Chapter 64 Lord of the North

——Tuoba Tao, Emperor Taiwu When Tuoba Tao was born, he had a "bizarre physical appearance", when the Daowu Emperor Tuoba Gui saw this big fat grandson, he was "surprised and delighted", and sighed: "The one who becomes my career must be this son!" The enemy country in the north, Rouran, heard that Emperor Ming and Yuan of Wei State had died, and they also came to kill people because of mourning. They hurriedly sent 60,000 cavalry into Yunzhong (northwest of today's Inner Mongolia and Linger), killed and plundered officials and people, and captured Shengle, the old capital of Dai State. .

Rouran also seems to be a close branch of the Xianbei. When the Northern Wei Dynasty was founded, Rouran also developed rapidly, and gradually formed a powerful serfdom nomadic empire starting from the Outer Xing’an Mountains in the east, reaching the Altai Mountains in the west, including Lake Baikal in the north, and extending to the desert in the south. .For quite a long time, Rouran has always been the main enemy of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the north. Tuoba Tao, who was only fourteen years old, was furious when he heard the news, and he rode lightly on his own, without stopping, and galloped for three days and two nights until he reached the cloud.When He Shenggai, the lord of Rouran, saw the umbrella cover of Emperor Wei, he immediately ordered to enter the siege, with layers of cavalry, a total of more than 50 heavy horses.If any Han monarch is changed, let alone fourteen years old, even forty years old, he will be scared out of his wits.Tuoba Tao, a young Xianbei boy, only had the courage to kill in his bones. Seeing the heavy cavalry of the enemy, his expression was calm. Seeing this, the generals of the Wei army lost their fear and murderous intentions. Seeing that the situation is not good, the lord of the country, He Shenggai, turned his horse's head and fled.

In November of the second year of Emperor Taiwu's Shiguang (425), Tuoba Tao personally led the army to attack Rouran in five ways. Dare to raise troops to peek at the side. One of the illustrious martial arts: defeating Helianxia Kingdom In September of 425 AD (the second year of Shiguang of Emperor Taiwu and the second year of Yuanjia of Emperor Wen of Song Dynasty), Helian Bobo, the lord of the Xia Kingdom, died suddenly. The only son who ran away.Therefore, Helian Bobo should have been called Liu Bobo. Bobo is tall and tall, eight feet five inches tall, with a beautiful appearance. Yao Xing, the lord of the later Qin Dynasty, liked him very much at first sight. Gao Pinggong didn't want to take him in, and he even married his daughter to Bobo as his wife. .Yao Xing sent Bo Bo as the General of Anbei, with more than 20,000 Xianbei households to help Mei Yiyu guard Shuofang.Within a few years, this greedy and ruthless Bo Bo killed his father-in-law and led his followers, proclaiming himself the Great Xia King and establishing himself as a country.

So far, Bobo changed his surname to Helian, which means that his family is prominent and connected to the sky, and the tribes with blood relations with him all changed their surnames to Tiefa, which means that they are as sharp as iron and can cut people.After Liu Yu conquered Hou Qin, He Lianbo took advantage of Liu Yu's return to attack the Jin Dynasty and defeated Liu Yizhen. The Jingguan with tens of thousands of heads was named "Skeleton Terrace".In the same year, he proclaimed himself emperor and established the capital of Wanwan. Helian Bobo is most famous for his brutality and tyranny, and treats the people like nothing.He ordered the craftsmen to steam the earth and build Tongwan City. After a section of the city wall was completed, he tested it with an iron awl, pierced it an inch, and immediately killed the builders of the wall, and built the corpses into the wall, and replaced a group of craftsmen with new ones.Craftsmen who make weapons are the worst, and they will undoubtedly die.When a bow maker offers a bow, if the armor does not penetrate, he will be killed immediately; if the armor penetrates, the armor maker will be beheaded immediately.The cycle goes on and on, and death is inevitable anyway.He also often likes to sit on the city wall with his bow and knife at his side, and kill anyone who doesn't like him.

When he was in Chang'an, He Lianbo recruited the hermit Wei Zusi into the court as an official.Wei Yinshi knew that Bobo was cruel by nature, so when he met him, he hurriedly bowed down in fear and fear. Unexpectedly, this polite behavior also aroused Helianbo's fury, and said: "I conquered you as a soldier of the country, but why treat me like a man! Worship Yao Xing, why do you only worship me? I am not dead yet, so you will not regard me as the emperor. After I die, you will write pens, where should I be placed!" Immediately ordered to kill this great intellectual. He Lianbo's "great ambitions" named the south gate of the capital as Chaosong Gate (meaning that the Song Dynasty came to the dynasty), the east gate as Zhaowei Gate (meaning to make Wei Guohuai obedient), and the west gate as Fuliang Gate (meaning to conquer Xiliang). The north gate is Pingshuo Gate (meaning unifying Shuobei).

