Chapter 2 Volume Eighteen

Lian Heng said: In the past, the Taigong ruled Qi and ruled the mountains and the seas to colonize Qi.Because of this, Guan Zhong made Qi prosperous and strong, so he was able to dominate the princes and drive away barbarians and di, and his achievements were passed down for generations.From the time of Han Xing to Emperor Wu, the land was expanded to use troops, the army moved every year, and the national economy was insufficient. Officials of salt and iron were set up to discuss the tax of wine and wine.Ministers of literature think of amassing money, while utilitarians think of enriching the country.Taiwan's sales system began in the Qing Dynasty.At the beginning, salt and sulphur, and then coal and brain, are considered to be the natural benefits of heaven and earth, and if they are revitalized, they will be enough to enrich the country and benefit the people.First of all, those who cast pots, pans, and agricultural tools in Taiwan are, for example, selected by local officials, and the vassals give them permission, and pay their taxes. There are seven or twenty households in Taiwan, called casting households.Its iron was purchased by Zhangzhou, and it was punished for smuggling.Because Taiwan is isolated from the sea, it is considered to build weapons, so the officials supervise it.However, since the opening of trade, the import of foreign railways has been included in the tax rules, and the old rules have become empty texts.In the thirteenth year of Tongzhi, Shen Baozhen, the imperial envoy, asked to abolish it, so that users can use it conveniently.Every country has its own system of asking and selling, and there may be differences in size and severity, but this is what Taiwan does.The record says: "The common people are sufficient, who is the ruler?" The purpose is profound.

Salt On the coast of Taiwan, boiling water to make salt is very beneficial.In the past, the salt tasted bitter and astringent, so it was not suitable for use, and it was mostly imported from Zhang and Quan.In the 19th year of Yongli, Chen Yonghua, who joined the army after consultation, began to teach the people how to dry salt, and chose a place in the south of Tianxing, which is today's Lakou.The method is to build a corner of the sea, pave it with broken bricks, divert water into the pool, and when it is brine, splash it and sun it, it can be done in a day.The color is white and salty, and there is little effort.Xu Min sells it by himself, and imposes taxes on it.After returning to the Qing Dynasty, there were more and more salt households, and the market became wider and wider. They competed for drying and auctioning, and the market prices varied.In the spring of the fourth year of Yongzheng, it was returned to the government and managed by the government, and four salt fields were set up: the south of the state and the north of the state, which were Wudingli in Taiyi; Dazhuli in the city is adjacent to the foot of Dagu Mountain.There is one steward and ten patrols, or eight, or six, depending on the size of each field, to prevent private leaks.Salt households dry salt, for example, in spring and winter, spring is called a big flood, winter is called a small flood, and summer and autumn are rainy.Salt is stored in the field and its price is issued.Silver is one cent and two cents per stone, and Senan is slightly inferior, minus two cents.The annual harvest is about 90,000 shi, or up to 100,000 shi.There is a main library in the central government, and branch libraries in each town.The sellers went to the library to pay their lessons and were led out.Its salt, stone and silver are three coins.Carried by water and land, depending on the distance of the road, the market price is determined, so it is uneven in different places.In addition to the monthly payment of salt households and funds, the income of the salt class is kept in the treasury, and the book is made and declared to be paid for the soldiers.In the 20th year of Qianlong's reign, Setong was added as the foot of Jingzai in Jiayi, and Budaizui and Beimenyu were also successively established.It is built to show, light to set up governance, and the reclamation households are advancing day by day, so it is given here.In fifty-five years, in addition to Taiwan's quota, all chengdi mud and salt, about 20,000 shi, were distributed to various departments and counties for sale, and more than 1,818 taels were collected every year, and they were recorded and sold.In the fifteenth year of Jiaqing, the Kavalan Hall was set up, and the salt was sold in Setbei. The yearly sales were 7,000 stones, which were collected and transported back to the hall.In addition to the original price and folded silver, you can get a surplus of 1,337 taels of grained silver.First, at the turn of spring and summer, the fishing boats in Xinghua and Hui'an are harvested by the wind, and the orchids are harvested.There are occasional collections, and in autumn and winter, the price is as high as 20 or 30 Wen.And after the establishment of an official, smuggling is prohibited, and it is proposed to sell Guangchao salt according to Tingzhou, raise chicken coops and boats, and send them to Putian and Hui'an to buy and transport them on the spot, so as to fund the people's food.Gaiyilan is a secluded place in the north-east, and the government salt has to wait for the wind to blow in when it is transported to fresh water. It takes a long time, or it may be cut off, so its price is high.However, the minister did not allow it, and took Lan as a genus of Taiwan to sell the government's salt, so as to eliminate private traffickers, and the urgency was sufficient, so it was agreed to return to the hall.Starting from March of the eighteenth year, the price is sixteen coins per catty, which is convenient for users.

