Chapter 11 wolf blood is flowing

——Liu Yuan's youthful age Emperor Hui of Jin ascended the throne with an idiot, but Empress Jia committed adultery, and the imperial power fell to the side. The "Eight Kings Rebellion" made the Jin Dynasty even more crumbling. When the ruling class was fighting each other and the sky was dark, although the Sima princes lost their beautiful heads under the sword, the high-ranking gentry were also punished for "standing in the wrong team". However, those who really suffered the most direct and tragic pain were the vast majority of innocent civilians in the Jin Dynasty.In particular, the Han people in the Yellow River Basin were massacred again and again under the iron heel of the "Five Hus", and lingered for years under inhumane political and economic pressure.

In the misfortune between Xiaoqiang and Xiaoqiang, none of the Sima princes of the Jin Dynasty really took advantage of it. Instead, a Hun who claimed to be a descendant of the Liu family of the Han Dynasty took the opportunity to rise up and gave the Western Jin Dynasty a fatal blow. The origin of the group of "wolves" - the Huns who moved inland Since the Han Dynasty, the Huns who lived on today's Mongolian prairie "dwelling after water and grass", from time to time held high the wolf's head and big banners, and gathered together with a roar, and suddenly appeared in the northern frontier of the Han people like a strong wind.They trampled crops, looted cities, burned houses and killed local residents.After the massive looting, they often kidnapped tens of thousands of Han Chinese as slaves.Often before the arrival of the Han army, the Huns disappeared into the endless prairie like ghosts and ghosts.While eating meat and drinking, these barbarians enjoyed the women's treasures they had looted in the north wind, screaming wildly to show their celebration.This situation is not a day or two, not a year or two, nor a decade or two, but for centuries.

In the 22nd year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (46), an unprecedented severe drought occurred on the Mongolian prairie on which the Huns depended for their survival.For the Huns who lived on livestock, the severe drought became an unprecedented disaster.Cattle and sheep have no grass to eat, and thousands of them starve to death; shepherds have no food, and starve to death one after another.However, the corpses of humans and animals piled up, and no one cleaned them up, which triggered rounds of plagues one after another. The Huns, who have always been known as "the proud sons of heaven", "killed more than half", and the mighty and mighty Huns Khanate finally fell into division. , Spalled into South and North Xiongnu.

The southern Xiongnu temporarily put away their wolf nature and crawled under the banner of the Golden Dragon of the Han Dynasty; the northern Xiongnu were forced to migrate westward.In 91 A.D., the army of the Eastern Han Dynasty took advantage of the victory to drive the Northern Huns beyond the Jinwei Mountain (Altai Mountain). The panicked Northern Huns had no choice but to go west, cross the Ural Mountains, escape the Volga River, and go north of the Caspian Sea. Dare to sit down and take a breath.After more than two centuries, the Northern Huns, who continued to intermarry and reproduce with local ethnic groups during their migration, re-established their country in the current Hungarian Plain, began to gain a foothold in Eastern Europe, and regarded Western Europe as a tiger.In the 5th century, Attila, the Hun king, once showed great power and killed the blood of Europe, and was feared by the Roman Empire as the "God's Whip".But the good times didn't last long. In 453 A.D., Attila died violently in the arms of a beautiful woman. The Huns Khanate that moved north finally fell apart, scattered and merged with various ethnic groups in Europe.

Let's talk about the Southern Huns.There were more than 5,000 Southern Xiongnu attached to the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the beginning, they were placed in Wuyuansai (now west of Baotou, Inner Mongolia, south of Wulashan Mountain), and soon moved to Xihe Meiji (now Inner Mongolia Zhungeer Banner).The Eastern Han Dynasty spent more than 100 million silver every year to supply these failed barbarians, and wanted them to become a barrier to defend the Northern Huns.However, it is estimated that the Han army was too powerful at the beginning, and the brave soul of the Huns had been beaten to pieces. After the Xianbei who followed the Huns occupied the former homeland of the Huns, they continued to move westward. The Southern Huns were defeated again and again. Countless people and horses were killed, cattle and sheep lost tens of millions, and they retreated more and more to the south, and finally they were run to Zuoguo City in Lishi, Shanxi (now north of Lishi County, Shanxi).

The Yellow Turbans were in chaos in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the Han government ordered the Huns cavalry to enter the Central Plains to help suppress the uprising. Of course, the various ministries of the Southern Huns were unwilling to be "cannon fodder", so they killed the pro-Han Qiangqu Shanyu and established Shun as the Chanyu. .Yu Fuluo, the son of Qiangqu Chanyu, fled to Han to seek an "explanation" from the big man. On the way, he saw wars raging in Han and killing each other, so the prince of the Huns suddenly became wolfish and led thousands of elites to fight against each other. The cavalry mixed with the rebellious army in the Central Plains, attacked and killed everywhere, and took advantage of the fire to loot.

