Chapter 30 The establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty

After reading through the ancient classics that advertised "Wei and Jin demeanor", the author found that there are 13 chapters in the volume of "Braveness", of which "General Wang" Wang Dun alone occupies five chapters, nearly half of the length.It is his shocking, uninhibited and unrestrained personality that makes this disciple of a high school unique and outstanding.After thousands of years, its unrestrained and unrestrained boldness is still amazing. When General Wang was young, he used to have the name Tianshe, and his pronunciation was also Chu.Emperor Wu summoned the sages of the time to talk about tricks, and everyone knew about it, but (Wang) Dun didn't care about it, and his intentions were extremely vicious.He said that he knows how to play drums, and the emperor orders them to take drums. (Wang Dun) Raising his sleeves while sitting, raising the hammer and striking vigorously, the syllables are harmonious and quick, the air is arrogant, as if no one is around, and he sits and sighs for his majesty.

Wang Chuzhong (Wang Dun's style name is Chuzhong), has a noble purpose in the world.Tasting wildness and unrestrained color, the disadvantages of body, left and right admonish it, Chu Zhong said: "I don't realize it, it's easy to hear." He opened the back pavilion, drove dozens of maidservants and concubines out of the way, and let them do what they wanted. In short, people sighed. General Wang's eyes are high and his rate is high, and he has learned from the Zuo family. Every time Wang Chuzhong drank, he chanted "The old man is standing on the ground, his ambition is a thousand miles away. The martyr is in his old age, and his ambition is endless."Hit the spitting pot with Ruyi, but the mouth of the pot is completely missing.

Huanxuan, Wu Pingshu, gathered the staff and set up wine in Li Shidian, and all the gentry in Bashu knew about it.Huan (Wen) has always been heroic and refreshing, and his voice is terrific, saying that success or failure in the past and the present depends on people, and survival depends on talent.After it's gone, everyone will talk about it.At that time, Zhou Fu in Xunyang said: "I hate you for not seeing General Wang!" In addition, "Shi Shuo Xin Yu · Eliminate Luxury" also records two other stories that reflect Wang Dun's uninhibited character. Every time Shi Chong wanted to invite guests to Yanji, he often ordered the beauties to drink; if the guests couldn't drink enough, he sent the Huangmen to kill the beauties.Prime Minister Wang (Wang Dao) and the General (Wang Dun) tasted common knowledge (Shi) Chong.The prime minister was not good at drinking, so he forced himself to be intoxicated.Every time the general came to him, he refused to drink to observe the changes. He had already beheaded three people, and his appearance remained the same, but he still refused to drink.The prime minister let it go, and the general said: "The suicide of the Yi family is a matter of He Yuqing!" .)

There are often more than a dozen maidservants in Shichong toilets, all of whom are dressed in beautiful clothes and decorated with algae, and are equipped with decocted nail powder and agarwood.And order new clothes.Customers are too ashamed to go to the toilet.General Wang went, took off his old clothes and put on new ones, with a proud look on his face.The group of maidservants said to each other: "This guest must be a thief." In the chapter "Crossholes", a story about Wang Dun's marriage to Princess Xiangcheng, the daughter of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, was also recorded, which was included in the episode "Crossholes".In fact, it is more appropriate to call Wang Dun's move "bold and unrestrained":

Wang Dunchu Shangzhu.When I went to the toilet, I saw dried jujubes in a lacquer box, which was originally used to stuff my nose.After returning, the maid held a golden bath tray to hold water, and a glazed bowl to hold bath beans. They poured the water and drank it, which was called dry rice.The group of maidservants couldn't help laughing. The founder of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was Sima Rui, styled Jingwen.He is the great-grandson of Sima Yi, but in terms of the blood lineage of Emperor Wu of Jin, this grandfather belongs to the emperor's family Shuzong.If there hadn't been the blood relatives of the Jin family who killed each other during the "Eight Kings Rebellion", and if Shi Le hadn't killed fifty-four princes of the Sima royal family in Ningping City and Weicang, no matter how many rounds they had, they wouldn't have been able to reach this one. Sima Rui, king of Langya, became emperor (although he was of the same generation as Emperor Hui and Emperor Huai).