In the seventh month of Daoguang's fourth year, the provincial assembly blocked the Yanyin in Nanjing and Changtai counties, and asked Taiwan to sell it as an agency.Therefore, the annual class is 17,000 shi, combined with the 130,000 shi from Taiwan's self-tanners, which is quite a huge amount of money.Since then, Beibei has been opened up day by day, and there are hundreds of thousands of residents, but the government salt is still sold, and it is inconvenient to collect and distribute.In Xianfeng Middle School, he was allowed to sunbathe himself on Huzai Mountain. At that time, private salt was flooded, and the class items dropped sharply.In February of the sixth year of Tongzhi, it was transferred to the Daoist Office and severely arrested, and Huzai Mountain Farm was also returned to the government.Moved to the government in seven years, returned to Daoism in February of the ninth year, and returned to the government in ten years, and the more salt was introduced.Penghu is surrounded by the sea on all sides, and the small islands are staggered. The land is bittern, which can be dried by itself. They still sell government salt, eighty catties per silver dollar, and the color is gray and slightly bitter.The Peng people use the sea as their field, and they need a lot of salt. If they don't get it, people will suffer from it.At the beginning of Guangxu, it was proposed to set up a salt field, but it was not allowed.The province was established in eleven years, and the salt affairs were rectified in fourteen years. The northern and southern prefectures each set up a general bureau to take care of it.The south returns to the soldiers and prepares the way, while the north returns to the chief envoy.Keelung, Mengka, Yilan, Hsinchu, Dajia, Lukang, Chiayi, Fengshan, Hengchun, and Penghu each set up a main branch, and there are still small branches in each place, which are run by the people.The owners of the pavilion are mostly gentry and eunuchs, and they have made a lot of profits.The sales of salt in Taiwan are based on the population. Each person spends three qian a day, and the annual cost is six catties or twelve taels. If three million people are counted, then the amount of salt will be 22000 to 50000 catties.One penny of silver per catty is two hundred and twenty-two thousand five hundred taels, which is one of the bulk of the actual annual income.

Raw and unexamined, in a secluded place in the inner mountains, like hair drinking blood, needing salt and holes urgently.Those who are naturalized are given by officials, or exchanged.According to the old records, there is a salty spring in Chongyao Mountain, and the ground is dug to draw it, bamboo is woven into a wok, mud is applied inside and outside, and it is boiled into salt.If Zhongli and Houlong are cooked in various places, and there are those who cook themselves with pickled sand and bittern, the officials will not collect lessons.When Gai was naturalized, he was also a quasi-player.

sulfur Sulfur is produced in Danshui, which is now the land of Beitou. When the Spaniards occupied Taiwan, they dug it.But the miasma is rampant, the water is infested with insects, and the workers are often sick.After returning to the Qing Dynasty, in the winter of the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi, the Fuzhou Gunpowder Bureau suffered a disaster.The custodians are responsible for the compensation, and they want to send officials there, but they dare not come. Yu Yonghe, the benevolent and living beings, is in the province, so please go.In the spring of the thirty-sixth year, he went to the county in February and went north in April. Zhang Da, the general manager of the Tamsui Society, was first ordered to enter Beitou to build a house.As soon as it arrived, the chieftains gathered to drink, told about the sulphur-picking, and made about a basket of Yibu seven feet.Fanxi, each negative sulfur to.Ordered to cook it, there are two kinds of sulfur, yellow and black, and the quality is light and shiny.Burn it with a finger, the rustling sound is good, otherwise it is bad.It is first crushed into powder, and it is extremely dry in a stormy day. Put oil in a wok, slowly put it into the soil, and stir it with two people holding bamboo poles.Once the soil has oil, the sulfur will come out, and the oil and soil will blend together to form things.One wok can get four to five hundred catties, or one or two hundred catties, depending on the purity of the heat.The place where sulphur is produced is Neibeitou. The stones are indigo-colored. There are boiling springs. The grass is sallow. There is no business. The white air at the foot of the mountain is like a cloud. It is a sulphur cave, and the wind is very bad.Half a mile further, there is no vegetation, the ground is as hot as scorching, and more than fifty white air is rising from the ground, and the thunder is shaking, and the ground is about to move.So those who don't fall into it will be full of enthusiasm.The poisonous flame in the acupoint hits people, and the brain is about to split.There is a stream on the left, the sound is like an inverted gorge, that is, the source of the boiling spring.Yonghe's "A Journey to the Bohai Sea" says something like this.At that time, fresh water had not been provided, and Beitou was in Fanjing, and treacherous people sneaked in to make gunpowder privately.In Qianlong's reign, it was forbidden to show it, and he ordered Tun Ding to guard it.Every four seasons, the deputy general of the North Road Camp sent Bian into the mountain to burn the vegetation and cook it privately.In the second year of Tongzhi, Xu Zongqian, governor of Fujian, asked for mining to benefit military affairs.In the past six years, Yan Jinqing, the Tongzhi of Danshui, asked not to do so. There are four things to consider in order to collect it.In the eighth year, Lu Bishan was ordered by the Minister of Commerce and Industry of Nanyang to come to Taiwan to purchase and recruit workers to cook it.Then Yang Renyuan, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang Province, and Li Zhaotang, the general of Yinggui, and Li Zhaotang, sent personnel to investigate.Because at that time, the army was organized and armed forces were used, and gunpowder was often used, so it was proposed to mine it.However, because the production is not huge, it may consume funds, and it will be re-sealed in nine years.And Liu Mingchuan served as governor, seeking to colonize land.In the thirteenth year of Guangxu, the General Administration of Brain Sulfur was set up, and both camphor and camphor were under the government's control, and the production became more and more prosperous until today.