In 216 A.D., the great hero Cao Mengde discovered that the Huns who moved to Serenity had a prosperous population and a large population, so they divided their authority and divided the Southern Huns into five tribes, the left, the south, the north, and the middle. One person, sent Han people as Sima to supervise (During the time of Cao Wei, the commander was renamed Duwei). The left part of the Southern Xiongnu commanded more than 10,000 Luos, who lived in Zishi County (now Linfen, Shanxi); the right side ruled more than 6,000 Luos, living in Qi County (now Qi County, Shanxi); the south governed more than 3,000 Luos, living in Puzi County (now Xi County, Shanxi); more than 4,000 Luo in the north, living in Xinxing County (now Xin County, Shanxi); more than 6,000 Luo in the central, living in Daling County (now Wenshui County, Shanxi).As a result, more than 30,000 Southern Huns settled in the area of ​​the Fenshui River Basin all over the surrounding area.But at that time, the various tribes of the Huns were in awe of Cao Cao, the wise and powerful prime minister. They farmed and herded at ordinary times, and sent troops and horses in wars. They were completely "obedient people" of the Han Dynasty. Serving a job is the same as registering a household.” There is basically no big difference between the Huns who moved inland and the Han people in the inland.

Among the Xiongnu who entered the fortress, there were nineteen kinds in total, each of which belonged to each other and had its own lineage. Among them, the most famous ones were Tuvarian, Qiangquzhong, Lushuihu and so on.This group of people showed great power in the Sixteen Kingdoms era in the future, slaughtering all kinds of Han and former Zhao (304-329) established by the Liu family, Daxia (407-431) established by the Helian family, and Qiangqu Later Zhao (319-349) was established.In addition, the Juqu family in Lushui Huzhong also established Beiliang in the northwest (397-439). Because Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, married a princess of the clan into the Xiongnu, the Tu various nobles assumed the surname Liu, and they had the most prestigious status among the Huns. Therefore, the five Hun commanders were all Xiongnu nobles with the surname Liu.In addition, the Xiongnu had four noble surnames: Huyan, Bu, Lan, and Qiao, all of whom were assistant senior officials surnamed Liu.All these Huns have been immigrating to Senegal for a long time, and their Sinicization is deepening day by day.The aristocratic children among them are not only well-read, but also good at riding and shooting. They can be said to be the nobles of the ethnic minorities in northern China who are capable of writing and martial arts.Although they were subjects of the Great Jin Dynasty and lived together with the majority of Han people around them, these Xiongnu commanders still had traditional authority over the five tribes.The five tribes of the Huns were constantly preparing for war, and they could transform into a powerful military organization in an instant with a single order.

Liu Yuan, courtesy name Yuanhai, is a direct descendant of Maodun Shanyu of the Huns. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Qiangqu Shanyu was killed, his son Yu Fuluo claimed to be Shanyu and fled to Han with thousands of horsemen. At the time of Dong Zhuo's rebellion, he took the opportunity to plunder Taiyuan, Hedong, and Hanoi. garrison.After the death of Fuluo Shanyu, his younger brother Huchuquan Shanyu was established, and Liu Bao, the son of Yufuluo Shanyu, was named Zuoxian King.This Zuo Xianwang is the father of the famous Liu Yuan in the future. Cao Cao divided the southern Xiongnu into five divisions, and Liu Baode was the commander of the left division.In the "Book of Jin", Liu Yuan is called by character, all of which are Liu Yuanhai. This is because the "Book of Jin" was compiled by the ministers of the Tang Dynasty to avoid the taboo of the name of the great ancestor Li Yuan (another Jie emperor, Shi Hu, is collectively called Shi Jilong, Because Li Yuan's father's name is Li Hu).

Liu Yuan lived in the Han region since he was a child, and was deeply influenced by Han culture. He studied hard and studied hard since he was a child. He studied under Cui You, a famous scholar in Shangdang, and studied traditional Han classics such as "Mao Shi", "Jing Shi Yi" and "Sima Shangshu".Because of his family background, he also especially likes to study "Spring and Autumn Zuo Shi Zhuan", "Sun Wu Art of War" and other military books related to conquest. ""History", "Han", all the scholars, all have a comprehensive overview."It can be called a highly Sinicized Huns. "When I was seven years old, I was worried by my mother, and I jumped and howled, mourning my neighbors, and my clan and tribe admired me together."Such "filial piety" also shows that the morality and etiquette of the Huns like Liu Yuan are almost completely Sinicized.