In the early days of Emperor Hui of Jin's reign, the world was divided and the country was troubled.Sima Rui "concesses every time with respect and thrift, so as not to avoid disaster."On the contrary, Ji Shao (the son of Ji Kang and a loyal official of the Jin Dynasty), the servant at that time, had a good sense of people, and once said to people: "The king of Langya is very hairy and boned, and he is not like a minister." Make it public, otherwise, one of the several Sima princes in power will have murderous intentions, and an imperial edict will send a Shuzong prince like Sima Rui to the west.

In 304 A.D. (the first year of Emperor Hui's Yongxing), after the Battle of Dangyin, King Sima Ying of Chengdu took Emperor Hui to Yecheng.Sima Rui's uncle is Sima Yao, king of Dong'an. He once advised the king of Chengdu to be a courtier to his brother Huidi.The king of Chengdu held a grudge, and he was fighting frequently with Sima Yue, the king of Donghai at that time, and he couldn't tolerate people with "differences" by his side, so he found an excuse to kill Sima Yao, the king of Dong'an. His uncle, King Dong'an, was killed. Sima Rui was terrified and ran away overnight.At that night, the moon and stars were sparse, and the light was as white as day. Chengdu King Sima Ying's pursuers searched everywhere, and this Langya King ran around like a headless fly.Suddenly, the weather suddenly changed and it rained suddenly. The police officers rushed into the shelter to hide from the rain. Sima Rui, who was fleeing like a rabbit, finally got a chance to escape from Yecheng.

Since the King of Chengdu had already issued an order to strictly prevent the Sima royal family and ministers who were at odds with him from entering and exiting the gates, when Sima Rui ran to the Yellow River, the soldiers guarding the ferry rushed up and blocked him there.At the critical moment, fortunately, his entourage, Song Dian, came galloping from behind and slapped Sima Rui's war horse on the buttocks with a whip, and said to the trembling Sima Rui with a smile: "Mr. , how can a person like you be blocked." After speaking, Song Dian rode his horse slowly.Hearing this, the soldiers patrolling the river saw the man on horseback in ordinary attire. They were sure that Sima Rui was not someone, so they waved him to let him go.

In 305 A.D., the second year of Yongxing Emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty, Sima Yue, king of the East China Sea, sent Sima Rui, king of Langya, who was from the same faction as himself, to stay in Xiapi (now Suining, Jiangsu Province), and sent his subordinate Wang Dao, who joined the army, to be Sima Rui's assistant.After the king of the East China Sea embraced Emperor Huai of Jin, he sent Sima Rui to take charge of Jianye alone in 307 AD, and Director Wang also went to Jiangnan with him at that time. When Sima Rui first arrived in Jiangdong, facing the powerful clan left behind by Sun Wu's old regime, he fought and pulled with carrots and sticks, recruited Gu Rong, He Xun and other local famous figures, and put down Sun Bi and Du Xuan. The rebellion finally gained a foothold in the local area.Strange to say, Sima Rui's grandfather, Sima Ni, the old king of Langya, made great achievements in the battle of Pingwu in the early Jin Dynasty. Sun Hao presented the seal ribbon, which was the first to present Sima Ni to surrender.From this, it can be said that there is an indissoluble bond between the old and young King Langya and the land of Jiangdong.

In the fifth year of Emperor Huai of Jin Yongjia, the Xiongnu Han army captured Luoyang, and a large number of Central Plains gentry went south one after another, including Linyi Wang, Taiyuan Wang, Yingchuan Yu, Gaoping Xi, Chenjun Xie, Qiao Guohuan, etc. , with their families and mouths, families and clans fled in a swarm, and took refuge in Jiangdong one after another.Under such circumstances, Sima Rui, with the assistance of Director Wang, recruited many talents and accumulated a large number of outstanding talents capable of politics and good management for Jiangnan. After Jin Mindi succeeded to the throne, he granted Langya King Sima Rui, who was far away in Jiangdong, as Prime Minister Zuo.Since Emperor Min of Jin was named Sima Ye, Jianye was renamed Jiankang to avoid the taboo of the emperor.