coal Coal is the bulk of minerals, and Taiwan has a lot of them, but Keelung is the most prosperous.When Spain occupied the north, it was excavated and used, and its traces still exist, which is today's fairy cave.After returning to the Qing Dynasty, it was still mining.During the Qianlong period, the number of immigrants gradually increased, and officials were asked to stop them because they would hurt the dragon's veins, but there were still private diggers.In the fifteenth year of Daoguang, Lou Yun, the Tongzhi of Danshui, banned him again.Seventeen years later, Tongzhi Cao Jin was banned again.But when the sea communication has been opened, east and west travels, using Taiwan as the path, so all countries pay more attention.During the smoking ban campaign, British ships spied on Keelung, Heping, and the British came to Taiwan to seek business.In the twenty-eighth year, the British navy guerrilla Wu Lun went to Keelung, surveyed the coal seam, and returned to his country.Thirty years later, the British envoy asked the British to mine, but he was not allowed.In the fourth year of Xianfeng, the admiral of the U.S. Navy, Bi Li, also came to investigate. He used the rich coal seams to plan to occupy this place and build a military port to open up the U.S. trade route, but the Taiwanese didn't know it.The agreement in Tianjin allowed Keelung to do business.In the third year of Tongzhi, Fuzhou Taxation Department wrote a letter requesting British merchants to lease land to start the business due to the benefits of coal mining. The Tamsui Taxation Department also said so.The governor Xu Zongqian made a statement, and the gentry and the people also made a covenant: "The Jilong Mountain area is a land of dragons, beautiful, and windy. There are treacherous people near the coast, falsely claiming that there is coal at the root of the mountain, and it is difficult to guarantee nothing. If people steal and dig, once they are damaged, the whole Taiwan will be disadvantaged. In case of sneak digging, they will be rounded up and sent to the officials. If they dare to resist, they will be shot to death. Those who do not obey will be punished by public discussion."

In the first month of the spring of the ninth year, Governor Yinggui ordered Li Zhaotang, the governor of the department, to send personnel to investigate, and Hu Bin and Danshui Tongzhi, the alternate governor of Jiangsu, were appointed to conduct the investigation.According to the east side of Fuhai Port, Shen'ao Badu, Land, Gongkeng, Penny House, Piankeng, Tianfugang, Houshan, Shigeng, Nuannuan, Sijiao Pavilion, Dashuibori, etc., all belong to the side mountains. It hinders the main pulse, and it is far away from the houses, and there is no hindrance in the tomb of Tianyuanlu.Ninety-two holes were counted: 23 holes were closed, the coal was exhausted, and the land returned to the mountain owner; For example, the four-legged pavilion and the four holes, the water between summer and autumn is also shallow and difficult to transport, and it can only be allocated in August and September.So it was said that the mountain owners and the villagers were gathered together, and the mining regulations were finalized, and the stone was erected as the boundary. It was not allowed to rent to outsiders, and it was sold privately.Each cave is twenty-five miles from north to south, and five or six miles from east to west.Those who close it cannot be opened again, with a limit of seventy holes.And the coal households must be locals, and those who have relatives in the tombs, and protect each other, and those who have worked for foreign companies are not allowed.Coal workers must also be natives, and only those whose homes are within fifty miles can be used.No more than 20 people per cave.Coal households are provided with insurance, and the coal they produce is sold in the middle of the investment bank, and the officials supervise the handling, and those who violate it will be punished.Although the prohibition agreement is opened, the restraint is still strict.At that time, Keelung and Huwei were already the ports of trade, and ships came in and out, and coal was used more and more, or it was transported to Fuzhou and Xiamen, and the annual output was as much as 300,000 to 400,000 tan, and as little as more than 100,000 tan.Its coal is third-class: the upper one is called corner coal, which is worth two hundred dollars; the second is medium coal, which is slightly lower;This is the price in the mountains.If it is transported out of the market, it will vary depending on the distance of the road. As usual, a tax of 5% per load is levied, but those adopted by the Shipping Bureau are exempted, and coal households are not taxed.In the first year of Guangxu, Shen Baozhen, the imperial envoy, said: "The land of Taiwan is sick from the soil, and the disease of the soil is due to the sparse population. The ocean is far away, and the profit is bound to be tripled. Then, the people in the mainland will not be called. Come on. However, the profit of land reclamation is not as great as the profit of coal mining; the profit of land reclamation is slow, not as fast as that of coal mining. The northern and southern provinces use coal for cooking on a daily basis, and use coal to keep out the cold in winter. If the export is prosperous, the coal The price