At the end of the Great Xia's reign, he became even more debauched and brutal. If a subject looked directly at him, he would immediately go forward and stab the opponent's eyes with a knife; .Anyone who dares to make admonishment will cut off his tongue first and then beheaded. "Yi and Xia are arrogant, and there is no one to rely on." Even so, Helian Bobo, with his illustrious martial arts, even Shi Chen had to praise a few words: "However, his weapon knowledge is high-spirited, and his character is very strong. Yao Xing saw it And intoxicated, Song Zu (Liu Yu) was moved when he heard it. How could there be a strange energy in Yinshan Mountain, otherwise why would it be so?"

Helian Bobo's original prince was Helian NFDA8, Hu Renxi's youngest son, and he later wanted to establish his youngest son, Helian Lun.Helian NFDA8 was furious, and sent troops to attack and kill his younger brother Helianlun.Helianbobo's third son, Helianchang, heard the news and immediately mobilized troops to kill Helian NFDA8.As soon as Helian Bobo was happy, he made Helianchang the prince.After Helianbobo's death, Helianchang took the throne. The Xianbei monarchs of ethnic minorities did not pay attention to "ceremonies and funerals" like the Han (or highly Sinicized ethnic minorities).Hearing the news of Helian Bobo's death, Tuoba Tao summoned all his ministers to discuss the matter of attacking Xia.Most of the nobles of the royal family of Wei State strongly advocated attacking Rouran first, and then attacking Xia State.

Du Cui Hao expressed his dissenting opinion, thinking: "In Rouran, birds gather and beasts flee, and the masses can't catch up with them. A light army attack is not enough to destroy the enemy. Helian's land is only a thousand miles away. The government and punishment are cruel. Humans and gods are all angry. It is better to attack them first." Tuoba Tao follows the plan.In October of the third year of Shiguang (426), he first sent Xi Jin to lead more than 40,000 soldiers to raid Puban (now Yongji, Shanxi), and then led the army to attack Xia Guo. When he arrived at Junzijin (now Zhungeer Banner, Inner Mongolia), it was freezing cold, so he led 20,000 light cavalry across the river to attack Tongwan (now Jingbian County, Shaanxi).Wei Jun slaughtered and looted around, captured more than 100,000 cattle and horses, and left.

In the summer of the same year, Tuoba Tao led Qingqi 30,000 times to go first, and then rushed to Tongwan.When they got to the city, the Wei people knew that attacking the city was the most difficult, so they surrounded the city with old, weak and remnant soldiers to show their weakness, and ambushed the elite soldiers in the deep valley.Xia Bing fell for the trick and went out of the city to pursue it.Just at that time, there was wind and rain coming towards the Wei army from the direction of Tongwan City. Tuoba Tao's trusted eunuch Zhao Ni advised: "The sky is not helping people now, and the direction of the wind and rain is going against our army. I can't see the charge clearly. The soldiers are hungry and thirsty. Why don't you lead your troops to hide, Your Majesty, and fight again in the future."

Cui Hao scolded from the side: "Our army's victory over thousands of miles is just a cover-up, how can we change our mind?" Tuoba Tao said "yes" loudly, and waved his troops to meet him. During the melee, Tuoba Tao was shot by an arrow, his horse was slandered and fell to the ground, and he was almost captured by Xia Bing.Changing horses and fighting again, Emperor Wei personally assassinated more than ten cavalrymen and a general of Xia Guo. Wei Jun took advantage of the victory to pursue Lord Xia to the north of the city, but He Lianchang had no time to enter the city and fled to Shangbi.Tuoba Tao only led a few followers to chase straight into the city. Xia Bing found out and closed the four doors tightly.Tuoba Tao and others hastily tied the women's skirts to the lance and hanged him, before barely escaped from the city.

