenly there was a sound of killing everywhere, all over the mountains and valleys were ambush soldiers from the late Jin Dynasty, and they came to kill the Ming army.Liu Ting was in a hurry, so Nurhachi sent a group of post-gold soldiers dressed in Ming army uniforms and Ming army flags, dressed as Juniper soldiers to meet him.Without any doubt, Liu Ting brought the troops into the encirclement circle of the fake Ming army.The Hou Jin army joined forces inside and outside, attacking from all sides, and the Ming army was in chaos.Although Liu Ting was brave enough to wield a broadsword and kill some Hou Jin soldiers, he was outnumbered after all. His left and right arms were seriously injured and he finally fell down.

From the beginning to the end of this war, it took only five days. More than half of the 100,000 Ming army led by Yang Gao lost more than half, and more than 300 civil and military generals died.This is the famous "Battle of Salhu" in history. After the Battle of Sarhu, the Ming Dynasty suffered a severe loss of vitality, and the Hou Jin stepped forward. Two years later, Nurhachi led the Eight Banners army and captured the important strongholds of Shenyang and Liaoyang in Liaodong one after another. In March 1625, Nurhaci moved the Houjin capital to Shenyang, calling Shenyang Shengjing.Since then, Hou Jin has become the biggest threat to the Ming Dynasty.

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