must be high, which is not without obstacles for the people. Taiwan does not need this for cooking and keeping out the cold, and there is no market except for export. Although its coal is crisp and crisp, it is not as good as Western products, but it is not far away compared with the East. However, although Taiwan's coal is rich, mining has not been very prosperous in recent years, which is why it is unsalable. Western media, Jinshan is the best partner. In the past, ships all came around Jinshan. In addition to cargo, coal was ballasted. The price of coal is good and the price is solid It is no match for Taiwanese coal. Since the opening of the Red Sea in Egypt, foreign ships no longer have to detour to Jinshan, and the coal in Jinshan has become thinner and its price has become higher. However, Taiwanese coal is still not selling well. The tax rate must be reduced to attract more people. After that, although the tax rate If the income is reduced, but the income is still not disparate, the livelihood of the people will improve. The Taiwan coal used by the shipping bureau is exempted from tax, which is not included in the rules. Now it is proposed to reduce the tax for each ton of coal exported. If Meng Tianen grants permission, I would like to order the Prime Minister's Office of State Affairs, and the General Taxation Department, stating that Taiwan's coal has nothing to do with the daily use of the people, but is necessary for foreign ships. Example." Zhao Ke.

In three years, a British man was hired as a miner, and eight blocks of machinery were acquired, which greatly expanded the mining and exported more. However, the funds are complicated and not enough to use, the committee members are floating, and the accumulated disadvantages are getting deeper and deeper.In February of the eighth year, Taiwan Taoist Liu Ao asked the governor, and briefly said: "Taipei Coal Affairs is Taiwan's leak, and it has not been a day since China and foreign countries have doubts. Founded as a coal business owner, and did not perform his duties in person, he watched from afar, discussed the regulations, lost time and negligence, and failed to agree. However, he was repeatedly approved by the government, but he did not dare to spend huge sums of money every month. Responsibility for Taiwan defense matters is to be put in the future. Zhang Shengdao knew the difficulty well before, so he asked the shipping administration to manage it. This is the reason. Afterwards, Li Xingxian said that it was all handled by the shipping administration. It was said that the coal business was worse than the calendar. No one is allowed, too much money is spent, the cost is too heavy, money is taken everywhere, and reimbursed at will. Since Zheng Ling took over, from the perspective of the report, he seems to be more sure than the previous members. The untruths are still unavoidable. Badu was solved with a total of more than 19,850 stones of charcoal, but Keelung only collected more than 16,550 stones. For more than ten miles, it was less than three More than 1,300 stones are already incomprehensible. However, Badu was solved with 9,000 stones of powdered charcoal, and Keelung only collected 3,430 stones, which was 5,180 stones less. When Keelung sent and received , and each has its own loss, and the big comparison has lost 10%. Not only the fineness is reduced, but also the weight is lost. In one transfer, within one month, it consumes more than 8,000 stones. Waiting to burn government coal, it takes a month to thousands of stones, three foreigners burn nine thousand catties of government coal a month, and three lamps on the side of the road burn 40,000 catties of government coal a month. Excessive consumption is also the case. As for the amount of money, the price of coal mining is more than the amount received, up to more than 3,400 shi. The price of truck transportation is also difficult to calculate. All kinds of waste are hard to enumerate. Today The drafting committee will make up for it with the prefect Shi Youfen, and the alternate general judge Li Jiatang will handle it together, but I want to make a mistake in Taiwan, so please make up for it." So the eight articles of the constitution were finalized, and they tried their best to straighten it out.From time to time, Bidwei Yang Co., Ltd. took over the sale of total coal. The shipping bureau thought it was impossible, so it established its own Taiwan Coal Bureau in Shanghai, and entrusted merchants to sell it in Shantou, Hong Kong, and Xiamen. More than 200,000 yuan, but the bureau fee is only tens of thousands of yuan, more income and less output, gradually improving.If it can expand the market, it will be particularly beneficial.In the battle of law, Keelung fell, and the coal bureau was destroyed.In Heping, governor Liu Mingchuan set up a coal affairs bureau and appointed Zhang Honglu to run it, investing more than 400,000 taels, buying new machines, hiring foreign miners, and recruiting workers for mining.By the thirteenth year, the daily output of coal could be hundreds of tons, but the handling was not appropriate.The Ming Chuan Commission used Cantonese merchants as agents, and there were many complaints, and the Ministry of Discussions thought it was impossible, so it returned to the government.When Shao Youlian arrived, he abolished it.