The country of Xia had no owner, and it was getting dark. The thick walls of the strong city were no longer useless. After a while, the Wei army took advantage of the chaos and broke through. , countless treasures. After daybreak, Tuoba Tao entered the city, looked at the magnificent terraces and pavilions with extremely poor literary talent, carved beams and painted buildings, and then touched the Tongwan city wall so hard that it could sharpen knives and axes. Can you not perish?" He Lianchang retreated to Pingliang (now Pingliang, Gansu), and the situation was over, and he was captured alive by the Wei army soon.Seeing He Lianchang's extraordinary appearance, Tuobatao felt sorry for each other, so he married his younger sister, Princess Shiping, to him, made her the Duke of Kuaiji, and often took him to hunt and play through mountains and valleys.Although He Lianchang was the one who was captured and defeated, he was "famous for his bravery" and was good at shooting. All the officials advised Tuoba Tao to be wary of him.Tuoba Tao said carelessly, "The destiny is there, why should we be afraid?" After He Lianchang was captured, He Hebobo's fifth son, He Lian Ding, made himself emperor, constantly harassing the Wei army, and once captured the famous Northern Wei generals Xi Jin, E Qing and others.Later, Helian Ding attacked Qifu Mumo, the lord of the Western Qin Dynasty.Qifu Mumo was severely beaten by the Juqu clan of Beiliang at that time, and he had already surrendered to the Northern Wei Dynasty, accepted the title of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and assembled in the direction of Pingliang designated by the Wei people.On the way, he met Helian Ding, this born killer defeated Qifu Mumo and surrendered, and was killed immediately.Tuobatao heard the news and led an army to attack. Helian fled towards the west of the river, but was attacked by Tuyuhun, another branch of Xianbei, by the Yellow River. The army was defeated, and Helianding himself was captured alive and sent to Tuobatao.He Lianding was not as lucky as He Lianchang, and was immediately beheaded by Tuoba Tao. A few years later, He Lianchang, who had already been crowned the King of Qin in the Northern Wei Dynasty, wanted to take the opportunity to flee, but was killed by the guard of the Wei State and his younger brothers.So far, the Helian family has been wiped out.Counting from Helianbobo himself to Helianding, this country that claims to unify all the cities in the world, and the royal family is illustrious and connected to Tianlian, has only been around for twenty-five years. Great Martial Arts 2 - Beating the Enemy Rouran After capturing He Lianchang, Tuoba Tao wanted to attack Rouran again. At that time, "the courtiers inside and outside were unwilling to do it", and Tuoba Tao's nurse, the Queen Mother Bao, who had a great influence on the government, also dissuaded him.Zhang Yuan, the former minister of Helianchang, and others also believed that Rouran was barren and far away. Its land could not be cultivated and its people could not be controlled. Only Cui Hao advocated Tuoba Tao to attack Rouran in the north: Rouran was a rebel in the northern part of the Great Wei Dynasty. It is not useless to punish the evil leaders, accept the good people, and return to the old service.In the high and cool place in Mobei, the water and grass are abundant, and it moves north in summer.Land for pasture must be plowed and eaten.The family of Gaoche is called Mingqi, and they must be ministers and animals.If the southerners (Han people) pursue them, they will suffer from minor diseases and cannot catch them.But this is not the case for our soldiers (Wei Jun).Rouran's army can flee far away, and our soldiers of the Great Wei can also chase far away, advancing and retreating with them, it is difficult to control.Moreover, Rouran invaded the frontier for several years, and the officials were terrified.If you don't take advantage of the emptiness to enter this summer and destroy the country, troubles will come back later! Hearing this, Tuoba Tao made up his mind and decided to attack Rouran. The courtiers knew that the emperor's will had been decided, so they dared not argue again.After the dynasty, many people accused Cui Hao: "The current Wu thief (Song State) invaded the south, but he gave up on the northern expedition. Rouran fled to the north, and later the Wu people attacked, and it was very dangerous. How could he escape from this situation?" Bad idea?" Cui Hao was confident, and said loudly: "Don't worry about Song State at all. If you don't destroy Rouran this year, you won't be able to defend against the southern thieves (Song State). Before attacking Rouran, Song State also said that it wanted to attack our Great Wei. In the meantime, they didn’t come. Why? It’s their old wounds that haven’t healed! When Liu Yu was in Guanzhong, he left his beloved son, tens of thousands of elite soldiers, good generals and strong soldiers, but he couldn’t stick to it, and all his troops were wiped out. Howling The sound has never been heard. Now, our Great Wei Dynasty is strong and powerful, and we have destroyed the Xia Kingdom. How dare the people of Song Dynasty feed the tiger with a calf? Rouran, relying on his