Before the fall of Chang'an, the seventeen-year-old emperor Sima Ye knew that he could not escape the fate of being captured, so he sent General Song Zhe of Pingdong to send a letter to Sima Rui, saying, "...I am secluded in a poor city and worry a lot. Collapse...the prime minister can take control of all opportunities, return the old capital, restore the mausoleum, and use it as a shame." After Jin Mindi Sima Ye was captured by the Xiongnu Liu Yao, Liu Kun, Duan Piying, Duan Chen, Shao Xu, Liu Yan, Cao Yi and other officials from the Jin Dynasty, Han and Yi came forward to persuade him to come. In April 318 A.D., the news of Emperor Min's murder came. Sima Rui succeeded to the throne and changed Yuan Taixing to Emperor Jin Yuan. The Eastern Jin Dynasty was officially established. "The king and the horse share the world" In the Jiangdong area, before the arrival of Sima Rui, the local forces (the original aristocratic families in Jiangdong) were still very strong.During the period of Emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty and Emperor Huai of Jin Dynasty, Chen Min, Qian Zhen and others rebelled one after another. Zhou Qi, a major surname in Jiangdong, mobilized aristocratic families, contributed money and efforts, and cooperated with the Western Jin government army to quell the rebellion of these people one after another. Sanding Jiangnan".Although the original intention of Zhou Qi and others was entirely to protect their own family interests, objectively they also created a relatively stable political situation for the later rule of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Jiangdong. At the beginning, when Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea, and Wang Yan, the Taiwei, were in power, important members of the Wang family had already been sent to the Jiangnan area to hold key positions.Wang Cheng is the younger brother of Taiwei Wang Yan, and Wang Dun is Wang Yan's younger brother.In the first year of Emperor Huai of Jin Dynasty Yongjia, Wang Cheng was appointed governor of Jingzhou.In the third year of Emperor Huai's Yongjia reign (309), Wang Dun was appointed governor of Yangzhou.From this, it can be clearly seen that the Langya Wang family headed by Wang Yan has long been psychologically and materially prepared for the southward journey.After Sima Yue died of illness, although Wang Yan himself was killed by Shi Le, the Wang family already held real power and a large army in Jiangdong. The most important person in the Wang family is undoubtedly Wang Dao.Wang Dao is the clan brother of Taiwei Wang Yan and Wang Dun's cousin.When Sima Rui first arrived in Jiangdong, the local aristocratic family members disdained these "fathers" who came from the north, and "were not attached to human feelings".People from the north moved to Jiankang for more than a month, but not many locals came to surrender.Worried, Wang Dao first came up with an idea: taking advantage of the autumn "Sacred Sacrifice" day, Sima Rui himself sat on the shoulders and put on the imperial guards of the royal family hall, and Wang Dun, Wang Dao and other northern celebrities followed on horseback , with majestic posture and solemn expression, so that the dignified majesty of the Jin Dynasty is displayed in front of the natives of the south of the Yangtze River. "Wu Ren Ji Zhan and Gu Rong are all looking forward to the south of the Yangtze River. They peeped at them. Seeing them like this, they were frightened and frightened, so they all worshiped on the left side of the road."Subduing people's hearts with demeanor and ostentation is only something that can be done in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.The director of this play was very successful, and after adding high-ranking officials and nobles to the representatives of the local aboriginal surnames, "because Wu will become popular, the people will return to their hearts."Sima Rui finally won the support of the locals in Jiangnan and gained a firm foothold.Therefore, Sima Rui relied on the Wang family wholeheartedly, not only because the Wang family was a prominent family in his fiefdom when he was the king of Langya, but also because the Wang family strongly supported him after crossing the river. After the fall of Luoyang, in the face of the influx of refugees from Zhongzhou, Wang Dao advised Sima Rui to win the hearts of the people and choose the "sages and gentlemen" among them to be appointed.Seeing that the voice of supporting him is getting louder and louder, Sima Rui trusts Wang Dao more and more, and his love grows day by day. He is called "Zhongfu" and compared with "Xiao He" (Sima Rui himself is "Liu Bang"). Wang Dao himself was also a pure minister, Chang Liang advised Sima Rui to be self-restraining, be tolerant and courteous to the people of Wu.When Wangye was founded, the monarch and his ministers trusted each other and loved each other, which made a good story at that time. On the day of Sima Rui's ascension to the throne, hundreds of officials accompanied him, the music was clear and the ceremony was solemn.Sima Rui didn't feel