kerosene Kerosene, or oil, has benefits that were unknown to the predecessors.Taiwanese people mostly use soybean oil to light lamps, and since the discovery of kerosene by Westerners, it was brought into Taiwan. It was only found in the cities at first, and it has spread all over the villages in less than ten years, because it is cheap and light.For the use of kerosene, the comets in the United States are the most used, followed by the products of Russia and China, with an annual rate of hundreds of thousands of yuan.However, Taiwan has its own kerosene, but the mining method is unknown, which is a pity.In the last years of Xianfeng, Qiu Goutong, a Cantonese, seduced Shengfan to kill people, and the officials were in a hurry to arrest him, so he escaped into the mountains.When I went to the upper stream of Maoli River, I saw oil on the surface of the water.I was secretly delighted to tell Wu, who paid a hundred gold for it, but didn't know how to use it.Gou Fukuo Baoshun foreign trade, at the age of more than a thousand taels of silver.So they fought for power with each other and gathered people to fight with each other for a long time.In February of the ninth year, Tamsui Tongzhi arrested Gou and punished him, and foreign merchants had no right to mine in the interior, so he was sealed off.And Shen Baozhen toured the stage and heard about it.In the fourth year of Guangxu, two American engineers were hired for inspection. After that, the oil veins were the most prosperous, and they bought machines to get them.At the beginning, there was a lot of salt water, and when it was dug to hundreds of feet, it reached the oil vein, and it rolled out, and it was fifteen tons a day.For a long time, the engineer and Yousi did not get along, so he resigned and was abolished.In the thirteenth year of Guangxu, the governor Liu Mingchuan set up a kerosene bureau, which was concurrently run by Lin Chaodong, the commander of the Weidong army, but the production was not much, and the income was not enough.In the seventeenth year, Shao Youlian, the governor, withdrew him.According to mine experts, Taiwan's oil veins are very long, winding thousands of miles from Miaoli to the town of Anzu.There are many volcanoes in Taiwan, and there is gas in between. The quality is like charcoal, and the light is better than coal.

Camphor Camphor is a specialty of Taiwan.When Zheng Zhilong lived in Taiwan, he went into the mountains to reclaim land, cut camphor and boiled it, which is now under the jurisdiction of Chiayi County.It is distributed to Japan for medicinal materials, and its method is passed on from Quanzhou.After returning to the Qing Dynasty, Fandi was banned, and the offender died.In the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi, more than a hundred people who tortured brains were arrested and punished.In the third year of Yongzheng, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, Man Bao, approved the warships of the Penguin Navy and ordered them to set up factories in Taiwan to repair and build them, under the supervision of the Taiwan Taoist Association.Therefore, the two north and south roads set up military materials halls, felled large trees, and used them as ship materials, and Xi Jiang was the first to take the post.There are two kinds of Zhangbei Road in Taiwan. The fragrant one can boil the brain, and the smelly one is just a utensil.Therefore, the craftsman first led the crowd into the mountain, and promised to boil the brain for personal gain, but others were forbidden.In the fifth year of Daoguang, a military factory was first set up in Mengka, and a military material store was also set up to handle brain affairs. The brains boiled in Neishan were all collected and distributed.During the anti-smoking campaign, British ships went to chicken coops, secretly using opioids to change their brains.Traitors make profits, and selfishness is flourishing day by day, and laws can hardly be prohibited.In the fifth year of Xianfeng, the British merchant Deji Co., Ltd. began to contract with Taiwan Road to purchase brains. The price was 16 yuan per load, and it was sent to Europe.Ten years later, Taiwan opened its port, and foreign businessmen gradually arrived.Camphor is an export product with an age of about 200,000 yuan. Chen Fangbo of Taiwan Road proposed to return it to the government and set up a bureau to collect it.In the second year of Tongzhi, the Mengka Restaurant was changed to the Brain Hall, and small restaurants were set up in Zhuqian, Houlong, Dajia, etc. to manage the affairs.At that time, Mengka and Dajia produced a lot of them, each with 12,000 to 3,000 dans, and the bamboo cuttings and back ridges also had 12,000 tans each.However, Kavalan and Changhua's inner mountains are boiled, and they are used more and more. However, because they are government-run, foreign businessmen cannot make profits.In five years, Consul An Pingying was asked to return to the private office, but Wu Dating, the military preparer, refused.The envoys stationed in Beijing and Britain thought that there was an obstacle to trade, so they negotiated with the Prime Minister's Office of International Affairs.In six years, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang sent Xingquan Yongdao Zeng Xiande to Taiwan to discuss matters with the British consul.In eight years, the official office was abolished, and the regulations for purchasing brains were newly established. All foreign businessmen entering the mainland to purchase brains must first apply for a passport from the General Taxation Department, fill in the name of the business, and pay half of the export tax in lieu of the mainland tax.Transport to the port, report to the customs, pay taxes according to regulations, and then export.If there is no passport, the brain will be confiscated, and the person will be punished.However, it is not a treaty port, and foreign merchant ships are not allowed to berth, nor are they allowed to trade privately.In the ninth year, the lijin bureau was set up to collect naoli, five qian per hundred catties.At the beginning, it was taken care of by businessmen, and then returned to the bureau.