own strength, takes it for granted that our Great Wei cannot reach it. Any vigilance. Therefore, they disperse the crowd to graze in summer, and gather fat horses in autumn. Their backs are cold and warm, and they come to invade the border from the south. If they are caught off guard and the army suddenly arrives, they will be frightened and scattered. You can take advantage of its emptiness and destroy it in one fell swoop. It can be said to be a temporary benefit for a long time!" Everyone was speechless.The generals and ministers of the Wei State all followed Tuoba Tao to attack Rouran. The Taoist priest Kou Qianzhi and Cui Hao had a close relationship, and he was about to join the emperor in the conquest. He also had doubts, so he asked, "Can we really win this army?" "There is no doubt about it! But I am afraid that the generals will be wretched, and they will worry about it before and after. If they can't take advantage of the victory and go deep, they may not win a complete victory." Everything was as expected by Cui Hao. In the summer of 429 AD, Tuoba Tao led the Wei army to make a large-scale northern expedition.Rouran "does not equip first, the people and animals spread out in the wild, frightened and frightened, and there is no one to control them."The army of the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into troops to aid the campaign, five thousand miles from east to west, and three thousand miles from north to south, and captured "livestock carts, filled with mountains and swamps, and covered millions".The Gaoche tribe who had surrendered to Rouran also took the opportunity to kill Rouran's generals, and more than 300,000 people returned to Wei State. Tuobatao traveled westward along Ruoshui (in present-day Mongolia) to Zhuoxie Mountain (in the southeast of Mount Altai today).However, all the generals in the Northern Wei Dynasty were afraid of going deep into the ambush, so they all advised Tuoba Tao to stop his troops from chasing him.Taoist Kou Qianzhi remembered Cui Hao's original words and advised the emperor to pursue him.Tuoba Tao accepted it as soon as he saw it, and refused to listen. He slowly returned to the army with a full load of spoils. On the way back to the army, Wei Jun learned that Master Rouran was terrified and sick, with only hundreds of servants around him, lying in the car and fleeing into the mountains to escape.The remnants of his subordinate soldiers and civilians are unmanned, and they are scattered in disorder, with a radius of sixty li, and the soldiers and civilians are mixed.At that time, the Wei army's pursuers were only 180 miles away from these remnants and defeated people. Suddenly they stopped their pursuit, and the rest of Rouran escaped.Not long after, the Hu people who went to and from Liangzhou for business brought news to confirm the above rumors, saying that the Wei army "if they go forward for two days, they will be wiped out (the rest of the Rouran people)." Knowing this, Tuoba Tao "hated him deeply" and regretted it terribly.The army returned to Pingcheng, and the Song State in the south did not attack at all, which was exactly as Cui Hao expected.As a result, Tuoba Tao obeyed Cui Hao's words, and ordered the ministers of the Shangshu: "Any military and state plans that you cannot decide, consult Cui Hao first, and then implement them." Later, Tuoba Tao personally conquered Rouran twice in 443 and 449 AD, and fought so far that Rouran was far away, and basically dared not take the initiative to invade the Wei state.At the same time, Tuoba Tao continued to consolidate the northern towns established in the era of Emperor Daowu, built the Great Wall, stretched for more than 3,000 miles, set up six towns, and moved Rouran and Gaoche to attach the people to them, forming a complete set of strict frontiers. According to the Rong system, officials were dispatched to actively guard.Of course, the final demise of the Northern Wei Dynasty also originated from the Six Towns Uprising.This is a later story. The third of the illustrious martial arts - Destroying Beiyan Speaking of several "Yan" countries among the sixteen countries, everyone would take it for granted that a branch of the Murong family was the head of the country.Beiyan was different. The lord of the country at that time was named Feng, not a Xianbei, but a Han.Speaking of Beiyan, there is still an interesting history to explain. Speaking of Beiyan, we must first talk about Houyan's unlucky emperor Murong Bao. After the death of the old Emperor Murong of Houyan, his son Murong Bao, who was not up to the mark, was chased and beaten by Tuobagui, the then Daowu Emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and fled to Longcheng, the hometown of Xianbei.Back and forth for many days, Hou Yan's clan killed each other. Murong Bao's uncle Lan Han was ambitious and pretended to rescue him to welcome Murong Bao into Longcheng.Murong Bao had no doubts, and was murdered by Lan Han after entering the city.This Lan Khan did not stop doing two things, and killed Murong Bao's prince Murong Ce and more than a hundred people from the clan, princes and ministers, and became emperor himself. Murong Bao's eldest son, Murong Sheng, heard that his father had been killed, so he dared