When he was young, Liu Yuan had great ambitions, and he often said to his fellow Han scholars: "Every time I read books and biographies, I often despise Lu Wuwu (Han Dynasty civil servant Suihe, Lu Jia), Jiangguan Wuwen (referring to Han Dynasty military general Zhou Bo He Guanying, Zhou Bo was granted the title of Marquis of Jiang). Dao is governed by people, and those who don’t know anything are the shame of a gentleman.” So he worked hard to practice martial arts, “It’s wonderful among all, the ape’s arms are good at shooting, and his physical strength is superior to others. .” Originally a direct descendant of the Xiongnu royal family who favored martial arts, and there are many people who are good at riding and shooting in the five tribes, it must be a matter of course for Liu Yuan to practice martial arts.Not only literary talent, but also good at martial arts, both civil and military, Liu Yuan was like a dragon among men at that time. Because he was a noble breed of the Huns, Liu Yuan's genetics are very good.He is "majestic in appearance, with a body length of eight feet and four inches, a beard more than three feet long, and three red hairs, three feet and six inches long".Jin people like to judge a person's future luck from his appearance. After seeing Liu Yuan, several fortune-tellers were shocked and said, "This person has a very good appearance, which I have never seen before." Wang Hun, a wealthy family in Taiyuan, also sighed deeply A man of talent, he ordered his son Wang Ji to meet Liu Yuan. During the reign of Cao Wei and Xianxi (264-265), Liu Yuan lived in Luoyang as a "ren son" (that is, the son of a nobleman of a minority ethnic group was taken as a "hostage" in the capital). At that time, Sima Zhao regarded him very highly and often invited him to the mansion. After Emperor Wu of Jin received Zen, Wang Hun, then a minister of the Jin Dynasty, kept recommending Liu Yuan, a "half-towner" in front of Emperor Wu of Jin.After Emperor Wu of Jin summoned Liu Yuan, he was "joyed" and said to Wang Hun's son and his son-in-law, Wang Ji: "Liu Yuanhai's appearance is a lesson, even Yu Yu (Jin) Richen can't compare with him." Wang Ji replied Said: "What the Holy Majesty said is true, but Liu Yuanhai's civil and military talents far exceed those of Yu and (Jin) Riying, two ancients who came from different races and assisted the Han Dynasty. If your majesty can send him to pacify Wu, he will definitely be able to do so immediately." Success." Hearing the recommendations of Wang Hun and Wang Ji's father and son, Emperor Wu of Jin himself had a good impression of Liu Yuan, and when he was happy, he really wanted to send this Hun to lead troops to defeat Wu.Fortunately, the ministers at that time, Kong Xun and Yang Hao, had great political foresight, and remonstrated: "Liu Yuanhai's talent is indeed beyond ordinary people. If your Majesty does not give you many soldiers, it will not be enough to accomplish things; if you give him authority, I am afraid that after he pacifies Wu, he will surely Stand on your own as a king, and never cross the north again. If you are not of my race, your heart must be different! If you really hand over the Huns headquarters to him, and rely on the prestige of the court to challenge others, your majesty will be really chilled to be a minister!" "Emperor Silently" and didn't insist any more.As a result, Liu Yuan's first "good opportunity" was missed. Later, the generals of the Di tribe in the Guanlong area rebelled, and Emperor Wu of Jin searched among the ministers of the court for who could be the chief general to counter the rebellion.Another fellow of Liu Yuan, Shangdang member Li Xie (then Shangshu Pushe) also recommended him: "Your Majesty can send the five tribes of the Huns and give Liu Yuanhai the title of General. It will be settled." Minister Kong Xun once again remonstrated: "Li Gong's words can only be a trouble that has not been settled and another trouble will arise!" Li Xun was furious and retorted: "With the strength of the Huns, the Xiaobing of Yuanhai (Liu Yuan) and the prestige of the country, why can't they put down the rebellion!" Kong remonstrated symmetrically: "If Liu Yuanhai is really able to kill trees and seize Liangzhou, I am afraid that Liangzhou is really facing a catastrophe. The dragon will no longer curl up in the pond when it regains the cloud and rain." "The (Wu) Emperor is stopping." Liu Yuan missed the second opportunity to show his skills. After receiving these two heavy blows, Liu Yuan was really disheartened.Once, Wang Mi, a Donglai native who is known as a knight-errant, returned home from Luoyang (this Wang Mi would also become a great disaster to the Jin Dynasty in the future), and Liu Yuan gave Wang Mi a farewell party at the shore of Jiuqu.After a few rounds of drinking, Liu Yuan cried and said to Wang Mi: "Wang Hun and Li Xun are my fellow villagers. They recommended me in front of the emperor many times, but they caused slanderous remarks. In fact, I have never been a high-ranking official. But Er Gong’s good intentions turned into bad things, but you (Wang Mi) understand my heart! From now on, I’m afraid I’m going to die of old age in Luoyang City, and I’ll bid farewell to you forever!” After speaking, the sad song was generous, drinking and shouting, Everyone in one was moved by this "performance". Coincidentally, Sima You, the younger brother of Emperor Wu of Jin, King Qi, was also having a banquet at Jiuqu. He heard the noise of people nearby, singing, crying and shouting (Chang Xiao), so he galloped up to see what happened.Liu Yuan's verbal performances were all seen and heard by this wise and intelligent prince.After he returned to the court, he immediately said to Sima Yan, the elder brother of the emperor: "Your Majesty, if you don't get rid of Liu Yuanhai, I fear that Bingzhou will not be peaceful in the future!" Liu Yuanhai is a kind man, and I guarantee with my life and wealth that he will not have any dissenting intentions. Now that I am a great Jin, I have a long way to go, how can I do something like killing the Xiongnu and serving as a hostess!" Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty was not a king of grand plans, so he thought Wang Hun was right.Liu Yuan escaped again.