In the thirteenth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Liu Ming, the governor, said: "A lot of camphor has been produced in Japan recently, and the price of brain in Hong Kong has fallen. If it is returned to the government, it can make a profit of two or three yuan per stone. Taiwan produces about ten thousand stone of brain every year, and sulfur The production in Taiwan is the best. The former governor of the Liangjiang River, Shen Baozhen, please lift the ban and collect it for official use. There are old chapters over the years. The cost of each stone is one yuan, and the official purchase is three yuan per stone. The annual output is six to seven thousand stones. The thousands of stones are all returned to the official use, followed by the accumulation of more than 3,000 stones, which are not used by the officials, and the commercial ban has not been opened, so they cannot be exported. Over time, the accumulation will accumulate more and more. The remaining stones are transported to the south of the Yangtze River and Tianjin, where they are smoked and roasted, steamed and cooked, and used to make firecrackers, which are widely sold. Taiwan's sulfur is good, but it is sold by treacherous people privately, and it is exported a lot. If it is not exported, it is popular in Japan, but private cooking cannot be prohibited. If it is managed, the profit is not too much, but there are many reasons for the lack of funds for Fufan. The minister investigated the two items of camphor and sulfur, privately boiled and sold privately, and every There are so many fights and troubles, I implore the government to buy and sell, and issue a license to export. Based on the current situation, the annual profit can be more than 30,000 yuan. If there is more production in the future, the sales will be smoother, and the manager will be promoted day by day. Wealth can be used for unlimited purposes, and it is really beneficial to the national economy and the people’s livelihood. Both are beneficial.” Zhao Ke set up the General Administration of Brain Sulfonine in Taiwan, which was subordinate to the governor, and set up brain affairs in Daqiankan on the North Road and Changhua on the Middle Road. General Administration.Such as Nanzhuang, such as Sanjiaoyong, such as Shuangxi, such as Houlan, such as Jiji, such as Puli Society, all set up branch bureaus, run by committee members, and there are secretary, scale holder, Zazao, and Yongding.However, Yilan and Hengchun set up general bureaus to reward brain work, and collect defense fees according to the number of stoves to fill the money for the fans.The brains produced are all returned to the government bureau, and each load is eight taels, and the merchants who sell them are twelve taels, with an annual profit of more than one million taels.At that time, it was handled by Taipei Deshanggong Taiyang Co., Ltd., and dispatched to Hong Kong. It can be sold for 20 taels per load, up to more than 20 taels.In May of the 16th year, Taipei was transferred to Cai Nansheng, and Lin Chaodong in Changhua paid a price of 30 yuan, including lijin defense fees, 12 yuan to the brain household, and the rest into the official.This year the export was more than 6,480 dans, in the 17th year it was 15,980 dans, in the 18th year it was 13,120 dans, and the price of the brain gradually increased.It is because the sales in the European and American markets are getting bigger and bigger, and the chemicals are refined every day, so as to make instruments and combine medicines. At the beginning, Hui Shilu, a German, opened Ruixing Foreign Firm in the south. He first went to Jiji to set up a store, and bought his own in Hong Kong. In a few years, he made a lot of profits.And when it was returned to the government, it lost its benefits, and went to Shantou, and handed over the brain business to the British merchant Yee Kee Co., Ltd. to undertake it.In May of the 16th year, Yiji transported more than 700 loads from Jiji to Lukang, and in September transported another 540 loads.Changhua Bureau Ding thought it was smuggled and wanted to seize it. An Pingying consul notified the governor to ask for it back, but refused to listen.Standing against each other is bound to break.The envoys stationed in Beijing and Britain are negotiating with the Prime Minister's Office of State Affairs, and the countries are also obstructing trade, so please remove the official office.The decree will be discussed and replied by the Ministry of household affairs.The memorial said: "Familiar with the current laws and regulations of archaeology, salt, nitrate, and sulfur are all owned by the government, and private sales are strictly prohibited. Apart from these three items, there are no other prohibitions. Taiwan's inner mountains now produce a lot of camphor. It is meaningless not to allow others to sell it during the conspiracy. Today, the British merchants have collected tens of thousands of catties of brains, which were confiscated by the inspectors. If it is the deliberate intention of the profiteers, even the governor of Taiwan can hardly shirk the responsibility. Besides, camphor, the original It is a medicinal material, so smuggling cannot be prohibited. For example, there are many insects and ants in the UK, and the brains are used to smoke the corpses to avoid insect erosion. This is why there are more sales. Afterwards, new ones in various provinces, regardless of the benefits, should be announced first and then