like an emperor at first, out of sincere gratitude, he actually beckoned to Director Wang who was standing in the hall to "sit on the imperial bed together".Wang Daogu resigned, and Sima Rui called again and again, "As for three or four."In the end, Director Wang declined and said: "If everything under the sun is the same, how can the common people look up to it?" Sima Rui gave Wang Dao this advice, and suddenly felt that he was the "sun", and finally sat on the throne with his big butt and became the first monarch of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. As for Wang Dun, when Sima Rui first ascended the throne, he was appointed as Jingzhou Shepherd. Since then, he has been in the upper reaches of Jingzhou, holding a strong army and controlling the military and political power.Therefore, people at that time called "the king and the horse (referring to the Sima family) shared the world", which was by no means a lie. There is a poem by Zuo Si: "The nobles of the world tend to be high-ranking, and the handsome are the low-ranking officials." It seems that the big families are all the masters of "the public has a father, and the Qing family has a prince".In fact, at the beginning of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was the great clans like Wang and Xie who stood up at the moment of national peril. Take the lead.These also played a crucial role in the further improvement of their family status. The battle between the strong dragon and the local snake Although the Sima Rui regime has always adopted a policy of win over and appease the big families in Jiangdong, and even awarded He Xun and others such "high officials" as Taichang and Shizhong, these are actually empty titles and have no practical significance.What Sima Rui really relied on was the family from the north like Wang Dao, and made them occupy prominent positions and wield real power. After the aristocratic families who fled from the north gained political advantages, they naturally sought economic benefits. Fertile land and beautiful houses were their indispensable goals.However, the traditionally affluent areas in the south of the Yangtze River have long been "famous flowers have owners". The local aboriginal landowners have been operating for generations. How can they easily give up the fertile soil and fertile land to these high-level refugees who staggered from the north?Therefore, the rift between the northern and southern gentry was growing day by day. After Sima Rui settled in Jiangdong, he first "suspicious" Zhou Qi in Yixing (now Yixing). Zhou Qi, who made great achievements in neutrality in "Sanding Jiangnan", was depressed and frustrated. He thought that he had no merit in pushing Sima Rui, so he wanted to launch a Wu rebellion, kill all the ministers in power, and turn against the hostess.Due to poor planning and leaks, several of Zhou Qi's accomplices were killed one after another.If such a serious crime of treason occurred in the early Western Jin Dynasty or the Taiping era, Zhou Qi would have finished the game for the nine clans long ago. Sima Rui had just succeeded to the throne, fearing that the "influence" would not be good, so he suppressed the matter, and appointed Zhou Qi as General Jianwu and Sima of Nanjun, and let him serve as an official in a different place. Knowing that he was plotting to vent his feelings, but also being rejected from a foreign job, Zhou Qi became ill from worry and anger, and died of illness.At the end of his life, he said to his son Zhou Xie: "Those who kill me, you sons. You are my son who can avenge me!" (Wu people call northerners "伧") Zhou Xie didn't obey his father's will, secretly contacted the tribe and the Wu family, recruited troops, and prepared to respond to Xu Fu from Wu Xing who had already raised troops, and Sun Bi, the tribe of Sun Hao, the surrendered lord of Wu.Zhou Xie's elder brother, Zhou Xuxian, raised his army in Yi, in the name of crusade against Wang Dao and Diao Xie, and prepared to have a showdown with the Sima regime.Zhou Zha, Zhou Xie's uncle, heard about this, weighed the pros and cons, and thought success was impossible, so he reported to Kong Kan, the prefect of Yixing.Zhou Xie didn't dare to do anything after hearing the letter.As expected, Xu Fu, Sun Bi, and Zhou Xu were quickly killed, but Sima Rui did not "handle" the case in the end. Zhou Xie "returned home with a lack of ambition, indulged in extravagance and indulgence, and every time he said to people: "How long is life, but be happy!" Now that they have shown their "color" to the local tyrants, the aristocratic families from the north also understand that they, the overseas Chinese, should not anger the local "head snakes" too much, so they turned to the eastern Zhejiang area to ask for land and houses. The township developed there and gradually expanded its influence to the vast areas of Wenzhou and Taizhou.In this way, the conflict between the great clans from the north and the powerful Wu land in the Taihu Lake basin gradually narrowed, and the internal struggles of the Eastern Jin regime cooled down.