to go back to Longcheng alone to pay his respects.Lan Han's daughter is Murong Sheng's wife, and the father-in-law was shocked when he saw this son-in-law. Lan Han's younger brothers all persuaded him to kill Murong Sheng.Lan Khan's wife, the woman, of course held the opposite opinion, crying and making a lot of noise.After thinking about it, the wind is hard on the pillow, the love for his daughter is eager, and the emperor Laozi who just killed him, Lan Han has no nerve to kill his son-in any case, he is his own son-in-law, so he appointed Murong Sheng as his servant, as a confidants to use. The Murong family has a famous wolf gene, forbearance and fortitude.In order to survive, Murong Sheng pretended to be humble, secretly preparing for revenge.He first contacted Murong Qi, a grandson of Lan Khan and his cousin, to respond, and then recruited the guards in the palace to gather strength secretly.At the same time, he constantly provoked the relationship between Lan Khan and his two brothers Lanti and Lannan, turning them against each other. The Lan Han brothers attacked each other, and Murong Sheng naturally took the lead, beating Lan Di and Lan Nan so that they escaped from Longcheng.Lan Khan was overjoyed and got drunk at the celebration banquet.Murong Sheng immediately attacked and beheaded Lan Han and his son.Then, he sent troops out to hunt down and behead Lan Han's second brother who had fled, and finally succeeded in avenging his father.The nephew Murong Qi was originally sent to join the Dingling tribes to fight against Lan Khan.Hearing that Lan Khan was dead, Murong Qi wanted to stand on his own and resisted soldiers outside, but was eventually killed by Murong Sheng. After all, this kid had Lan Khan's blood on his body. After Murong Sheng proclaimed himself emperor, he also took a new look, defeating Gao Li and Ku Moxi who were often harassed.However, the new emperor's rule was too strict, and his punishments were harsh, which made Duan Ji, the nephew of the late Empress Dowager Ding, and others form a close family relationship, and led guards to rebel at night.Although the coup failed, Murong Sheng was seriously injured and died. He was only 29 years old and had been in power for three years.Before his death, he summoned his uncle Murong Xi to enter the court, entrusting him with future affairs. Murong Xi was Murong Chui's youngest son, although his seniority was high, he was twelve years younger than his nephew Emperor Murong Sheng who had just died, at the age of seventeen.Empress Dowager Ding (Murong Quan's wife) had been committing adultery with the young man Murong Xi, so she ordered Murong Sheng's prince Murong Ding to be abolished and Murong Xi to be made emperor.As soon as Murong Xi came to the throne, he immediately killed Murong Sheng's younger brother Murong Yuan (the "nephew" who was older than himself), and eliminated the court ministers who were unwilling to make him emperor at that time. In the next year, Murong Xi married the second daughter of the Fu family as his concubine and lingered every night.Empress Dowager Ding (about 30 years old) was so jealous that she conspired with her natal nephew Ding Xin to abolish Murongxi and install someone else.When Murongxi heard the news, he killed Ding Xin and others, and forced his old lover, Queen Mother Ding, to commit suicide. The second concubine of the Fu family is the daughter of the former Qin clan, and she is extremely beautiful.The eldest sister is named Chang Chang, and the younger sister is named Xunying.Murong Xi loved the two beauties so much that he enslaved tens of thousands of people to build gardens and palaces, wasting money and wasting national power.Fu Bo, the second daughter of the Fu family.Not long after the eldest sister Chang Chang died of illness, the younger sister Xunying died of illness again.Murong Xi was in so much pain that he cried to the ground, the imperial doctor had to rescue him for a long time before rescuing this young man from the emperor. "As soon as the funeral is finished, the coffin is opened again, and that's the handover." Murong Xi, the emperor who raped the corpse, can be said to be unprecedented, and there will be no one since.At the same time, he strictly ordered the ministers to cry, and those who did not cry would be executed.At that time, pepper had not been introduced into China, and ministers all wiped their eyes with spicy things such as garlic to make themselves "tears like rain". Murong Xi built a tomb for his concubine with a radius of several miles.In order to let the huge hearse out of the city, he ordered the gates to be demolished.After he rushed to escort the hearse out of the city, Feng Ba, the commander of the imperial guards, and others closed the gate and supported Murong Bao's adopted son Murong Yun as the master. Murong Xi led troops to counterattack Longcheng, failed, was arrested on the way to escape, escorted back to the city, and was killed by Murong Yun, who was twenty-three years old and reigned for more than five years.It was only then that the Hou Yan finally completely perished. It was the third year of Emperor Yixi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (407). Murong Yun proclaimed himself emperor, also known as Yan State, but