held. , This is a good strategy. Fu Qi ordered Liu Mingchuan, the governor of Taiwan, to change the camphor item into a private one, but the government can levy taxes." Zhaoke.In November, the official office was abolished and the defense was withdrawn.Shengfan took advantage of the gap to grow grass, destroying scorpions and killing people, causing disturbances along the mountain, and causing great brain damage.Therefore, please set up the brave and pay the defense fee. Every hundred catties of brains is taxed at eight yuan, and one grain of brains is charged with anise per month, and ten stoves are one share.For exporters, the customs tax is 1 yuan, 1.5 cents and 5 cents, and 5 cents and 5 cents in gold, and the income is still quite a lot.In the 17th year, brain affairs were changed to be subordinate to the Chief Commissioner. They were still located in Daqiankan on the North Road and Changhua on the Middle Road. They each set up a General Bureau of Brain Affairs Inspection and sub-bureaus. Even also.In the 21st year, the stove cutting fee will be changed to 4 yuan per hundred catties.At that time, foreign sales and consumption became more and more extensive, and Hong Kong sold it to seventy or eighty yuan, or to one hundred yuan. alluvial gold Gold mining in Taiwan began three hundred years ago.The old records said that the Zheng family was at the end of the year, and Chen Tinghui, an official, was sent to Duo Laman to mine gold. The old man was surprised and said: "Is there something wrong with Taiwan?" Now, the Zheng family has picked it again, can it be as good as it is?" The Qing army has already entered Taiwan.Although the language is not classic, it is enough to know the ancient times of gold mining. "Maritime Affairs Brief" said: "When Zheng was in charge, Li Cang, who was in charge of Danshui, asked him to take gold for self-efficacy, and Chen Fu, the supervisor, went with him. When he arrived in Danshui, he led Xuanyi's troops and went to Beinan to look for it. To make a living on this, the Han people came to take it, and they must fight to the death. Fu dared not enter, and halfway back, he met Tu Fan who was boating and selling. Said: "After the gold came out of the mountain, its fan is a puppet species, and there are few people. It rides on the python armor from Danshui, from the west to the east, returns from the north to the south, goes back to the stream, and arrives around the moon. The natives who are good swimmers take it from the bottom of the water. They are like small beans, bamboo rice pads hidden in storage, or secret ampoules, which are traded from time to time." "Fan Jing Supplement" says: "Duo La is full of gold, and it is washed out of the sand, which is similar to melon seed gold. Tu Fan is melted into strips , hidden in the giant steamer, every time the customer opens the steamer, they show off, but they don’t know how to use it. In recent years, some people have brought it to chicken coops and fresh water to make cloth.” "Taiwan Zhilue" said: "The gold at the bottom of Hong Kong is hard to find in the inner mountains. The water in Hong Kong is deep and cold, and the raw fish sinks in, and they catch it at random, but they rise up urgently, and their mouths are silent. The fire will be fixed after a long time. The gold is like broken rice." According to these statistics, Taiwan has produced gold for a long time, but there is a lot of it. in the northeast.In the thirty-sixth year of Qianlong's reign, a Polish man, Mai Lihesi, plotted to open up Taitung, and fought with Mapo in Shikefan.Fan Jiang offered 20 catties of gold and 800 catties of silver, all of which were produced in this place, which is near today's Ruifang.However, Taiwan's gold production has long been coveted by outsiders.In the eleventh year of Guangxu, the Buddhist affairs were settled, and the governor Liu Mingchuan built the railway.In the fifteenth year, when building the bridge of Badau Station, the workers went into the water to build the foundation. Occasionally, there was gold in the sand, and they took it out to wash it.At that time, the supervisor of the bridge construction was Li Jiade, a native of Shunde, Guangdong Province.Residents also benefit from it, and each tael is exchanged for eight taels of silver.In September of the sixteenth year, there were more than 3,000 pickers, and the land was expanding day by day.In August of the seventeenth year, it was forbidden to show.And the profit seekers steal at night, and there are many offenders.Keelung Tongzhi Li Jingsong discussed returning to the official position, and the governor Shao Youlian promised him.In February of the 18th year, Zouzhun opened, and set up Jinsha General Office in Keelung, Ruifang, Nuannuan, Sijiaoting, Liudu, Qidu, Dingshuangxi each set up branch offices, and dispatched staff to manage them.The pickers pay taxes according to the license, and they are stationed bravely to suppress them.In the winter of that year, Jin Baoquan, a businessman, asked to undertake it, and subscribed to pay 20,000 taels a year, and all expenses and wages were paid by him.Xu Zhi, starting from 19 years, withdrew the bureau and returned to the merchants.From February of the eighteenth year to the end of the year, more than 27,122 taels of lijin were collected.In addition to 10% of the opening fee, and Xinyong Yishao's salary, clothing, tents, etc., there are actually more than 17,662 taels, which are included in the coastal defense fee and recorded in the record.Not long after, golden seedlings were also found in Jinguashi and Dashikeng, and the number of pickers is increasing day by day.At that time, the price of gold was quite cheap, and it was worth 18 yuan in silver per tael in the mountains.And Sicheng, Xiuguluan, Hualien Port, Deqili in Taitung, Suao, Palisha in Yilan, etc., spanning more than 60 miles, there are also golden seedlings.However, not long after it was opened up, wild animals came and went, and the residents were often killed, so there were still few people. opium likin The existence of opioids in Taiwan began in the Netherlands.The Dutch trade took this as a huge advantage, and sold Fujian and Guangdong provinces, and gradually spread to the mainland.In the Ming Dynasty, the Chinese had already used it, but only considered it as medicine.Therefore, it is called He Fu Rong, or A Fu Rong, and it is boiled with the pulp of poppy fruit.Opium is produced in India, and it is a major part of the national class, and Turkic, Egyptian, and Persian are all produced.The upper one is called Gongban, and it is also black soil, with a strong flavor and strong strength.The second is called white skin, and the second is called golden flower, which means red soil.When selling opium in Taiwan, black soil was mostly used at the beginning, and then red soil was used together, and the price was relatively cheap, so many people sucked it.Since Qian and Jia, there has been nothing wrong in the universe, from scholar-officials to pawns, everyone takes pleasure in it.In the eighteenth year of Daoguang's reign, an imperial edict was issued to prohibit the use of Lin Zexu as the governor of Guangdong and Guangdong, destroying more than 13,600 cases of British opium.The British refused to accept it, so they went to war.Tao Ying, a Taoist priest in Taiwan, has also been ordered to prohibit the first offense, and the first offender will be punished, and the next offense will be death.However, the British often use splints to chicken coops, and secretly give and receive them from traitors, but they are easy to use camphor, and there are still people who suck it in the mountains and seas.After the peace was negotiated, Xu Zongqian served as a soldier to prepare for Taoism, wrote "Fang Yi Lun", and tried to ban it.His words said: "Why is silver getting less and less? Foreign cigarettes are getting more and more. Why are people getting poorer? They eat more and more cigarettes. It is estimated that each person needs two silver coins per day, and the rich and the poor, the good and the bad, and the good and bad men and women in the platform eat about cigarettes. There are no fewer than hundreds of thousands of people, counting at half a million, and a daily consumption of one hundred thousand taels of silver." The Taiwanese also set up an anti-smoking agreement on their own, and the smokers were almost inhumane, and they were vigorous and resolute.In the first year of Xianfeng, foreign merchants began to come to trade and collect taxes as usual.In the eleventh year, the Lijin Bureau was set up, with opium as the bulk, which was called foreign medicine.In the fifth year of Tongzhi, Wang Yong, the prefect of Tamsui, requested to import opium in detail, regardless of whether the mainland had been expropriated or not.Fifty yuan per box.The big official promised it.The annual rate is more than 100,000 taels, and the income of Anping is the same.In the fifth year of Guangxu, it was transferred back to the Daoist Department, and Yin merchants were called to take charge of it. Bureaus were set up in various places, and they could only be sold on the market according to the brand name. Otherwise, they would be regarded as private goods and confiscated and severely punished.However, the smugglers are heard from time to time, and the Bureau members are hard to guard against.For ten years, the battle of legal persons, the banning of ports in the north and the south, the eradication of merchant ships, the absence of opioids, and the rising market price of thousands of yuan per box.Bingbei Dao Liu Zong said: "Taiwan's business is mainly foreign medicine, and it imports and sells four to five million taels of silver every year. Now the legal person is closed, and foreign medicine is blocked. At the request of the gentry and elders, the official village was set aside from the right, and it was approved. The people plant their own crops and pay taxes as usual.” Therefore, Jia and Zhang each have many species, which have a relatively mild taste, and Yunnan, Sichuan, and Fujian also produce them.However, most of Taiwan's sellers are from India and Turkey. Foreigners bring in barter goods, and Taiwanese businessmen also purchase them themselves.Tainan soil sellers jointly set up a meeting, called Furong Suburb, and the annual value is reasonable. Each box is levied two yuan for charity.The tobacco sellers are called Furongpu, and there are also guilds. They sell and use them more widely than millet, rice, hemp, and silk.First, the businessman Chen Yutang took over the Tainan opium lijin and owed 46,000 taels. During the defense, the military expenditure was huge, and he refused to pay after repeated reminders.The governor Liu Mingchuan issued a letter to withdraw the order, and brought it to court for investigation, but he still served.Ming Chuan was furious and asked to be dismissed because of his collusion and cheating, so he was convicted. Taiwan opium import table (omitted) Taiwan's Opium Levy Table (omitted)