it was called Bei Yan in history, and it was no longer Hou Yan. Murong Yun's original surname is Gao, and he is from Korea.When Murong Bao was the prince, he liked his martial arts skills and adopted him as his adopted son.After he became emperor, he changed his surname to Gao and called himself King of Dayan. Gao Yun thought he was a commoner in Goryeo, and even though he was proclaimed emperor, he felt extremely inferior in his heart.He opened up his treasury every day, rewarded all civil servants and military generals, bought people's hearts, and wanted to buy "support" with gold and silver treasures. The Feng Ba brothers support Gao Yun, but Gao Yun is suspicious and wary of the Feng brothers, so he raises a group of strong men by his side, "sleeping and rising" with him every day, eating and dressing the same as himself, and giving gold treasures every day "To comfort his heart".The leaders of this group of personal guards are Li Ban and Tao Ren (the names are strange, maybe they are from Gaoli or other races).God knows what Li Ban and Tao Ren are thinking. They are still not satisfied with the delicious food and drink like the emperor's buddies. Taking advantage of the discussion, the two stabbed Gao Yun to death on the throne on the spot.So far, Gao Yun has been in power for three years, and he died at about thirty-six years old. When Li Ban, Tao Ren and Gao Yun were pushing and playing knives in the hall, Feng Ba was also in the hall.He did not step forward to escort him, but instead ran to a high place in the hall, watching Gao Yun being killed.Then, he immediately led his troops, entered the palace with his sword in hand, and beheaded the two reckless men, Li Ban and Tao Ren.These two people are really desperate, all kinds of history books don't mention the reason why they killed the king, nor is it a conspiracy arranged by Feng Ba, it makes people rack their brains, and they can't figure out why they want to kill the emperor who treats him so well . Feng Ba was pushed by everyone, even the king of heaven, and still did not change the name of the country. Therefore, from him onwards, this Beiyan's surname was Feng.Feng Ba is a Han nationality, and his native place is Xindu (now Zaoqiang, Hebei). Feng Ba reigned for 22 years and was a relatively rare benevolent monarch among the sixteen kingdoms.He lightly paid taxes, advocated Confucianism, persuaded the people to farm and mulberry, and stopped soldiers and military forces, so that the people in Beiyan enjoyed a rare peace in troubled times. In the autumn of 430 A.D., Feng Ba was critically ill, and Prince Feng Yi supervised state affairs.Feng Ba's favorite concubine, the Song family, had a son named Feng Shouju. She wanted to make her son king, so she forbade the prince to serve the sick.The eunuch Hu Fu was on good terms with Feng Ba's younger brother Feng Hong, so he hurriedly reported to Feng Hong the news that the Song family was planning to usurp him.Feng Hong immediately led his troops into the palace and imprisoned Song's mother and son.Seeing the rebels break into the bedroom, Feng Ba died of fright on his deathbed. Feng Hong established himself as the king of heaven and abolished and killed the prince Feng Yi.The worst thing was that Feng Hong killed more than one hundred sons born to his eldest brother Feng Ba and his concubines over the years.Brother Feng can really give birth, and brother Feng can really kill. There have been many cases of usurping and killing brothers in ancient times, but they killed more than a hundred nephews in one go, and most of them were children or teenagers in their arms. That's it. After killing all the nephews, Feng Hong saw that the Song family was beautiful, so he took care of his sister-in-law again, an adulterer and adulterer, a perfect match. After Feng Hong ascended the throne, many people rebelled against their relatives. His eldest son, Feng Chong, and several other sons fled to the Northern Wei Dynasty in fear of disaster. It was under such circumstances that Taiwu Emperor Tuoba Tao kept sending troops, trying to wipe out the "outsider" beside the couch in one fell swoop.In addition to the consecutive defeats, more than a dozen major counties in Beiyan were captured and annexed by the Northern Wei Dynasty. In desperation, Feng Hongshe asked for help from Emperor Song Wen of the Southern Dynasty, and sent envoys to proclaim himself a vassal.Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty was of course happy, and named Feng Hong the "Lord of the Yellow Dragon", and promised to send troops to help Beiyan.After all, Song Jun really couldn't go to places far away.Since the second year of Yanhe (433), Feng Hong has not had a good life for a few days after becoming emperor.In the end, 40,000 soldiers from the Northern Wei Dynasty approached the city, and Feng Hong had no choice but to send his son as a hostage, presenting many beauties. The Northern Wei Dynasty then withdrew its troops and took thousands of Northern Yan women and men away. After much deliberation, Feng Hong always felt that the life of being a minister as a grandson was not easy, and on a whim, he secretly sent someone to ask for help from his vassal Goryeo. The people in the city fled to the territory of Koryo overnight.Before leaving, the Lord of Northern Yan also ordered the city to be burned and the palace to be completely burned.So far, under the pressure of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Beiyan perished, and there were three masters (counting Gao Yun) in twenty-nine years. Feng Hong fled to Koryo and was placed in Beifeng (now Xingbin County, Liaoning) by the King of Koryo.It’s okay to live under someone’s fence and pretend that his grandson is the lord of a small city, but he “has always insulted Goryeo, and his punishments and punishments are just like his country”, and he is like the king of Goryeo.King Goryeo was furious and drove away Feng Hong's guards and took his prince as a hostage.After coming and going, Feng Hongcai felt the "cruel reality", so he sent someone to Jiankang secretly, begging Emperor Song Wen to send someone to take him to Jiankang. At that time, Goryeo also professed his ministers to the Song State. Hearing that Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty sent thousands of troops to welcome Feng Hong, he was very shameless, so he sent troops to surround Feng Hong's camp in one fell swoop, and killed all Feng Sanye's family, young and old, and his servants. Stay, and then dig a big pit and bury it. It was April of the 14th year of Yuanjia, Emperor Wen of Song Dynasty (437). Although Feng's Northern Yan was destroyed, things never ended.One of Feng Hong's granddaughters was the famous Empress Dowager Feng in the Northern Wei Dynasty.The empress dowager was wise and brave, possessed many powers and strategies, and was cruel in nature. She poisoned her stepson to death, Emperor Xianwen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and also raised Emperor Xiaowen, the son of Emperor Xianwen. She was well-known in the history of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Not for now. The demise of Beiyan was really Feng Hong's own fault, and God was angry with God, so he had to perish.In any case, it also died at the hands of the Northern Wei Dynasty. The Four Great Martial Arts—Destroying Northern Liang and Dominating the North When the hero Tuobatao was looking forward to Pan, he was in full swing. Juqu Mujian, the last separatist force in the north, the leader of Beiliang, had a bad luck. He poisoned his wife's food, and almost poisoned the princess to death—this aunt is not someone else. She is Princess Wuwei, younger sister of Emperor Taiwu Tuobatao. The "country" of Beiliang is actually the smallest of the sixteen countries, with only the "land" as big as a palm in the central and western parts of Gansu and northern Qinghai.Juqu Mengxun, the lord of Northern Liang, was a different kind of Xiongnu. He was originally a general under Lu Guang of Houliang.Later, he betrayed Lu Guang and embraced Duan Ye, the Minister of Later Liang, as the "King of Liang", which was called Beiliang in history. Juqu Mengxun is vicious and vicious, in order to kill Duan Ye, he did not hesitate to sacrifice the life of his elder brother Juqu Nancheng, inducing Duan Ye to kill Nancheng, and then led his men to kill Duan Ye again in the name of "revenge". Lord of Beiliang (401). Afterwards, this Juqu Mengxun jumped from left to right, saw that Houqin had destroyed Houliang, and became a vassal in great fear, but soon repented, made friends with Nanliang, proclaimed a vassal to the bald family, and attacked Houqin together.Afterwards, Mengxun fell out with Nanliang again, but was defeated by the bald family, so he had to send a proton to sue for peace.Later, Juqu Mengxun attached himself to Qin Dynasty, but he was only granted the title of Marquis of Xihai.After a pause, he led troops to attack Nanliang, which was bald and humiliated Tan, and finally occupied Guzang (now Wuwei, Gansu) and moved his capital here.A few days later, Mengxun fought with the Qifu clan of the Western Qin Dynasty again, and they won a big victory, taking several towns.At that time, Xia Zhu He Lianbobo heard that Mengxun was powerful, so he also sent envoys to repair and marry him.Seeing the benefits of getting married, Juqu Mengxun reconciled with Xiqin and established an in-law relationship.In 420 A.D., the militaristic Meng Xun also invaded Jiuquan, annihilating the Li family of Xiliang, and all the land of Liangzhou.At the most powerful time, all the small countries in the Western Regions paid tribute to Juqu Mengxun. But when the little bull meets the big bull, Juqu Mengxun softens.He sent Prince Juqu Zhengde to attack Rouran, but he was defeated and Zhengde was also killed.Soon, the Northern Wei Dynasty became stronger and stronger, and Meng Xun proclaimed himself a minister to the Northern Wei Dynasty.Tuoba Tao treated him well, named him King of Liang, and could "build the emperor's banner".The old scoundrel fought east and west and killed for more than thirty years, and then became the king of Liang in the Great Wei Dynasty. He finally died of illness, and his son Juqu Muqian took over the throne. Juqu Mujian sent envoys to both the Song State in the Southern Dynasty and the Wei State in the Northern Dynasty to report the funeral. At the same time, he sent his younger sister, Princess Xingping, to the State of Wei.Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty also rewarded his envoy generously, and also named him "King of Hexi". Juqu Mujian had many Confucian scholars since he was a child, he knew the etiquette of being a vassal, and he respected both the Northern and Southern Dynasties.At the beginning of his succession to the throne, he was also a humble corporal and paid attention to government affairs.But this young man is of a Hun physique, with strong hormone secretion and lustful sex. It is precisely such a "section" of the king that led to the ultimate demise of Beiliang. In order to consolidate diplomatic relations, Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty married his younger sister Princess Wuwei to Juqu Mujian out of kindness.Afraid of dominance, Mu Jian had no choice but to place his first wife, the daughter of Li Hao, the former lord of Xiliang, in Jiuquan, taking the Tuoba family as his main wife.It is estimated that Tuoba Tao's younger sister looks ordinary, and when Mu Jian married her, she only respected her as a "Bodhisattva" and adulterated with his beautiful and beautiful widowed sister-in-law Li every day, causing great chaos in human relations. Li Shi is not a cowardly woman. In order to live with Juqu Mujian for a long time, she sent someone to poison Princess Wuwei's food. The younger sister survived, but she has already suffered a considerable disability.In a rage, Tuoba Tao asked Juqu Mujian to hand over Li's family, but Mujian was reluctant and sent Li's family to hide in Jiuquan. From this, Tuoba Tao felt the desire to destroy Beiliang. During court discussions, many ministers opposed the expedition to Beiliang.Because Beiliang is too far away from the Northern Wei Dynasty, everyone heard that "the land is thin and there is little water and grass", and they were afraid that when the army attacked, there would be nothing to loot and it would be difficult to supply.It was Situ Cui Hao who praised Liangzhou again. He quoted the records in "Hanshu·Geography" and said: "Liangzhou's livestock are the world's best. If there is no water and grass, how can livestock grow. Han people will never build in places without water and grass. It is conceivable that the surrounding area of ​​Liangzhou must not be a desolate place." Shangshu Li Shun has been sent to Beiliang more than ten times, his words should be the most fair.However, Li Shun received countless gold and silver from Juqu's father and son, received money from others, and warded off disasters with others, so he refuted Cui Hao: "What you hear is not as good as what you see. The desolation around Liangzhou is absolutely true." Tuoba Tao hesitated a lot. Yi Xiangfa, General Zhenwei of the Northern Wei Dynasty, after the officials had dispersed, said to the emperor: "Liangzhou is like no water and grass, how did the Juqu clan establish the country? There are different opinions, and we should listen to Cui Hao's words." Tuoba Tao felt reasonable when he heard it. So he decided to conquer. In June of the fifth year of Taiyan (439, the sixteenth year of Yuanjia, Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty), Tuoba Tao set off with his own soldiers again, listing the twelve major crimes of Juqu herding cattle, and divided the army into two ways to attack Liang.Among the army, Tufa Yuanhe, the son of the late Nanliang Lord Tufa Xingtan, volunteered to be a guide. He was familiar with the road and led Wei Jun to his former "hometown". In August, the army of the Northern Wei Dynasty arrived at Guzang. Sure enough, the water and grass outside the city were lush and beautiful, just as Cui Hao said.While Juqu Mujian asked Rouran for help, he sent troops to resist and returned in defeat.Soon, his nephew, Juqu's ancestral city, surrendered to Wei, and Tu Fayuanhe helped the Wei people recruit the Xianbei tribes outside Guzang City.At the end of the road, Juqu Mujian had no choice but to leave the city.Northern Liang perished. At this point, the era of the Sixteen Kingdoms in northern China has come to an end. For more than a hundred years, the north has been unified under the Northern Wei Dynasty.The period of confrontation between the Northern and Southern Dynasties officially began. After Tuoba Tao entered Guzang, he was overjoyed to see with his own eyes the countless treasures in Beiliang's Kufu, and the wealth of scholars and people.At the celebration banquet, the talented emperor sighed: "Mr. Cui has always been very wise. I am not surprised that he has the foresight of victory. Yi Xiangfa was born on a horse and has the same plan as Mr. Cui. It is really amazing." After returning to Pingcheng, Tuoba Tao recalled Li Shun's previous lie that Liangzhou was desolate and there were no water plants, and because Li Shun's appointment of other officials was unfair, old accounts were settled together, and Li Shun was sentenced to death and ransacked his home. Since Juqu Mujian was his brother-in-law, Tuobatao spared his life, and after bringing him back to Pingcheng, he was ordered to live in Wuwei Princess Mansion and placed under house arrest.A few years later, it was reported that Mu Jian had rebelled against the former minister of Beiliang. Tuoba Tao was in a bad mood at the time, so he issued an imperial edict to kill the brother-in-law.